A

Major Project Report

On

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON PERVIOUS

CONCRETE BY USING FIBERS
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of
The Requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Engineering
In

BE Civil Engineering
To
Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari
North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon
Submitted by
Mr. Hemant Ganesh Rajput
Mr. Bhavesh Suresh Patil
Mr. Ankush Gajanan Vanjari
Mr. Nikhil Rajendra Ghuge
Mr. Siddharth Saket Wavde

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Pankaj Punase

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SSBT’s COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
BAMBHORI, JALGAON - 425001 (MS)
2023 – 2024
 SSBT’s COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
BAMBHORI, JALGAON - 425 001 (MS)
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON
PERVIOUS CONCRETE BY USING FIBERS”, submitted by
[49] Hemant Ganesh Rajput
[29] Bhavesh Suresh Patil
[68] Ankush Gajanan Vanjari
[16] Nikhil Rajendra Ghuge
[70] Siddharth Saket Wavde

In partial fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in BE Civil Engineering has

been satisfactorily carried out under my guidance as per the requirement of Kavayitri
Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon.

Date:
Place: Jalgaon
Name of Guide
Prof. P. R. Punase

Prof. Dr. M. Hussain Prof. Dr. G. K. Patnaik

Head Principal
Acknowledgements
It is pleasure to thank many people for their contribution during the preparation of this
project report. First and foremost, we would like to express our gratitude to our project guide.
Prof. P. R. Punase Associate professor in Civil Engineering Department, for his invaluable
guidance, providing Encouragement, giving excellent ideas and very constructive criticisms.
We are also thankful to Dr. G.K. Patnaik Principal of Institute, Dr. M. Hussain Head of Civil
Engineering Department. Other individuals, who are not mentioned here; we greatly appreciate
them helping whenever we needed assistance.
Lastly, and most importantly, we would like to thank our parents, for their
support and encouragement, who played an essential role in finalizing this work.

Hemant Ganesh Rajput

Bhavesh Suresh Patil
Ankush Gajanan Vanjari
Nikhil Rajendra Ghuge
Siddharth Saket Wavde.

SSBT’s College of Engineering and Technology, Bambhori, Jalgaon (MS) i

Declaration
We declare that this written submission represent my ideas in my own word and where
others ideas or words have been included. we have adequately reference the original sources.
We also declare that we have adhered to all the principles of academic honesty and integrity
and have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in my
submission. We understand that any violation of the above will be cause for disciplinary action
by the institute and can also evoke penal action from the sources which have thus not been
properly citied or from whom proper permission has not been taken when needed.

Place:
Date:
Signature of students

SSBT’s College of Engineering and Technology, Bambhori, Jalgaon (MS) ii

Abbreviations
NC Normal Pervious Concrete Cube for Compressive strength test
NFC 0.15% 0.15% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cube
NFC 0.3% 0.3% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cube
NFC 0.45% 0.45% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cube
NFC 0.6% 0.6% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cube

NS Normal Pervious Concrete Cylinder for split tensile strength test

NFS 0.15% 0.15% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cylinder
NFS 0.3% 0.3% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cylinder
NFS 0.45% 0.45% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cylinder
NFS 0.6% 0.6% Polypropylene Fibers Added Cylinder

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List of Figures

1.1 Pervious concrete block 1

1.2 Typical profile of Pervious Concrete Pavement 2
4.1 Testing the properties of cement 8
4.2 Testing the properties of coarse aggregate 9
4.3 Casting of specimen 12
4.4 Addition of Polypropylene fibers 13
4.5 Compressive testing of concrete 13
4.6 Preparation of specimen for permeability testing 14
4.7 Permeability testing of concrete 14
4.8 Split tensile testing of concrete 15
4.9 Failure of specimen 15
5.1 Graph for Compressive Strength 16
5.2 Graph for Permeability of Concrete 17
5.3 Graph for Split Tensile Strength of Concrete 18

