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Environmental Science
Quarter 4- Module 2:
The Utilization and Exploitation of Energy
Resources

DIVISION OF ANGELES CITY

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Environmental Science – Grade 7 Alternative
Delivery Mode
Quarter 4: Module 2: The Utilization and Exploitation of Energy Resources First
Edition, 2021

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The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Regional Director: May B Eclar PhD, CESE III
Assistant Regional Director: Rhoda T. Razon EdD, CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Romina C. Quilla

Editors: Lorie L. Macatula, Analiza P. Coricor, Suzzeth M. Ramirez, Amelita L. Pineda
Reviewers: Gemima A. Estrabillo, Hermes Vargas, Adrian Tamayo,
Emily F. Sarmiento, Noel S. Reganit, Krislene Ida N. Mercado,
Ryan Sapao, Billy Ray B. Manuel, Marvin R. Leano, Gemmarie G. Rivas
Illustrator: Ray Jason Sanguyu, Anthony D. Taruc, Angelica Tayag
Layout Artists: Ray Jason Sanguyu, Anthony D. Taruc
Management Team: May B. Eclar PhD, CESO V
Rhoda T. Razon EdD, CESO V Ma.
Irelyn P. Tamayo PhD, CESE
Fernandina P. Otchengco PhD, CESE Librada
M. Rubio PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas EdD Emily
F. Sarmiento PhD Gemima A.
Estrabillo PhD Rochella C. David

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region III – Schools Division of Angeles City
Office Address: Jesus St., Pulungbulu, Angeles City Telephone:
(045) 322-5722; 322-4702 888-0582; 887-6099
E-mail Address: [email protected]
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Environmental Science
Quarter 4- Module 2:
The Utilization and Exploitation of Energy
Resources
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by- step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will
tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator
or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each
module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for
each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our
facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based
learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions
carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
utilization and exploitation of energy resources. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.

The module is about:

● the utilization and exploitation of energy resources.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the utilization and exploitation of energy resources.

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 What I Know

Energy Resources Mix and Match!

Direction: Use the chart below to classify each resource as either renewable or non- renewable resources.

RENEWABLE NON- RENEWABLE

Nuclear energy Fossil fuel Geothermal energy Oil

Biogas Hydroelectric energy Natural gas Solar energy
Wind energy Coal

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 Lesson Utilization and Exploitation
of Energy Resources
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What’s In

Direction: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which is NOT an effect of energy resource exploitation?
a. depletion of fossil fuel c. increased in population
b. greenhouse gas increased d. health hazards

2. Which of the following results in improper use of nuclear energy?

a. air pollution c. radiation pollution
b. material pollution d. thermal pollution

3. Which increases the temperature of the ecosystem that causes ill effects on the aquatic
organisms?
a. air pollution c. thermal pollution
b. radiation pollution d. water pollution

4. Which of the following acids cause rusting of metals, deterioration of fabric, and the
corrosion of buildings?
a. citric acid c. nitric acid
b. hydrochloric acid d. sulfuric acid

5. What causes energy resource exploitation?

a. health hazards c. soil erosion
b. new technology d. thermal pollution

6. The following are major uses of energy resources EXCEPT:

a. generation of electricity c. mode of transportation
b. growth of population d. production of food

7. Soil Erosion can be prevented by .

a. afforestation c. immigration
b. deforestation d. overgrazing

8. Which among the health hazards causes cancer?

a. carcinogen c. mutagen
b. dermatogen d. teratogen

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 9. Which is a forest conservation activity?
a. clear cutting c. lumbering
b. clear felling d. planting

10. Thinking about the choices you make is a choice.

a. best c. smart
b. good d. wise

What’s New

We cannot deny that energy is a very precious commodity. It serves many purposes. But the
utilization and production of energy have some unwanted effects on the environment. Moreover, the
exploitation of these resources has a great impact on our lives. The rapid and increasing consumption
of energy creates an energy crisis. As population increases and technological advancement is
present, the requirement for these resources becomes vast and complex.

ACTIVITY 1: Fill Me In

Direction: Identify some of the problems arising from the exploitation of natural and energy resources.

