Designation: F1505 – 10

Standard Specification for

Insulated and Insulating Hand Tools1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1505; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* 2.3 IEC Standard:4

1.1 This specification covers the testing of insulated and IEC 60900:2004 Live Working – Hand tools for use up to
insulating hand tools used for working on, or in close proxim- 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc
ity to, energized electrical apparatus or conductors operating at 2.4 ISO Standards:5
maximum voltage of 1000 V ac or 1500 V dc. ISO 1174-1:1996 Assembly tools for screws and nuts—
1.2 The specific use of these tools is beyond the scope of Driving Squares—Part 1: Driving squares for hand socket
this specification. tools
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the ISO 5744:2004 Pliers and nippers—Methods of test
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for 3. Terminology
information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test 3.1 Definitions:
method portion only, Section 7, of this specification: This 3.1.1 insulated hand tools, n—those covered with insulating
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, material in order to protect the user from electric shock and to
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user minimize the risk of short circuits between parts at different
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health potentials.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- 3.1.2 insulating hand tools, n—those made predominantly
tions prior to use. of insulating material, except for metal inserts at the working
1.5 This specification does not purport to address all of the head or active part or used for reinforcement but with no
safety problems associated with the use of tools on, or in close exposed metal parts. In either case, to protect the user from
proximity to, energized electrical apparatus. electric shocks, as well as, to prevent short-circuits between
exposed parts at different potentials.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 3.2.1 acceptance test, n—a contractual test to prove to the
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and customer that the device meets certain conditions of its
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials specification.
at Commercial Power Frequencies 3.2.2 formation of lots or batches, n—the product is as-
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing sembled into identifiable lots, sub-lots, batches, or in such
D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small- other manner as may be prescribed. Each lot or batch, as far as
Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials practicable, consists of units of product of a single type, grade,
2.2 ASME/ANSI Standards:3 class, size, and composition, manufactured under essentially
ASME B18.3-2002 Socket Cap, Shoulder, Set Screws, Hex the same conditions and essentially the same time.
and Spline Keys 3.2.3 routine test, n—a test to which each individual device
is subjected during or after manufacture to ascertain whether it
1
complies with certain criteria.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on
Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of
3.2.4 sampling test, n—a test on a number of devices taken
Subcommittee F18.35 on Tools & Equipment. at random from a batch.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally 3.2.5 type test, n—a test of one or more devices made to a
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1505-07. DOI: certain design to show that the design meets certain specifica-
10.1520/F1505-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tions.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4
the ASTM website. Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),
3
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME 445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http://www.ieee.org.
5
International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:// Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
www.asme.org. Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

