Question Bank

Logic Circuit Design

1. Any signed negative binary number is recognised by its ________

a) MSB
b) LSB
c) Byte
d) Nibble
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Any negative number is recognized by its MSB (Most Significant Bit).
If it’s 1, then ít’s negative, else if it’s 0, then positive.
2. The parameter through which 16 distinct values can be represented is known as ________
a) Bit
b) Byte
c) Word
d) Nibble
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It can be represented up to 16 different values with the help of a Word. Nibble is
a combination of four bits and Byte is a combination of 8 bits. It is “word” that is said to be a
collection of 16-bits on most of the systems.
3. If the decimal number is a fraction then its binary equivalent is obtained by ________ the
number continuously by 2.
a) Dividing
b) Multiplying
c) Adding
d) Subtracting
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: On multiplying the decimal number continuously by 2, the binary equivalent is
obtained by the collection of the integer part. However, if it’s an integer, then it’s binary
equivalent is determined by dividing the number by 2 and collecting the remainders.
4. The representation of octal number (532.2)8 in decimal is ________
a) (346.25)10
b) (532.864)10
c) (340.67)10
d) (531.668)10
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Octal to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 8 to the power of base
index along with the value at that index position.
(532.2)8 = 5 * 82 + 3 * 81 + 2 * 80 + 2 * 8-1 = (346.25)10
5. The decimal equivalent of the binary number (1011.011)2 is ________
a) (11.375)10
b) (10.123)10
c) (11.175)10
d) (9.23)10
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Binary to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 2 to the power of base
index along with the value at that index position.
1 * 23 + 0 * 22 + 1 * 21 +1*20 + 0 * 2-1 +1 * 2-2 + 1 * 2-3 = (11.375)10
Hence, (1011.011)2 = (11.375)10
6. An important drawback of binary system is ________
a) It requires very large string of 1’s and 0’s to represent a decimal number
b) It requires sparingly small string of 1’s and 0’s to represent a decimal number
c) It requires large string of 1’s and small string of 0’s to represent a decimal number
d) It requires small string of 1’s and large string of 0’s to represent a decimal number
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The most vital drawback of binary system is that it requires very large string of
1’s and 0’s to represent a decimal number. Hence, Hexadecimal systems are used by
processors for calculation purposes as it compresses the long binary strings into small parts.
7. The decimal equivalent of the octal number (645)8 is ______
a) (450)10
b) (451)10
c) (421)10
d) (501)10
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Octal to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 8 to the power of base
index along with the value at that index position.
The decimal equivalent of the octal number (645)8 is 6 * 82 + 4 * 81 + 5 * 80 = 6 * 64 + 4 * 8
+ 5 = 384 + 32 + 5 = (421)10.
8. The largest two digit hexadecimal number is ________
a) (FE)16
b) (FD)16
c) (FF)16
d) (EF)16
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: (FE)16 is 254 in decimal system, while (FD)16 is 253. (EF)16 is 239 in decimal
system. And, (FF)16 is 255. Thus, The largest two-digit hexadecimal number is (FF)16.
9. Representation of hexadecimal number (6DE)H in decimal:
a) 6 * 162 + 13 * 161 + 14 * 160
b) 6 * 162 + 12 * 161 + 13 * 160
c) 6 * 162 + 11 * 161 + 14 * 160
d) 6 * 162 + 14 * 161 + 15 * 160
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Hexadecimal to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 16 to the power
of base index along with the value at that index position.
In hexadecimal number D & E represents 13 & 14 respectively.
So, 6DE = 6 * 162 + 13 * 161 + 14 * 160.
10. The quantity of double word is ________
a) 16 bits
b) 32 bits
c) 4 bits
d) 8 bits
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: One word means 16 bits, Thus, the quantity of double word is 32 bits.
11. The given hexadecimal number (1E.53)16 is equivalent to ____________
a) (35.684)8
b) (36.246)8
c) (34.340)8
d) (35.599)8
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: First, the hexadecimal number is converted to it’s equivalent binary form, by
writing the binary equivalent of each digit in form of 4 bits. Then, the binary equivalent bits
are grouped in terms of 3 bits and then for each of the 3-bits, the respective digit is written.
Thus, the octal equivalent is obtained.
(1E.53)16 = (0001 1110.0101 0011)2
= (00011110.01010011)2
= (011110.010100110)2
= (011 110.010 100 110)2
= (36.246)8.
12. The octal number (651.124)8 is equivalent to ______
a) (1A9.2A)16
b) (1B0.10)16
c) (1A8.A3)16
d) (1B0.B0)16
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: First, the octal number is converted to it’s equivalent binary form, by writing the
binary equivalent of each digit in form of 3 bits. Then, the binary equivalent bits are grouped
in terms of 4 bits and then for each of the 4-bits, the respective digit is written. Thus, the
hexadecimal equivalent is obtained.
(651.124)8 = (110 101 001.001 010 100)2
= (110101001.001010100)2
= (0001 1010 1001.0010 1010)2
= (1A9.2A)16.
13. The octal equivalent of the decimal number (417)10 is _____
a) (641)8
b) (619)8
c) (640)8
d) (598)8
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Octal equivalent of decimal number is obtained by dividing the number by 8
and collecting the remainders in reverse order.
8 | 417
8 | 52 — 1
8|6–4
So, (417)10 = (641)8.
14. Convert the hexadecimal number (1E2)16 to decimal.
a) 480
b) 483
c) 482
d) 484
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Hexadecimal to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 16 to the power
of base index along with the value at that index position.
(1E2)16 = 1 * 162 + 14 * 161 + 2 * 160 (Since, E = 14)
= 256 + 224 + 2 = (482)10.
15. (170)10 is equivalent to ____________
a) (FD)16
b) (DF)16
c) (AA)16
d) (AF)16
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Hexadecimal equivalent of decimal number is obtained by dividing the number
by 16 and collecting the remainders in reverse order.
16 | 170
16 | 10 – 10
Hence, (170)10 = (AA)16.
16. Convert (214)8 into decimal.
a) (140)10
b) (141)10
c) (142)10
d) (130)10
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Octal to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 8 to the power of base
index along with the value at that index position.
(214)8 = 2 * 8v + 1 * 81 + 4 * 80
= 128 + 8 + 4 = (140)10.
17. Convert (0.345)10 into an octal number.
a) (0.16050)8
b) (0.26050)8
c) (0.19450)8
d) (0.24040)8