List of Tables
4.1 Properties of cement 8

4.2 Properties of coarse aggregates (C.A) 8

4.3 Mix proportion for pervious concrete 11
4.4 Quantity of materials for compressive stength test specimen 11
4.5 Quantity of materials for Split tensile stength test specime 12
5.1 Results of Compressive Strength of concrete 16
5.2 Results of Permeability testing of concrete 17
5.3 Results of Split Tensile Strength of Concrete 18
5.4 Interpretation of Results for Compressive Strength of Concrete 19
5.5 Interpretation of Results for Permeability of Concrete 19

SSBT’s College of Engineering and Technology, Bambhori, Jalgaon (MS) iv

 CONTENTS
Acknowledgements i
Abbreviations ii
Declaration iii
List of figures iv
List of tables v
Abstract vi
Chapter 1
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Major applications of pervious concrete 2
1.2 Aim 3
1.3 Objectives 3
Chapter 2
2 Literature Review 4
Chapter 3
3 Methodology 6
3.1 General Procedure 6
3.2 Materials Used 6
3.3 Method of curing 6
3.4 Investigate physical properties of materials. 6
3.5 Prepare mix design of grade M20 concrete as per IS standards. 7

Chapter 4
4 Experimental Program 8
4.1 Physical Properties of material 8
4.2 Concrete Mix design 9
4.3 Material Quantity 11
4.4 Casting of Specimen 12
4.5 Addition of Polypropylene fibers 13
4.6 Test on specimen 13
Chapter 5
5 Results and Discussion 16
5.1 Compressive Strength of concrete 16
5.2 Permeability testing of concrete 17
5.3 Split Tensile Strength of Concrete 18
5.4 Interpretation of Results 19
Chapter 6
6 Conclusion 20
References 21

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Abstract
Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete, which consists of cement, coarse
aggregates, water and if required, admixtures and other cementitious materials. As there are no
fine aggregates used in the concrete matrix, the void content is more which allows the water to
flow through its body. So the pervious concrete is also called as Permeable concrete and Porous
concrete.
There is lot of research work is going in the field of pervious concrete. The compressive
strength of pervious concrete is less when compared to the conventional concrete due to its
porosity and voids. Hence, the usage of pervious concrete is limited even though it has lot of
advantages. If the compressive strength and flexural strength of pervious concrete is increased,
then it can be used for more number of applications. For now, the usage of pervious concrete
is mostly limited to light traffic roads only. If the properties are improved, then it can also be
used for medium and heavy traffic rigid pavements also. Along with that, the pervious concrete
eliminates surface runoff of storm water, facilitates the ground water recharge and makes the
effective usage of available land.
The main aim of our project is to improve the strength characteristics of pervious
concrete. But it can be noted that with increase in strength, the permeability of pervious
concrete will be reduced. Hence, the improvement of strength should not affect the
permeability property because it is the property which serves its purpose.

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 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Pervious concrete which is also known as the no-fines, porous, gap-graded, and
concrete and Enhance porosity concrete have been found to be a reliable storm water
management tool. By definition, pervious concrete is a mixture of gravel or granite stone,
cement, water, little to no sand (fine aggregate). When pervious concrete is used for paving,
the open cell structures allow storm water to filter through the pavement and into the underlying
soils. In other words, pervious concrete helps in protecting the surface of the pavement and its
environment.
Pervious concrete is also a unique and effective means to address important
environmental issues and sustainable growth. When it rains, pervious concrete automatically
acts as a drainage system, thereby putting water back where it belongs. Pervious concrete is
rough textured, and has a honeycombed surface, with moderate amount of surface travelling
which occurs on heavily travelled roadways.

Fig. 1.1: Pervious concrete block

Carefully controlled amount of water and cementitious materials are used to create a
paste. The paste then forms a thick coating around aggregate particles, to prevent the flowing
off of the paste during mixing and placing. Using enough paste to coat the particles maintain a
system of interconnected voids which allow water and air to pass through. The lack of sand in
pervious concrete results in a very harsh mix that negatively affects mixing, delivery and
placement. Also, due to the high void content, pervious concrete is light in weight (about 1600
to 2000 kg/m³). Pervious concrete void structure provides pollutant captures which also add
significant structural strength as well. It also results in a very high permeable concrete that
drains quickly.