Copyright. (C) ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. box C-700 West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959, United States
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 F1505 – 10
4. Performance Requirements 4.10.4 Interchangeability of Components Made by Different
4.1 Insulated and insulating tools shall be designed and Manufacturers—Tools capable of being assembled and de-
manufactured in such a way that they do not constitute a danger signed to be interchangeable between different manufacturers
for the user or the installation if they are used properly. shall be specifically marked in accordance with 5.6.5. There are
4.2 The mechanical specifications for insulated and insulat- considerable difficulties in developing a unified standard for
ing hand tools having the same function shall comply with the the mechanical joining systems for components and tools for
corresponding ANSI or ISO standards. The mechanical perfor- different manufacturers. For safety reasons, only mechanically
mance of the working parts shall be maintained even after the locked retaining systems shall be used for these kind of tools.
application of any insulating layer(s). The insulation material Manufacturers shall include the following information in the
shall be such that it will adequately withstand the electrical, instructions for use: To ensure that the complete assembly of
mechanical, and thermal stresses to which it may be exposed insulated tool components from different manufacturers will
during normal use. Insulating hand tools specially designed for withstand separating forces that are expected during the
live working in an environment of live parts at different intended use, prior to the use of any assembly the use shall
potentials (boxes with electrical equipment, live working on ensure, by pulling by hand in a separating direction, that the
underground cables, etc.), that generally are used to hold or retaining devices of all used elements are working efficiently
move live conductors or to cut wires of small section, must and no component gets separated.
have adequate mechanical properties to avoid the risk of
breaking and the possible corresponding electrical conse- 5. Additional Requirements
quences. These tools shall be checked for compliance with 7.8. 5.1 Screwdrivers and Wrenches—The following uninsu-
4.3 All insulating material shall be flame resistant in accor- lated areas on the working head are permissible (see Fig. 2):
dance with 7.7. 5.1.1 Screwdrivers for slotted head screws, 15-mm (9⁄16-in.)
4.4 The insulating coating may consist of one or more maximum length,
layers. If two or more layers are utilized, contrasting colors 5.1.2 Other Types of Screwdrivers, 18-mm (3⁄4-in.) maxi-
shall be employed. mum length, and
4.5 The design and construction of the handles shall provide 5.1.3 Box Wrenches, Socket Wrenches, and T-Wrenches—
a secure handhold and prevent unintentional slipping. The working surfaces that contact the fastener.
4.6 The tool shall have an operating temperature range from 5.1.4 Engineer’s Wrenches—The working surface.
– 20 to + 70°C.
NOTE 1—At the request of the customer, the uninsulated area may be
4.7 The insulating material shall adhere securely to the
extended to the working head.
conductive parts of the tool and any outer layer of the material
over the temperature range from – 20 to + 70°C. 5.1.5 Bit Screwdrivers—Bit screwdrivers are regarded as
4.8 Tools intended for use at extremely low temperatures tools capable of being assembled. They shall meet the relevant
(–40°C) shall be designated “Category C” and shall be de- requirements. The outer diameter of the insulation may exceed
signed for this purpose. the dimensions of 5.2.
4.9 Double-ended tools such as box wrenches, keys for 5.1.6 Screwdrivers with Screw Retaining Devices—If a
hexagonal socket screws, double ended socket wrenches, screwdriver has a screw retaining device, the screwdriver itself
double-head open-end wrenches, etc., are not allowed for shall meet the requirements of this standard. The outer diam-
insulated tools but are allowed for insulating tools. eter of the retaining device may exceed the dimensions of 5.2.
4.10 Tools Capable of Being Assembled: The retaining device shall be made from insulating material.
4.10.1 Retaining Devices for Tools Capable of Being 5.2 The blade insulation of screwdrivers shall be bonded to
Assembled—Tools capable of being assembled shall have the handle. The outer diameter of the insulation, over a length
suitable retaining devices to prevent unintentional separation of of 30 mm (13⁄16 in.), in Area C of Fig. 2, shall not exceed the
the assembly. The retaining forces shall be tested in accordance width of the blade at the tip by more than 2 mm (1⁄16 in.). This
with 7.9. area may be parallel or tapered towards the tip.
4.10.2 Insulation Design for Tools Capable of Being 5.3 Pliers, Strippers, Cable Cutting Tools, Cable Scissors:
Assembled—In the case of connecting parts of tools capable of 5.3.1 The handle insulation shall have a guard so that the
being assembled, the insulation shall be applied in such a hand is prevented from slipping towards the uncovered metal
manner that if any part becomes detached during use, no parts of the head (see Fig. 3(a) as an example). The height of
conductive part, which may still be live, can be inadvertently the guard shall be sufficient to resist slippage of the fingers
touched or cause a disruptive charge. towards the conductive part during work. For pliers, the
4.10.3 Tools Capable of Being Assembled with Square minimum dimensions of the guard shall be 10 mm (3⁄8 in.) on
Drives—Tools capable of being assembled with square drives the left and the right side of the pliers positioned on a flat
shall have square drives and square sockets in accordance with surface, 5 mm (3⁄16 in.) on the upper and lower part of the pliers
ISO 1174-1 (for separating forces, see 7.9.1). To ensure positioned on a flat surface (see Fig. 3(a)).
compatibility of insulation between different manufacturers, 5.3.2 The minimum insulated distance between the inner
these tools shall be designated with overlapping elements edge of the guard and the non-insulated part shall be 12 mm (1⁄2
described in Fig. 1. Their dimensions and tolerances shall be in in.) (see Fig. 3(a).). The insulating material shall extend as far
accordance with Table 1. as possible towards the working end of the tool.

