Spinning Drop Tensiometer – SITE100 / SITE100HS

with SpinningDropAnalysis software

User Manual
V3-07

© KRÜSS GmbH, Hamburg 2003-2015

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

Contents page 1

Contents

1 General information .................................................................................. 5

1.1 General safety information ................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Intended use and application restrictions .................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Procedure if repairs should be necessary ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Technical customer support............................................................................................................................................... 7

2 SITE100 – Overview ................................................................................... 8

2.1 Measuring principle............................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 General view ............................................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.3 The measuring cell (with standard dosing unit DO1500) ...................................................................................... 9
2.4 The optical system ...............................................................................................................................................................10

2.4.1 Camera inclination .......................................................................................................................................................10

2.4.2 Distance lock ..................................................................................................................................................................10
2.4.3 Horizontal alignment of the camera with the capillary ................................................................................11

2.5 The platform ...........................................................................................................................................................................11

2.6 Regulators (rotating speed and brightness) .............................................................................................................12
2.7 The inlet bushing ..................................................................................................................................................................12

3 Setting up and commissioning.......................................................... 13

3.1 Opening the transport packing and checking the scope of supply ................................................................13
3.2 Location and ambient conditions ..................................................................................................................................13
3.3 Connectors and connections ...........................................................................................................................................14

3.3.1 Power supply .................................................................................................................................................................14

3.3.2 Connecting the camera .............................................................................................................................................14
3.3.3 Connecting the computer ........................................................................................................................................14
3.3.4 Connecting the thermostat ......................................................................................................................................15

3.4 Filling the thermostat .........................................................................................................................................................15

3.5 Preparing the standard dosing unit DO1500 ............................................................................................................15

3.5.1 Fitting the cylinder .......................................................................................................................................................15

3.5.2 Preparing the measuring cell ..................................................................................................................................17

3.6 Lens ............................................................................................................................................................................................18

4 SpinningDropAnalysis software ........................................................ 20

4.1 Software installation ............................................................................................................................................................20
4.1.1 Important notes for installation .............................................................................................................................20
4.1.2 .NET Framework 4 ........................................................................................................................................................20

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page 2 Contents

4.1.3 Microsoft Visual C++..................................................................................................................................................20

4.1.4 UEye camera driver .....................................................................................................................................................21
4.1.5 SpinningDropAnalysis software .............................................................................................................................23

4.2 General working procedure .............................................................................................................................................24

4.3 Software startup ...................................................................................................................................................................25
4.4 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................................................26
4.4.1 Menu and toolbar ........................................................................................................................................................27
4.4.2 Elements shown in the video image ....................................................................................................................28
4.4.3 Items for controlling the instrument ....................................................................................................................28
4.4.4 Database overview (measurements and calibrations) ..................................................................................29
4.4.5 Tab for measurement parameters and data (Settings, Table, Chart) ..................................................29

4.5 Databases ................................................................................................................................................................................29

4.5.1 Creating a database ....................................................................................................................................................29

4.5.2 Opening a database ....................................................................................................................................................30

4.6 Parameters for measurements and calibrations (Settings tab) ........................................................................30

4.6.1 Measurement parameters ........................................................................................................................................31
4.6.2 Calibration parameters ..............................................................................................................................................34

4.7 Region of Interest (ROI) .....................................................................................................................................................35

4.8 Instrument control ...............................................................................................................................................................36

4.8.1 Rotating speed ..............................................................................................................................................................36

4.8.2 Switching the camera live image on and off (SpinningDropAnalysis software) ................................38

4.9 Starting/stopping a measurement or calibration ....................................................................................................38

4.9.1 Series of measurements (Sequence) ...................................................................................................................38
4.9.2 Single measurement (Manual) ..............................................................................................................................39

4.10 Managing and displaying the results ...........................................................................................................................39

4.10.1 Saving data .....................................................................................................................................................................39
4.10.2 Selecting a measurement or calibration for viewing .....................................................................................39
4.10.3 Changing parameters for recalculating the results ........................................................................................39
4.10.4 Data table (Table tab) ................................................................................................................................................40
4.10.5 Chart (Chart tab) .........................................................................................................................................................41
4.10.6 Deleting a measurement or calibration ..............................................................................................................41
4.10.7 Producing the report ..................................................................................................................................................41
4.10.8 Opening a saved image.............................................................................................................................................42

5 Setting the temperature ....................................................................... 43

5.1 Safety instructions ................................................................................................................................................................43
5.2 Procedure ................................................................................................................................................................................43

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Contents page 3

6 Carrying out a calibration (determining the image scale) ...... 44

6.1 Usability of the calibration for a measurement .......................................................................................................44
6.2 Preparations ...........................................................................................................................................................................44
6.3 Measuring the image scale ..............................................................................................................................................47

7 Carrying out a measurement ............................................................. 49

7.1 Filling the measuring cell with the bulk phase (standard dosing unit DO1500) ........................................49

7.1.1 Safety note ......................................................................................................................................................................49

7.1.2 Avoiding air bubbles ...................................................................................................................................................49
7.1.3 Filling procedure ..........................................................................................................................................................49

7.2 Dispensing drops and running the measurement (standard dosing unit DO1500) .................................52

8 Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample quantities (optional) . 54

8.1 Conversion (when the standard dosing unit DO1500 is mounted) .................................................................54
8.2 Preparing the dosing unit .................................................................................................................................................55
8.3 Filling the capillary ...............................................................................................................................................................56
8.4 Dosing the drop and running the measurement ....................................................................................................56

9 Cleaning and maintenance ................................................................. 58

9.1 Cleaning procedures ...........................................................................................................................................................58
9.1.1 Cleaning the cylinder ..................................................................................................................................................58
9.1.2 Cleaning the capillary .................................................................................................................................................58
9.1.3 Cleaning and drying the bushings ........................................................................................................................60

9.2 Replacing the septum.........................................................................................................................................................62

9.2.1 Standard dosing unit DO1500 ................................................................................................................................62

9.2.2 Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample volumes ..............................................................................................62

9.3 Changing the gasket sleeves ...........................................................................................................................................63

9.4 Replacing thermostat tubes and removing oil .........................................................................................................64

9.4.1 Safety instructions .......................................................................................................................................................64

9.4.2 Replacing tubes ............................................................................................................................................................64
9.4.3 Removing oil from the SITE100 ..............................................................................................................................65

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

 page 4 Contents

Appendix ......................................................................................................... 66
I Computer requirements ....................................................................................................................................................66

II Technical data ........................................................................................................................................................................66

III Copyright and right to make alterations ....................................................................................................................67

IV Warranty and caveat emptor ...........................................................................................................................................67

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

General information page 5

1 General information

1.1 General safety information

As well as this general safety information, please follow the safety instructions in the
remainder of the manual text.
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If the SITE100 and its accessories are not used in accordance with this manual, the
effectiveness of safety measures provided can be impaired.
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The SITE100 is intended for use in a laboratory or pilot plant station. The general safety rules
for working in a laboratory environment apply to work carried out with the SITE100.
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The SITE100 may only be used by trained personnel.