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1.1 Major applications of pervious concrete:
1. Low-volume pavements
2. Residential roads, alleys, and driveways
3. Sidewalks and pathways
4. Parking areas
5. Low water crossings
6. Tennis courts
7. Sub base for conventional concrete pavements
8. Swimming pool decks
9. Pavement edge drains and Tree grates in sidewalks.

Fig. 1.2: Typical profile of Pervious Concrete Pavement

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1.2 Aim
To evaluate the impact of fiber reinforcement on the mechanical, permeability, and
durability properties of permeable concrete.

1.3 Objectives
1. To determine Physical Properties of Materials.
2. To prepare mix design for M20 grade.
3. To Cast the specimens by adding the polypropylene fibers with variation of 0.15%,
0.3%, 0.45%, 0.6%.
4. To study the properties of fresh concrete.
5. Examine the influence of fibers on permeability of the modified concrete.
6. To investigate the effect of fiber on the compressive strength, and tensile strength of
permeable concrete.

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 Chapter 2 Literature Review
Vinayak Kharbikar, Sudhanshu Pathak.
Pervious concrete pavement is an effective means to address important environmental
issues and support green and sustainable growth. By capturing storm water and allowing it to
seep into the ground,pervious concrete is instrumental in recharging groundwater, reducing
storm water runoff, and Meeting U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) storm water
regulations. In fact, the use of pervious concrete is among the Best Management Practices
recommended by the EPA. This report provides the information obtained from a literature
search, site visits, and a laboratory study of polypropylene fibers in Pervious concrete. The
literature search yielded information from numerous laboratory studies of the material
properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete (PFRC). The literature showed that, for
the low fiber volumes (0.15% and 0.2%) recommended by most manufacturers, there was
marginal improvement in toughness, fatigue, impact resistance, permeability, shrinkage, and
wear resistance. Limited construction has taken place on PFRC suitable for airport
construction. Most construction has been of slabs-on-grade and structural slabs. The laboratory
study showed that, at 0.2% percent by volume of fibers, the reinforced concrete enhances the
strength of pervious concrete.

Prashant Chavana, Dipak Patareb, Manoj Wagh.

Pervious concrete is a composite material consisting of coarse aggregate, Portland
cement, and water. It is different from conventional concrete in that it contains no fines in the
initial mixture. The aggregate usually consists of a single size and is bonded together at its
points of contact by a paste formed by the cement and water. The result revealed that
interconnecting voids in the concrete are increases which permit the rapid percolation of water
through the concrete. In this manuscript polypropylene fiber are utilized in pervious concrete
at 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%. It was observed that compressive strgneth has been enhanced by 21.87%
with addition of 0.6% PP. The flexural and split tensile strength boosts by 10.79 % and 35.78%
respectively. The coefficient of permeability decreases with increase in % PP fiber. Compared
to conventional concrete, pervious concrete has a lower compressive strength, higher
permeability, and a lower unit weight, approximately 70% of conventional concrete.

Mohammed Sonebi, Mohamed Bassuoni, Et al

Current climatic changes are occurring due to various human and industrial activities.
In particular, the effects of urbanisation and growing threat of global warming have likely
caused increasing precipitation in many geographic regions. For many years, portland cement
pervious concrete (PCPC) has been making an important contribution, as a sustainable urban
drainage system (SUDS), on improving environmental conditions. This type of porous concrete
can help minimizing flooding risks, recharging ground water, reducing run off and peak flows,
alleviating the precipitation load on overstressed drainage systems and improving water quality
by capturing pollutants. The benefits of using PCPC in order to attenuate stormwater problems
are quite essential mainly in urban areas where most surfaces typically consist of relatively
impervious concrete or asphalt pavements, causing elevated levels of surface runoff.

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Dang Hanh Nguyen, Nassim Sebaibi.
As a new material type for pavement, pervious concrete should be designed to maintain
both porosity and the structural strength. The actual mix proportions for pervious concrete
depend on the application, the mechanical properties required and the materials used. Actually,
the mix proportions of pervious concrete were determined for locally available materials based
frequently on trial batching and experience. Another analytical method should be developed to
facilitate the concrete producers. Based on the assumption that the cement paste only plays a
role of coating, it does not fulfill the void among the grains of gravel; this paper focuses on one
modified method for the design of the pervious concrete. The volume cement paste is divided
by the surface area of the aggregates to determine the thickness of the excess paste. A scaling
factor has been defined to evenly distribute the cement paste toward the size of gravel.
Moreover, a binder drainage test is proposed to determine the critical w/c ratio towards to
prevent the flow of cement paste to the lower layers of concrete under the action of vibration
or compaction.