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres

FIG. 1 Description of the Insulating Overlapping Element and Different Assembly Configurations for Tools Capable of Being Assembled
with Square Drives (see 4.10.3)

TABLE 1 Dimensions and Tolerances of the Insulating Overlapping ElementA

NOTE—Dimensions in millimetres.
Nominal size I1 min I2 I3 d1 d2 d3 d4
+2 +.05 0 +1.5 0 +1.5
0 -.05 -1.5 0 –1.5 0
6.3 19 16 2 12.5 13 18 19
10 19 16 2 17.5 18 23 24
12.5 19 16 2 21.5 22 27 28
20 19 16 2 32 33 38 39
A
I1, I2, I3, d1, d2, d3, and d4 are described in Fig. 1

5.3.3 In the case of a slip joint and an adjustable joint plier, 5.3.5 If the handles of the tools exceed the length of 400 mm
a guard of 5 mm (3⁄16 in.) minimum shall be provided for the (16 in.), a guard is not required.
inner part of the handles (see Fig. 4). 5.4 Knives—The minimum length of the insulated handle
5.3.4 In the case of “micro tools” (that is, pliers and nippers shall be 100 mm (4 in.). The handle shall have a guard on the
for electronics) the dimensions of the guard shall be at least 5 side (see Fig. 3(b)) toward the blade to prevent the slipping of
mm on the left and right side of the pliers held on a flat surface the hand onto the conductive blade. The minimum height of the
and 3 mm on the upper part and the lower part of the pliers held guard shall be 5 mm (3⁄16 in.). The minimum insulated distance
on a flat surface. The minimum insulated distance between the
between the inner edge of the guard and the non-insulated part
inner edge of the guard and the non-insulated part shall extend
shall be 12 mm (1⁄2 in.) (see Fig. 3(b), letter b). The length of
as far as possible towards the working head (see Fig. 5).

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

NOTE 2—a = conductive part,
b = working part,
c = insulation, and
d = contact part.
FIG. 2 Illustrations of Insulation of Typical Tools—Examples (see 5.1 and 5.2)

the uninsulated part of the knife blade shall not be longer than 5.6 Marking—Each tool or tool component, or both, shall
65 mm (21⁄2-in.) (see Fig. 3(b), letter c). be marked permanently and legibly with the following infor-
5.5 Tweezers (see Fig. 6): mation:
5.5.1 The total length (l) shall be 130-mm (5-in.) minimum 5.6.1 On the insulating material layer or on the metal
and 200-mm (8-in.) maximum. The length of the handle (g) conductive part include the following information:
shall be 80-mm (3-in.) minimum. 5.6.1.1 Manufacturer’s name or trademark,
5.6.1.2 Type or product reference.
5.5.2 Both handles of the tweezers shall have a guard
5.6.2 On the insulating material layer include the following
towards the working head. The guard shall not be movable. Its
(see Fig. 7):
height h and width b shall be sufficient (5 mm (3⁄16 in.)
5.6.2.1 The double triangle symbol,
minimum, to prevent any slipping of the fingers during the
5.6.2.2 1000 V (the electrical working limit for alternating
work towards the uninsulated working head u. On both
current), and
handles, the insulated part between the guard and the working
5.6.2.3 Year of manufacture (at least the last two digits of
head e shall be 12-mm (1⁄2-in.) minimum and 35-mm (1-3⁄8-in.)
the year).
maximum.
5.6.2.4 For tools designed for use at extremely low tempera-
5.5.3 In the case of tweezers with a metallic working head, tures (–40°C), include letter “C”.
the metallic part shall have a minimum hardness of 35 HCR 5.6.2.5 The number of the relevant ASTM standard in the
(Rockwell Hardness – C Scale) at least from the working head vicinity of the symbol with the year of publication (ASTM
to the handles. F1505-07). Where there is a lack of space on the product itself,
5.5.4 The uninsulated length u of the working head shall not it is permissible to limit this marking to the number of the
exceed a length of 20 mm (3⁄4 in.). standard. In such case, the complete marking, including the
5.5.5 Insulating tweezers shall not have exposed conductive year of publication shall appear on the smallest unit container
parts. in which the product is packaged.

