Unit 3

Enzymes

1. Which of the following external factors influence the turnover rate of enzyme by completely
damaging their tertiary structure?

A. Substrate concentration B. Competitive inhibitors

C. temperature and PH D. Reversible inhibitors

2, which class of enzymes joins molecules together?

A, Lyases B, Hydrolases C, Transferases D, Ligases

3, Which of the following mixtures the enzymes catalyze acts faster on hydrogen peroxide?

A, H2O + HCl + fresh potato cube

B, H2O2 + NaOH + fresh potato cube

C, H2O2 + fresh potato cube

D, H2O2 + boiled potato cube

4, To which of the following organic molecules enzymes belong?

A, Carbohydrate B, Lipid C, Protein D, Nucleic acid

5, Which of the following enzymes works best in acidic PH?

A, Pepsin B, Salivary amylase C, Pancreatic lipase D, Catalase

6, Which enzyme is used in textile industry to remove starch used in fabrics as adhesive or
support during weaving?

A, Amyloglucosidase B, Lipase C, Amylase D, Trypsin

7, To which one of the following is the origin of the term enzyme more related?

A, Yeast B, Bacteria C, Virus D, Protozoa

8, Which of the following is effective to reverse enzyme inhibition that is caused by reversible
competitive inhibitor? It is to increase:
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A, The PH of the reaction B, The substrate concentration

C, The temperature of the reaction D, The concentration of the inhibitors

9, Which of the following statement is true?

A, Enzymes are inorganic catalysts

B, Enzymes lower the activation energy of the chemical reaction

C, Enzymes are used up during reaction they catalyze

D, All of the above

10, Which of the following enzymes has its optimum PH in the acidic range?

A, Catalase B, Pancreatic lipase C, Salivary amylase D, Pepsin

11, Which part of human sperm cell contains the respiratory enzymes?

A, Head B, Middle piece C, Neck D, Tail

12, The enzyme that has wide industrial application in starch industries, textile industries and in
the making of biological detergents is

A, trypsin B, Lipase C, Amylase D, isomerase

13, If an enzyme has optimum activity at neutral PH, to which of the following PH values does
this correspond?

A, 14 B, 7 C, 12 D, 4

14, What is true about the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction if the enzyme concentration is
kept constant and the substrate is supplied in excess? The rate would be

A, Rise continuously B, Stay constant C, Decline sharply D, None of the above

15, Among the following identify the molecule that is an enzyme?

A, starch B, cellulase C, Cellulose D, Glycogen

16, An enzyme known as catalase convert hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, in this
reaction which one is the substrate?

A, Catalase B, Hydrogen peroxide C, Water and oxygen D, water only

17, Identify the statement that more correctly explains why each cell contains so many different
types of enzymes? Enzymes are:

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A, consumed in the process of catalysis B, Used over and over again

C, Specific to their substrates D, Easily synthesized in the cells

18, If an enzyme is provided with its normal substrate plus another molecule having the same
shape and size as substrate, which one of the following would happen?

A, Allosteric inhibition B, competitive inhibition

C, Irreversible inhibition D, end product inhibition

19, If one keeps on adding substrate to a fixed amount of an enzyme, when does the reaction rate
reach a plateau?

A, when all substrate is converted to product

B, when all the active sites of the enzymes are occupied

C, when most of the enzyme molecules are consumed

D, when much of the products are accumulated

20, What do we call substance upon which enzymes act?

A, Product B, Substrate C, Activation energy D, Enzyme substrate complex

21, Which factor has more negative effect on the functions of enzymes than the others?

A, Neutral PH B, Very high temperature

C, Optimum amount of salt concentration D, Optimum amount of substrate concentration

22, When an enzyme is denatured by heat or extreme PH, which one of the following does it
lose?

A, Peptide bond B, Primary structure C, Secondary structure D, Tertiary structure

23, Which of the following mechanisms do cells use to regulate enzyme catalyzed reaction in
metabolic pathway?