Nian Hu, Jiong Zhang, Shuang Xia, Et al.

The pores of pervious concrete pavement will be clogged by sediment carried by
rainwater runoff and atmospheric deposition on the pavement in the course of using, thus
reducing the permeability of pavement. It is necessary to adopt effective maintenance measures
to keep the permeability of the pavement. In this study, an improved single ring infiltrometer
is used to measure the permeability of a newly constructed pervious pavement. In order to study
the deterioration process of the pavement permeability under periodic clogging maintenance
conditions, four different gradations of clogging materials and eight different maintenance
methods were used for 32 test cases. Different maintenance methods are designed to find the
best combination, including different pressure wash, sweep + vacuum and pressure wash +
vacuum. The study shows when the pressure wash is between 5 and 20Mpa, the maintenance
effect has little difference, and the combination of pressure wash and vacuum suction has the
best maintenance effect.

Gersson F.B. Sandoval, André Campos de Moura, Et al.

This project work aims to assess the more efficient cleaning method to recovery permeability
in PC (pervious concrete) and to suggest a periodicity of cleaning to maintain the permeability
close to the initial. As seen, the pervious concrete with its high porosity is exposed to clogging
phenomenon, depending on the type of the sediment that can decrease the permeability of the
material almost 100%. For accomplishing the objective of this project, a clogging was
simulated in the PC with three types of sediments with a maximum concentration of 1.27
g/cm2. The permeability recovery of the PC was evaluated with three simple methods (surface
cleaning, air cleaning and water cleaning) to determine the most efficient method for each type
of sediment. It was also possible to determine the cleaning periodicity by simulating two
different scenarios, the first one with a high periodicity, and the second one with a medium
periodicity, applying a soil erosion mechanics analysis. In all the cases analyzed, the average
periodicity was more efficient since it guaranteed large permeability recoveries. These results
were supported by the 3D microtomography which allowed visualizing that the sediments were
deposited mostly in the first centimeter and in a medium depth.

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 Chapter 3. Methodology
3.1 General Procedure
3.1.1 In present study concrete of grade M20 is used. Total 15 blocks of size 150 x 150 x 150
mm are casted to determine compressive strength. 3 blocks without any fibers and 12
with polypropylene fibers at content of 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6% respectively. And tested
at 28 days.
3.1.2 For the determination of split tensile strength and permeability 15 cylinder of 150 x 300
mm are casted. 3 without any fibers and 12 with with polypropylene fibers at content of
0.15, 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6% respectively. And tested at 28 days.

3.2 Material Used

The properties of a material are invariably dependant on the properties of its
constituents. For finding the final mix proportion the properties of material are determined by
conducting tests conforming to the IS codes.
Cement: - OPC 53 grade
Course Aggregate: - 12.5mm sized crushed angular aggregate.
Fine aggregate :- nil
Polypropylene fibers-33micron, 12mm length
Water :- Normal potable water

3.3 Method of curing

Curing of concrete done by covering the concrete surface by plastic up to7 days, and then after
immersed in curing tank, in which all concrete cubes and cylinders are placed for curing period
of 28 days.

3.4 Investigate physical properties of materials used in the study as per IS standards.
Cement Tests
Consistency Test.
Fineness Test.
Setting Time Test.
Compressive Strength Test.
Soundness Test.

