Manage Layered Storage

and Configuring Disk

Compression

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 Manage Layered Storage Using Stratis

• Stratis is a Linux local storage management tool that aims to enable easy use of advanced storage features such as:
-Thin provisioning,
-Snapshots,
-Pool-based management
-Monitoring

• It is a hybrid user-and-kernel local storage

management system that uses the concept of a
storage pool..

• This pool is created from one or more local disks or

partitions, and volumes got created from the pool.

• Stratis can be used on top of any storage device (including LVM)

• The file system is put on top of the volume and is an integrated part of it that mean when volume size got increased
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Task 1. Create a Startis pool using two partitions each of 1 Gib.
- Name the pool as firstpool
- Create two file system with name ‘data’ and ‘logs’ on pool.
- Mount the Stratis file systems ‘data’ and ‘logs’ on directories /data and /logs respectively (through fstab).

Commands:
yum install stratisd stratis-cli - Install stratisd daemon and stratis-cli packages
systemctl enable --now stratisd -To start and enable the stratisd
stratis pool create firstpool /dev/sd.. /dev/sd.. -To create the Stratis pool using two partitions (create patitions using fdisk)
stratis filesystem create firstpool data – To create filesystem with name ‘data’ on Startis pool
stratis filesystem create firstpool logs – To create filesystem with name ‘logs’ on Startis pool
stratis pool list - To list stratis pool(s)
stratis filesystem list - To list Stratis file systems
mkdir /data /logs -To create the mount points
vim /etc/fstab - To create entries for filesystems in fstab for persistent mount
/stratis/firstpool/data /data xfs defaults 0 0
/stratis/firstpool/logs /logs xfs defaults 0 0
:wq
mount -a – To mount the filesystems through fstab
man stratis – To check manual page for stratis
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Task 2. Extend the Startis pool ‘firstpool’ adding one more partition of size 1 Gib.

Commands:
stratis pool add-data firstpool /dev/sda.. -To extend the size of stratis storage pool adding one more partition
stratis pool list - To list stratis pool(s)
stratis filesystem list - To list Stratis file systems

Note – To delete the stratis pool you need to delete all filesystems first and only then you will be allowed to delete the pool.

startis filesystem destroy pool_name filesystem_name - To delete startis filesystem

stratis pool destroy pool_name -To delete stratis storage pool
man stratis – To check manual page for stratis

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Task 3. Create snapshot for Startis filesystem ‘data’ and name the snapshot as ‘data_snapshot’.
- Mount the ‘data_snapshot’ file system on /data_snap directory.
Commands:
stratis fs snapshot firstpool data data_snapshot - To create snapshot of filesystem ‘data’
stratis pool list - To list stratis pool(s)
stratis filesystem list - To list Stratis file systems
vim /etc/fstab - To create entries for filesystems in fstab for persistent mount
/stratis/firstpool/data_snapshot /data_snap xfs defaults 0 0
mount -a – To mount the filesystems through fstab
man stratis – To check manual page for stratis

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Task 4. Rename stratis pool ‘firstpool’ as ‘newpool’ and stratis filesystem ‘data’ as ‘newdata’

Commands:
stratis filesystem rename firstpool data newdata - To rename filesystem
stratis pool rename firstpool newpool - To rename pool
stratis filesystem list - To list Stratis file systems and verify
stratis pool list - To list stratis pool(s) and verify

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 Virtual Data Optimizer(VDO)
Virtual Data Optimizer (VDO) is a block virtualization technology that allows you to easily create compressed and deduplicated
pools of block storage.

• Deduplication is a technique for reducing the consumption of storage resources by eliminating multiple copies of duplicate
blocks. Instead of writing the same data more than once, VDO detects each duplicate block and records it as a reference to the
original block
After deduplication, multiple logical block addresses may be mapped to the same physical block address; these are called
shared blocks. Block sharing is invisible to users of the storage, who read and write blocks as they would if VDO were not
present
• Compression is a data-reduction technique that works well with file formats that do not necessarily exhibit block-level
redundancy, such as log files and databases.

• The physical storage of the VDO volume is divided into a number of slabs, each of which is a contiguous region of the physical
space. All the slabs for a given volume will be of the same size, which may be any power of 2 multiple of 128 MB up to 32 GB.
The default slab size is 2 GB.

• When you set up a VDO volume, you specify a block device on which to construct your VDO volume and the amount of logical
storage you plan to present.
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• The VDO solution consists of the following components:
kvdo
A kernel module that loads into the Linux Device Mapper layer to provide a deduplicated, compressed, and thinly provisioned
block storage volume.
uds
A kernel module that communicates with the Universal Deduplication Service (UDS) index on the volume and analyzes data for
duplicates.

Command Line Tools

VDO includes the following command line tools for configuration and management:
vdo
Creates, configures, and controls VDO volumes
vdostats
Provides utilization and performance statistics
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Task 5. Create VDO volume with name vdo1.
-Physical size of VDO device must be 5 GiB and slab size should be 128 M.
-Set the logical size 10 times (50 GiB) the size of Physical Block device (Assuming container storage).
-Make sure compression and deduplication are enabled on the VDO device and logs are sent to syslog.

Commands:
yum install vdo kmod-kvdo -To install VDO
systemctl status vdo.service - To check the status of VDO service
fdisk /dev/sda –To create a partition of 5 GiB of size
vdo create --name vdo1 --vdoSlabSize 128M --vdoLogicalSize 50G --device /dev/sda.. - To create a VDO volume
vdo list - To list VDO devices
vdostats --human-readable -To monitor VDO devices
vdo printConfigFile -To print VDO configurations
man vdo - To check manual page

You can also also check /etc/vdo.conf.yml for VDO configurations.

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Task 6. Create xfs filesystem on VDO volume vdo1 and Mount vdo volume on /vdo1 directory
- Disable the compression on the device
- Change the Bio Threads count to 2.
- VDO Logs should be sent to /root/vdo1_logs file.

Commands:
mkfs.xfs -K /dev/mapper/vdo1 -To create xfs filesystem
vdo disableCompression --name vdo1 -To disable compression
vdo modify --name vdo1 --logfile /root/vdo1_logs --vdoBioThreads 2 -To set the non-default log file and change the Bio
Threads count
vdo printConfigFile -To print VDO configurations
vim /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/vdo1 /vdo1 xfs defaults,_netdev,x-systemd.requires=vdo.service 0 0
:wq
mount -a - To mount the filesystem through fstab
mount - To verify the mounted filesystem
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