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Qualitative Vs Quantitative Notes and Activity Sheets

The document discusses the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. It provides definitions of important terms and examples of how each method can be applied to research questions. Tables are included that compare aspects of quantitative and qualitative research approaches.

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Nichol Mateo
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35 views6 pages

Qualitative Vs Quantitative Notes and Activity Sheets

The document discusses the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. It provides definitions of important terms and examples of how each method can be applied to research questions. Tables are included that compare aspects of quantitative and qualitative research approaches.

Uploaded by

Nichol Mateo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quantitative and Qualitative Research

In the previous lessons, you were oriented with the characteristics, processes, and
ethics of research. Aside from them, you also need to know the two broad categories of
research. They can be identified by the type of methodology used such as quantitative and
qualitative.

The research method determines the way on how the researcher will identify, collect,
and analyze relevant data for his/her research. As a student researcher, choosing either
qualitative or quantitative research will affect the components of your study. Hence, you need
to recognize the similarities and differences between them.

Quantitative and Qualitative Research (Cristobal & Cristobal, 2017)

There are two broad categories of research methodology: quantitative research and
qualitative research. The method to be used in conducting a research will determine the
approach the researcher takes in identifying relevant data, and collecting and analyzing the
information gathered in the research. Choosing either a quantitative or qualitative approach
will affect the components of the research.

For instance, a researcher may decide to undertake a scientific research. If he/she


takes a quantitative approach, he/she will use statistical data to provide an explanation of the
phenomenon. On the other hand, if the researcher chooses qualitative approach, the goal of
the study will be to discuss and analyze the underlying concepts and theories related to the
research topic.

For you to easily understand the similarities and differences between the two research
methods, here is a short definition of terms that you have to be familiar with.

• contact time – the period when the researcher interacts with the research subjects or
participants to obtain relevant information

• hypothesis – a statement usually predicting the relationship between variables that


can be tested by scientific research

• outlier – a statistical observation in a set of data that is inconsistent with the


majority of the data

• output replicability – capable of repetition, imitation or reproduction

• research instrument – a measurement tool designed to obtain, measure and analyze


data from research subjects around the research topic

• sample size – the number of subjects to be taken from the target population of the
study
• trend – an assumed development in the future that will have a long-term and lasting
effect; prevailing style or preference

• validity – the functional quality of research instrument on obtaining data and


producing results based on the purpose of the study

• variable – any characteristic that can have different values or traits that may vary
across research participants

Now, study the following table cited by Cristobal & Cristobal (2017) from the
Social Science Research Extension Institute (SSREI), University of the Philippines
(UP)-Baguio (2009).

Generally, quantitative and qualitative research differs on the type of data they
produce. The former dwells on the collection of numerical data analyzed by
statistical analysis, while the latter deals with descriptive, in-depth and holistic data
analyzed by summarizing, categorizing and interpreting. On this note, you need to
use quantitative research if you want to confirm or test a theory or hypothesis and
use qualitative research if you want to understand concepts, thoughts and
experiences.

Here is a simple example on how you can apply two methods differently on
the same research question, “How satisfied are students with their studies?”

Read and analyze the following table from “What is Qualitative Research” by
Alasuutari (2011) to be deeply acquainted with quantitative and qualitative research based on
different categories.
Here are some examples of research conducted by Abdullah (2019; 2020) to give you
a glimpse on how the two methodologies can be applied in different studies.

Qualitative Research 1:
Assessment
Read and analyze the following concepts. Then, categorize them into what type of
research method they belong to. Use the given table below and accomplish it on a whole
sheet of paper.

❖ The researcher is an objective observer.


❖ There is one concrete reality being governed by unchanging natural laws that can
explain any given phenomenon.
❖ The researcher is part of the context and intrinsically linked to the findings.
❖ Concerns of bias are not part of research because the researcher is transparent.
❖ There is one true reality regardless of context.
❖ A phenomenon can be understood by studying its component parts.
❖ Conditions must be carefully controlled to prevent unwanted influences. ❖
Reality is context-specific.
❖ A phenomenon can be understood only when studied as a whole.
❖ Reality is socially and experientially constructed – resulting in multiple realities of
a phenomenon.

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