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Aggregates Test
Crushing Value
Bulk density
Specific Gravity
Impact Value

3.5 Prepare mix design of grade M20 concrete as per IS standards. (IRC 44)

Data Required
Mix Design
Typical characteristics
1. Void content: 15-35%
2. Compressive strength: 5-25 MPa
3. Drainage is a function of aggregate size and density: 0.135 to 1.22 cm/sec
4. Higher the fines, lower is the permeability, higher is the strength
5. w/cm ratio is important. A range of 0.26 to 0.45 will provide the best results.
6. Relationships of conventional concrete will not apply here
Steps (As per IRC 44)
1. Target Strength of Mix Proportioning
2. Selection of Water Cement Ratio
3. Void content.
4. Estimation of paste volume (Vp), cement (c), and water content (w)
5. Calculation of Cement Content
6. Estimation of coarse aggregate proportion
7. Mix calculation Per m3 of Concrete
8. Material Quantity.

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 Chapter 4. Experimental Program
4.1 Physical Properties of material

4.1.1. Cement
Table 4.1: Properties of cement
Sr. No. Material Properties Values / limit
1 Specific gravity 3.15
2 Standard consistency 37%
3 Initial setting time 40 minutes (Should not be less
than 30 minutes)
4 Final setting time 270 minutes (should not be more
than 600 minutes)

Figure 4.1 Testing the properties of cement

4.1.2. Coarse Aggregate

Table 4.2: Properties of coarse aggregates (C.A)

Sr. No. Material properties Values

1 Specific gravity 2.70

2 Density 1710 kg/m3

4 Maximum nominal size 12.5 mm

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 Figure 4.2 Testing the properties of coarse aggregate

4.2 Concrete Mix Design.

The data required for the concrete mix proportion is as follow,

1. Grade designation – M 20
2. Type of cement – OPC (53 grade)
3. Max. nominal size of aggregates – 12.5mm
4. Min. cement content – 300 kg/m3 (For RCC, Mild exposure)
5. Min permeability – 350 mm/min
6. Max. Free water cement ratio – 0.55
7. Workability – 75 mm (slump)
8. Exposure condition – Mild
9. Max. temperature at placing – 400C
10.Type of aggregates – Crushed angular aggregates
11. Max. cement content – 450 kg/m3
12. Sp. gravity of cement – 3.15
13. Sp. gravity of C.A. – 2.6
14. Free (surface) moisture – Nil

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Target Strength of Mix Proportioning
The target strength of mix proportion is calculated using following formula
f’ck = fck+ 1.65 S
where,
f’ck= Target average compressive strength at 28 days,
fck= Characteristics compressive strength at 28 days, and
S = Standard deviation
From Table 18 of IRC 44: 2017, Standard deviation, S = 4 N/mm2
Therefore,
Target strength = 20 + 1.65 × 4
= 26.6 N/mm2

Selection of Water Cement Ratio

From IRC 44: 2017
w/c in the range of 0.26 to 0.45
For trials adopt water cement ratio as follows,
w/c ratio = 0.3

Void Content [VC]

For minimum permeability (350 mm/min) = VC = 25%
For Target Compressive Strength = 15%
Average of this two values is 20%
Considered Void Content as 20%

Volume of Paste [VP]

Volume of paste is the function of Void content (20%)
Paste volume for the void content of 20% and For well compacted condition as follows,
VP = 15 %
Volume of paste = Volume of cement + Volume of water
0.15 = Vc + Vw
W
0.15 = Vc + . Vc
C
C C
0.15 = 3.15 ×1000 + 0.3 3.15 ×1000

Cement = 363.46 kg/m3

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 Water = 109.03 kg/m3

Volume of Coarse Aggregate (V.CA)

Volume of concrete (V) = 1 m3
Void Content (VC) = 0.2
Volume of paste (VP) = 0.15
V.CA = 1 – (0.2 + 0.15)
V.CA = 0.65 m3
Mass of Aggregate = 0.65 × 2.6 × 1000
Mass of Aggregate = 1690 kg/m3
Table 4.3: Mix proportion for pervious concrete
Description Cement Coarse Aggregate Water

Mix proportion (by weight) 1 4.64 w/c = 0.3

Quantities of materials 363.46 1690 109.03
(kg/m3)

4.3 Material Quantity

Table 4.4: Quantity of materials for compressive stength test specimen

No. of Cement (Kg) Water Coarse polypropylene
Sr. Days of Designation Specimens (Kg) aggregate fibers (Kg)
No curing (Kg)
1 28 NC 03 3.678 1.104 17.11 ---