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When carrying out measurements with hazardous substances the safety regulations and, if
available, information in the appropriate safety data sheets must be taken into account when
handling such substances.
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Do not use the SITE100 in explosion-proof areas.

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The controls of the SITE100 and a connected computer must not be operated when wearing
protective gloves, which have already been used for handling hazardous materials.
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Do not use the SITE100 if the unit is obviously damaged.

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Disconnect the SITE100 from the power supply immediately if there is any damage to the
electronics, if liquids are spilled over the SITE100 or if there is an escape of tempering
medium.
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Do not use toxic or highly corrosive liquids, such as acids or bases, for the bulk phase.
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! Handle all glass parts and optical parts with care. Do not touch them with fingers or with
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sharp objects.

1.2 Intended use and application restrictions

 The SITE100 is intended only for measuring the interfacial tension between two liquids.
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 Intended use includes the exclusive use of accessories supplied by KRÜSS or substitutes with
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an identical design in the case of disposable accessories.

 Only use the lubricating oil supplied by KRÜSS or a chemically equivalent oil for the
thermostat liquid.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 6 General information

 The measuring cell is designed for measurements with an aqueous bulk phase and an
organic liquid as the drop phase.

! Do not use alcohols (e.g. methanol, ethanol or propanol) or esters (e.g. acetic acid ethyl
ester) for the bulk phase or rinsing liquid. Do not fill the measuring cell with strong acids
or bases.

 For measurements with corrosive saline solutions (e.g. brine) as the bulk phase, please
read the cleaning instructions in Chapter 9.1.3.

 As well as not being resistant to acids and bases, some components which are not part of
the measuring cell are also not resistant to organic solvents. KRÜSS does not accept any
guarantee for damage due to escape or spillage of such liquids. The same applies to
damage due to corrosive vapors.

 The SITE100 can be operated at temperatures above 0° C and below 100° C. KRÜSS shall not
be liable for any damage caused by measurements carried out outside this range.
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1.3 Procedure if repairs should be necessary

Contact KRÜSS

 Contact KRÜSS customer support.

 If you did not obtain the measuring instrument directly from KRÜSS but from a dealer,
please contact your dealer first. He may be able to rectify the damage. If not, contact
KRÜSS customer support directly.

 You will be given a repair number. Please quote this number in your covering letter when
you dispatch the unit.

Send us the measuring instrument or accessories

! Do not dispatch the measuring instrument or accessories without consulting KRÜSS

customer support.

 Components which are not directly affected by the damage may also have to be sent
with the unit. KRÜSS customer support will advise you on the necessary scope of the
shipment.

! Remove liquids (e.g. samples, temperature control liquid) completely from the instrument
and the accessories.

! Clean the unit or accessories before dispatch. This applies particularly if there is
contamination due to hazardous substances.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

General information page 7

! Use the original packaging to pack the instrument or accessories. If you no longer have the
original packaging, it must be ordered from KRÜSS at the customer’s expense.

! Pack all components separately which were packed separately when the unit was supplied.
Do not dispatch the unit in the assembled state.

! If the instrument or accessories were provided with transportation locks, refit these before
shipping.

! Use box-in-box packaging.

 Our customer support department will be pleased to advise you regarding the proper
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packaging.

1.4 Technical customer support

If your KRÜSS product should not word as expected, please consult our technical customer
support. You can contact them at:

KRÜSS GmbH
Technical customer support
Tel: +49 040/514401-55
Fax: +49 040/514401-98
E-mail: [email protected]
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KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 8 SITE100 – Overview

2 SITE100 – Overview
The SITE100 Spinning Drop Tensiometer is a software-controlled instrument for measuring low
interfacial tensions.

2.1 Measuring principle

When a heavy bulk phase and a light drop phase are situated in a rotating capillary, the drop
radius perpendicular to the axis of rotation depends on the interfacial tension between the
phases , the angular frequency of rotation  and the density difference between the two
phases ( H - L ).

For a given capillary rotating speed and with known densities of the two phases, the interfacial
tension can be calculated from the measured drop diameter d (=2r). At the same time, the
length of the drop L along the axis of rotation must be at least 4 times the drop diameter
( L  4d ).

Drop shape analysis

The drop is illuminated from one side and recorded with a camera from the opposite side. The
SpinningDropAnalysis software determines the drop diameter from the drop image.

The image scale is determined with the help of a reference wire. This must be known in order to
calculate the actual drop diameter from the pixel height of the drop image.

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SITE100 – Overview page 9

2.2 General view

Rotating Illumination
Measuring speed regulator
cell with regulator Cylinder with
capillary heavy phase

Heavy phase
outlet
Tap

Lens
Ventilation

Syringe guide
(drop dosing)

Heavy phase
inlet

Focus

Horizontal
camera position

Camera
Inclination
Platform
inclination

Inclination
2.3 The measuring cell (with standard dosing unit DO1500)

A capillary, which is open on the inlet and outlet side, is filled with the heavy bulk phase.
The temperature of the measuring cell, inside which the capillary rotates, is controlled by means
of oil; this also serves as a lubricant for the rotating parts.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 10 SITE100 – Overview

2.4 The optical system

Camera
Lens

Lens distance
(focus)
Camera lock

Distance lock Camera

inclination

2.4.1 Camera inclination

For measurements and calibrations, the camera inclination should be adjusted so that the image
of the drop or reference wire is in the center of the image.

2.4.2 Distance lock

When the setting of the focus is complete, the lens distance can be fixed with the help of the
distance lock.

unlocked locked

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SITE100 – Overview page 11

2.4.3 Horizontal alignment of the camera with the capillary

 This step is best carried out as part of the calibration ( Chapter 6) and is only necessary if
the calibration wire does not appear horizontally in the image.

1. Focus on the calibration wire.

2. Unlock the camera locking screw ( Chapter 2.4).

3. Turn the camera so that the edges in focus are exactly aligned horizontally in the image.

4. Fix the camera.

2.5 The platform

Camera position
along the
measuring cell

Platform
inclination

 The camera can be moved along the measuring cell window to center the drop in the field
platform
of view.

 The platform can be tilted in order to fill or empty the measuring cell and to position the
dispensed drop.

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page 12 SITE100 – Overview

2.6 Regulators (rotating speed and brightness)

Rotating speed

Brightness

Brightness and rotating speed can be adjusted with the two regulators and with the help of the
SpinningDropAnalysis software.

