ARDUINO AND IOT BASED CHILD MONITORING

SYSTEM USING GSM MODULE

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K.GOWTHAM SAI SIVA GOPAL
ECE Dept.
LBRCE, MYLAVARAM, India
Email: [email protected], [email protected]
Besides this, the system will also notify the
Abstract— This paper presents a design of a parents about the abnormal situation so that
Baby Monitoring System based on the GSM
network. A prototype is developed which they can take appropriate steps accordingly.
gives a reliable and efficient baby The system will help the parents to take care of
monitoring system that can play a vital role
in providing better infant care. This system their child not only when they are at home but
monitor vital parameters such as also when they are at the office or outside their
temperature, pulse rate, moisture condition, home. this system will provide peace of mind
movement of an infant and using GSM to parents when they are away from their
network this information is transferred to
their parents. Measurements of this vital infant as they can obtain the updates of health
parameters can be done and under risk of baby. Communication is done by GSM
situation conveyed to the parents with alarm interface in which Short Messaging Service
triggering system to initiate the proper (SMS) is a fundamental part.
control actions. The system architecture
consist of sensors for monitoring vital
parameters, LCD screen, GSM interface Earlier the manual participation was required
and a sound buzzer all controlled by a single for monitoring babies which was a tedious job.
AURDINO. The output display is With the advancement in technology, various
corresponded to temperature and smoke different types of baby monitoring systems
level and wet level and sound level. The were introduced such as Sound Monitors
devices are tested for accuracy and which included the use of transmitter and
reliability receiver to transmit the voice of baby to its
Keywords- Baby monitoring, vital parents. The main drawback of this system was
parameters, microcontroller, GSM that the device was capable of transmitting the
network. voice only in one direction that is from baby to
I. INRODUCTION its parents but not vice versa.Another system
that used Video Monitors displayed the video
In India, both the parents need to work and of baby‟s live activities continuously to
look after their infant, so more workload and parents. The problem with the above systems
stress is there in such families, especially on was that they were inefficient to take
female counterparts. Increasing female appropriate care of the baby as they either used
participation in various work fields have given video or audio which was inefficient to provide
rise to a need where the proper information and parameters of
Women have to take care of their family and at baby's health. Usually, when a young baby
the same time handle the work pressure. cries, the cause is one of the following things
Subsequently, infant care has become a i.e. they are hungry, tired, not feeling well or
challenge to many families in their daily life. need their diaper changed. So we developed a
Mother always worries about the well being of prototype which can monitor the activities of
her baby while working. In order to tackle this, the babies and/or infants along with finding
a “Baby Monitoring System” can be developed one of the above causes and give this
which would help the parents to track the information to their parents. This proposed
infant‟s health and also obtain continuous system focus on the information that it receives
updates of health. from sensors which would be helpful to
maintain health of a baby by transmitting
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information. The Text messages are sent to actions. The system architecture consists of
parents in order to provide the live updates of sensors for monitoring vital parameters, LCD
baby's health and thus overcome the screen, GSM interface and a sound buzzer
drawbacks of the above-mentioned systems. which are controlled by a single
microcontroller core. [4]
Octavian Dospinescu et al. Implementing
II. LITERATURE SURVEY Monitoring Systems in Mobile Applications a
Andre G. Ferreira et al. A Smart Wearable
Case Study, this case study is presented for a
System for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
monitoring system using the Android platform
Monitoring, SIDS i.e. Sudden Infant Death
and the benefits of computer Networks. The
Syndrome is one of the major causes of death
power of mobile sockets and mobile threads is
among infants during sleep. The wearable IoT
integrated into a complex architecture in order
device is a wireless sensor node integrated into
to obtain a real monitoring system. As an
a chest belt, and it monitors parameters such as
immediate application, a baby monitoring
body temperature, heart and breathing rates
system is proposed where children could be
and body position. If a critical event occurs,
remotely supervised by their parents. The case
the device will trigger an alarm, visible and
study is based on Android mobile client-server
audible in the proximity and sends a distress
architecture and also uses the capabilities
message to a mobile application. [1]
offered by the phones speaker and microphone.
Mairo Leier et al. Miniaturized Wireless
[5]
Monitor for Long-term Monitoring of
Newborns, Wireless infant monitoring system V.Ramya et al. Embedded Patient Monitoring
is a small size wearable sensor platform. In this System, the condition of patient in ICU can be
paper; they proposed a monitoring system that informed to the doctor through wireless. In
detects the most important vital signals of baby medical professionals, it is necessary to
and transmits results over a wireless link to the continuously monitor the condition of patient
control device that could be any Smartphone. to track their health and understand various
By measuring the raw signals, it is possible to parameters. A device is introduced which can
