CT1 21'
CT1 21'
3. The liquid-level system shown in Fig. is initially at steady state with the inlet flow rate at
1 cfm. At time 0, 1 ft3 of water is suddenly added to the tank; at t=1, 1 ft3 is added; etc. In
other words, a train of unit impulses is applied to the tank at intervals of 1 min. Ultimately
the output wave train becomes periodic as shown in the sketch. Determine the maximum
and minimum values of this output.
4. A composition analyzer is used to measure the concentration of a pollutant in a wastewater
stream. The relationship between the measured composition Cm and the actual composition C is
given by the following transfer function (in deviation variable form):
′
𝐶𝑚 (𝑠) 𝑒 −𝜃𝑠
=
𝐶 ′ (𝑠) 𝜏𝑠 + 1
where θ = 2 min and τ = 4 min. The nominal value of the pollutant is C = 5 ppm. A warning light on
the analyser turns on whenever the measured concentration exceeds 25 ppm.
Suppose that at time t = 0, the actual concentration begins to drift higher, C(t) = 5 + 2t, where C
has units of ppm and t has units of minutes. At what time will the warning light turn on?
5. An internal cooling coil is used in a stirred tank reactor to remove the heat liberated in the
reaction. To regulate the coolant flow rate, a proportional controller is used so that the
reactor temperature is maintained constant. The controller parameters are selected so
that controlled reactor response exhibits an underdamped second order system when it
is disturbed, either by feed flow rate or by coolant temperature changes.
a. The feed flow rate changes at t=0 from 0.75 to 1 kg/s and the temperature of the
reactor changes to 205˚C from 200˚C. Evaluate the gain of the transfer function.
b. It is also noted that being an underdamped system, the response is mildly oscillatory
with maxima estimated to be 202.5 and 202˚C occurring at 1200 and 3250 sec after
the change is initiated. Evaluate the parameters of the transfer function.
c. Evaluate the rise time.