! Never let the motor run when the measuring cell is dry. The inside of the cell must always be
filled with oil, and the capillary together with the inlet and outlet areas must always be filled
with the heavy phase or with rinsing liquid.

2.7 The inlet bushing

The capillary is filled and the drop dispensed through a septum via the inlet bushing.

Ventilation

Recessed septum

Syringe guide (drop

dosing)

Inlet spout for heavy

phase

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Setting up and commissioning page 13

3 Setting up and commissioning

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3.1 Opening the transport packing and checking the scope

of supply
 Open the transport packing. Check the SITE100 and its accessories for damage during
shipment.

! Please keep the transport packing material, at least the PE foam forms. The transport
packaging is required if the instrument has to be shipped for reparation.

 Use the delivery note provided to check if the supply is complete.

 Please contact KRÜSS or your local dealer without delay if damage during shipment
occurred or if the supply is incomplete.
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3.2 Location and ambient conditions

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For operational safety and accuracy of results the SITE100 must be installed at an adequate
location.

When working with hazardous substances: Locate the SITE100 in a position which is
designed for working with the appropriate hazardous substances.

Set up the SITE100 so that access to the mains connection is unrestricted and the SITE100
can be disconnected from the mains immediately in the event of danger.
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
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Set the unit up in a place where vibrations can be avoided.


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Do not place the instrument in the vicinity of a bright source of light.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 14 Setting up and commissioning

3.3 Connectors and connections

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3.3.1 Power supply

1. Connect the mains cable to the net adapter.

2. Connect the mains plug to a mains outlet (100-240 V AC).

3. Connect the net adapter cable to the Power Supply connector on the back of the SITE100.

!
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Use only the net adapter supplied with the SITE100.

3.3.2 Connecting the camera

 Connect the cable coming from the camera to the Camera connector on the rear of the
SITE100.

3.3.3 Connecting the computer

 Connect the USB connector (PC ) on the rear of the SITE100 to an appropriate port on the
computer.

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KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

Setting up and commissioning page 15

3.3.4 Connecting the thermostat

 Connect the thermostat outlet to the Quick-Lock Thermostat In connector on the back of the
SITE100.

 Connect the thermostat inlet to the Quick-Lock Thermostat Out connector on the back of
the SITE100.

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3.4 Filling the thermostat

 Fill the thermostat with the oil supplied with the instrument.

! Only use lubricating oil for the thermostat liquid. The oil lubricates the seals; without it they
will be damaged!

! Never let the capillary rotate without oil flowing through the measuring cell.

3.5 Preparing the standard dosing unit DO1500

The mounting and operation of the optional DO1510 dosing unit is described in Chapter 8.

3.5.1 Fitting the cylinder

1. Remove the two hexagon socket screws (2.5 mm Allen wrench) from the right-hand side of
the SITE100.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 16 Setting up and commissioning

2. Use the two screws to fix the vertical stand to the side of the housing.

3. Fix the glass cylinder to the stand using the clamp supplied. The tap of the cylinder must lie
above the ventilation spout.

Ventilation spout

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Setting up and commissioning page 17

3.5.2 Preparing the measuring cell

1. Connect the inlet spout of the inlet bushing to the outlet spout of the cylinder using the
shorter of the tubes supplied.

2. Fit a longer tube onto the ventilation spout. Feed the free end upwards along the cylinder.

! The free end must be above the filling level of the cylinder. Otherwise, liquid will spill out
when the tap is opened.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 18 Setting up and commissioning

3. Remove the two inner screws from the inlet bushing of the measuring cell (2.5 mm Allen
wrench).

4. Use the two screws to fix the syringe guide to the inlet bushing.

5. Connect a tube to the outlet spout for the heavy phase.

Feed the free end into a waste container.

3.6 Lens
Two lenses can be used for the SITE100:

 Standard lens CM01; 3× magnification; included in the scope of delivery

 Lens CM02 for small interfacial tensions; 5× magnification; optional

! Calibrations with one lens cannot be used for measurements with the other lens.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

Setting up and commissioning page 19

Changing the lens

! Do not take longer than necessary when changing the lens. Avoid contaminating the lens.

1. Unscrew the fitted lens from the tube of the SITE100.

2. Unscrew the lens to be fitted from the canister. Screw it onto the tube.

3. Screw the lens that has been removed into the canister and keep it protected from dust.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 20 SpinningDropAnalysis software

4 SpinningDropAnalysis software

4.1 Software installation

 You can skip this chapter if the software has already been installed by a KRÜSS engineer.

 For system requirements for the computer please read Appendix I.

4.1.1 Important notes for installation

! The installation of the different components must be carried out in the following sequence:

 .NET Framework 4

 Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable Package

 UEye camera driver

 SpinningDropAnalysis Software

! The installation must be carried out with local administrator rights.

4.1.2 .NET Framework 4

1. Insert the SpinningDropAnalysis-CD.

2. Open the folder SUPPORT  WindowsTools.

Start the program dotNetFx40_Full_x86_X64.exe.

3. Set the tick at I have read and accept the license terms. Click on Install. Click on Finish
when the installation is complete.

4.1.3 Microsoft Visual C++

 Open the folder SUPPORT  WindowsTools. Start the following program:

 for 32 Bit operating system: vcredist_x86.exe

 for 64 Bit operating system: vcredist_x64.exe

 Set the tick at I have read and accept the license terms. Click on Install. When the
installation is complete, click Finish.

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 21

4.1.4 UEye camera driver

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1. Close all running applications with the exception of Explorer.

2. Insert the SpinningDropAnalysis CD.

3. Open the folder SUPPORT  Drivers  uEye x32 (for 32 bit) or x64 (for 64 bit). Start
the exe file contained in the folder.

4. Choose the language for the installation dialogue.

Click on Next.

5. Click on the button.

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page 22 SpinningDropAnalysis software

6. Select the desired installation type from the list box.

 KRÜSS recommends the option Complete.

Click on Next.

7. Confirm the proposed installation folder with Next or choose a different folder with
Change.

8. A name for a program folder is proposed in the Windows start menu. Click on Next to
accept the name or enter a name of your own.

9. Click on Install to start the installation.

If the installation type Complete was selected (step 6): Confirm the temporary disconnection
from the network with OK.

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 23

10. Select the required options for shortcuts and for the quick-start.

Click on Next.

11. Confirm that the computer shall be rebooted. Click on Finish.

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4.1.5 SpinningDropAnalysis software

! The SpinningDropAnalysis software must be installed with local administrator rights.

1. Close all running Windows applications with the exception of Explorer.

2. Insert the SpinningDropAnalysis CD. Select the SpinningDropAnalysis folder. Run the
Setup.exe program.

3. A welcome window will appear. Click

Next.