A, enzyme denaturation B, Irreversible inhibition

C, End product inhibition D, Competitive inhibition

24, Which of the following statements best describes an induced fit model?

A, The substrate binds to an active site and alters the shape active site
B, The substrate adopts the correct binding conformation before entering an active site

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C, An active site alters shape such that it is ready to accept a substrate

D, An active site alters the shape of the substrate such that it can adopt the necessary active
conformation for binding

25. In human body, which conditions are generally considered optimum for most enzymes?

A, 37 degree centigrade and PH 1.0 B, 37 degrees centigrade and PH 7.0

C, 5 degree centigrade and PH 9.0 D, 90 degree centigrade and PH 7.0

26, in competitive inhibition, which one of the following factors determines the rate of
inhibition?

A, The reaction temperature B, The enzyme concentration

C, The substrate concentration D, The ratio of inhibitor to enzyme concentration

27, What are the environmental advantages of using enzyme in industry?

A, It makes high production possible with less input of heat

B, It makes high production possible with high output of heat

C, it makes high production with high emission of CO2

D, It helps high production with supply of more heat and emission of more CO2

28, Which of the following unit is the building unit of an enzyme molecule?

A, Amino acids B, glucose C, nucleotides D, fatty acid

29, Which one of the following classes of enzymes digests carbohydrates?

A, Amylases B, Lipases C, Proteases D, Nucleases

30, To which class of enzymes do the digestive enzymes belong?

A, Lyase B, Transferees C, Hydrolases D, Isomerizes

31, Which of the following types of enzymes inhibition can be removed when the end product of
the metabolic pathway is depleted?
A, Allosteric inhibition B, Non reversible inhibition

C, Competitive inhibition D, Reversible competitive inhibition

32, In case of enzymatic chemical reaction, what do you call the substance that is acted upon by
an enzyme?

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A, Polypeptide B, coenzyme C, Vitamin D, Substrate

33, Which of the following is the common characteristics of all enzymes?

A, They act inside the cell only B, They are proteins

C, They require cofactors D, They operate at any PH

34, In to which of the following organic compounds can lipase, maltase and sucrase grouped?

A, Hormones B, carbohydrates C, Nucleic acids D, enzymes

35, Which of the following PH represents strongest base?

A, 2 B, 7 C, 13 D, 15

36, Which group of organic compounds include enzymes?

A, Protein B, Lipids C, Starch D, Carbohydrates.

37, For biological detergents to effectively remove oily and greasy dirt, which of the following
enzymes should it contain?

A, Cellulase B, protease C, Amylase D, Lipase

38, Which region of human digestive tract contains enzymes that perform well at low PH?

A, Mouth B, Stomach C, Small intestine D, Large intestine

39, To which of the following organic molecules do enzymes belong?

A, Carbohydrates B, Fatty acids C, Proteins D, Lipids

40, Which of the following substances has a shape which is similar to that of the substrate of an
enzyme?

A, The reaction product B, The competitive inhibitors

C, A cofactor D, An allosteric inhibitors

41, Which one of the following terms refers to how fast an enzyme acts on its substrate?

A, Turn over number B, substrate number C, Enzyme number D, Product number

42, The optimum temperature of enzymes found in thermophilic bacteria is

A, Lower than for the enzyme in the human body

B, higher than the enzymes in the human body

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C, the same as the enzymes found in the human body

D, lower than the enzymes found in the warm blooded animals

43. Which of the following factors affects enzymes activity without denaturing the enzyme
molecule?

A, Low temperature B, High temperature

C, High PH D, low PH

44, Which part of human alimentary canals contains digestive enzymes that function at acidic
PH?

A, Stomach B, Mouth C, esophagus D, Small intestine

45, Which of the following is made up of globular protein?

A, Enzyme B, Keratin C, Collagen D, glycogen

46, Which of the following industries can reduce more CO2 emission by shifting to the use of
enzymes in manufacturing process?

