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Answers Rates of Reactions Practice Questions

This document provides examples and practice questions about rate laws and reaction mechanisms. It includes determining rate laws from data, calculating rate constants, and proposing mechanisms consistent with rate laws. Multiple reaction examples are provided with steps to analyze the mechanisms and rate laws.

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عوض أمحمد
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26 views4 pages

Answers Rates of Reactions Practice Questions

This document provides examples and practice questions about rate laws and reaction mechanisms. It includes determining rate laws from data, calculating rate constants, and proposing mechanisms consistent with rate laws. Multiple reaction examples are provided with steps to analyze the mechanisms and rate laws.

Uploaded by

عوض أمحمد
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Answers: Rates of Reactions Practice Questions

Rate Laws:

1. 2NO(g) + H2(g)  N2O(g) + H2O(g)

Initial Concentration (mol/L) Initial Rate (mol/L.s)


NO(g) H2(g)
0.075 0.400 0.005
0.150 0.200 0.010
0.150 0.400 0.020

a) Find the rate law. Rate = k[NO]2[H2]


b) Determine the value of the rate constant.
0.005 = k (0.075)2(0.400)
K = 2.22 L2/mol2.s

2. NH4+(aq) + NO2- (aq)  N2(g) + 2H2O(l)

Initial Concentration (mol/L) Initial Rate (mol/L.s)


NO2- (aq) NH+(aq)
0.010 0.020 5.4 x 10-7
0.020 0.020 10.8 x 10-7
0.040 0.020 21.6 x 10-7
0.020 0.0202 10.8 x 10-7
0.020 0.0404 21.6 x 10-7
0.020 0.0606 32.4 x 10-7

a) Write the rate law. Rate = k[NO2][NH4+]


b) Calculate the rate constant.
5.4 X 10-7 = k(0.01)(0.02)
K = 0.0027 L/mol.s
c) Calculate the initial rate if [NO2- (aq)] = 0.10 M and [NH+(aq)] = 0.10M.
Rate = 0.0027(0.10)(0.10)
Rate = 2.7 x 10-5 mol/L.s

3. 4OH(g) + H2S(g)  SO2(g) + 2H2O(g) + H2(g)

Initial Concentration (mol/L) Rate of Disappearance of


OH(g) H2S(g) H2S(mol/L.s)
1.3 x 10-8 2.1 x 10-8 1.4 x 10-6
3.9 x 10-8 2.1 x 10-8 4.2 x 10-6
3.9 x 10-8 4.2 x 10-8 8.4 x 10-6
a) Write the rate law. Rate = k[OH][H2S]
b) Calculate the rate constant.
1.4 x 10-6 = k(1.3 x 10-8)(2.1 x 10-8)
K = 5.1 x 109 L/mol.s
c) Calculate the rate of disappearance of H2S when [OH(g)] = 1.7 x 10-8 M and [H2S(g)] = 1.0 x 10-8
M. What is the rate of disappearance of OH at the same time?
Rate = 5.1 x 109(1.7 x 10-8)(1.0 x 10-8)
Rate = 8.7 x 10-7 mol/L.s

Rate of disappearance of OH at the same time is 4(8.7 x 10-7) = 3.5 x 10-6 mol/L.s

4. The rate law for the reaction: A + B + 2C  D + E is rate = k[A]2[C].

a) Complete the chart.


Experiment [A] (mol/L) [B] (mol/L) [C] (mol/L) Initial rate K
(mol/L.min)
1 1.0 4.0 2.0 8.0 4.0
2 2.0 2.0 1.0 16 4.0

b) How can the rate constant be increased? Increase temperature

Mechanisms and Rate Laws:

5. The mechanism for a reaction is:

NO2Cl  NO2 + Cl (slow)


NO2Cl + Cl  NO2 + Cl2 (fast)

a) What is the overall reaction? 2NO2Cl  2NO2 + Cl2


b) What is the reaction intermediate? Cl
c) What is the rate law? Rate = k[NO2Cl]

6. If a mechanism for a reaction is:

A + B  C + D (slow)
D + A  F + F (fast)

a) If the first step is the rate-determining step, which step is the fast step? Second step
b) Write the rate law for the reaction. Rate = k[A][B]
c) What is the overall reaction? 2A + B  C + 2F
7. For the reaction of:
H2O2 + 2H+ + 2I-  I2 + 2H2O

A proposed mechanism is:

H2O2 + I-  H2O + OI- (slow)


H+ + OI-  HOI (rapid)
HOI + H+ + I-  I2 + H2O (rapid)

For this mechanism to be consistent with the experimental data, what must the observed rate law be?

Rate = k[H2O2][I-]

8. At low pressure, the reaction:


2NO2 + F2  2NO2F
Follows the rate law: Rate = k[NO2][F2]

Suggest a mechanism that is consistent with the rate law.

NO2 + F2  NO2F2 (slow)


NO2 + NO2F2  2NO2F (fast)

9. For the reaction: 2A + B  C, the rate of formation of C was measured for a number of different
initial concentrations of A and B, with the following results:

Initial Concentration (mol/L) Rate of Appearance of C


A B (mol/L.s)
0.10 0.10 2.0 x 10-3
0.20 0.10 8.0 x 10-3
0.30 0.10 1.8 x 10-2
0.20 0.20 8.0 x 10-3
0.30 0.30 1.8 x 10-2

a) Write the rate law. Rate = k[A]2


b) Calculate the rate constant. K = 0.20 L/mol.s
c) Suggest a two-step mechanism that is consistent with the experimental data.
2A  D (slow)
D + B  C (fast)

10. For the reaction: I- + OCl-  Cl- + OI- , the following data was collected:

Initial Concentration (mol/L) Rate of Production of Cl-


I- OCl- (mol/L.s)
0.10 0.10 1.0 x 10-3
0.20 0.10 2.0 x 10-3
0.30 0.30 9.0 x 10-3
0.30 0.60 1.8 x 10-2
a) Write the rate law. Rate = k[I-][OCl-]
b) Calculate the rate constant. K = 0.10 L/mol.s
c) Suggest a two-step mechanism that is consistent with the experimental data.

I- + OCl-  IOCl2- (slow)


IOCl-  Cl- + OI- (fast)

11. The reaction: NO2 + CO  CO2 + NO is known to be a one-step reaction at very high
temperatures. At a much lower temperature, the following data was collected:

Initial Concentration (mol/L) Rate of Production of CO2


NO2 CO (mol/L.s)
0.010 0.010 2.1 x 10-8
0.020 0.020 8.4 x 10-8
0.040 0.020 3.36 x 10-7
0.020 0.040 8.4 x 10-8

a) Write the rate law. Rate = k[NO2]


b) Calculate the rate constant. K = 2.1 x 10-4 L/mol.s
c) Suggest a two-step mechanism that is consistent with the experimental data.
2NO2  N2O4 (slow)
N2O4 + CO  CO2 + NO + NO2 (fast)

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