1. Results from the utilization of nuclear energy!

_R_ _L_

2. Excavated soil is simply pushed over the side of the exploratory cut, creating ugly scars,
landslides, and severe erosion problems!

_L_ _S_

3. The most dangerous effects are the mutagenic effects (causing abnormal growths),
carcinogenic effects (causing cancer), and teratogenic effects (causing birth defects).

_A_ _Z_

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 4. The consumption of energy sources is brought about by the fast-growing population, the
increasing demand for resources, and the rising technology contributes to the .

_L_ of _S_ _U_

5. The increase in the temperature of the ecosystem which causes ill effects on the organisms.

_H_ _D_

What Is It

Energy resources in different forms of fuels are consumed at present, either for cooking and
heating, electricity, or for other forms of energy conversion procedures. Energy resources can be
roughly classified as renewable and non- renewable energy resources.

Renewable energy resources are types of energy that are easily replaced on our planet.
Examples of these renewable resources are hydropower and biomass (e.g., plant fuels such as wood).
While other renewable resources include wind, wave, tidal, solar, and geothermal. Some forms of fuels
created from biomass (plants and animals) also identified in this type.

Non-renewable energy resources are obtained from dead plant and animal deposits created
over the long period of time. These resources are vast, but limited, and are not renewable. Until
recently, fossil fuels have provided for most people’s energy needs. These resources mainly include
coal, oil, and natural gas.

Certain deposits radioactive elements in Earth’s crust can be classified as nuclear

energy resources. These resources are used as fuel for nuclear fission-based power plants. The amount
of these rare radioactive elements is limited on our planet and cannot be replenished. Through the
years, there has been some research on fusion power, but it is still not proven to be a practical energy
resource. This form of energy conversion aims to produce the energy from sustain fusion of
hydrogen atoms into helium.

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 While energy is an indispensable factor in the survival of people and nations and in the
progress of a country, we are enjoying the convenience brought about by the utilization of these
resources. Major uses of these energy resources are as follows: food production and agriculture;
transportation; residential and commercial lighting, cooling, and heating systems; mining, smelting,
and industrial processes; and generation of electricity.

Through the years, humans always depend on these different energy resources in their daily
activities. However, there are several factors that contribute to the increase in energy consumption
like (1) the increase in population, (2) the increase in demand for resources, and (3) the rise in new
technology.

The exploitation of energy resources started to emerge in the 19th century as natural resource
extraction developed. During the 20th century, energy consumption rapidly increased. Today,
about 80% of the world’s energy consumption is sustained by the extraction of fossil fuels,
which consists of oil, coal, and gas. Another non- renewable resource that is exploited by man are
sub soil minerals such as precious metals that are mainly used in the production of industrial
commodities.

Because of these factors, the utilization of the different energy resources led
to the following exploitation of man’s activities. Effects of these are as follows:

A. The depletion of fossil fuels- like oil, coal, natural gases, and other nonrenewable energy
sources. They, too are, not infinite. The fast-growing population, the increasing demand for
resources, and the rise in technology contribute to the consumption of energy sources.

B. The destruction of soil and soil erosion- During the exploration and extraction of fossil fuels,
excavated soil is simply pushed over the side of the exploratory cut, creating ugly scars,
landslides, and severe erosion problems.

C. Greenhouse gas increased and Thermal pollution- All fuels and power consumed turn up as
heat in the environment. They cause an increase in the temperature of the ecosystem which,
causes ill effects on the organisms. Examples are combustions of fossil fuels; emissions
from automobiles; and when the temperature of a river is increased, the amount of dissolved
oxygen is decreased, result of the death of the organism in the river. These are all results of
global warming.

D. Water and Material pollution- The energy in any kind of fuel is associated with a material
substance, the fuel itself. During the process of consumption, this material substance is
transformed into other substances like ashes, smoke, and other gaseous products which, are
dumped into the environment as waste products. Examples of these waste products are sulfur
dioxide and carbon monoxide. Sulfur dioxide causes throat irritation and respiratory
diseases. When sulfur dioxide combines with oxygen it forms into sulfur trioxide. When
sulfur trioxide is combined with water, it yields sulfuric acid which, is highly

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 corrosive and cause rusting of metals, deterioration of fabric, and the corrosion of
buildings and sculptures.

