Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR2236

Intelligent Waste Management System using IOT

Vaidehi Chandre1; Om Gharat2; Raj Ghonge3; Shruti Kulkarni4; Prof. Vilas Jadhav5
Mahatma Gandhi Missions’ College of Engineering and Technology, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra

Abstract:- The escalating population density in urban facilitating real-time monitoring, data collection, and
areas has fueled a surge in waste generation, underscoring processing through interconnected physical and virtual
the urgent need for effective waste management solutions. devices. Inefficient waste management practices have
In response to this challenge this study proposes an exacerbated the problem, as cleaners often lack visibility into
innovative approach to waste management through the the fill levels of dustbins, leading to inefficiencies in waste
integration of IOT components. The system focuses on collection. To address this inefficiency and enhance waste
real-time monitoring and segregation of dry and wet management effectiveness, we have introduced the Smart
waste using a network of sensors. The system also Dustbin concept, leveraging Arduino microcontrollers and
leverages platform to automate data logging and ultrasonic sensors to accurately detect dustbin fill levels.
notification processes ,ensuring seamless oversight of
waste collection operations. As waste accumulation continues to escalate, public
bins are reaching capacity, leading to overflowing trash and
Our Proposed Intelligent Waste Management cluttered streets within the community. Addressing waste
System employs IOT components such as sensors management intelligently is imperative. SThe proliferation of
,detectors, actuators to optimize waste collection and waste poses substantial health and environmental challenges,
route planning. This integrated IOT-based approach with far-reaching consequences. Waste serves as a breeding
represents a promising avenue for sustainable waste ground for harmful bacteria, insects, and flies, which pose
management in both large and small urban environments serious health risks, including food poisoning, typhoid,
, paving the way for enhanced city livability and gastroenteritis, and salmonella. Insects such as flies are
environmental stewardship. notorious carriers of diseases like malaria and dengue, while
rodents and stray animals thrive in waste, spreading
Keywords:- Segregation, Monitoring, Sensors, Sustainable, additional illnesses in surroundings. Taking into
Stewardship. consideration of all these problems we have come up with a
waste management system which will provide an effective
I. INTRODUCTION solution to waste related problems.

With urban and rural areas witnessing a surge in

population, the issue of solid waste management has become
a global concern, necessitating informed decision-making.
Solid waste emanates from residential, commercial, and
industrial sources, including restaurants, malls, and
construction sites. The adoption of Internet of Things (IoT)
technologies has revolutionized waste management by

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Table 1: References and Key Findings

Reference Key Findings
Namratha A M, Dr. Manjula This paper enhances the cleanliness of the smart cities by the practical application of
G (2021) “Automatic waste management and segregation system using IOT”.This proposed
system is an effective waste segregation system that has no human intervention or
interference to separate dry and wet waste.
Pushpa Singh, They’re proposed frameworkhave developed a concept to segregate and manage
Murari Kumar Singh (2020) household wastage using IoT and machine learning. They have taken three parameters
for monitoring and analysis of a dustbin. They have used ultrasonic sensor and MQ4
sensor to monitor the dustbin Status.
Rishabh Kumar Singhvi, This Smart system provides the filling status of dustbin using message and it will save
Ritesh Kumar Saraswat time, fuel and money of Municipal Corporation.
(2019)
Megha S. Chaudhari, - Improper disposal and improper maintenance of domestic waste create issues in public
Vaishali Raut (2019) health and environment pollution thus this paper attempts to provide practical solution
towards managing the waste collaborating it with the use of IOT

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR2236

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM onto a suitable platform, such as a prototype board or