use this system in different, possible life monitor continually and do the data logging
threatening situations during long-term without any interruptions. Moreover, in the
monitoring. [2] critical condition, an alarm could be raised and
Angelo M. Fonseca et al. A Sudden Infant concerned doctor is notified using SMS. [6]
Death Prevention System for Babies, the G. Rajesh et al. Baby Monitoring System
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is an Using Wireless Sensor Networks, sudden death
expert diagnosis when an apparently healthy of an infant during sleep which remains
baby dies unexplained even after death investigation is
due to some imperceptible cause. This paper marked by SIDS. This system provides
proposes a mobile solution based on solutions by making a smart crib using WSN
biofeedback monitoring that tries to prevent i.e. Wireless Sensor Networks and Smart
the sudden death of infants. When an issue is phones. The service of visual monitoring is
detected by this system, it sends a warning to also be provided through live video. The alert
parents. Mobile devices are used to process the services can be provided by making use of
sensed data and monitoring baby and fencing of the crib. Also, monitoring services
performing alerts/ warnings when an abnormal can be delivered by temperature reading,
situation is detected. [3] vaccine reminder and weight monitoring etc.
Savita P. Patil et al. Intelligent Baby [7]
Monitoring System, this system monitors vital Yedu Manmadhan et al. Remote Patient
parameters such as body temperature, pulse Monitoring System, this paper provides an
rate, moisture condition and movement of an image-based techniques to acquire and analyze
infant. By using GSM network, this a constant streaming of ECG signal through the
information is transferred to their parents. digital camera for image capturing,
Measurements of these vital parameters can be
information extraction and analysis performed
done and under risk situations, this information
using MATLAB tools as well as data sending
is conveyed to the parents with alarm
system based on Internet network. This method
triggering system to initiate the proper control
captures the vital signs and parameters from
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the ICU monitoring machine using web camera III. SYSTEM ARCITECHTURE
and transmits the image through the Internet.
This original image is then availed to the The architecture of the system consist of both
consulting doctor via an ANDROID cell hardware and software. Block diagram is as
shown in Fig.1,hardware components were
phone. In case of an anomaly, a notification is
assembled according to the block diagram. The
sent to the doctor's phone. The paper proposes
code is written in embedded C and is burnt into
a method to capture, compare and generate an
the microcontroller
alert regarding the patient's condition using the
heart rate and make the captured image be
available to the physician. [8]
Suresh B et al. Advanced Baby
Care System, constant
Monitoring of the child is necessary especially
up to an age of 18 months. In this, a mobile
robotic device has been designed and
developed which can help a parent to track
their baby and its surroundings without having
to check on the baby every now and then.
Advanced Baby Care System (ABCS) has a
Master Controller (Arduino Mega 2560),
which integrates all the different modules of
the robot by receiving the necessary signals
from the sensor modules and sending signals
to the trigger alarm and the DC motors. It is a
Fig. 1. Block Diagram of Proposed System
microcontroller board based on the The following subsections provide more details of the
ATmega328. This board can be easily components used in our prototype:
interfaced with the CMUCam5 module, used
for tracking, as well as other sensors which are
being used in the project. ABCS is an Temperature Sensor
intelligent, baby friendly system, which Human body needs special type of sensors for
integrates many functions into a single device, reliable readings which led to the choice of
automatically alerting the parent when it is using the LM35 temperature sensors in our
necessary and allowing them to carry on with prototype[1,6]. It operates at 3 to 5 V and can
their activities uninterrupted. [9] measure temperature in the range of - 40 C to
Chanakya Mothukuri et al. Patient Monitoring +125 C which is sufficient for the targeted
System, in present days, real-time monitoring body temperature range .It is having linear
of the physical condition of the patients is one response and easy conditioning. The sensor's
of the major challenges faced by hospital output is an analog DC voltage signal which is
authorities. Here, a Patient monitoring system read by the microcontroller using an analog pin
is implemented which will be one of the major linked to an ADC. The ADC used has a
improvements in the hospitals. All the resolution of l0-bits, 1024 levels, with a
hospitals today have the monitoring systems sample rate of 9600 Hz and input voltage range
which are wired. Also, human intervention is depending on the ground and Vee. The output
needed frequently for critical patients. In this voltage of the LM35 is analog and in the linear
proposed system i.e. PMS (Patient Monitoring range of -1 V to 6 V with accuracy of ±0.5 °C
System) is operated wirelessly. This wireless can be converted from volts to degrees of
patient monitoring system in this paper Celsius and Fahrenheit .
measures heartbeat, body temperature and The placement of sensors is also important for
percentage of oxygen in the blood. This paper accurate measurements. In our prototype it is
discusses the design and development of a placed in the socks of an infant wrapped in
low-cost apparatus which uses GSM cotton so that no irritation made.
technology for monitoring the health condition The temp sensor and actual readings are listed
of the patient. [10] in table below:

