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Tut 4

This document provides tutorial exercises on linear algebra topics. It includes finding bases and spans of subspaces, describing linear transformations with matrices, finding the null space and column space of matrices, and determining if functions represent linear transformations. There are 12 main exercises and 2 extra exercises involving topics like vector spaces, linear independence, bases, linear transformations, and matrix operations.

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Eric Wang
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25 views2 pages

Tut 4

This document provides tutorial exercises on linear algebra topics. It includes finding bases and spans of subspaces, describing linear transformations with matrices, finding the null space and column space of matrices, and determining if functions represent linear transformations. There are 12 main exercises and 2 extra exercises involving topics like vector spaces, linear independence, bases, linear transformations, and matrix operations.

Uploaded by

Eric Wang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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T HE U NIVERSITY OF S YDNEY

P URE M ATHEMATICS

Linear Mathematics Intensive January Session 2024

Tutorial 4
Tutorial exercises

nx o
1. Find a basis for the subspace V = y
z
∈ R3 2x + y = 3z of R3 .
2. Find the matrices associated
 x  to the following linear transformations.
x+2y
3 2

a) T : R −→ R ; y 7−→
z y−z .
x

b) T : R2 −→ R2 ; ( y ) 7−→ x+2y y .
n     4 o
6 2
3. Let X = 3 , 3 , −6 . Find the dimension of Span(X).
2 1 0

n1 2 3o


4. Let X = 0
0 , 10 , 21 . Show that X is a linearly independent subset of R4 . Does
0 0 0
Span(X) = R4 ? What is dim Span(X)?
n       o
1 1 1 3
5. Let X = 1 , 1 , 0 , 2 .
1 0 0 0
a) Show that X spans R3 .
b) Explain why X is not a basis for R3 .
c) Find a subset of X which is a basis for R3 .

6. You are given the following data points:

x 0 2 4
y 7 21 43

Construct a Lagrange basis {p0 , p1 , p2 } of P2 using the x values from the data set. Hence find
the unique quadratic p that fits the data exactly. Estimate the value of y when x = 1.

7. The matrix J is the reduced row echelon form of the matrix A.


! !
1 2 0 4 5 1 0 0 40 29
2 5 3 2 1 0 1 0 −18 −12
A= 4 10 7 8 3 J= 0 0 1 4 1
8 19 9 14 13 0 0 0 0 0
7 17 19 50 18 0 0 0 0 0

a) Find a basis, B, for the column space of A.


b) Write each of the columns of A that are not included in B as a linear combination of the
vectors in B.
c) Find a basis for the null space of A.
d) Verify that the sum of the rank of A and the nullity of A is the number of columns of A.
Linear Mathematics Tutorial 4 Page 2

nw o
x
8. Find a basis for the subspace V = y ∈ R4 2x − y = z − 3w of R4 .
z

9. Which of the following functions are linear transformations.


a) T : P2 −→ R2 ; a + bx + cx2 7−→ ( a+b c ).
2
b) T : P2 −→ P4 ; p(x) 7−→√(p(x)) .
c) T : R2 −→ R; ( ab ) 7−→ a2 + b2 .
d) T : P2 −→ P2 ; p(x) 7−→ p(x + 1).
e) T : P2 −→ R; p(x) 7−→ p(3).

Extra exercises

10. Let X = {p1 , p2 , p3 } be a subset of P2 , where p1 (x) = x2 − x + 2, p2 (x) = 3x + 4 and


p3 (x) = 2x2 + x + 8. Does Span(X) equal P2 ? Find the dimension of Span(X).
 
0 1 0
11. a) Let A = 1 0 0 . Show that the null space of A can be interpreted geometrically as
0 0 0
points on the z−axis in 3-dimensional Cartesian space, and that the column space can be
interpreted as the points on the xy−plane.
b) Find a 3 × 3 matrix whose null space corresponds to the points on the x−axis in 3-
dimensional Cartesian space, and whose column space corresponds to the yz−plane.
c) Find the null space and column space of the 3 × 3 identity matrix.

12. Suppose that V and W are vector spaces and that T : V −→ W is a linear transformation.
a) Using induction on n, show that

T (r1 v1 + r2 v2 + · · · + rn vn ) = r1 T (v1 ) + r2 T (v2 ) + · · · + rn T (vn ),

for any r1 , . . . , rn ∈ R and any v1 , . . . , vn ∈ V .


b) Now suppose that S : V −→ W is another linear transformation and that {v1 , . . . , vn } is a
basis of V . Show that S = T if and only if S(vi ) = T (vi ), for i = 1, . . . , n.

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