Bread board. Proper wiring and connections are
The proposed Intelligent Waste Management System established to ensure reliable communication and
aims to revolutionize traditional waste management practices operation of all components. Mounting the touch sensor
by leveraging IoT sensors to monitor waste bins in real-time, in a strategic location within the waste bin to detect when
provide accurate fill level data, and enable efficient waste is placed on it.
segregation of waste into dry and wet categories. This system  Software Development: The firmware for the Arduino
utilizes IoT technology integrated with Arduino Uno Uno is developed to incorporate logic for waste
microcontrollers, moisture sensors, GSM and GPS modules segregation, fill level monitoring, and communication
to achieve these objectives. with the GSM module. Implement algorithms to process
data from the moisture sensor to categorize waste into dry
The primary idea behind this project is to address the and wet categories. Configure the touch sensor to trigger
inefficiencies and challenges faced in conventional waste the system when waste is placed on it, initiating the
management systems. Traditional methods often rely on segregation process. Program the ultrasonic sensor to
scheduled waste collection routines, leading to either measure the fill level of waste bins and trigger alerts when
overflowing bins or inefficient use of resources due to thresholds are reached. Integrate the GSM module to send
premature collections. alert SMS to designated authorities when overflow or
maintenance issues are detected. Additionally, software
Additionally, lack of segregation at the source results in for receiving and processing SMS alerts sent by the GSM
lower recycling rates and increased environmental pollution module is developed on the authority's end.
and public health diseases. By employing IoT sensors to  System Testing and Optimization: The assembled
continuously monitor the fill levels of waste bins and system undergoes field testing in real-world conditions to
segregate waste based on moisture content, the proposed evaluate its performance and reliability. Any issues or
system aims to optimize waste collection routes, minimize discrepancies encountered during testing are addressed
overflow incidents, and improve recycling efforts. through software adjustments or hardware modifications.
Furthermore, real-time monitoring of the condition of waste Optimization techniques may be employed to enhance the
bins enables timely maintenance and repairs, ensuring their system's efficiency and accuracy based on field test
functionality and longevity. results.
 Field Deployment and Evaluation: Deploy the system
 The Implementation of the Proposed Intelligent Waste in real-world waste management settings to assess its
Management System Offers Several Significant Benefits: effectiveness and practicality. Monitor system
performance over an extended period, collecting data on
 Efficient Resource Allocation: By providing accurate waste fill levels, segregation accuracy, maintenance
and up-to-date data on fill levels, the system enables waste alerts, and GPS tracking. Gather feedback from waste
management authorities to optimize collection routes and management authorities and endusers to identify areas for
schedules, leading to reduced fuel consumption and improvement and optimization.
operational costs.
 Environmental Sustainability: Segregating waste By following this methodology, the Intelligent Waste
into dry and wet categories facilitates efficient recycling Management System can be effectively implemented,
and composting processes, thereby reducing landfill providing accurate waste monitoring, segregation, and
usage and minimizing environmental pollution. maintenance capabilities to improve overall waste
 Improved Public Health: Timely maintenance and management processes.
repairs of waste bins prevent issues such as overflowing
or damaged bins, which can attract pests and pose health V. SYSTEM DESIGNS
hazards to the public.
 Arduino Uno
IV. METHODOLOGY

 Sensor Calibration and Testing: Every particular

sensors which are touch, moisture, ultrasonic, GSM, and
GPS are calibrated and tested individually to ensure
accurate readings and proper individual functionality.
 Integration with Arduino Uno: Once calibrated, the
sensors are integrated with the Arduino Uno
microcontroller using jump wires. The Arduino
Uno firmware is programmed to receive data from the
sensors, process it, and control the servo motor and GSM
module based on predefined algorithms and thresholds.
 Hardware Assembly: The sensors, Arduino Uno, servo
motor, GSM module, and GPS module are assembled Fig 1: Arduino Uno

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR2236

The Arduino serves as a processing unit for the  Moisture Sensor for Waste Segregation
embedded intelligent waste management system. This will be
used for controlling and coordinating the operation of all
sensors and actuators. The Arduino collects data from various
sensors and then processes it to make decisions regarding
waste segregation and bin maintenance.

 Touch Sensor

Fig 4: Moisture Sensor for Waste Segregation-

Moisture sensor is employed to assess the moisture

content of the waste. It is used to check the water content from
the waste placed on it and helps the waste to fall in right bin
which categorizes them into dry waste and wet waste. This
categorization facilitates efficient recycling and composting
Fig 2: Touch Sensor processes.

