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Oop Lecture 8

The document discusses dynamic memory allocation in object oriented programming. It explains that programs need storage allocated during execution which is done using keywords like new and delete. Memory is allocated on the heap segment for objects and arrays. Examples are provided to demonstrate allocating single objects and arrays of objects to the heap at runtime.

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19 views

Oop Lecture 8

The document discusses dynamic memory allocation in object oriented programming. It explains that programs need storage allocated during execution which is done using keywords like new and delete. Memory is allocated on the heap segment for objects and arrays. Examples are provided to demonstrate allocating single objects and arrays of objects to the heap at runtime.

Uploaded by

khanyz4884
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object Oriented Programming -

Dynamic Memory Allocation to


Objects
Dynamic Memory Allocation
• Every program needs storage to be allocated to it for various
purposes.
• When you write a program, you specify what storage it needs by
declaring variables and instances of classes, e.g:
int a,b,c;
float nums[100];
Circle myCircle(2.0,3,3); etc...
• Then when the program executes, it can make use of this memory
• It is not possible for variables or objects to be added during the
execution of a program
Programs & Memory
• To execute a program, it must be loaded into RAM (Random Access
Memory)
• Program loaded into main memory is divided into 4 segments:
• Code
• Data
• Stack
• Heap
• Data Segment: contains the global variables and static variables.
• Code Segment: contains the executable instruction
• Stack Segment: Store all auto variables e.g. Function parameters, Return
address
Programs & Memory (cont.)
• Heap Segment: It is for dynamic memory allocation
• Allocates memory for its requirement and delete memory after it is no longer needed.
• Dynamically allocate array size.
• Keywords: new and delete

• Example:
int *ptr; //Pointer that can point to an integer
ptr = new int; //Now it points to allocated memory
delete ptr;
int *p;
p = new int[10];//allocating dynamic array
delete [] p;
Example
int main() {
int *ptr; //Pointer that can point to an integer
ptr = new int(87);//Allocate memory and initialize to 87
if(!ptr) //NULL pointer returned
{
cout << "Allocation error\n";
}
else
{
cout <<"Memory location: "<< ptr;
cout <<" contains the int value: "<< *ptr <<endl;
delete ptr; //deallocate the memory
}
return 0;
}
Example
int main() {
int *ptr; // Pointer that can point to an integer
int size = 5; // Size of the array

ptr = new int[size]; // Allocate memory for an array of size 5

if (!ptr) // NULL pointer returned


{
cout << "Allocation error\n";
} else {
cout << "Memory location: " << ptr << " contains the following values: ";
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
ptr[i] = i + 1; // Initializing array elements with some values
cout << “\n “<< ptr[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
delete[] ptr; // Deallocate the memory
}
return 0; }
Array of Object
• The Array of Objects stores objects. An array of a class type is also
known as an array of objects.

• Syntax:
ClassName ObjectName[number of objects];
• Example:
Employee e[50];
Array of Object

Output
Array of Object
• Other way for array of object with similar output
Array of Object
Output
Dynamically Allocate Array of Object
Output
Dynamically Allocate Array of Object

Output

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