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 F1505 – 10
5.6.5 The symbol for tools capable of being assembled and
designed to be interchangeable between different
manufacturers—the marking symbol and the dimensions are
given in Fig. 9. The dimension H shall be greater than or equal
to 5 mm.
5.6.6 Additional markings where specified by the customer.
5.7 Instructions for Use—In the case of tools that require
assembly or adjustment, the proper method shall be stated in
the instructions for use. See Section 12.
6. Significance and Use
6.1 The performance and durability of the tools covered in
this specification are not covered beyond those referenced in
the applicable ASME, ANSI, or ISO standards.
6.2 The technical requirements of this specification either
meet or exceed IEC 60900:2004 at the time of issue.
7. Type Tests
7.1 General Test Specification—The following tests shall be
utilized to check compliance with the requirements outlined in
Sections 4 and 5:
7.1.1 Perform the test procedures in 7.2-7.10 on each
specimen sample in the sequence listed.
7.1.2 Perform the type tests on at least three samples of the
same batch.
7.1.3 If there is any change in the design or manufacture of
the tool since the last type test, repeat the type test.
7.1.4 Should a sample fail any part of the type tests, repeat
the type tests on at least six additional samples of the same
batch. Should any one sample then fail in any part of the
repeated type test, the whole test is to be regarded as having
failed.
7.1.5 Unless stated in the specification, perform the test
after a minimum storage time of 16 h under IEC climatic
conditions; 23 6 5°C, relative humidity 45 to 75 %.
7.1.6 Unless otherwise stated, deviations of 5 % from any
test values required are permissible.
(a) Insulation of Pliers 7.1.7 All tools that have failed the test shall be either
(b) Insulation of Knives
destroyed or rendered unsuitable for use in live working. This
NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres. also applies to any other tools from the batch unless the test is
NOTE 2—a = insulated handle or leg, nondestructive. In this case, all tools shall be tested.
b = guard, 7.2 Visual and Dimensional Check:
c = working head (not insulated), and 7.2.1 Visual—The tool and insulation shall be visually
d = distance between the inner edge of the guard and the checked and shall be determined to be free from external
non-insulated part.
defects. The marking shall be checked for legibility and
FIG. 3 (a and b) Illustrations of Insulation of Pliers and Knives
(see 5.3.1, 5.3.2 and 5.4) completeness in accordance with 5.6.
7.2.2 Dimensional—Check the dimensions in accordance
with Section 5.
5.6.3 The double triangle symbol shall be at least 3 mm (1⁄8 7.3 Impact Test:
in.) high. The letters and the figures shall be at least 2 mm (1⁄16 7.3.1 Perform the test in accordance with one of the two
in.) high (see Fig. 8). alternatives shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11. The hardness of the
5.6.4 The voltage markings described in 5.6.2 shall be the hammer shall be at least 20 HRC.
only voltage shown on the tool. 7.3.2 Select at least three points of the insulating material or
NOTE 2—The indication of a test voltage may lead to the erroneous insulating layer as testing points, these being points that could
assumption that the tool is suitable for work at that voltage. be damaged when the tool drops on a flat surface.

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres

FIG. 4 Example for Insulation of the Handles of Multiple-Position, Adjustable and Slip-Joint Pliers (see 5.3.3)