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page 24 SpinningDropAnalysis software

4. Read the license agreement. Confirm that

you agree with the license conditions by
clicking I agree. Click Next.

5. Choose whether the software is to be

installed under the current user profile
only (Just me) or for all users (Everyone).
Confirm the proposed installation folder
with Next or choose a different folder
using Browse.

6. The installation is started with Next.

7. When installation is complete, click Close.

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4.2 General working procedure

 Calibration: Determination of the image scale based on a reference wire. The image scale is
required in order to calculate the drop diameter in millimeters from the height of the drop in
pixels measured in the image.

1. Create or open a database.

2. Create, carry out and save a calibration.

 Calibrations which have already been carried out can often be used for a planned
measurement.

3. Create a measurement, assign a calibration, carry out and save the measurement.

4. Produce a measurement report.

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 25

4.3 Software startup

 Switch on the SITE100. Connect the USB connector to a USB port on the computer.

 Double-click on the desktop icon

or select SpinningDropAnalysis in the Windows start menu.

Opening the demo database when starting the software for the first time

When the software is started for the first time, a dialog box appears for opening a database. To
make it easier to understand this chapter, KRÜSS recommends that you open the demo
database.

1. Insert the SpinningDropAnalysis CD.

2. Select the folder Support  Examples  Demo Database on the CD in the dialog box for
opening a database.

3. Select the file DemoDB.mdb. Click on OK.

 The database which was last opened will be automatically opened every time you start the
software in future.

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page 26 SpinningDropAnalysis software

4.4 Overview

 The video image shown below does not appear after the demo database has been opened.

1. Menu and toolbar

2. Video image

3. Items for controlling the instrument

4. Database overview (measurements and calibrations)

5. Tab for measurement parameters and raw data

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 27

4.4.1 Menu and toolbar

All functions can be accessed both from the menu bar and from the toolbar. The buttons on the
toolbar are explained below.
Button Function Comment

Selection of interfacial tension measurement

mode.

Selection of calibration mode.

New measurement. Resets parameters in the Active in interfacial

Settings tab for creating a new measurement. tension measurement
mode

New calibration. Resets parameters in the Active in calibration

Settings tab for creating a new calibration. mode.

Save measurement or calibration in the

database.

Print a report of the measurement or

calibration.

Create new database.

Open existing database.

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page 28 SpinningDropAnalysis software

4.4.2 Elements shown in the video image

 Region of Interest, ROI: Evaluation range. Section of the video image defined by the user
which contains areas relevant to the evaluation and excludes possible disruptive areas.
Item Symbol / Display

Camera live image

Camera still image

Loaded image

Region of Interest function

switched off

Region of Interest function

switched on

Region of Interest (if Grey rectangle with four handles

switched on)

Online display of measured

value if appropriate Text at top left of screen

Detected contour of a drop

Orange lines in the image
or calibration wire

4.4.3 Items for controlling the instrument

1. Run/stop measurement

2. Switch camera between live image and still image

3. Slide control for rotating speed

4. Rotating speed reached and rotating speed set

5. Temperature display

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 29

4.4.4 Database overview (measurements and calibrations)

The elements in the open database are displayed at the top right hand side:

 The measurements available when the interfacial tension measuring mode is active.

 The calibrations available when the calibration mode is active.

 When a measurement or calibration is selected, this is shown in orange.

4.4.5 Tab for measurement parameters and data (Settings, Table, Chart)

 When a measurement or calibration has been selected in the database overview, its
parameters and raw data are displayed in the Settings, Table and Chart tabs.

 When a new measurement or calibration is created, its parameters are entered in the
Settings tab. The Table and Chart tabs are then empty.

4.5 Databases

4.5.1 Creating a database

 Click on the button.

 Select the required path. Enter the required file name. Click on OK.

! The image subfolder Image of Test is created in the selected path. Always copy this folder
when copying a database. Otherwise, the images will not be found. It will then not be
possible to change the evaluation retrospectively.

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page 30 SpinningDropAnalysis software

4.5.2 Opening a database

 Click on the button.

 Select the required database. Click on OK.

 The database which was last opened will automatically be opened when the software is
started.

4.6 Parameters for measurements and calibrations (Settings

tab)
The Settings tab contains the parameters for the currently selected measuring mode:

Measurement

Calibration

Viewing parameters of an existing measurement or calibration

The parameters of a measurement or calibration will appear if the measurement or calibration is

selected in the database overview.

 Some parameters can be modified in order to recalculate the interfacial tension or the image
scale ( Chapter 4.10.3).

! The recalculation is carried out immediately after the appropriate parameters have been
modified. Only change the parameters if a recalculation is to be carried out.

Defining parameters for a new measurement or calibration

 For a measurement:

 Click on the button.

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 31

 For a calibration:

 Click on the button.

4.6.1 Measurement parameters

Brightness and contour detection (Device Settings)

 Illumination Intensity: Brightness of the illumination.

 The brightness should be adjusted so that the transition between drop and bulk phase
appears with the maximum possible contrast.

 Alternatively, the brightness can be adjusted with the instrument's Illumination

controller.

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page 32 SpinningDropAnalysis software

 Edge Detection Threshold: Threshold value for contour detection. The threshold defines
the change of greyscale value which is evaluated as a boundary between the drop contour
and its environment.

Bulk phase

Boundary line

Drop

! The drop contour must take up the whole width of the image.

 The detected contour is displayed as an orange line in the video image.

 The default value of 20 which is set after starting the software is usually suitable. The
threshold can be increased if the orange line is very noisy. It can be reduced if the
contour is not detected.

Measurement settings

 Measurement Name: Name of the measurement as displayed in the database overview.

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 33

 Edge Detection: Contour detection mode.

 Auto: Automatic contour detection.

 Manual: Two orange contour lines are placed at the top and bottom edge of the drop
with the help of the mouse.

 Contour detection should be automatic if possible. If the contour is not detected

automatically, first try increasing the image contrast and adjusting the threshold value.

 Timing: Timing mode

 Manual: A single measurement is recorded and attached to the current data table every
time a measurement is started.

 Sequence (for automatic contour detection only): automatic series of measurements.

 Measurement Time (for Sequence only): Total duration of the series of measurements.

 Measurement Interval (for Sequence only): Time interval between measurements.

 Creator: User name.

Phases used (Substance)

Particulars of the drop phase (Drop Phase) and the bulk phase (Bulk Phase) used are provided
here.

 Substance Name

 Density: Density of the substance.

! The set densities of the two phases directly affect the calculated interfacial tension.

 Note: Comments relating to the substance.

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page 34 SpinningDropAnalysis software

Database

The path and file name are displayed here when an item is saved in the database.

Note

Comments relating to the measurement can be entered here.