The touch sensor detects when waste is placed in the  Servo Motor for Waste Separation
bins. It serves as a trigger mechanism to initiate the waste The servo motor is employed to mechanically separate
segregation process upon waste deposition. dry waste from wet waste. It rotates in the certain direction
along the specified waste category. The servo motor receives
 Ultrasonic Sensor for Fill Level Monitoring instructions from the Arduino uno and rotates in the
respective direction ensuring proper segregation process.

Fig 3: Ultrasonic Sensor for Fill Level Monitoring

An Ultrasonic Sensor is used to determine the fill level

of garbage in the dustbin. It determine current status of the
dustbin. It provides real-time date on the fill level by
detecting the distance from the top of the bin to the waste Fig 5: Servo Motor for Waste Separation
surface. This data is crucial for scheduling timely waste
collection and preventing overflowing bins.

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR2236

 GSM Module for Alerting Authorities

Fig 8: System Design

Fig 6: GSM Module for Alerting Authorities

In the System design of this project the Arduino Uno is
The GSM module is integrated to enable the central control unit of the system which is responsible for
communication with waste management authorities. When data collection, processing, and control of actuators. It serves
the fill level of a bin reaches a predetermined threshold, the as the brain of the system, coordinating the operation of all
Arduino Uno triggers the GSM module to send an alert SMS sensors and actuators. The Moisture Sensor measures the
to the designated authority. This ensures prompt action to moisture content of the waste placed in the bins. Based on the
empty bins before they overflow, maintaining cleanliness and moisture level detected, the waste is categorized into dry and
preventing environmental pollution. wet waste. This enables efficient segregation for recycling
and composting processes. Touch Sensor is placed within the
 GPS Module for Location Tracking waste bin, the touch sensor detects when waste is deposited.
It acts as a trigger mechanism to initiate the waste segregation
process upon waste deposition. The servo motor is
responsible for mechanically separating dry and wet waste
into their respective bins. Upon receiving instructions from
the Arduino Uno, the servo motor rotates to direct the waste
into the appropriate bins, ensuring proper segregation. The
Ultrasonic sensor measures the fill level of waste bins by
detecting the distance from the top of the bin to the waste
surface. It provides real-time data on fill levels, enabling
waste management authorities to schedule timely collections
and prevent overflow incidents. Integrated for
communication with waste management authorities, the GSM
module sends alert SMS to designated authorities when the
fill level of a bin reaches a predefined threshold or
maintenance is required. This facilitates prompt action and
maintenance based on the alert message received. The GPS
module allocates the location of the waste bins, providing
accurate positioning of the waste bin. It enables waste
management authorities to precisely locate each bin, optimize
Fig 7: GPS Module for Location Tracking collection routes, and ensure equitable access to waste
disposal facilities.
The GPS module is incorporated to provide accurate
location data of the waste bins. It enables waste management
authorities to precisely locate each bin, facilitating efficient
collection routes and logistics planning. Additionally, the
GPS data aids in monitoring the distribution of bins across
different areas, ensuring equitable access to waste disposal
facilities.

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR2236

VI. RESULT

Fig 9: Front View Fig 10: Side view

Fig 11: Dry Waste Detection

Fig 12: Wet Waste Detection Fig 13: SMS Received

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR2236

VII. CONCLUSION

It represents a significant step towards creating a more

efficient and environmentally conscious waste disposal
system. By employing a combination of sensors,
microcontrollers, and communication modules, we have
successfully developed a system that automates waste
segregation and notifies the authorities when the bins are full.
Through rigorous testing and calibration, we have
demonstrated the system's capability to accurately
differentiate between dry and wet waste. The integration of a
servo motor for automated bin lids ensures a seamless and
user-friendly experience for waste disposal. One of the key
highlights of this project is the implementation of a GSM
module, which enables real-time communication with the
server. This functionality greatly enhances the efficiency of
waste management operations, allowing for timely responses
to fill level notifications. In conclusion, the "Intelligent

Waste Management using IoT" project not only

showcases the power of IoT technology in addressing critical
environmental challenges but also lays the foundation for
more sustainable waste management practices.

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