A, Bread making B, cheese making C, Leather making D, Manufacturing cosmetics

47, In which one of enzyme application is invertase injection to sucrose paste in order to produce
liquid chocolate?

A, detergent making industry B, pulp and paper industry

C, Pharmaceutical industry D, Food processing industry

48, Which one of the following functions best at higher optimum PH than all the rest?

A, Pepsin B, Salivary amylase C, trypsin D, enzyme in the stomach

49, Which class of enzymes joins to molecules together by formation of new bond?

A, Ligase B, isomerase C, lyase D, hydrolase

50, In an enzyme that contains non-protein organic molecules, in addition to protein component,
what is the protein component called?

A, Apo enzyme B, Coenzyme C, holoenzyme D, Cofactor

51, Which of the following should be done in order to remove an enzyme inhibition caused by
enzyme competitive inhibitors?

A, Remove affected enzyme molecules B, Add more substrate to the system

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C, Remove the end product of the reaction D, Add more inhibitors to the system

52, Deficiency of which of the following human diet is likely to result in deficiency of some
coenzymes like FAD?

A, Essential amino acids B, Vitamins C, Carbohydrates D, Saturate d fatty acids

53, What causes tomato fruit to ripen much more slowly when kept in a refrigerator than if left
on table at room temperature?

A, Low temperature slows the normal action of ripening enzymes

B, enzymes produced by bacteria normally inhibits ripening

C, Humidify accelerates enzyme activity and ripening process

D, Normal temperature arrests the action of ripening enzymes

54, What is immediate compound that is formed during an enzyme catalyzed reaction?

A, Reactant B, substrate C, Product D, enzyme substrate complex

55, Which of the following substance can be used over and over again in an enzyme catalyzed
reaction?

A, Enzyme substrate complex B, Substrate C, enzyme D, Reaction product

56, To produce glucose from starch, which of the following enzymes would one use?

A, Isomerases B, lyases C, Hydrolases D, Ligases

57, Among the following factors that affect enzymes activity, which one does not cause enzyme
denaturation?

A, High PH B, Low PH C, High temperature D, Competitive inhibitors

58, Most coenzymes are derivatives of which of the following nutrient?

A, Protein B, Vitamin C, Carbohydrates D, Fats

59, Which class of enzyme inhibitors has similar shape as that of the normal substrate?

A, Allosteric B, competitive C, denaturing D, irreversible

60, Which of the following statements about the enzymes is not correct?

A, Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction

B, Enzymes are very specific in their action

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C, The presence of an enzyme will change the outcome of a reaction

D, Enzymes lower the energy of activation for a reaction to occur

61, How does a heavy metal ion reduce the reaction rate of enzymes?

A, By destroying the 3- dimension shape of enzyme active site

B, By raising the temperature above the optimum level for the enzyme

C, By dropping the PH well below the optimum level for the enzyme

D, By inducing mutation that disrupts the functioning of the enzyme

62, What happens when enzymes become denatured?

A, They can normally catalyze the reaction

B, Their active sites are changed

C, The rate of a reaction increases

D, Bonds holding amino acids are unaffected

63, Which type of enzyme catalyzes the joining of two molecules by the formation of new
bonds?

A, Decarboxylase B, Dehydrogenase C, Ligase D, oxidoreductase

64, Which of the following can reverse an enzyme inhibition that is caused by allosteric
inhibitors?

A, adding more substrate B, depleting the end product

C, adding more end product D, depleting the substrate

65, What is an apoenzyme?

A, A protein molecule B, An active enzyme

C, A non-protein molecule D, A non-protein cofactor

66, Which of the fooling is not characteristic of an enzyme?

A, It is globular protein B, It functions as catalyst

C, It lower energy of activation D, It is converted to product

67, What does an enzyme do to a chemical reaction that allows it to proceed optimally?

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A, It lowers the required activation energy

B, It increases the amount of the substrate

C, it increases the required activation energy

D, It modifies both the PH and temperature

68, Which of the following is incorrect with respect to enzyme‘s ability to catalyze a reaction?