2 28 NFC 0.15% 03 3.678 1.104 17.11 0.0055

3 28 NFC 0.3% 03 3.678 1.104 17.11 0.0110

4 28 NFC 0.45% 03 3.678 1.104 17.11 0.0165

5 28 NFC 0.6% 03 3.678 1.104 17.11 0.0221

Total 15 18.39 5.52 85.55 0.0551

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 Table 4.5: Quantity of materials for Split tensile stength test specimen
No. of Cement Water Coarse polypropylene
Sr.No Days of Designation Specimens (Kg) (Kg) aggregate fibers (Kg)
curing (Kg)

1 28 NS 03 5.78 1.731 26.85 ---

2 28 NFS 0.15% 03 5.78 1.731 26.85 0.0087

3 28 NFS 0.3% 03 5.78 1.731 26.85 0.0173

4 28 NFS 0.45% 03 5.78 1.731 26.85 0.0261

5 28 NFS 0.6% 03 5.78 1.731 26.85 0.0347

Total 15 28.9 8.655 134.25 0.0868

4.4 Casting of Specimen

For compressive testing Total 15 blocks of size 150 x 150 x 150 mm are casted to
determine compressive strength. 3 blocks without any fibers and 12 with polypropylene fibers
at content of 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6% respectively. And tested at 28 days. and For the
determination of split tensile strength and permeability 15 cylinder of 150 x 300 mm are casted.
3 without any fibers and 12 with with polypropylene fibers at content of 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 and
0.6% respectively. And tested at 28 days.

Figure 4.3 Casting of specimen

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4.5 Addition of Polypropylene fibers
Polypropylene fibers of size 33micron, 12mm length is added with varying percentage
of 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6% respectively by weight of cement.

Figure 4.4 Addition of Polypropylene fibers

4.6 Test on specimen

4.6.1 Compressive testing of concrete

Figure 4.5 Compressive testing of concrete

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4.6.2 Permeability testing of concrete
The testing procedure for permeability of concrete is adopted as per IRC 44. The
specimen of cylindrical shape with diameter of 150mm and height of 300mm is used. The
specimen is wrapped by using plastic tape to avoid leakage. And PVC pipe fitted above to
maintain the head.
Permeability is calculated by following formula:

Figure 4.6 Preparation of specimen for permeability testing

Figure 4.7 Permeability testing of concrete

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4.6.3 Split tensile testing of concrete

Figure 4.8 Split tensile testing of concrete

Figure 4.9 Failure of specimen

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 Chapter 5. Results and Discussion
5.1 Compressive Strength of concrete

Table 5.1: Results of Compressive Strength of concrete

Sr.no Specimen Load Compressive Strength Loss in

Strength (mpa) obtain Strength
1 NC 620 27.55 100% 0%

2 FC-0 330 14.66 53.21% 46.79%

3 FC-0.15 350 15.55 56.44% 43.56%

4 FC-0.3 365 16.22 58.87% 41.13%

5 FC-0.45 405 18.00 65.33% 34.64%

6 FC-0.6 455 20.22 73.39% 26.61%

Compressive Strength
30
27.55

25
Compressive strength (mpa)

20.22
20 18.00
15.55 16.22
14.66
15

10

0
NC FC-0 FC-0.15 FC-0.3 FC-0.45 FC-0.6
PP %

Figure 5.1 Graph for Compressive Strength

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 For normal concrete the copressive strength is 27.55 Mpa. After removal of 100% sand
i.e. the pervious concrete with 0% fibers we get 14.66 Mpa with loss in strength of 46.79%
with the increase in percentage of Polypropylene fibers, of 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45%, 0.6%. the
strength also gets increases as 15.55 Mpa, 16.22 Mpa, 18.00 Mpa, 20.22 Mpa respectively.