7.3.3 The test is passed if the insulating material shows no 7.3.6.2 The impact test shall take place within 2 min after
breaks, exfoliation, or cracks penetrating the insulating layer of removal from the cooling chamber. The ambient temperature
the insulated tool, or are likely to reduce the solidity of the shall be 23 6 5°C.
insulating tool. 7.3.6.3 Determine the fall height H as a function of its
7.3.4 Ambient Temperature Test: weight, P, so that the energy, W, of the impact on the tool to be
7.3.4.1 Test the tool at the ambient temperature (23 6 5°C) tested shall be equal to that of the tool falling from a height of
of the test room. 0.6 m onto a hard surface.
7.3.4.2 Determine the fall height H as a function of its
weight, P, so that the energy, W, of impact on the tool to be H 5 ~W!/~P! 5 ~0.6 3 F!/~P! (2)
tested shall be equal to that of this tool falling from a height of where:
2 m onto a hard surface: H = fall height of the hammer, m,
H 5 ~W! / ~P! 5 ~2 3 F! / ~P! (1) F = weight of the tool tested, N, and
P = weight of the hammer, N.
where:
7.4 Dielectric Test Conditioning Before Testing—Condition
H = fall height of the hammer, m,
F = weight of the tool tested, N, and the tools by total immersion in a bath of tap water at room
P = weight of the hammer, N. temperature (23 6 5°C) for a period of 24 6 0.5 h.
7.3.5 Low-Temperature Test: 7.4.1 In the case of tools capable of being field assembled,
7.3.5.1 Condition the tool by placement in a cooling cham- the water immersion shall be replaced by a storage at a relative
ber for 2 h at –25 6 3°C. humidity between 91 % and 95 % at a temperature of 23 6 5°C
7.3.5.2 The impact test shall take place within 2 min after for 48 h. Tools shall not be assembled prior to conditioning.
removal from the cooling chamber. The ambient temperature
shall be 23 6 5°C. The impact test shall be carried out NOTE 3—This humidity may be obtained by storage in a closed
chamber which contains a saturated solution of sodium sulfate decahy-
according to 7.3.4.2.
drate Na2SO4· 10H2O (Glauber’s salt) having a large exposed surface.
7.3.6 Extreme Low Temperature Test:
7.3.6.1 The tool shall be conditioned by placement in a 7.4.2 After this conditioning, wipe the tools dry and submit
cooling chamber for 2 h at –40°C 6 3°C. to the dielectric tests:

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres

FIG. 5 Illustration of Insulation of Pliers and Nippers for Electronics (see 5.3.4)

7.4.3 Insulated Tools—Immerse the sample tool with its positions, if applicable. The test is considered passed if no
insulated part in a bath of tap water to a level of 24 6 2 mm electrical puncture, sparkover, or flashover occurs during the
(1 6 1⁄16 in.) from the nearest non-insulated part. The conduc- test period, and the limits of the leakage current are not
tive part shall be above water level (see Fig. 12). exceeded.
7.4.3.1 Test pliers and similar tools in such a position that 7.4.3.5 Dielectric Tests of Tools Capable of Being As-
the gap “d” between the two inner sides of the insulated sembled with Square Drives (see 4.10.3)—In case of tools
handles is 2 to 3 mm (1⁄16 to 1⁄8 in.), or the minimum possible capable of being assembled with square drives, the tools can be
by the tools construction, but not less than 2 mm (1⁄16 in.) (see tested in separate parts, if the parts are assembled with
Fig. 12). dummies described in Fig. 13. The dimensions and tolerances
7.4.3.2 For tools capable of being field assembled, replace of the dummies shall be in accordance with Table 2. Dummy
the water bath with a bath of 3 mm (1⁄8 in.) diameter nickel part 1 shall be assembled with female tool ends and dummy
stainless steel balls measured with normal industrial tolerances. part 2 with male tool ends. On all single parts tested with
7.4.3.3 Continuously apply a voltage of 10 kV (rms) at dummies, the dielectric testing on the complete assembly is not
commercial power frequencies for 3 min and measure the required. The test shall be considered successful if no electrical
leakage current. This current shall be less than 1 mA for 200 puncture, sparkover or flashover occurs during the test period,
mm (8 in.) of coated tool. This corresponds to a maximum and if the limits of leakage current are not exceeded.
value of the leakage current of: I = 5L 7.4.4 Insulating Tools—Dielectric Test Between the Working
Head and the Handle (or Handles):
where:
7.4.4.1 Tools having a metallic working head shall be tested
I = leakage current rounded to the upper value, mA, and
L = coated developed length in m (rounded to the lower in accordance with 7.4.3.
value in centimeters). 7.4.4.2 Tools Having No Exposed Metal Parts—The pur-
pose of this test is to check the dielectric quality of the material
NOTE 4—Appendix X1 gives examples of calculations of the developed used for the handles. Electrodes (see Fig. 14) of conductive
length of coating and the limits of acceptable leakage current. tape, foil, or conductive paint 5-mm (3⁄16-in.) wide are placed
7.4.3.4 Test tools capable of being field assembled in all on the surface of the handles at 24 6 2-mm (15⁄16 6 1⁄16-in.)
possible variations. Test tools with holding devices on both end spacing.