E. Radiation pollution- radiation pollution results from the utilization of nuclear energy. You
have learned that during fission, the nucleus is split into fragments which, becomes
radioactive. Some of these products have short life spans, and their radioactivity dies out
quickly, but others have life spans of many years. Therefore, nuclear waste disposal becomes
a problem. Unlike sewage, these nuclear wastes cannot be treated in any way to reduce the
harmful radioactivity. If improperly disposed of, they cause contamination. Radiation causes
cancer and abnormalities.

F. Health hazards- all these types of pollution resulting from the utilization of energy have a
common effect4health hazards. The most dangerous effects are the mutagenic effects
(causing abnormal growths), carcinogenic effects (causing cancer), and teratogenic effects
(causing birth defects).

In addition to these environmental effects, there is the problem of clean-up costs and their
social consequences. Some pollutants can be reduced to an acceptable level, but such
requires expenses.

While energy provides humankind all the conveniences in life, it also has its environmental
impact. The increasing population, coupled with the increasing demand for resources, has
contributed tremendously to the increasing energy consumption. Likewise, the rise in
technology contributed to energy consumption. Increasing energy consumption led to the
depletion of energy resources.

What’s More

ACTIVITY 1: Find My Match

Direction: Identify what is being described by finding its match.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. Affects aquatic plants and organisms. a. deforestation
2. Consumption of fossil fuels increased. b. depletion of fossil fuels
3. Emissions from automobiles. c. increase greenhouse gas
4. Causes cancer and abnormalities. d. radiation
5. Construction of roads and urbanization e. water pollution

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Guide Questions:

1. How should the use of non-renewable natural resources be reduced so that sustainable
ecological development is possible?
2. What do you think will happen if these resources run out?

ACTIVITY 2: Being Resourceful!

Directions: Choose an energy resource. Write how you utilized this resource and identify its possible
effects of utilizing it. Follow the template/format in answering on a short bond paper.

Energy Resource:
Write the reference (website/book/newspaper) you visited/read for this
information:

Uses/Effects:

Guide Questions:

1. How can you avoid exploiting energy resources?

2. Name other energy resources that you use at home aside from what you have given.

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Activity 3: Exploitation vs Effects
Direction: Complete the table by describing the effects when an energy resource is
exploited by man’s activities.

Energy Resource Effects

1. Nuclear Energy

2. Geothermal Energy

3. Hydropower energy

4. Biomass/Biogas

5. Fossil Fuels

Guide Questions:
1. Is it possible to reduce energy consumption without affecting human well- being?
2. Why does exploitation of energy create severe environmental problems?

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 What I have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words given to complete the composition below
using the terms in the 'word bank'.

Ill – effects waste sanctions remedial measures

global warming Exploitation environmental damages
natural resources precautionary Waste minimization

Natural resources (1) , exploration, mining and processing have

caused different types of (2) which include ecological
disturbances, destruction of natural flora and fauna, pollution of air, water and land, instability of soil
and rock masses, landscape degradation, desertification and (3)
. The environmental damage has in turn resulted in (4)
of arable land as well as economic crops and trees. Since much of the damage is
inevitable if the (5) must be developed, both the
government and the natural resource industry must be involved in taking (6)
and (7) that can minimize the (8) of
natural resources exploitation.

Emphasis should shift from waste disposal to (9) through

sorting, recycling, bioremediation, afforestation, sewage treatment and pollution control, while the
government should provide the regulatory legislation with appropriate (10) or where
these regulatory bodies already exist, the enforcement of laws and policy implementation is of
paramount importance. The oil and gas industries, mining companies and other natural resources
exploitation bodies are expected to carry out mandatory precautions, remedies or compensation for
damage done.

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 What I Can Do

Direction: Write at least five (5) Energy Conservation activities done at home.

