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Question 5 Explanation - Digital SAT Mock Test 1, Section 1, Module 1 - Reading and Writing

The document discusses whether chimpanzees have a theory of mind based on research by Premack and Woodruff. The research showed chimpanzees selecting tools to help humans with problems. However, Povinelli, Nelson, and Boysen argue the chimpanzees may have just followed learned behaviors in a familiar environment, not truly understanding mental states.

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211 views1 page

Question 5 Explanation - Digital SAT Mock Test 1, Section 1, Module 1 - Reading and Writing

The document discusses whether chimpanzees have a theory of mind based on research by Premack and Woodruff. The research showed chimpanzees selecting tools to help humans with problems. However, Povinelli, Nelson, and Boysen argue the chimpanzees may have just followed learned behaviors in a familiar environment, not truly understanding mental states.

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İbrahim İbrahimli
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Text 1

5 Mark for Review


An animal is said to have a theory of mind when it is able
to act according to the mental states of other individuals. Based on the texts, how would Povinelli, Nelson, and
Psychologists David Premack and Guy Woodruff studied Boysen (Text 2) most likely respond to Premack and
whether chimpanzees have such a theory of mind. They Woodruff (Text 1)?
showed videos of human actors struggling with various
problems. The chimpanzees were able to select They would argue that nonhuman primates other
photographs that showed the best tool to solve each A than chimpanzees, such as baboons and gorillas,
actor’s problem. may also have a theory of mind.
Text 2
They would argue that the chimpanzees would be
Biologist Daniel J. Povinelli and psychologists Kurt E.
Nelson and Sarah T. Boysen have argued that previous able to solve the problems themselves without
B referencing the photographs by struggling with the
research into whether chimpanzees have a theory of mind
have not adequately addressed alternative explanations situation themselves and eventually determining
for the chimpanzees’ behaviors. Specifically, it may be the the correct solution.
case that chimpanzees are following learned behaviors in
a known environment, rather than applying a theory of They would encourage Premack and Woodruff to
mind in a novel situation. show the same videos and photographs to other
C nonhuman primates and compare the other
nonhuman primates’ reactions to the chimpanzees’
reactions.

They would suggest that placing the chimpanzee


subjects in novel environments, such as rooms
D distinct from the chimpanzees' regular enclosures,
may help better ascertain whether chimpanzees
have a theory of mind.

Correct Answer: D
Your Answer: D
Explanation

This is a Dual Texts question, as it asks how the scientists


in Text 2 would most likely respond to those in Text 1.
Read Text 1 and highlight the claim made by Premack and
Woodruff regarding a theory of mind: after seeing videos
of human actors struggling with various problems, the
chimpanzees were able to select photographs that showed
the best tool to solve each actor’s problem. Read Text 2 and
highlight Povinelli, Nelson, and Boysen’s response to the
same idea: it may be the case that chimpanzees are
following learned behaviors in a known environment,
rather than applying a theory of mind in a novel situation.
Write in the annotation box for the highlighting in Text 2
that “Text 2 offers an alternate explanation.”
search
(A) and (C) are wrong because neither text discusses

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