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 F1505 – 10

l = total length of the tweezers

g = length of the handle (grip)
b = width of the guard
h = height of the guard
e = insulated part of the handle between the guard and the working head
u = uninsulated part of the working head
FIG. 6 Example for Insulation of the Handles of Tweezers (see 5.5)

NOTE 1—The specific markings and the order of the markings may vary
depending on the product.
FIG. 7 Example of Markings on Insulating Materials, Consisting
of (see 5.6.2): The double triangle symbol, the voltage rating for
the tool, an example of a manufacturer’s date code (YR:WK), the
low temperature (–40°C) symbol, and the relevant ASTM standard

7.4.4.3 A voltage of 10 kV rms at commercial power NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

frequencies shall be continuously applied for 3 min in accor- NOTE 2—For the symbol, the exact ratio of the height of the figure to
dance with Test Method D149 between each adjacent elec- the base of the triangle is 1.43. For the purpose of convenience, this ratio
can be between the values of 1.4 and 1.5.
trode. Measure the leakage current. The test is successful if no FIG. 8 Suitable for Live Working Symbol: Double Triangle with
electrical puncture or flashover occurs during the test period, Voltage Indication (see 5.6.3)
and if the leakage current measured is less than 0.5 mA
multiplied by the number of spaces between the electrodes. accordance with Fig. 15(a) in a heating chamber with natural
7.5 Indentation Tests (for Insulated Tools): ventilation. The part of the mass, m, that contacts the test piece
7.5.1 All parts of the insulated coating electrically tested in shall be a stainless steel hemispheric nose piece of 5-mm
accordance with 7.4 shall pass this test. Perform the test on the (3⁄16-in.) diameter. The applied force F shall be 20 N (4.5 lbf).
most vulnerable part(s) for screwdrivers with insulated blades, 7.5.3 If the radius, r, at the test point is less than 10 mm (3⁄8
and for other tools, at the external middle part of the handles. in.), use a rod of 4-mm (3⁄16-in.) diameter at least 30-mm
7.5.2 If the radius, r, at the test point is greater than or equal (13⁄16-in.) length with the same force, F, of 20 N (4.5 lbf) placed
to 10 mm (3⁄8 in.), make the test with a test device in at right angles to the tool axis (see Fig. 15(b)).

