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OEL Statements For Data Analyticsc and AI

The document outlines two open-ended lab projects for mechanical engineering students. Project 1 involves calculating potential fuel savings and carbon emission reductions if all cars in Pakistan had 1.3L engines. Project 2 involves developing a weather forecasting model for a Pakistani city using historical weather data.

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Hamza Naeem
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10 views

OEL Statements For Data Analyticsc and AI

The document outlines two open-ended lab projects for mechanical engineering students. Project 1 involves calculating potential fuel savings and carbon emission reductions if all cars in Pakistan had 1.3L engines. Project 2 involves developing a weather forecasting model for a Pakistani city using historical weather data.

Uploaded by

Hamza Naeem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NATIONAL FERTILIZER RESEARCH, INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

FERTILIZER RESEARCH, FAISALABAD


MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Open Ended Lab Statements
th
6 Semester B.Sc. Mechanical Engineering (Session- 2021)
Project 1:

If everyone in Pakistan uses a car with 1.3 lit engine, how much Pakistani Rupees can we save
and how much less carbon emission can there be?

Main Steps:

1. Take a sample from the population about the type of car they use. Population size must be
50+
2. Ask; what type of car they have, what size engine it has, and how many km on average in
a day they drive.
3. Plot both data in Excel (Two dot plots; engine size and daily km)
4. Calculate the average excess gas usage compared to a car with 1.3 engine using the engine
size and the average km driven daily in your sample.
5. Calculate the average excess carbon emission in your sample compared to a car with 1.3
engine.
6. Find the expected total cost in Pakistan Rupees for excess gas usage, and the expected total
excess carbon emission in Pakistan.

Excess Gas
Annual gas consumption in Pakistan can be calculated by using Eq. 1.
𝐴 = Total annual Gas Consumption in Pakistan based on sample
𝐴 = Avr. Gas cons. of cars in the sample (𝑙𝑡⁄𝑘𝑚 )
× Avr. Daily commute in the sample (𝑘𝑚⁄𝑑𝑎𝑦 ) × 365 (1)
× Number of Private car owners in Pakistan

To calculate the annual gas consumption of 1.3 L engine capacity car, Eq. 2 is employed.
Annual excess gas usage is calculated by Eq. 3.
𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑥𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 2 × (𝐴 − 𝐵 ) (3)
Excess CO2 Emissions:

Annual CO2 emission in Pakistan is determined by using Eq. 4.


𝐶 = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑄𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎 𝑖𝑛
𝑔
𝐶 = 𝐴𝑣𝑟. 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 ( ⁄𝑘𝑚 )

× 𝐴𝑣𝑟. 𝐷𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 (𝑘𝑚⁄𝑑𝑎𝑦 ) × 365 (4)


× 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑃𝑎𝑘𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛

To determine the annual CO2 emission of 1.3 L engine capacity car, Eq. 5 is utilized.
𝑔
𝐷 = 𝐴𝑣𝑟. 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 1.3 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑎𝑟 ( ⁄𝑘𝑚 )

× 𝐴𝑣𝑟. 𝐷𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 (𝑘𝑚⁄𝑑𝑎𝑦 ) × 365 (5)


× 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑃𝑎𝑘𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛

Annual excess CO2 emission is estimated by Eq. 6.


𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑂2 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝐶 − 𝐷 (6)

Deliverable

1. Collected data as a table, who is the sample (friend, relative, brother, etc.,) Type of car (e.g.
Toyota Prado), Engine size, Daily km (10 marks), EXCEL FILE
2. Your calculations for steps 4, 5, 6
3. Any observations/comments/assumptions about the accuracy of your results and
difficulties you encountered? (10 marks)
4. Put everything in a PDF file (Title, Introduction, Objectives (2-3), Methodology,
Calculations, Results Discussions Conclusion, and References and submit the PDF file. (50
marks)
5. Presentation of the project PPT (20 marks)

6. References must be cited via Mendeley. Cite all the sources from where you collect the
data. (10 marks)
Project 2

Pakistani City Weather Forecasting System: Predictive Modeling and Analysis

Main Steps:
1. Data Acquisition:
Obtain historical weather data for the Pakistani city from reliable sources such as
meteorological departments or online weather databases. Ensure the dataset includes relevant
variables such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, etc., along with
timestamps.
2. Data Cleaning and Preprocessing:
Clean the dataset by handling missing values, outliers, and inconsistencies. Check for data
integrity issues and correct them if necessary. Format the data properly for analysis in Excel.
3. Model Development:
Choose appropriate forecasting techniques based on the nature of the data and forecasting
objectives.
Implement forecasting models such as time series analysis, regression, or machine learning
models using Excel's built-in functions or add-ins. Split the data into training and testing sets
for model validation.
4. Model Evaluation:
Evaluate the performance of the forecasting models using metrics such as mean absolute error,
root mean square error, or correlation coefficients. Compare the forecasted values with actual
observations to assess model accuracy.
5. Visualization:
Create visualizations to illustrate the forecasted weather conditions and compare them with
actual observations. Generate time series plots, scatter plots, and error plots using Excel's
charting tools.
6. Results Interpretation:
Interpret the results of the forecasting analysis, highlighting key findings and insights.
Identify any patterns or trends observed in the data and their implications for weather
forecasting.
7. Documentation and Reporting:
Document the entire project process, including data sources, preprocessing steps, model
development, evaluation results, and insights gained.
Prepare a comprehensive report summarizing the project findings, conclusions, and
recommendations. Include visualizations, tables, and charts to support the analysis and
enhance understanding.
Deliverable

1. Collected data as a table (Day, Time, Temperature, etc.) (10 Marks)


2. Your calculations
3. Any observations/comments/assumptions about the accuracy of your results and
difficulties you encountered? (10 marks)
4. Put everything in a PDF file (Title, Introduction, Objectives (2-3), Methodology,
Calculations, Results Discussions Conclusion, and References and submit the PDF file. (50
marks)
5. Presentation of the project PPT (20 marks)

6. References must be cited via Mendeley. Cite all the sources from where you collect the
data. (10 marks)

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