Scribd
Upload
22 views23 pages

Describing Motion

Uploaded by

Ellah Iracielli Teves
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views23 pages

Describing Motion

Uploaded by

Ellah Iracielli Teves
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

EVERYBODY LET’S MOVE!

KINEMATICS IN ONE
DIMENSION
OBJECTIVES

 describe what motion really is;


 differentiate distance to displacement, and speed to velocity;
 identify the different accelerations of an object; and
solve mathematical problems.

3
Describing Motion
Motion
 Is defined as the movement of an object.
 It is defined as a continuous change in position with
respect to a certain frame of reference.
Rectilinear motion
 The motion of an object traveling in straight path.
Curvilinear motion
 An object traveling in a curved path.
Angular motion
 An object traveling at a certain angles.
Can you give some examples of bodies in motion?
Distance
 A scalar quantity “
 Is the total path length traveled by an object regardless of
direction.
Displacement (d) “
 A vector quantity, involves magnitude and
direction, refers to the shortest length
between the initial position and final position
of the object.
“
Ex. 1. A runner starts at the start line and runs
100 meters on a straight lane to complete the
race. Let us find the distance travelled and
displacement of the runner.
2. Boots walks 100 m on his way to market but returns back at a
distance of 25 m after he finds out that his wallet was lost. What is
the distance and displacement?

10
3. On her way to school, Dora traveled 100 m east,
300 m north, 100 m east, and finally 200 m north.
a. Find the total distance traveled by Dora.
b. What is the displacement made by Dora?

11
Speed vs. Velocity
Speed
 Is the measure of how fast something is moving. It is the
rate at which distance is covered at a given time.

v = d/t, s = d/t
Speed(s)= m/s , km/h, mile/h
Example:
A train covered a distance of 120 km in an hour.
Determine the speed of the train in m/s using the
speed formula.
Instantaneous Speed
▹ Speed which is measured at a particular instant .
Example
▹ The instantaneous speed of a moving car is read
at its speedometer.

14
Average Speed

▹ Is the distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed


in traveling the distance.

V ave. = total distance /total time

15
Velocity
▹ Is the rate at which displacement is covered at a
given time.

v = d/t
v = m/s

16
Average Velocity
 Total displacement of an object per unit of time.

Vave. = total displacement/total time


or
d T / tT

17
Example:
1. An athlete runs 75 m, east and then runs back 25 m, west
upon reaching the end of the track. If the runner runs for
10 seconds, what is the speed and velocity of the runner?

18
Example:
2. Cassie walked to her friend’s house with an average
speed of 1.40 m/s. The distance between the houses
is 205 m. How long did the trip take her?

19
▹ Example:
3. A pitcher throws a baseball from the pitcher’s
mound to home plate in 0.46 s. The distance is 18.4 m.
What was the average speed of the baseball?

20
Example:
4. A trucker drives along a straight highway for 0.25 h
with a displacement of 16 km south. What is the
trucker’s average velocity?

21
Acceleration
▹ Is the change in velocity in particular time interval.

a = v/t
 An object is accelerating when: (a) it speeds up, (b)
slows down (deceleration), and (c) changes direction

22
Example:
Mercedes is driving her sports car at 30 m/s when she sees a
dog on the road ahead. She slams on the brakes and comes
to a stop in 3.0 seconds. What was the acceleration of her
car?

23

You might also like