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Difference Between Staticaly Typed and Dynamically Typed

The document discusses the differences between statically typed and dynamically typed languages, and how TypeScript bridges the gap between the two approaches. Statically typed languages perform type checking at compile time, require explicit type declarations, and offer benefits like predictability and tooling support. Dynamically typed languages check types at runtime, have implicit type handling, and provide flexibility but can introduce errors. TypeScript adds optional static typing to JavaScript through features like type inference and transpilation to JavaScript.

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15 views

Difference Between Staticaly Typed and Dynamically Typed

The document discusses the differences between statically typed and dynamically typed languages, and how TypeScript bridges the gap between the two approaches. Statically typed languages perform type checking at compile time, require explicit type declarations, and offer benefits like predictability and tooling support. Dynamically typed languages check types at runtime, have implicit type handling, and provide flexibility but can introduce errors. TypeScript adds optional static typing to JavaScript through features like type inference and transpilation to JavaScript.

Uploaded by

hunarmund.as
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statically typed and dynamically typed languages are two distinct approaches to

type checking in programming. Here's how they differ, particularly in the context
of TypeScript:

Statically Typed Languages


Type Checking at Compile Time:

In statically typed languages, type checking is performed during compile time. This
means that errors related to data types are caught before the program is run.
Examples include Java, C#, and TypeScript.
Explicit Type Declarations:

Developers often need to explicitly declare the types of variables, function


parameters, and return values.
This can lead to more predictable and maintainable code because the types are known
and enforced by the compiler.
Performance:

Since type information is known at compile time, statically typed languages can
optimize the code more effectively, potentially leading to better performance at
runtime.
Refactoring:

Statically typed languages make refactoring safer and easier. The compiler can
check the changes and ensure that type consistency is maintained throughout the
codebase.
Tooling Support:

Strong tooling support, such as code completion, navigation, and refactoring tools,
benefits from knowing the types in advance.
Dynamically Typed Languages
Type Checking at Runtime:

In dynamically typed languages, type checking is performed at runtime. This means


that type-related errors will only be detected when the specific code is executed.
Examples include JavaScript, Python, and Ruby.
Implicit Type Handling:

Variables can be assigned without specifying their type, and the type can change at
runtime.
This provides more flexibility but can lead to runtime errors if the types are not
managed carefully.
Performance:

Dynamic type checking can introduce overhead at runtime, potentially impacting


performance.
Flexibility and Ease of Use:

Dynamically typed languages offer more flexibility and can be easier to write for
simple tasks and rapid prototyping.
They allow for more dynamic constructs, such as adding properties to objects at
runtime.
Tooling Support:

Tooling might be less robust compared to statically typed languages because the
types are not known until runtime. However, modern advancements in language servers
and IDEs have improved this area significantly.
TypeScript: Bridging the Gap
TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript that introduces static typing to the
language. Here’s how it fits into the picture:

Optional Static Typing:

TypeScript allows developers to opt into static typing by specifying types for
variables, function parameters, and return values.
This enables the benefits of static typing, such as early error detection and
improved tooling, while still being able to write some parts of the code in a
dynamically typed manner.
Type Inference:

TypeScript includes type inference, which means it can automatically infer the type
of a variable based on the assigned value. This reduces the need for explicit type
annotations while still providing type safety.
Compatibility with JavaScript:

Since TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript, any valid JavaScript code is also


valid TypeScript code. This makes it easier for JavaScript developers to adopt
TypeScript incrementally.
Transpilation:

TypeScript code is transpiled to JavaScript, which is then executed in the browser


or a JavaScript runtime environment. This means you get the benefits of static
typing during development, but the resulting code remains dynamically typed
JavaScript.
Summary
Statically Typed Languages: Type checks at compile time, explicit type
declarations, more predictable and maintainable code, potentially better
performance.
Dynamically Typed Languages: Type checks at runtime, implicit type handling, more
flexible, potential runtime errors, potentially less optimized performance.
TypeScript: Adds optional static typing to JavaScript, combines the benefits of
both approaches, type inference, compatibility with existing JavaScript code,
transpiles to JavaScript.
TypeScript provides a middle ground, allowing developers to enjoy the benefits of
static typing while maintaining the flexibility of JavaScript.

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