A, An enzymes provides a reaction surface and hydrophilic environment for the reaction to take
place

B, An enzyme binds reactants such that they are positioned correctly and can attain their
transition state configuration
C, An enzyme allows the reactions through a more stable transition state than would normally be
the case

D, an enzyme can weaken bonds in reactants through their binding process and consumed
in the process

69, In metabolic pathway (A→ B→ C→ D), where each step is catalyzed by a separate enzyme,
which substrate in the pathway serves as an allosteric regulator?

A, Substance A B, Substance B C, Substance C D, Substance D

70, In which industrial enzyme technology is lactase practically applied to produce lactose free
milk for use by lactose intolerant individuals?

A, Chocolate manufacturing industry

B, Human hormone manufacturing industry

C, Dairy product manufacturing industry

D, Cereal food manufacturing industry

71, Which kind of enzyme inhibition binds to enzymes only weakly and the bond that holds them
breaks easily releasing the inhibitors to allow the enzyme to become active again?

A, Irreversible inhibitors

B, reversible inhibitors

C, Inhibitors that bind strongly to enzymes

D, Inhibitors that permanently alters enzyme structure

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72, Choose the one in which the human digestive enzyme is incorrectly matched with the
substrate that is normally catalyzes?

A, Lipase- fat B, Pepsin – protein C, Trypsin – starch D, Pancreatic amylase – starch

73, significant change in PH that can affect an enzyme molecule include

A, Building strong ionic bonds leading to stabilization of enzymes

B, altering the charges on some substances making it difficult to bind to enzyme

C, Changing the color and palatability of food item

D, increasing the boiling temperature of the substance

74, What is the shape of enzyme molecule?

A, Linear B, pleated C, branched D, globular

75, Which of the following condition is least likely to denature an enzyme?

A, A low temperature B, An extreme PH

C, heavy metal ions D, A high temperature

76, Which model of enzyme actions requires that the shape of the substrate molecule is
complementary to that of the active site?

A, The induced fit model B, The lock and key model

C, The activation energy model D, The enzyme function model

77, The industrial use of enzymes is helpful for the environment as it contributes to reduction of
CO2 emission. In which of the following is there more mass of CO2 emission saved per ton of
products by using enzyme technology rather than traditional method?

A, Cheese making B, Manufacture of cosmetics C, Paper making D, Bread making

78, Which of the following is not correct about the effect of temperature on enzymes?

A, Raising the temperature increases the kinetic energy of the molecule

B, Most enzymes are insensitive to temperature at low PH

C, A ten degree centigrade increase in temperature may increase the activity of most enzymes by
50% to 100%

D, Most enzymes are denatured at 40 degree centigrade

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79, Which of the following can reverse or reduce an allosteric enzyme inhibition?

A, Adding more substrate B, Adding more end product

C, Depleting the end product D, Deleting the substrate

84, which one of the following statements explains how an enzymes lowers the activation energy
of a reaction? By

A, enabling the reaction to occur at lower physiological temperature

A, making the individual substrate molecules more reactive

C, lowering the kinetic energy of the reacting molecules

D, changing its tertiary structure into secondary structure

85, RH2 +A E R + AH

Based on the above chemical reaction, in which classes of enzymes does Enzyme can be
grouped?

A, Transferases B, Hydrolases C, Isomerases D, Oxidoreductases

86, Which of the following enzymes is used as washing powders?

A, Biochymosin B, Lipases C, Cellulase D, Pectinase

87, What happen when the substrate molecule binds to the active site of an enzymes?

A, The substrate and the enzyme will bond permanently

B, They form a stable intermediate substance

C, The amino acids in the active sites become unreactive

D, The chemical bond of the substrate distorted

88, Which of the following vitamin is used as component of cofactor?

