Input values

X1=0.05
X2=0.10

Initial weight
W1=0.15 w5=0.40
W2=0.20 w6=0.45
W3=0.25 w7=0.50
W4=0.30 w8=0.55

Bias Values
b1=0.35 b2=0.60

Target Values
T1=0.01
T2=0.99

Now, we first calculate the values of H1 and H2 by a forward pass.

1
Forward Pass
To find the value of H1 we first multiply the input value from the weights as

H1=x1×w1+x2×w2+b1
H1=0.05×0.15+0.10×0.20+0.35
H1=0.3775

To calculate the final result of H1, we performed the sigmoid function as

We will calculate the value of H2 in the same way as H1

H2=x1×w3+x2×w4+b1
H2=0.05×0.25+0.10×0.30+0.35
H2=0.3925

To calculate the final result of H1, we performed the sigmoid function as

Now, we calculate the values of y1 and y2 in the same way as we calculate the H1 and H2.

To find the value of y1, we first multiply the input value i.e., the outcome of H1 and H2
from the weights as

2
 y1=H1×w5+H2×w6+b2
y1=0.593269992×0.40+0.596884378×0.45+0.60
y1=1.10590597

To calculate the final result of y1 we performed the sigmoid function as

We will calculate the value of y2 in the same way as y1

y2=H1×w7+H2×w8+b2
y2=0.593269992×0.50+0.596884378×0.55+0.60
y2=1.2249214

To calculate the final result of H1, we performed the sigmoid function as

Our target values are 0.01 and 0.99. Our y1 and y2 value is not matched with our target
values T1 and T2.

Now, we will find the total error, which is simply the difference between the outputs from
the target outputs. The total error is calculated as

3
So, the total error is

Now, we will backpropagate this error to update the weights using a backward pass.

Backward pass at the output layer

To update the weight, we calculate the error correspond to each weight with the help of
a total error. The error on weight w is calculated by differentiating total error with respect
to w.

We perform backward process so first consider the last weight w5 as

From equation two, it is clear that we cannot partially differentiate it with respect to w5
because there is no any w5. We split equation one into multiple terms so that we can
easily differentiate it with respect to w5 as

Now, we calculate each term one by one to differentiate Etotal with respect to w5 as

4
Putting the value of e-y in equation (5)

5
So, we put the values of in equation no (3) to find the final
result.

Now, we will calculate the updated weight w5new with the help of the following formula

In the same way, we calculate w6new,w7new, and w8new and this will give us the following
values

w5new=0.35891648
w6new=408666186
6
 w7new=0.511301270
w8new=0.561370121

Backward pass at Hidden layer

Now, we will backpropagate to our hidden layer and update the weight w1, w2, w3, and
w4 as we have done with w5, w6, w7, and w8 weights.

We will calculate the error at w1 as

From equation (2), it is clear that we cannot partially differentiate it with respect to w1
because there is no any w1. We split equation (1) into multiple terms so that we can easily
differentiate it with respect to w1 as

Now, we calculate each term one by one to differentiate Etotal with respect to w1 as

We again split this because there is no any H1final term in Etoatal as

will again split because in E1 and E2 there is no H1 term. Splitting is

done as

7
We again Split both because there is no any y1 and y2 term in E1 and E2. We
split it as

Now, we find the value of by putting values in equation (18) and (19) as

From equation (18)

From equation (8)

From equation (19)

8
Putting the value of e-y2 in equation (23)

From equation (21)

9
Now from equation (16) and (17)

Put the value of in equation (15) as

10
We have we need to figure out as

Putting the value of e-H1 in equation (30)

We calculate the partial derivative of the total net input to H1 with respect to w1 the same
as we did for the output neuron:

11
So, we put the values of in equation (13) to find the final result.

Now, we will calculate the updated weight w1new with the help of the following formula

In the same way, we calculate w2new,w3new, and w4 and this will give us the following
values

w1new=0.149780716
w2new=0.19956143
w3new=0.24975114
w4new=0.29950229

We have updated all the weights. We found the error 0.298371109 on the network when
we fed forward the 0.05 and 0.1 inputs. In the first round of Backpropagation, the total
error is down to 0.291027924. After repeating this process 10,000, the total error is down
to 0.0000351085. At this point, the outputs neurons generate 0.159121960 and
0.984065734 i.e., nearby our target value when we feed forward the 0.05 and 0.1.

12
13