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Converting decimal fraction into octal number is achieved by multiplying the
fraction part by 8 everytime and collecting the integer part of the result, unless the result is 1.
0.345*8 = 2.76 2
0.760*8 = 6.08 6
00.08*8 = 0.64 0
0.640*8 = 5.12 5
0.120*8 = 0.96 0
So, (0.345)10 = (0.26050)8.
18. Convert the binary number (01011.1011)2 into decimal.
a) (11.6875)10
b) (11.5874)10
c) (10.9876)10
d) (10.7893)10
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Binary to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 2 to the power of base
index along with the value at that index position.
(01011)2 = 0 * 24 + 1 * 23 + 0 * 22 + 1 * 21 + 1 * 20 = 11
(1011)2 = 1 * 2-1 + 0 * 2-2 + 1 * 2-3 + 1 * 2-4 = 0.6875
So, (01011.1011)2 = (11.6875)10.
19. Octal to binary conversion: (24)8 =?
a) (111101)2
b) (010100)2
c) (111100)2
d) (101010)2
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Each digit of the octal number is expressed in terms of group of 3 bits. Thus, the
binary equivalent of the octal number is obtained.
(24)8 = (010100)2.
20. Convert binary to octal: (110110001010)2 =?
a) (5512)8
b) (6612)8
c) (4532)8
d) (6745)8
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The binary equivalent is segregated into groups of 3 bits, starting from left. And
then for each group, the respective digit is written. Thus, the octal equivalent is obtained.
(110110001010)2 = (6612)8.
21. If the number of bits in the sum exceeds the number of bits in each added numbers, it
results in _________
a) Successor
b) Overflow
c) Underflow
d) Predecessor
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: If the number of bits in the sum exceeds the number of bits in each added
numbers, it results in overflow and is also known as excess-one. In case of any arithmetic
operation, if the result has less number of bits than the operands, then it is known as
underflow condition.
22. An overflow is a _________
a) Hardware problem
b) Software problem
c) User input problem
d) Input Output Error
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: An overflow is a software problem which occurs when the processor cannot
handle the result properly when it produces an out of the range output.
23. An overflow occurs in _________
a) MSD position
b) LSD position
c) Middle position
d) Signed Bit
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: An overflow occurs at the Most Significant Digit position. It occurs when the
processor cannot handle the result properly when it produces an out of the range output.
24. Logic circuitry is used to detect _________
a) Underflow
b) MSD
c) Overflow
d) LSD
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: To check the overflow logic circuitry is used in each case. Overflow occurs
when the processor cannot handle the result properly when it produces an out of the range
output.
25. 1’s complement can be easily obtained by using _________
a) Comparator
b) Inverter
c) Adder
d) Subtractor
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: With the help of inverter the 1’s complement is easily obtained. Since, during
the operation of 1’s complement 1 is converted into 0 and vice-versa and this is well suited
for the inverter.
26. The advantage of 2’s complement system is that _________
a) Only one arithmetic operation is required
b) Two arithmetic operations are required
c) No arithmetic operations are required
d) Different Arithmetic operations are required
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The advantage of 2’s complement is that only one arithmetic operation is
required for 2’s complement’s operation and that is only addition. Just by adding a 1 bit to 1’s
complement, we get 2’s complement.
27. The 1’s complements requires _________
a) One operation
b) Two operations
c) Three operations
d) Combined Operations
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Only one operation is required for 1’s complement operation. This includes only
inversion of 1’s to 0’s and 0’s to 1’s.
28. Which one is used for logical manipulations?
a) 2’s complement
b) 9’s complement
c) 1’s complement
d) 10’s complement
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: For logical manipulations, 1’s complement is used, as all logical operations take
place with binary numbers.
29. For arithmetic operations only _________
a) 1’s complement is used
b) 2’s complement
c) 10’s complement
d) 9’s complement
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Only 2’s complement is used for arithmetic operations, as it is more fast.
30. The addition of +19 and +43 results as _________ in 2’s complement system.
a) 11001010
b) 101011010
c) 00101010
d) 0111110
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The decimal numbers are converted to their respective binary equivalent and
then the binary addition rules are applied.
31. 1’s complement of 1011101 is ____________
a) 0101110
b) 1001101
c) 0100010
d) 1100101
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: 1’s complement of a binary number is obtained by reversing the binary bits. All
the 1’s to 0’s and 0’s to 1’s.
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Thus, 1’s complement of 1011101 = 0100010.
32. 2’s complement of 11001011 is ____________
a) 01010111
b) 11010100
c) 00110101
d) 11100010
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: 2’s complement of a binary number is obtained by finding the 1’s complement
of the number and then adding 1 to it.
2’s complement of 11001011 = 00110100 + 1 = 00110101.
33. On subtracting (01010)2 from (11110)2 using 1’s complement, we get ____________
a) 01001
b) 11010
c) 10101
d) 10100
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Steps For Subtraction using 1’s complement are:
-> 1’s complement of the subtrahend is determined and added to the minuend.
-> If the result has a carry, then it is dropped and 1 is added to the last bit of the result.
-> Else, if there is no carry, then 1’s complement of the result is found out and a ‘-’ sign
preceeds the result.
111
 Minuend - 11110
1’s complement of subtrahend - 10101
____________
Carry over - 1 10011
1
_____________
10100
34. On subtracting (010110)2 from (1011001)2 using 2’s complement, we get ____________
a) 0111001
b) 1100101
c) 0110110
d) 1000011
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Steps For Subtraction using 2’s complement are:
-> 2’s complement of the subtrahend is determined and added to the minuend.
-> If the result has a carry, then it is dropped and the result is positive.
-> Else, if there is no carry, then 2’s complement of the result is found out and a ‘-’ sign
preceeds the result.
1’s complement of subtrahend - 1101001
_________________
111
Minuend - 1011001
2’s complement of subtrahend - 1101010
_________________