4.6.2 Calibration parameters

Most calibration parameters are identical with those for a measurement. Only the parameters
which are different are described here.

 Object Diameter: Diameter of the reference wire.

 The diameter is specified in the attached measurement report.

 Calibration Result: Result of the calibration (mean value of image scale)

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 35

4.7 Region of Interest (ROI)

The ROI defines the area of the video image to be evaluated. The ROI can be used for the
following purposes:

 Remove disruptive areas of the video image (e.g. air bubbles or disturbances above or below
the contour lines).

 Limit the width if the drop does not fill the whole of the image or if part of the drop contour
line is curved.

ROI for live measurement or retrospective image evaluation

 With a live measurement, the defined ROI is used for all measuring points.

 With a retrospective image evaluation, the ROI is defined based on a single image but is
used for all images in the measurement. The interfacial tension is redetermined for all
images and the mean value recalculated.

 The ROI is saved together with the raw data.

Defining the ROI

 Click on the button.

A rectangle will appear in the video image.

 Define the ROI using the lines and the corner points.

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page 36 SpinningDropAnalysis software

4.8 Instrument control

4.8.1 Rotating speed

Safety Notes

WARNING
Risk of injury from rotating parts

With the inlet or outlet bushing dismounted, reaching into the housing when the motor rotates
can lead to injury.

 Stop the rotation before dismounting the inlet or outlet bushing of the dosing unit DO1500
or DO1510. Let the motor rotate only when both bushings are mounted again.

 Switch of the SITE100 with the mains switch if no calibration is to be carried out.

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

! Never let the motor run when the measuring cell is dry. The inside of the cell must always be
filled with oil, and the capillary together with the inlet and outlet areas must always be filled
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
with the heavy phase or with rinsing liquid.

! The special dosing unit DO1510 for small sample quantities must be used for rotating
speeds above 7500 rpm ( Chapter 8). The standard dosing unit DO1500 is not designed for
higher rotating speeds.

! Never start the rotation at high speed; start at 1000 rpm and increase the speed step by
step. For commissioning and after cleaning and drying the inlet and outlet bushings, run-in
the motor as described in Chapter 9.1.3.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

SpinningDropAnalysis software page 37

Rotating speed and drop shape

The rotating speed must be chosen to be sufficiently high so that the length of the drop is at
least four times the diameter.

 In practice, the whole length of the drop is not in the image. The rotating speed should be
adjusted so that the outlines are not curved or are only slightly curved.

Adjusting the rotating speed

The following options are available for adjusting the rotating speed:

 With the help of the slide control

 By entering numbers in the text box on the right-hand side and confirming with the <Enter>
key.

 Using the instrument's Rotation Speed regulator.

 The speed reached is displayed in the left-hand text box. It may deviate slightly from the
specified speed.

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page 38 SpinningDropAnalysis software

Maximum rotating speeds

The following maximum rotating speeds are possible:

 SITE100 (standard instrument) 15,000 rpm

 SITE100HS (high-speed instrument): 20,000 rpm

4.8.2 Switching the camera live image on and off (SpinningDropAnalysis software)

Button Function Comment

Live image on. The live image is switched off Inactive when
by clicking the button. measurement running.

Still image off. The live image is switched on

by clicking the button.

4.9 Starting/stopping a measurement or calibration

Button Function Comment

Start a measurement or calibration. Inactive when the live

image is switched off or
when a measurement or
calibration is marked in
the database overview.

Stop measurement (button icon appears after The raw data recorded
a series of measurements has been started). before stopping are
retained.

4.9.1 Series of measurements (Sequence)

 The data recorded during the measurement are collected in the data table.

 A safety prompt appears if a new measurement is started when unsaved data are present.

If the existing data are to be overwritten with the new data: Click on Yes.
If the existing data are to be saved first: Click on No.

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 39

4.9.2 Single measurement (Manual)

A new measurement is attached to the data table every time the button is clicked.

Deleting the contents of the data table

You can delete the contents of the data table in order to reject the raw data which have been
recorded up to now.

 Select the Table tab. Click on the button.

! The data will be deleted without a safety prompt.

4.10 Managing and displaying the results

4.10.1 Saving data

 Click on the button. The measurement or calibration will be saved under the
name entered in the Settings tab.

 The associated video image is saved with each measurement.

4.10.2 Selecting a measurement or calibration for viewing

 Click on the required element in the database overview. The parameters and raw data will be
displayed in the Settings, Table and Chart tabs.

4.10.3 Changing parameters for recalculating the results

Some parameters in the Settings tab can still be modified after the measurement or calibration
has been saved. After making the change, the results will be recalculated without prompting.

! When saving, the previous results will be overwritten by the newly calculated results.

! Defining or changing the ROI also causes the results to be recalculated.

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page 40 SpinningDropAnalysis software

The following parameters can be modified retrospectively:

Calibration

 Calibration Name

 Edge Detection Threshold

 Creator

 Object Diameter

 Substance Name

 Density

Measurement

 Measurement Name

 Edge Detection Threshold

 Creator

 Calibration Data

 Substance Name (Drop und Bulk Phase)

 Density (Drop und Bulk Phase)

 Note

4.10.4 Data table (Table tab)

All raw data of the measurement or calibration are listed in the Table tab.

The arithmetic mean of the interfacial tension or image scale is displayed at the bottom.

Removing measurements from the mean value calculation

You can remove individual measurements from the mean value calculation by removing the ticks
in the appropriate check boxes.

 Erroneous measurements are removed automatically.

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SpinningDropAnalysis software page 41

4.10.5 Chart (Chart tab)

A chart of the measurement or calibration is displayed in the Chart tab.

Selecting quantities for the axis (Measurement only)

 Select the required quantities for the x-axis and the y-axis from the appropriate drop-down
list boxes.

4.10.6 Deleting a measurement or calibration

 Click on the required element in the database overview with the right mouse button. Select
Delete from the context menu which opens.

!
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
The data will be deleted without a safety prompt.

4.10.7 Producing the report

 Click on the button. A dialogue box with report options will appear.

After setting the options described below, the report is produced by pressing Start.

Printer selection

The printer which has been set as the default printer is shown under Print Target.

 To select a different printer, click Change. Select the required printer. Click OK.

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page 42 SpinningDropAnalysis software

Preview

 Open the Direct to drop-down list box. Select the Preview option.

Selecting the format for outputting the report as a file

An output format for saving the report to file can be selected in the Direct to drop-down list
box.

 Settings for the respective format can be made with the Options button.

 With the graphical output formats and with HTML, an image file is produced for each page.

! Charts cannot be output with pure text formats.

Defining the page ranges

The pages of the report to be output can be selected under Options.

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

4.10.8 Opening a saved image

 Select the Table tab.

