WORK, POWER AND ENERGY

BY: CHILDREN OF GOD

 ENERGY IS THE NAME OF THE GAME

 Everything exists or cease to exist because of its presence or absence.

 It is stored in different forms and can transfer and/or transform.
 It can be transferred without being transformed.
 It can also be transformed without being transferred.
 It can also be transformed during transfers.
WHO’S DOING MORE WORK?
 WHAT IS WORK?

 Work is defined as the product of the net force acting on a body and the distance
moved in the direction of the force.
Work = force x parallel distance
W=fxd
SI Unit: J - joule
(1 joule = 1Nm = 1kgm2/s2)
 EXAMPLE!

1.) Two forces that are F1 = 10 N and F2 = 5 N act on a body in a frictionless floor. The
displacement of the body is 5 m, what is the work done by the forces on the body?

Solution: W = (F1 + F2) x S

W = (10 + 5) x 5
W = 15 x 5
W = 75 joules
 EXAMPLE!

2.) Given two forces act on a block. FGAB= 15 N and FIAN= 7 N. If the displacement of
the block while the two forces act, is 6m, find the work done on the block?

Solution: W = (F1 − F2) x S

W = (15 − 7) x 6
W=8x6
W = 48 joules
 POWER

Power is the rate at which work is done.

SI unit: watts (1 watt=1 joule/s)

 EXAMPLE!

1.) In two minutes the energy dissipated by a lamp is 3000 joule. Find the power of the
lamp!

Solution: 2 minutes = 120 sec

P = W/t
P = 3000 / 120
P = 25 watts
EXAMPLE!
2.) Gabriel is 450 N of weight climbs a wood steps with a length of 3 m. Gabriel takes 6
seconds to get the end of the steps. What is the power done by the Gabriel on this
activity?

Solution:
W = (weight of the boy) x (the boy displacement) = 450 x 3 = 1350 joule

So then :
P = W/t
P = 1350 / 6
P = 225 watts
 Mechanical Energy
- the energy acquired by objects upon which work is done.
DIFFERENT FORMS OF MECHANICAL ENERGY
 Potential Energy
- The energy in matter due to arrangements of its parts, its composition, location and
structure.
- Commonly considered as a stored energy having the potential to do mechanical work.

The Various Forms of Potential Energy:

Gravitational Chemical Elastic Electrical Nuclear

POTENTIAL ENERGY

 The compressed spring has potential energy because

when released it can do work on the mass, m

 Gravitational PE is energy of position

 KINETIC ENERGY

 Kinetic Energy
- The energy in moving matter and wave.
- It is a scalar quantity.

Some Forms of Kinetic Energy:

Motion Radiant Sound Thermal Wave

 MECHANICAL POTENTIAL AND KINETIC ENERGY EQUATIONS
 Potential Energy

 Kinetic Energy
 COSERVATION OF MECHANICAL ENERGY
 If the cart moves from positions H to O, the potential energy decreases since its height decreases.
On the other hand, its speed increases as it moves down, thus its kinetic energy increases.
 From point O to P, it gains back its potential energy since it is moving up at higher elevation. In
contrast, its kinetic energy decreases as it moves up because it slows down.
 This exchange of potential and kinetic energy is known as mechanical energy.
 COSERVATION OF MECHANICAL ENERGY
At the top of the hill, the car is stationary, so as the car begins to move down the hill,
the potential energy begins to be converted to kinetic energy. The car gathers speed until
it reaches back on top of the other side of the hill and converts the gained kinetic energy
back to potential energy.
Ignoring frictional force, the total mechanical energy, which is the sum of its kinetic and
potential energies, remains constant at all points of the track. In equation form,

MET1 = MET2 = MET3 = Constant

PE1 + KE1 = PE2 + KE2 = PE3 +KE3 = Constant
 ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS
 The evidence and varied uses of the different energy forms is everywhere. Its flow causes change through heat
and work.
 Energy can never be created from nothing nor can it be destroyed into nothing.
 It is simply transformed from one form to another or transferred from one system to another.
 It flows from a source (serving as input system) into an output system during transfers and/or transformations.
 ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS

In a plugged television, electrical energy is

converted into radiant, heat and sound energies.
During photosynthesis, the sun’s
radiant energy is converted into chemical energy.
 TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN POTENTIAL ENERGY
AND KINETIC ENERGY

Consider a 1-kg stone dropped on top of a hill and reached the ground after 3s. From your concept on free fall,
the height of the hill can be computed using the formula.
h = ½ agt2 and vf = agt since vi = 0.

