Phase 2 Document: Data Wrangling and Analysis

Introduction
Phase 2 of our project is dedicated to data wrangling and analysis, critical steps in
preparing the raw dataset for building a personalized content discovery engine. This
phase involves employing various data manipulation techniques using Python to clean,
transform, and explore the dataset. Additionally, we assume a scenario where the
project aims to recommend personalized content to users based on their preferences
and interactions, enhancing user engagement and satisfaction.

Objectives:
1. Cleanse the dataset by addressing inconsistencies, errors, and missing values to
ensure data integrity.
2. Explore the dataset's characteristics through exploratory data analysis (EDA) to
understand distributions and correlations.
3. Engineer relevant features to enhance model performance for accurate content
recommendations.
4. Document the data wrangling process comprehensively, ensuring transparency
and reproducibility.

Dataset Description
The dataset comprises user interaction data collected from a digital platform, including
information about user profiles, content items, and user interactions such as ratings,
views, and purchases. Each row in the dataset represents a user's interaction with a
specific content item, forming the foundation for personalized content
recommendations.

Data Wrangling Techniques

1. Data Description
- Head : Displaying the first few rows of the dataset to get an initial overview.
- Tail : Examining the last few rows of the dataset to ensure completeness.
- Info : Obtaining information about the dataset structure, data types, and memory
usage.
- Describe : Generating descriptive statistics for numerical features to understand
their distributions and central tendencies.
Code:
```python
Sample code for data description
print(data.head())
print(data.tail())
print(data.info())
print(data.describe())
```
Output Screenshot
2. Null Data Handling
- Null Data Identification : Identifying missing values in the dataset.
- Null Data Imputation : Filling missing values with appropriate strategies.
- Null Data Removal : Eliminating rows or columns with excessive missing values.

Code:

```python
Sample code for null data handling
print(data.isnull().sum())
data = data.dropna() Drop rows with missing values
```

Output Screenshot

3. Data Validation
- Data Integrity Check : Verifying data consistency and integrity to eliminate errors.
- Data Consistency Verification : Ensuring data consistency across different columns
or datasets.

Code:
```python
Sample code for data validation
Check for unique values in a column
print(data['column_name'].unique())
```

Output Screenshot

4. Data Reshaping
- Reshaping Rows and Columns : Transforming the dataset into a suitable format for
analysis.
- Transposing Data : Converting rows into columns and vice versa as needed.

Code:

```python
Sample code for data reshaping
Transpose the dataset
transposed_data = data.T
```

Output Screenshot

5. Data Merging
- Combining Datasets : Merging multiple datasets or data sources to enrich the
information available for analysis.
- Joining Data : Joining datasets based on common columns or keys.

Code:
```python
Sample code for data merging
merged_data = pd.merge(data1, data2, on='common_column')
```

Output Screenshot

6. Data Aggregation
- Grouping Data : Grouping dataset rows based on specific criteria.
- Aggregating Data : Computing summary statistics for grouped data.

Code:

```python
Sample code for data aggregation
grouped_data = data.groupby('category_column')
aggregated_data = grouped_data.agg({'numerical_column': 'mean'})
```

Output Screenshot

Data Analysis Techniques

7. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)

- Univariate Analysis : Analyzing individual variables to understand their
distributions and characteristics.
- Bivariate Analysis : Investigating relationships between pairs of variables to identify
correlations and dependencies.
- Multivariate Analysis : Exploring interactions among multiple variables to uncover
complex patterns and trends.

Code:

```python
Sample code for exploratory data analysis
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

Univariate analysis - Histogram

sns.histplot(data['numerical_column'], bins=20)
plt.show()

Bivariate analysis - Scatter plot

sns.scatterplot(data['feature1'], data['feature2'])
plt.show()

Multivariate analysis - Pair plot

sns.pairplot(data)
plt.show()
```

Output Screenshot

8. Feature Engineering
- Creating User Profiles : Aggregating user interaction data to construct
comprehensive user profiles capturing preferences and behaviors.
- Temporal Analysis : Incorporating temporal features such as time of day or day of
week to capture temporal trends in user behavior.
- Content Embeddings : Generating embeddings for content items to represent their
characteristics and relationships.
Code:

```python
Sample code for feature engineering
Creating user profiles
user_profiles = data.groupby('user_id').agg({'interaction_column': 'mean'})

Temporal analysis
data['timestamp'] = pd.to_datetime(data['timestamp'])
data['hour_of_day'] = data['timestamp'].dt.hour

Content embeddings
Code for generating embeddings using techniques like word2vec or doc2vec
```

Output Screenshot

Assumed Scenario
- Scenario : The project aims to recommend personalized content to users based on
their historical interactions and preferences.
- Objective : Enhance user engagement and satisfaction by delivering relevant and
tailored content recommendations.
- Target Audience : Digital platform users seeking personalized content
recommendations across various domains.

Conclusion
Phase 2 of the project focuses on data wrangling and analysis to prepare the dataset for
building a personalized content discovery engine. By employing Python-based data
manipulation techniques and assuming a scenario focused on personalized content
recommendations, we aim to transform raw data into actionable insights for enhancing
user experience and engagement on digital platforms.
(sample_code)

[ Output Screenshot]