 Double-click on the measurement line for which the image is to be opened.

The image will appear in the video window.

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Setting the temperature page 43

5 Setting the temperature

5.1 Safety instructions

CAUTION
Risk of burns from hot measuring cell and tubes

At higher operating temperatures contact with the measuring cell and the tubes could cause
burns.

 Wear heat-resistant protective gloves.

 Allow the measuring cell to cool down before working on it.

! Do not work at temperatures below 0°C or above 100°C as this could damage the
instrument.

5.2 Procedure
1. Set the desired temperature on the thermostat.

2. Run the SpinningDropAnalysis software.

3. Read off the current temperature in the SpinningDropAnalysis software.

4. When the equilibrium temperature has been reached, check the difference between the
desired and the measured temperature and adjust the temperature accordingly on the
thermostat.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 44 Carrying out a calibration (determining the image scale)

6 Carrying out a calibration (determining the

image scale)
In order to calculate the actual drop diameter from the pixel height of the drop image, the
image scale must be known.

6.1 Usability of the calibration for a measurement

The calibration data can only be used for a measurement if the following conditions are met:

 Same refractive index of the heavy phase. The refractive index can change if:

 the solvent is changed

 the temperature changes

 the concentration of dissolved substances changes

 Due to the normally low concentrations, a re-determination of the image scale is not
usually necessary when working with different surfactant solutions.

 Same optical magnification. A re-determination of the image scale is necessary after

changing the lens.

6.2 Preparations

Safety note

WARNING
Danger due to escaping liquids

A small amount of liquid can escape during the following procedure. This may result in a certain
danger level depending on the hazard class.

 Wear protective gloves and safety goggles.

 Put a cloth under the inlet bushing to soak up escaping liquid.

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Carrying out a calibration (determining the image scale) page 45

Procedure

Stop the motor rotation and switch off the SITE100.

1. Set the desired temperature on the thermostat if necessary.

2. Close the tap on the cylinder. Fill the cylinder to no more than half way with the bulk phase.

3. Tilt the platform to the right and open the outlet valve.

4. Slowly open the tap on the cylinder and fill the system until the liquid reaches the tube
connected to the outlet valve.

5. Close the tap on the cylinder and the outlet valve.

6. Empty the inlet bushing.

 To do this, remove the cylinder from the clamp and hold it so that the liquid level in the
cylinder is below the inlet spout. Open the tap on the cylinder and allow the liquid to
flow into the cylinder from the inlet bushing. Close the tap and re-fix the cylinder.

7. Tilt the platform to the left (tilting angle 10°- 20°).

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page 46 Carrying out a calibration (determining the image scale)

8. Remove the inlet bushing by unscrewing the two outer screws (3 mm Allen wrench).

Take note of the above safety instructions relating to escaping liquids. Make sure that
no liquid gets into the housing.

9. Remove the PTFE sleeve from the capillary.

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Carrying out a calibration (determining the image scale) page 47

6.3 Measuring the image scale

 Please read Chapter 8 for the preparations for measuring the image scale when using dosing
unit DO1510.

1. Switch on the instrument.

Do not let the motor rotate in the following procedure.

2. Run the SpinningDropAnalysis software. Click on the button.

3. Create a calibration with the required parameters ( Chapter 4.6).

4. Insert the reference wire into the opening on the inlet side as far as it will go.

! Insert the reference wire slowly and take care not to bend it.

5. Adjust the camera inclination so that the reference wire lies in the middle of the video
image.

6. Adjust the illumination and the image focus to obtain a sharp and clear video image of the
wire.

! Take care that the edges are not over-illuminated as this causes an error in the diameter
determination.

! Do not change the focus after the image scale has been determined as this will require
the determination to be repeated.

! The reference part is the wire itself, not the thicker endpiece.

7. Adjust the Edge Detection Threshold ( P. 32) if necessary until the orange lines lie
uniformly on the contour of the video image of the wire.

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page 48 Carrying out a calibration (determining the image scale)

8. Click on the button several times until the required number of measurements is
obtained.

9. Reassemble the PTFE bushing and the inlet bushing.

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Carrying out a measurement page 49

7 Carrying out a measurement

7.1 Filling the measuring cell with the bulk phase (standard
dosing unit DO1500)

7.1.1 Safety note

WARNING
Danger due to escaping liquids

A small amount of liquid can escape during the following procedure. This may result in a certain
danger level depending on the hazard class.

 Wear protective gloves and safety goggles.

 Put a cloth under the inlet bushing to soak up escaping liquid.

7.1.2 Avoiding air bubbles

! Air bubbles inside the capillary can interfere with the measurement.
 Remove air from syringe and tubes before filling the measuring cell. Follow the filling
procedure described below.

 Air bubbles can arise from air dissolved in the bulk liquid, especially when the liquid is
heated. If necessary, degas the liquid under vacuum and/or heat it up before filling the
measuring cell.

7.1.3 Filling procedure

Preparations

 Set the desired temperature on the thermostat if necessary.

 Close the tap on the cylinder. Fill the cylinder to no more than half way with the bulk phase.

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page 50 Carrying out a measurement

Bleeding and filling the inlet bushing

1. Close the outlet valve. Tilt the platform to the right.

2. Remove the end of the filling tube from the inlet spout. Raise the free end to the level in the
cylinder and carefully open the tap to fill the tube completely without residual air bubbles.

3. Close the tap. Push the filled tube onto the inlet spout.

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Carrying out a measurement page 51

4. Slowly open the tap and let a small amount of liquid flow into the measuring cell so that just
the inlet spout is filled with the heavy phase.

5. Tilt the platform to the left as far as it will go.

6. Carefully open the tap until the liquid level in the ventilation tube equals that in the cylinder.

! If liquid enters the syringe guide, the septum must be replaced ( Chapter 9.2).

7. Close the tap on the cylinder. Squeeze the tubes several times to release residual air
bubbles.

Filling the capillary

1. Tilt the platform to the right as far as it will go.

2. Open the outlet valve.

3. Slowly open the tap on the cylinder until the liquid reaches the tube connected to the outlet.

4. Close the tap on the cylinder and the outlet valve.

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page 52 Carrying out a measurement

7.2 Dispensing drops and running the measurement

(standard dosing unit DO1500)
1. Move the platform into the horizontal position.

2. Fill the syringe with the light phase. Hold the syringe upright and force residual air out of the
syringe and needle.

3. Rotate the capillary at a rotating speed of about 1000 rpm.

4. Feed the syringe into the syringe guide and pierce the septum with the needle.

5. Dispense a drop into the capillary and move it into the viewing window ( see notes below).

6. Align the horizontal camera position with the drop position.

7. Adjust the rotating speed so that the length of the drop is at least four times the diameter
( Chapter 4.8.1).

8. Start the measurement ( Chapter 4.9).

Dosing options

When dispensing the drop, it must be positioned in the middle of the viewing window. There are
several ways of doing this. Which method is the best depends on the particular system.