Now let us determine what happens to the free falling object’s kinetic energy and potential energy.
At t = 0 s, the object is 44.1 m from the ground. Using the equations for Potential Energy, we have
PE = mgh
=(1 kg)(9.8 m/s2)(44.1 m)
= 432.18 J
TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN POTENTIAL ENERGY
AND KINETIC ENERGY

 The Kinetic Energy at t = 0s is,

KE = ½
mv2 = ½ (1kg)(0)2
=0

 The Total Mechanical Energy of the free falling object at t = 0s is,

TME = PE + KE
= 432.18 + 0
= 432.18 J
TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN POTENTIAL ENERGY
AND KINETIC ENERGY

 At t = 1s, the Potential Energy is,

PE = mgh
PE = (1 kg)(9.8 m/s2)(44.1m – 4.9 m)
PE = (9.8kg m/s2)(39.2 m)
PE = 384.16 J

 The Kinetic Energy at t = 1 s is,

KE = ½ mv2
KE = ½(1 kg)(9.8 m/s)2
KE = 48.02 J
TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN POTENTIAL ENERGY
AND KINETIC ENERGY

The Total Mechanical Energy is,

MET = PE + KE
MET = 384.16 J + 48.02 J
MET = 432.18 J
 TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN POTENTIAL ENERGY
AND KINETIC ENERGY

Time, Height, Velocity, Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy, Total Mechanical

t(s) h(m) v(m/s) PE (J) KE (J) Energy,
MET=PE+KE (J)

0 44.1 0 432.18 0 432.18

1 0 9.8 384.18 48.02 432.18

The object freely falling gains kinetic energy since its velocity increases
constantly. On the other hand, its potential energy decreases since its height
decreases. The increase in its kinetic energy comes from the lost in its
potential energy.
 TRANSFORMATIONS BETWEEN POTENTIAL ENERGY
AND KINETIC ENERGY

In the example of a 1- kg stone dropped from a hill, at t = 0, its stored

energy which is the potential energy is not yet converted into kinetic
energy. As the stone falls as in t = 1s, the decrease in potential
energy, 48.02, is equal to the increase in its kinetic energy.
After 2s, the amount of energy lost and gained by potential energy and
kinetic energy respectively is still the same. At all points in its path, the
change in its potential energy is equal to the change in its kinetic energy.
ENDDDDDDDD ☺
QUIZ TIME! YIEEETTTTT 😍

1.) The sun’s radiant energy is converted into ________

during photosynthesis.
2.) The lost in its potential energy causes an ________ in its kinetic energy.
3.) Electrical is one of the various forms of ________ energy.
4.) Radiant, heat and sound energies are converted from ________ when
in a plugged television.
5.) The change in its potential energy is ________ to the change in its
kinetic energy.
QUIZ TIME! YIEEETTTTT 😍

6.) Its SI unit is joule.

7.) You push against the back of your friends car that is stuck. You push
and become very tired. Did you do work? (Write Yes or No)
8.) What is the equation of Elastic Potential Energy?
9.) It is the exchange of potential and kinetic energy.
10.) What is the name of the game?
 WORTH 👌 POINTS EACH!
1.) Doe is a female deer that weighs 75.0kg that climbs a 6.00 m long slide that is
inclined 30 degrees with the horizontal. What is the potential energy of the Doe with
respect to the ground?
2.) During the One Direction Concert, Revin runs up to the stairs, elevating his 92 kg
body a vertical distance of 2.49 meters in a time of 1.42 seconds at a constant speed.
a. Determine the work done by Revin in climbing the stair case.
b. Determine the power generated by Revin .
3.) Ian and Jeff were playing with their springs, they held the spring and stretched up to
2 m. Gabby noticed it and assumed that it takes a force of 20 Newtons to hold a spring
stretched to that distance. What is the elastic potential energy of the spring at this
position?
 PLUS ☝️ ALERT!
GUESS THE BIBLE VERSE ☺

For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not
worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in
us.