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 The components used are 5mm photodiode and
TABLE I
Actual Temp ( 5mm light emitting diode. The system consist
Serial 0
C) Practical of IR transmitter and receiver, high pass filter
No Temp(0C ) ,amplifier and comparator .By using this circuit
1 32 36.1 component biological signal in mill volt is
2 31 35.6 converted to larger magnitude about one to two
3 32.5 36.7 volt and then send it to the microcontroller.
4 33 37.2

B. Pulse Rate Sensor

Fig. 1. Block Diagram of Proposed System Fig. 2. Pulse Rate Sensor

Circuit
The following subsections provide more
details of the components used in our
prototype: Fig. 3. Moisture Detection Circuit
subject. Pulse rate signal is applied to the Non-
inverting input terminal as shown in Fig. For detection of urine ,transistor as a switch
2.Voltage gain of Non Inverting amplifier is circuit is used as shown in Fig.3 When urine is
given by Equation 1+ Rf/R1. present switch is closed transistor turns on.
When urine is absent switch is open, transistor
Gain=1+ 180/1=181. turns off.
This amplified signal is given to comparator D. Motion Sensor
circuit where voltage divider circuit is used.
Voltage at non-inverting input is compared An accelerometer is an electromechanical
with reference voltage and whatever voltage is device that will measure acceleration forces.
generated is applied to the base of transistor. These forces may be static, like the constant
There is a 100 Ohm resistor at the base of force of gravity pulling at our feet, or they
transistor used to limit the current flowing to could be dynamic - caused by moving or
the base of transistor. As soon as the voltage vibrating the accelerometer. By measuring the
across this resistor increases beyond 0.7V the amount of static acceleration due to gravity,
transistor turns ON and at the output we get 0v one can find out the angle the device is tilted at
and the LED D2 glows. with respect to the earth. By
sensing the amount of dynamic acceleration,
The pulse-rate sensor and actual readings are one can analyze the way the device is moving.
listed in table below: Accelerometers use the piezoelectric effect -
TABLE II they contain microscopic crystal structures that
get stressed by accelerative forces, which
Serial Actual pulse Practical pulse cause a voltage to be generated. The three axis
No rate rate accelerometer are basically used to identify the
1 72 78 movements across the three axis i.e. x-axis, y-
2 66 72
3 70 76 axis, z-axis. The accelerometer used in this
4 54 60 system is ADXL335, [20] which is small low
profile package, can measure minimum full
scale range of +/- 3g as shown in Fig.4.In this
C. Moisture Detection Sensor
way movement of an infant is monitored by
To determine the moisture condition i.e. urine placing accelerometer properly. It is positioned
detection ,two pairs of copper electrodes are in the socks of an infant so accurate motion
placed under the cloth on which baby is will be detected.
sleeping. The signal obtained is given to
microcontroller.