A, Thiamin B, Riboflavin C. Ascorbic acid D, Retinol

89, A change in temperature can affect the rate of enzyme controlled reaction by

A, changing the shape of substrate and enzyme molecule

B, decreasing the turnover rate of the enzyme

C, increasing or decreasing the probability of collision

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D, altering the charge of amino acids that form the active site

90, If the amount of enzyme is kept constant and the substrate concentration is gradually
increased, what will happen to the rate of reaction? The reaction velocity

A, Increases further as substrate concentration increases further

B, remain unchanged; hence it is not influenced by substrate concentration

C, decrease first but increases after the active sites are occupied with the substrate

D, increases until all available enzyme active sites become saturated

91, The following reactions shows enzyme controlled metabolic pathway in living cell.

Substance W E1 substance X E2 substance Y E3 substance Z

What will happen if the concentration of substance Z increases beyond the cell‘s requirements?

A, E3 will convert substance Y into another substance rather than substance

B, E1 and E2 will be inactive until substance Z equals to the normal concentration

C, the re3action will takes place in the reverse direction

D, Substance Z will inhibit E1 and switch off the pathway Z

92, How is the process of end product inhibition triggered? By

A, Excess production of the last product

B, Change of the active site of the enzymes

C, low concentration of the first product

D, inhibition of the last enzyme

93, An enzyme which is designated as EC 2.7.1.2 can be grouped to which class of enzymes?

A, Oxidoreductases B, ligases C, Isomerases D, Transferases

94, Which of the following is the correct order of food substance, enzyme, and breakdown
product of the digestive process in the stomach respectively?

A. Starch lipase glucose

B. Fat trypsin glycerol

C. Protein pepsin amino acid

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D. Lipid amylase fatty acid

95, Using an enzyme ntechnology in industrial production helps to reduce global warming. This

is because enzymes

A, increase the heat required for reaction

B, give high energy for industrial reaction

C, Absorb much CO2 from the environment

D, allow reaction to be carried out at much lower temperature

96, how do enzymes lower the activation energy of substrate molecule according to induced fit
model? By

A, forming strongly bonded enzyme substrate complex

B, creating tension in the bonds of substrate molecule

C, providing extra energy for the conversion of reaction in to a product

D, increasing the kinetic energy and probability of collision

97, If an enzyme depends on cofactor for its activity, then the enzyme becomes active and
functional when it is found in the form of

A, Holoenzme B, Coenzyme C, Mineral ion D, Apoenzyme

98, Which one of the following enzymes require copper ions for its catalytic activity?

A, Alcohol dehydrogenase B, cytochrome oxidase

C, Flavin adenine dinucleotide D, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

99. Niacin is used to make the coenzyme:

A, FAD B, NAD C, ADP D, AMP

100. The following reaction types catalyzed by different classes of enzymes:

1. Transferring hydrogen and oxygen atoms

2. Changing the molecular form of the substrate

3. Joining of two molecules by the formation of new bonds

Which classes of enzymes catalyze the above reactions according to their consecutive order?

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A. Transferases, hydrolases, lyases

B. Oxidoreductases, isomerases, ligases

C. Oxidoreductases, hydrolases, lyases

D. Transferases, isomerases, ligases

101. Which one of the following is correct about the action of apoenzymes and coenzymes?

A. Apoenzyme binds with enzymes to give catalytic activity

B. Coenzyme binds with cofactor to form an active enzyme

C. Coenzymes bind with enzymes to give catalytic activity

D. Both coenzymes and apoenzymes combine with cofactor to form non active enzyme

102. Consider the following reaction.

Reactant A + Reactant B+ Enzyme Intermediate Product AB +Enzyme

At what point are the chemical bonds weakened? At the

A, intermediate B, product AB C, reactant A D, Reactant B

103. How do enzymes bind and act on their substrate? By using the

A. Induced fit model and providing extra energy for the substrate

B. Lock and key model and reducing energy of substrate

C. induced fit model and putting the substrate under tension

D. Lock and key model and changing themselves into product