Illustrated by: Ma’am Angelica Tayag

Assessment

Direction: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following DOES NOT contribute to increased energy

consumption?
a. extraction and exploration of soil
b. increase in demand for resources
c. rise in new technology
d. population growth
2. Which of the following could potentially explain the projected decline in energy consumption in
the Philippines?
a. more available resources
b. technological advancements
c. a high rate of immigration into the country
d. an increase in the number of young people in the population

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3. Which among these health hazards causes birth defects?
a. carcinogen
b. dermatogen
c. mutagen
d. teratogen
4. Which of the following results from the utilization and exploitation of nuclear energy?
a. air pollution
b. water pollution
c. thermal pollution
d. radiation pollution
5. All fuels and power consumed turn up as heat in the environment. Which of the following
results in the direct increase in temperature?
a. global warming
b. radioactive decay
c. depletion of fossil fuels
d. emission of factories and automobiles
6. What is one way in which CO2 emissions can be reduced?
a. Reduce fertilizer use.
b. Sequester carbon in the lithosphere.
c. Keep ocean temperatures more constant.
d. Use alternative, renewable sources of energy.
7. Which of the following can prevent soil erosion?
a. overgrazing
b. afforestation
c. removal of vegetation
d. increasing birds’ population
8. Which of the following is NOT a direct result of energy resource exploitation?
a. advancement in technology
b. depletion of energy sources
c. global warming
d. pollution
9. Which is an anti-forest conservation activity?
a. clear felling
b. preservation of fires
c. economy in lumbering
d. preservation of wild animals
10. Which of the following is NOT a major use of energy resources?
a. food production and agriculture
b. generation of electricity
c. population growth
d. transportation

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 Additional Activities

Picture Analysis:
Direction: Analyze the picture below. Then answer the following questions.

Illustrated by: Ma’am Angelica Tayag

1. What do you see in the picture?

2. What could be the effect of this in our environment?

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References
Journals/Articles

Blaabjerg, Frede, and Dan M. Ionel. "Renewable energy devices and systems–state- of-the-art
technology, research and development, challenges and future trends." Electric Power
Components and Systems 43, no. 12 (2015): 1319-
1328.
Caetano, Nídia S., Teresa M. Mata, António A. Martins, and Manuel Carlos Felgueiras. "New
trends in energy production and utilization." Energy Procedia 107 (2017): 7-14.
Demirbaş, Ayhan. "Energy utilization systems." Energy exploration &
exploitation 20, no. 5 (2002): 379-389. Retrieved 1/23/2001 (paper)
Gutti, Babagana, Mohammed M. Aji, and Garba Magaji. "Environmental impact of natural resources
exploitation in Nigeria and the way forward." Journal of
Applied technology in Environmental sanitation 2, no. 2 (2012): 95-102.
Nemet, Gregory F., and Daniel M. Kammen. "US energy research and development:
Declining investment, increasing need, and the feasibility of
expansion." Energy Policy 35, no. 1 (2007): 746-755.
Olugbenga, Fatona P. "Energy exploitation, utilization, and its environmental effects–the choice to make
and the decision to take." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 91, no. 5 (2009):
1015-1019.
Owusu, Phebe Asantewaa, and Samuel Asumadu-Sarkodie. "A review of renewable energy
sources, sustainability issues and climate change mitigation." Cogent Engineering 3, no.
1 (2016): 1167990.

Websites

Encyclopedia Britannica. Sulfur Trioxide. Retrieved Jan. 19, 2021, from

https://www.britannica.com/science/sulfur-trioxide
Lora Shinn. (June 15, 2018). Energy Resources. Retrieved Jan. 19, 2021, from
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/renewable-energy-clean-facts
National Geographic Society. (2019). Renewable Resources. Retrieved Feb. 11, 2021, from
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/renewable- resources/
Science Direct. (2021). Energy Resources. Retrieved Jan. 19, 2021, from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/energy-resources
Sources of Energy-Knowledge Bank-Solar Schools. (n.d.). Sources of Energy.
Retrieved Jan. 23, 2021, from https://www.solarschools.net/knowledge-. bank/energy/sources
TeachEngineering.org. (2021). Renewable Energy-Lesson. Retrieved Jan. 23, 2021, From
https://www.teachengineering.org/lessons/view/cub_environ_lesson09
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III Schools Division of Angeles City

Office Address: Jesus St. Pulungbulu, Angeles City
Telefax: (045) 322-5722; 322-4702 888-0582; 887-6099
Email Address: [email protected]