 KRÜSS recommends a guide value of 4 µL for the dosing volume.

 The drop can be dispensed directly into the viewing window with the help of the optional
extended needle NE1501. In doing so, it may be possible for the drop to be initially
dispensed on the capillary wall without rotation and the drop then released from the
capillary wall by rotation.

! Dispensing the drop on the capillary wall may contaminate it more quickly and
necessitate more frequent cleaning.

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Carrying out a measurement page 53

 With the standard needle, the drop is dispensed with the capillary rotating and then
transported to the center. This transportation can take place:

 By tilting the platform to the right. However, the drop only moves slowly if the difference
in density is small.

 By opening the tap on the cylinder and producing a flow of liquid by subsequently
opening the outlet valve.

! The latter must be carried out very carefully, as otherwise the drop will flow out
through the outlet and have to be re-dosed.

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page 54 Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample quantities (optional)

8 Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample

quantities (optional)
The dosing unit DO1510 is required when

 Only a small quantity of the heavy phase is available.

 Measurements are to be performed at rotating speeds above 7500 rpm.

 With the high-speed version SITE100HS the dosing unit DO1510 is within the scope of
supply.

 Some photos in this chapter show the previous model of the SITE100. The procedure is the
same.

8.1 Conversion (when the standard dosing unit DO1500 is

mounted)
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

Stop the motor rotation and switch off the SITE100.

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

 Remove the inlet and outlet bushings by unscrewing the two outer screws (3 mm Allen
wrench).

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Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample quantities (optional) page 55

 Remove the PTFE sleeves from the capillary on both sides.

8.2 Preparing the dosing unit

 Fill the inner of the two push-on bushings of the DO1510 with the bulk phase. Push the
bushings onto the capillary openings as far as they will go.

 Mount the inlet and outlet bushings of the DO1510 on the measuring cell (3 mm Allen
wrench).

Outlet Inlet

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page 56 Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample quantities (optional)

 The longer screws supplied with the DO1510 are required for the inlet bushing.

 If the dosing unit DO1500 is available: For cleaning the capillary after measuring, it is helpful
to fit the standard bushings and rinse the capillary with the help of the cylinder and the
tubes ( Chapter 9.1.2).

Removing the push-on bushings

 Use the tweezers supplied with the DO1510 to pull off the push-on bushings.

8.3 Filling the capillary

A syringe must be inserted on the outlet side in order to inject the heavy phase into the inlet
side.

1. Fill one of the large syringes supplied with the DO1510 with the heavy phase. Hold the
syringe upright and force residual air out of the syringe and needle.

2. Tilt the platform to the right.

3. Carefully insert the filled syringe into the inlet bushing and the empty syringe into the outlet
bushing. Fix the empty syringe with the help of the screw on the outlet bushing.

4. Slowly inject the heavy phase into the inlet and simultaneously remove the air from the
capillary with the syringe at the outlet bushing.

Remove both syringes.

8.4 Dosing the drop and running the measurement

1. Move the platform into the horizontal position.

2. Fill the small syringe (10 l) supplied with the SITE100 with the light phase.

3. Rotate the capillary at a rotating speed of about 1000 rpm.

4. Carefully insert the syringe into the inlet bushing and slowly dispense a drop into the
capillary.

5. Use the inclination of the platform to fine-tune the drop position.

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Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample quantities (optional) page 57

6. Align the horizontal camera position with the drop position.

7. Adjust the rotating speed so that the length of the drop is at least four times the diameter
( Chapter 4.8.1).

8. Start the measurement ( Chapter 4.9).

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 58 Cleaning and maintenance

9 Cleaning and maintenance

9.1 Cleaning procedures

Residues of previous samples, especially surfactants, can significantly affect the accuracy of the
measurement. Thorough cleaning of the cylinder and the capillary is therefore necessary after
completing a measurement.

! Cleaning agents containing surfactants (soap, detergents) should only be used if rinsing with
hot water does not help. After using such agents, thoroughly rinse all components with hot
water in order to dissolve residual surfactants.

! Do not use water that has been demineralized with an ion exchanger as it can be
contaminated with surfactants.

! KRÜSS recommends that parts which have been removed and cleaned be dried in a
compartment drier. If compressed air is used instead, take care to use clean air which is not
contaminated with oil.

9.1.1 Cleaning the cylinder

1. Unscrew the tap from the cylinder.

2. Thoroughly rinse the tap and the cylinder with hot water. Use a soft brush for the cylinder to
increase the cleaning effect.

3. Rinse the components of the tap and the cylinder with a degreasing solvent, e.g.
isopropanol.

4. Dry the cylinder and the tap in a compartment drier (below 80°C).

9.1.2 Cleaning the capillary

! Do not use alkaline cleaning agents for the capillary as they corrode the glass surface.

Rinsing

! In order to prevent contamination of the capillary, it should always rotate at a speed of

about 1000 rpm after a measurement and during the rinsing procedure.

 Tilt the platform to the left.

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Cleaning and maintenance page 59

 Fill the clean cylinder with hot water and let the water flow through the capillary into the
waste container. Repeat the procedure until at least one liter of hot water has flowed
through the capillary.

 For obstinate contamination, the capillary can be rinsed with a hot detergent solution before
rinsing it with hot water.

Brushing

! The brush supplied should only be used if contamination cannot be removed by rinsing with
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
hot water or hot detergent solution.

Stop the motor rotation and switch off the SITE100.

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

1. Remove the inlet bushing by unscrewing the two outer screws (3 mm Allen wrench).

2. Remove the PTFE sleeve from the capillary.

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page 60 Cleaning and maintenance

3. Insert the brush into the opening and brush the capillary.

! After using the brush rinse it thoroughly with hot water to avoid contamination.

4. Refit the PTFE bushing and the inlet bushing. Rinse the capillary with hot water as previously
described.

9.1.3 Cleaning and drying the bushings

! To avoid corrosion, the following procedure is necessary at the end of a working day if work
has been carried out using corrosive liquids (e.g. brine).

Dismantling and cleaning

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

Stop the motor rotation and switch off the SITE100.

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

1. Fill the clean cylinder with hot water and let the water flow through the capillary into the
waste container.

2. Remove both bushings (inlet and outlet) using a 3 mm Allen wrench.

3. Remove the two screws from the gasket sleeve for each bushing.

Gasket sleeve

Gasket

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Cleaning and maintenance page 61

4. Screw the removal tool into the exposed threads.

5. Pull the removal tool to remove the gasket from the gasket sleeve. Unscrew the removal
tool.

6. Thoroughly rinse the inlet and outlet bushings with warm water, then with demineralized
water and finally with a degreasing solvent (e.g. isopropanol). Dry the bushings in a
compartment drier (below 80°C).