5.2 Permeability testing of concrete

Table 5.2: Results of Permeability testing of concrete

Sr.no Specimen Permeability (mm/sec)

1 NC 0.00

2 FC-0 3.93

3 FC-0.15 2.72

4 FC-0.3 2.09

5 FC-0.45 1.63

6 FC-0.6 1.30

Permeability of pervious concrete

5.00

3.93
4.00
Permeability (mm/sec)

3.00 2.72

2.09
2.00 1.63
1.30

1.00

0.00
0.00
NC FC-0 FC-0.15 FC-0.3 FC-0.45 FC-0.6
PP %
Figure 5.2 Graph for Permeability of Concrete

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5.3 Split Tensile Strength of Concrete
Table 5.3: Results of Split Tensile Strength of Concrete

Split Tensile Strength Loss in

Sr.no Specimen Load Strength obtain Strength

1 NC 185 2.61 100% 0%

2 FC-0 105 1.48 56.70% 43.30%

3 FC-0.15 110 1.55 59.38% 40.62%

4 FC-0.3 115 1.63 62.45% 37.55%

5 FC-0.45 125 1.77 67.81% 32.19%

6 FC-0.6 130 1.83 70.11% 29.89%

Split Tensile Strength

3
2.8
2.61
2.6
2.4
2.2
Split Tensile strength (mpa)

2 1.83
1.77
1.8 1.63
1.55
1.6 1.48
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
NC FC-0 FC-0.15 FC-0.3 FC-0.45 FC-0.6
PP %

Figure 5.3 Graph for Split Tensile Strength of Concrete

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5.4 Interpretation of Results

Table 5.4: Interpretation of Results for Compressive Strength of Concrete

Specimen Compressive Strength IRC 44 Specifications

NC 27.55 The compressive strength of

pervious concrete between the
FC-0 14.66 range of 5 Mpa to 25 Mpa

FC-0.15 15.55

FC-0.3 16.22

FC-0.45 18.00

FC-0.6 20.22

Table 5.5: Interpretation of Results for Permeability of Concrete

Specimen Permeability IRC 44 Specifications
(mm/sec)
NC 0.00 The permeability of pervious
concrete between the range of
1.35 to 12.2 mm/sec
FC-0 3.93

FC-0.15 2.72

FC-0.3 2.09

FC-0.45 1.63

FC-0.6 1.30

By considering the IRC 44 Specification the optimum percentage of the

Polypropylene fibers is 0.45%. which give the permeability of 1.63 mm/sec. and
Compressive strength of 18.00 mpa.

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 Chapter 6. Conclusion
The utilization of polypropylene fiber in pervious concrete boosts the bonding among
the coarse aggregate and cement paste. It was observed that, there was percentage increase in
compressive strength of pervious concrete using polypropylene fiber in pervious concrete at
various percentage 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45%, 0.6%.
It was observed that, the coefficient of permeability decreases with increase in %
polypropylene fiber. By considering the IRC 44 Specification the optimum percentage of the
Polypropylene fibers is 0.45%. It will give the compressive strength of 18 mpa and
permeability of 1.63 mm/sec. which is farely enough for the Low-volume pavements,
Residential roads, alleys, and driveways, Sidewalks and pathways, Parking areas, Tennis
courts, etc.

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 References
1. Irc 44 2017 Guidelines For Cement Concrete Mix Design For Pavements
2. Mix Design of Pervious Concrete, Youtube lecture by Prof. Nikhil Saboo IIT Roorkee.
3. Enhancement of pervious concrete properties by using polypropylene fiber, Prashant
Chavan Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil
College of Engineering Ahmednagar.
4. Enhancement of pervious concrete properties by using polypropylene fiber. By Prashant
Chavana, Dipak Patareb, Manoj Wagh
5. Journal paper publish in January 2016 by R Selvaraja, M Amritha varshini, Title Of Some
Aspects Of Pervious Concrete.
6. Pervious concrete, Prof. Jayeshkumar and proof J J Bhavasar publish in august 2013
7. Experimental Investigation On Increasing The Strength Of Pervious Concrete By Varying
The Mix.
8. Proposal of maintenance methodology for pervious concrete (PC) after the phenomenon of
clogging, by Gersson F.B. Sandoval, André Campos de Moura, Et al.
9. Enhancing The Strength Of Pervious Concrete Using Polypropylene Fibre. By Vinayak
Kharbikar, Sudhanshu Pathak.
10. A field performance evaluation of the periodic maintenance for pervious concrete
pavement. By Nian Hu, Jiong Zhang, Shuang Xia, Et al.

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