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E. LCD screen GSM module is provided by SIM uses the
mobile service provider and send SMS to the
In our prototype 16 X 2 LCD module is used.
respective authorities as per programmed. This
It has 2 rows and 16 column therefore total 32
technology enable the system a wireless
characters are displayed. It has two operation
system with no specified range limits. In this
modes, one uses all 8 pins and the other uses
way, whenever the safe range of the vital
only 4 of them. The 4-bit mode was used to
parameter of an infant is violated, the
manage the LCD screen. All sensor output is
displayed continuously as it is being programmed microcontroller produces an
measured. alarm and GSM Modem interfaced with the
microcontroller sends an alert SMS to the
F. GSM Module parent's mobile number deploying wireless
GSM (Global System for Mobile technology.
communication) is a digital mobile telephony
system. With the help of GSM module G. Controller
interfaced, we can send short text messages to The PIC 18f4520 is an 8-bit microcontroller,
the required authorities as per the application. which has an on-chip eight channel 10-bit
Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC).The
amplified and conditioned sensor signals are
fed to the microcontroller.

Pulse rate will be measured from the finger

using optical sensors and displayed on the
LCD. The transmitter-sensor pair is clipped on
one of the fingers of the
A. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

In this paper, the proposed methodology, tries to

overcome the limitations of the earlier system.
It mainly consists of sensors, hardware unit, cloud
server and parent's application. The following
diagram shows how these all element interact
with each other.

The system will take two inputs from the sensors which
are pulse rate and oxygen level. Signal conditioner will
be used for signal conditioning that will maintain originality
of signal required for next stage of processing thus by
eliminating noise for proper data acquisition.

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 IV. SOFTWARE DETAILS
After the processing of the signals which are got from
the sensors,  They are converted into digital if
necessary and are given to a decision algorithm which
is previously written in the form of code and it is
stored in the memory of a microcontroller.  These
signals are compared with the standard statistics of a
normal standard values.  Hence the continuous
inspection of the patient which is in the intensive care
unit is done using indicators and sensors. The output
of the sensors, indirectly or in some form are
connected to indicators. If the patient is in good health
condition, then the indicator will display “BABY IS
NORMAL”, otherwise it will display “BABY IS
ABNORMAL.  It should be noted that: If the patient
is normal, then no warning/alert messages are sent to
the doctor; otherwise the doctor receives alert
messages which indicate him to attend the patient Fig. 8. LCD displaying Infant's Urine
immediately detection condition
V. RESULTS
The system was tested carefully on an infant, the
results found to be same as the one's measured by
standard instrument. While testing this system on an
infant parent's concern was considered. During the
execution of the system snapshots of the display
were taken. The system being a complete hardware
design and the data available on cell phone and
LCD display have been captured. Test results of the
system are given below, shows successful
implementation of the system. Fig.5 and Fig.6
shows hardware module and the actual implemented
system.Fig.7,8,9 shows a sample readings of infant
onto the LCD attached to the module on an infant's
side. The reading were matched to the readings
taken by standard instrument and found to be
same.Fig.10 and Fig.11 shows message received on
parent's cell phone when some abnormal condition
exists. Message shows temperature is high and
moisture condition exists.

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Results displayed when smoke sensor gets
activated

Results displayed when wet sensor gets activated

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