7. Rinse the sides of the gasket sleeves with warm water and then with demineralized water.

! Do not use a degreasing solvent for the gasket sleeves and do not dry them in a
compartment drier.

Running in the motor

! After reassembling the components and filling the measuring cell with the heavy phase do
not allow the capillary to rotate at high speed straight away. Let the motor run-in slowly as
described below.

 Switch on the instrument and the thermostat. Run the SpinningDropAnalysis software.

 Increase the rotating speed as shown in the table below:

Step Rotating speed Duration

1 100 rpm 10 min

2 500 rpm 10 min

3 1000 rpm 5 min

4 2000 rpm 5 min

5 4000 rpm 5 min

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 62 Cleaning and maintenance

9.2 Replacing the septum

! As a result of piercing the septum, it becomes permeable and must be replaced after some
time.

9.2.1 Standard dosing unit DO1500

1. Remove the syringe guide (2.5 mm Allen wrench).

2. Remove the septum. This can be done e.g. with the help of a small screwdriver.

3. Insert a new septum. Refit the syringe guide.

9.2.2 Dosing unit DO1510 for small sample volumes

1. Loosen the three grub screws on the respective push-on bushing using the Allen wrench
supplied.

The screws must clearly protrude.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

Cleaning and maintenance page 63

2. Insert the Allen wrench into the opening in the push-on bushing from the other side. Push
the Teflon insert together with the septum out of the push-on bushing.

 If the Teflon insert cannot be pushed out with the Allen wrench, it can be pushed out
with the help of compressed air.

3. Remove the septum to be replaced from the Teflon insert.

Fit the new septum in the Teflon insert, narrower side first.

4. Replace the Teflon insert in the push-on bushing. Fix the Teflon insert using the grub screws
loosened in Step 1.

9.3 Changing the gasket sleeves

The gasket sleeves can become worn from intensive use or be damaged if the motor has not
been run in properly after cleaning and drying the bushings.

 Customers can only replace the gaskets in the inlet and outlet bushings. If the internal
gaskets of the measuring cell need to be replaced, please contact our technical customer
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
service.

Stop the motor rotation and switch off the SITE100.

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

1. Empty the capillary and the inlet and outlet bushings. Remove both bushings (inlet and
outlet) using a 3 mm Allen wrench.

2. Remove both gasket sleeves with the help of the removal tool as described in Chapter 9.1.3.

3. Fit the new gasket sleeves and screw them tightly in place.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 64 Cleaning and maintenance

9.4 Replacing thermostat tubes and removing oil

9.4.1 Safety instructions

Allow the oil to cool if necessary.

Wear protective gloves in order to avoid oil coming into contact with the skin.

Oil can escape when tubes are disconnected. Catch escaping oil with a cloth.

9.4.2 Replacing tubes

Regular checking of thermostat tubes

! Check the condition of the thermostat tubes at monthly intervals. Replace the tubes if they
appear to be cracked or porous.

Procedure

1. Remove the two quick-lock connectors from the rear of the SITE100.

2. Hold the tubes with the quick-lock connectors up so that they are above the level of the
thermostat.

3. Loosen the tube clamps on the quick-lock connectors with the help of a screwdriver.

4. Pull the two quick-lock connectors off the tubes. Allow the oil to drain out of the tubes into
the thermostat.

5. Loosen the tube clamps on the thermostat with the help of a screwdriver.

6. Pull off the two tubes.

7. Connect the replacement tubes to the thermostat and to the two quick-lock connectors. Fix
the tubes with the help of the tube clamps.

8. Fill both tubes with oil. To do this, connect the two quick-lock connectors at the ends of the
tubes together, and switch on the thermostat.

9. Switch the thermostat off again. Undo the quick-lock connection between the two tubes.

10. Connect the thermostat to the SITE100 ( Chapter 3.3.4).

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

Cleaning and maintenance page 65

9.4.3 Removing oil from the SITE100

! Before moving or shipping the SITE100, any oil in the instrument must be removed.

 KRÜSS recommends carrying out the following procedure with two persons.

1. Clamp the tube leading to the inlet of the SITE100 (Thermostat In) directly at the thermostat
outlet so that no oil can run out.

2. Loosen the tube clamps on the clamped tube at the thermostat with the help of a
screwdriver. Pull the tube off the thermostat.

3. Position the SITE100 above the level of the thermostat.

4. Hold the tube up so that it is above the level of the SITE100. Loosen the tube clamp.

5. Tilt the SITE100 backwards. Tilt the measuring cell to and fro with the help of the crank until
the oil in the thermostat has run out.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 66 Appendix

Appendix

I Computer requirements
The following is a list of the minimum requirements to enable the SpinningDropAnalysis
software to run without any problems.
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

Current version 1.0.1.15

Supported operating Systems Windows 7 (Ultimate); 32 or 64 bit

User privileges Administrator privileges required only for installation

Processor Minimum Intel Core i5

Main memory ≥ 3 GB

Free hard disc space ≥ 1 GB + space for stored data

Graphics adapter SVGA compatible

Resolution Minimum 1024 x 768 pixel

Colour depth Minimum 16 bit

Pointing device (mouse)

CD-ROM drive (only for installation)

1x USB 2.0 Port

Printer (local or network) driver installed

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

II Technical data
Power supply 100 to 240 VAC, 50-60 Hz

Power consumption max. 130 W

Dimensions 300 × 450 × 300 mm (W X× D × H)

Weight 21 kg

Interfaces 1 × USB 2.0

Max. rotating speed SITE100: 15,000 rpm

SITE100 HS: 20,000 rpm

Capillary Diameter 3.5 mm

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

Appendix page 67

III Copyright and right to make alterations

The information contained in this document may be altered without notice and does not
represent any obligation by KRÜSS GmbH.
Neither this manual nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted for any purpose
whatsoever in any form and by any means, electronic or mechanical, by photocopy or drawing
without the express approval of KRÜSS GmbH in writing.

2003-2015 , KRÜSS GmbH, Hamburg, all rights reserved.

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

IV Warranty and caveat emptor

The warranty terms and deadlines are described in the general terms and conditions of KRÜSS
GmbH.
There is no warranty claim if the product was damaged due to careless usage or improper
treatment or if it was not used according to purpose, and if the instructions and danger warnings
in the manual were not observed.
The warranty claim is void if changes on the product are performed by the customer or a third
party without prior consultation of KRÜSS GmbH, which go beyond the activities described in
the manual. This also applies to repair work, which was independently performed or carried out
by a third party.

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de