Carry over - 1 1000011

Answer: 1000011
35. On subtracting (001100)2 from (101001)2 using 2’s complement, we get ____________
a) 1101100
b) 011101
c) 11010101
d) 11010111
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Steps For Subtraction using 2’s complement are:
-> 2’s complement of the subtrahend is determined and added to the minuend.
-> If the result has a carry, then it is dropped and the result is positive.
-> Else, if there is no carry, then 2’s complement of the result is found out and a ‘-’ sign
preceeds the result.
1’s complement of subtrahend - 110011
_________________
Minuend - 101001
2’s complement of subtrahend - 110100
_________________
Carry over - 1 011101

Answer: 011101
36. On addition of 28 and 18 using 2’s complement, we get ____________
a) 00101110
b) 0101110
c) 00101111
d) 1001111
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Steps for Binary Addition Using 2’s complement:
-> The binary equivalent of the two numbers are obtained and added using the rules of binary
addition.
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Augend - 0 011100

Addend - 0 010010
_________________
0 101110

Answer: 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
37. On addition of +38 and -20 using 2’s complement, we get ____________
a) 11110001
b) 100001110
c) 010010
d) 110101011
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Steps for Binary Addition Using 2’s complement:
-> The 2’s complement of the addend is found out and added to the first number.
-> The result is the 2’s complement of the sum obtained.
Augend - 0100110
2’s Complement of Subtrahend: 1101100
_________________
1 0010010

