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Introduction Linux

The document provides an introduction to Linux including what Linux is, why Linux, what is free and open source software (FOSS), Linux distributions, Linux architecture, setting up a virtual lab, terminal basics and common Linux commands.

Uploaded by

Kirubel Lemma
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views

Introduction Linux

The document provides an introduction to Linux including what Linux is, why Linux, what is free and open source software (FOSS), Linux distributions, Linux architecture, setting up a virtual lab, terminal basics and common Linux commands.

Uploaded by

Kirubel Lemma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Introduction to Linux

What is Linux
What is Linux?
●
Linux itself is just the kernel – the core part of the operating system.
Why Linux?
1. It’s free
Linux is and always has been available to everyone for free.
2. Open source software
Linux is open-source software. This means that the source code of the Linux project is available to the general public
under the GPL license. Anyone can download the source code of Linux for free, modify the code for their own use,
and even create their own version of Linux and release that themselves.

3. it is Secured
Linux is simply more secure. That doesn’t mean it’s invulnerable to hacking attempts. It’s just that the design of
Linux’s package management system, repositories, and other features makes it harder to compromise than other
operating systems.

4. Stability
The Linux operating system is very stable, reliable, and less prone to crashes than other operating systems. Even
Microsoft chose Linux as the operating system to power their Azure Cloud Computing Services instead of their own
Windows Server operating system. Linux is also the main operating system used by other major cloud providers.

2
Cont...
What is FOSS?
FOSS stands for "Free and Open Source Software." It refers to software that respects user freedom and is open source, meaning
that the source code is made available to the public. Let's break down these two components:
Free Software: The "free" stands for freedom (as in "free speech"). Free software respects users' freedom and community. It means
that users have the freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change, and improve the software. These freedoms are essential in
enabling individuals and communities to make the software do what they want it to. Free software doesn't mean that the software is
available at no cost (although it often is).
Open Source Software: This means that the original source code of the software is made available without restrictions and may be
redistributed and modified. It allows anyone to inspect, modify, and enhance the code, which can lead to a more transparent and
community-driven development process.

3
Cont… (Command Line Structure)

What is Linux distribution.


A Linux distribution is a complete operating system that includes the Linux kernel,
system libraries, utilities, application software, and a package management system.
Linux Kernel + Additional Software = Linux Distro
●
Linux Distributions are classified into 4 Grandparents(ancestors):
Debian (apt)
●
Ubuntu
Red Hat Linux (dnf)
●
CentOs
Arch Linux (Pacman)
●
ArcoLinux
Slackware (Sailx Os) (tar command .tgz format file)
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Linux Architecture

5
Cont… (Quoting)

●
Hardware is the core part of the linux device (RAM, HDD, etc…)
●
Kernel is loaded into the memory when the system is booted and
communicates directly with the hardware.
●
Shell is an interface that helps users interact with the linux Os
●
Utils are software applications.

6
Setting Up Our Virtual Lab

1.Download Ubuntu-server ISO File


2.Install VirtualBox
3.Open VirtualBox and Create a new VBox Machine
4.Assign RAM
5.Create a Virtual Hard Disk
6.Assign Disk size to your vm
7.Mount the iso file and continue with the installation process of
ubunt-server

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Terminal and Basic Linux Commands
Terminal and Basic Linux Commands
●
The Terminal is a powerful tool, that lets you interact with your machine.
●
CTRL + Shift + T opens the terminal (on linux).
●
CTRL + D close the terminal (type exit command)
●
clear command clears the terminal.
●
Up arrow and Down arrow to cycle through our command history
●
We will see about command structure and command history on our next session

8
Cont...
Some Basic Linux Commands are:
●
pwd
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ls
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cd
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cd ..
●
cat
Some Linux File Manipulation Commands
●
mkdir
●
touch
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cp
●
mv
●
rm
●
rmdir

9
DONE

THANKS

10

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