Answer: 0 1 0 0 1 0
38. On addition of -46 and +28 using 2’s complement, we get ____________
a) -10010
b) -00101
c) 01011
d) 0100101
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The BCD form is written of the two given numbers, in their signed form. After
which, normal binary addition is performed.
Augend is 28 and Subtrahend is -46.
Augend - 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 .....(a)
2’s Complement of Subtrahend: 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 .....(b)
_________________
Addiing (a) and (b): 1101110
Since, there is no carry, so answer will be negative
and 2's complement of the above result is determined.
0010001
+ 1
_________________
0010010
Answer: - 1 0 0 1 0
39. On addition of -33 and -40 using 2’s complement, we get ____________
a) 1001110
b) -110101
c) 0110001
d) -1001001
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The BCD form is written of the two given numbers, in their signed form. After
which, normal binary addition is performed.
Augend is -40 and Subtrahend is -33.
Augend - 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 .....(a)
2’s Complement of Subtrahend: 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 .....(b)
______________________
Addiing (a) and (b): 10 1001000
Since, there is no carry, so answer will be negative
and 2's complement of the above result is determined.
1001000
+ 1
_________________
1001001
Answer: -1001001
40. On subtracting +28 from +29 using 2’s complement, we get ____________
a) 11111010
b) 111111001
c) 100001
d) 1
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Steps For Subtraction using 2’s complement are:
-> 2’s complement of the subtrahend is determined and added to the minuend.
-> If the result has a carry, then it is dropped and the result is positive.
-> Else, if there is no carry, then 2’s complement of the result is found out and a ‘-’ sign
preceeds the result.
1’s complement of subtrahend - 100011
Minuend - 011101
2’s complement of subtrahend - 100100
 ____________________

Carry over - 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

Answer: 000001 = 1
41. Binary coded decimal is a combination of __________
a) Two binary digits
b) Three binary digits
c) Four binary digits
d) Five binary digits
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Binary coded decimal is a combination of 4 binary digits. For example-8421.
42. The decimal number 10 is represented in its BCD form as __________
a) 10100000
b) 01010111
c) 00010000
d) 00101011
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The decimal number 10 is represented in its BCD form as 0001 0000, in
accordance to 8421 for each of the two digits.
43. Add the two BCD numbers: 1001 + 0100 = ?
a) 10101111
b) 01010000
c) 00010011
d) 00101011
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Firstly, Add the 1001 and 0100. We get 1101 as output but it’s not in BCD form.
So, we add 0110 (i.e. 6) with 1101. As a result we get 10011 and it’s BCD form is 0001 0011.
44. Carry out BCD subtraction for (68) – (61) using 10’s complement method.
a) 00000111
b) 01110000
c) 100000111
d) 011111000
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: First the two numbers are converted into their respective BCD form using 8421
sequence. Then binary subtraction is carried out.
45. Code is a symbolic representation of __________ information.
a) Continuous
b) Discrete
c) Analog
d) Both continuous and discrete
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Code is a symbolic representation of discrete information, which may be present
in the form of numbers, letters or physical quantities. Mostly, it is represented using a
particular number system like decimal or binary and such like.
46. When numbers, letters or words are represented by a special group of symbols, this
process is called __________
a) Decoding
b) Encoding
c) Digitizing
d) Inverting
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: When numbers, letters or words are represented by a special group of symbols,
this process is called encoding. Encoding in the sense of fetching the codes or words in a
computer. It is done to secure the transmission of information.
47. A three digit decimal number requires ________ for representation in the conventional
BCD format.
a) 3 bits
b) 6 bits
c) 12 bits
d) 24 bits
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The number of bits needed to represent a given decimal number is always
greater than the number of bits required for a straight binary encoding of the same. Hence, a
three digit decimal number requires 12 bits for representation in BCD format.
48. How many bits would be required to encode decimal numbers 0 to 9999 in straight binary
codes?
a) 12
b) 14
c) 16
d) 18
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Total number of decimals to be represented = 10000 = 104 = 2n (where n is the
number of bits required) = 213.29. Therefore, the number of bits required for straight binary
encoding = 14.
49. The excess-3 code for 597 is given by __________
a) 100011001010
b) 100010100111
c) 010110010111
d) 010110101101
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The addition of ‘3’ to each digit yields the three new digits ‘8’, ’12’ and ’10’.
Hence, the corresponding four-bit binary equivalents are 100011001010, in accordance to
8421 format.
50. The decimal equivalent of the excess-3 number 110010100011.01110101 is
_____________
a) 970.42
b) 1253.75
c) 861.75
d) 1132.87
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The conversion of binary numbers into digits ‘1100’, ‘1010’, ‘0011’, ‘0111’ and
‘0101’ gives ’12’, ‘5’, ‘3’, ‘7’ and ‘5’ respectively. Hence, the decimal number is 970.42.