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 F1505 – 10
its initial location on the conductive part, and if there is no
breakage of the insulating material.
7.6.3 Test on the Insulation of the Blade of Screwdrivers:
7.6.3.1 Perform the test on a screwdriver with the testing
apparatus as shown in Fig. 18. The penetration depth of the
cutting edges of the testing apparatus shall not exceed 50 % of
the thickness, t, of the insulating material coating. Place the
cutting edges on the blade insulation 10 to 15 mm (3⁄8 to 5⁄8 in.)
from the point where the blade emerges from the handle or
from the body of the tools capable of being assembled acting
as screwdrivers.
7.6.3.2 If the cutting edges slide on the insulation, it is
permissible to cut a groove up to 50 % of the thickness into the
blade insulation to prevent movement.
7.6.3.3 The force, F, in Newtons shall be equal to 35 times
NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres. the blade diameter or 35 times the greatest dimension of the
FIG. 9 Marking Symbol for Tools Capable of Being Assembled blade cross section in millimetres. The maximum force to be
and Designed to be Interchangeable Between Different
applied is 200 N. It shall be applied in the axial direction to the
Manufacturers (see 5.6.5)
blade for 1 min.
7.6.3.4 The test is considered passed if the insulating
7.5.4 Position the tool in such a way that the insulating coating does not move more than 3 mm (1⁄8 in.) from its initial
material coating at the test point is in a horizontal position. location on the conductive part and if there is no breakage of
After setting up the testing device, hold the arrangement in the insulating material.
accordance with Practice D618 (2h[sol]70°C[sol]<20 %). At 7.6.4 Test of Adhesion of the Insulation of the Complete
the end of the heating time and after a cooling period outside Tool:
the chamber of 5 min, apply a voltage of 5 kV rms at 7.6.4.1 Conduct the test on pliers, strippers, cable-cutting
commercial power frequencies continuously between the test- tools, cable scissors, and knives with the testing apparatus in
ing device and the conductive part of the tool for 3 min in accordance with Fig. 19. Apply the force, F, of 500 N (112.4
accordance with Test Method D149. The test is successful if no lbf) for 3 min.
electrical puncture, sparkover, or flashover occurs during the
7.6.4.2 The test is considered passed if the handle(s) remain
test period.
firmly attached to the conductive part(s), and if the guard(s)
7.6 Test for Adhesion of the Insulating Material Coating for
remain firmly attached to the handle.
Insulated Tools:
7.6.1 Conditioning—Condition the tools before the test in a NOTE 5—Deformation of the insulation coating is not considered a
heating chamber with normal ventilation at a temperature of 70 failure.
6 3°C for 168 h in accordance with Test Method D149.
7.6.5 Test of Adhesion of Insulating Covers of Conductive
Perform the following tests at room temperature between the
Adjusting or Switching Elements—A separating force of 50 N
third and fifth minute after removal from the heating chamber
shall be applied to the cover in a possible separating direction
in accordance with Practice D618.
by a suitable device for 3 min. The test shall be considered
7.6.2 Test on the Working Head—Make the test on the
passed if the covers do not come off the elements they are
following tools: wrenches, that is, open-end, box-end, and
insulating, if the function of the elements they are insulating is
adjustable wrenches; any other tool with a covered working
still given and if the dielectric test of 8.3 is passed after this
head; and, tools capable of being assembled, except for pieces
test. Deformation of the covers due to this test is not considered
acting as screwdrivers. The test may be carried out using either
a failure. If covers are used in areas that are not touched during
method in Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 respectively.
work, this test need not be performed. Also, the test need not be
7.6.2.1 Test Method A (see Fig. 16)—Place a hook having a
performed where the design of the sealing elements does not
cutting edge of 5-mm (3⁄16-in.) width in such a manner that it
allow application of a separating force.
does not touch the conductive part. Apply a force, F, of 50 N
(11.25 lbf) in the direction of the line dividing the insulating 7.7 Flame Resistance Test—Perform the test in a draft-free
material coating from the conductive part for 3 min. room. Clamp the sample in a horizontal position. Arrange a
7.6.2.2 Test Method B (see Fig. 17)—Place a device having small burner in such a way that the axis of the burner nozzle
the cutting edges, each of 5-mm (3⁄16-in.) width, on the working and the axis of the handle of the tool are at right angles and
head in such a manner that they do not touch the conductive form a vertical plane. The gas supply shall be technical grade
part. Apply a force, F, of 100 N (22.4 lbf) in the direction of the methane gas with a suitable regulator and meter to produce a
dividing line of the insulating material coating and the con- uniform gas flow.
ductive part for 3 min. NOTE 6—If natural gas is used as an alternative to methane, its heat
7.6.2.3 Either test is considered passed if the insulating content should be approximately 37 MJ/m3 that has been found to provide
material coating does not move more than 3 mm (1⁄8 in.) from similar results.

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(a) Method A

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 10 Example of Test Arrangements for the Low-Temperature Impact Test (see 7.3.1)

7.7.1 The nozzle of the burner shall have a diameter of 9.5 tool. At the start of the test, the tip of the testing flame should
6 0.5 mm (3⁄8 6 1⁄32 in.) to produce a 20 6 2-mm (3⁄4 6 1⁄16-in.) touch the insulating material at the lower part of the working
high blue flame. Place the burner remote from the sample and head facing the sample (see Fig. 20). The horizontal reference
adjust in the vertical position to produce a blue flame 20 6 2 line d of Fig. 20 at the level of the lower end of the insulating
mm (3⁄4 6 1⁄16 in.) high. The flame then is obtained by adjusting material, is the datum for measuring the flame height on the
the gas supply and the air ports of the burner until a 20 6 2-mm sample. If different types of insulating material are used for the
(3⁄4 6 1⁄16-in.) yellow-tipped blue flame is produced, then same tool, conduct the test made on each individual type
increase the air supply until the yellow tip disappears. Measure insulating material.
the height of the flame again, and correct if necessary.
7.7.3 The testing flame shall act upon the specimen for 10 s.
NOTE 7—A burner conforming to Specification D5025 will meet these After this period, withdraw the testing flame. Ensure that no air
requirements. draft interferes with the test. Observe the propagation of the
7.7.2 Place the burner in the test position as shown in Fig. flame on the sample for 20 s after the withdrawal of the testing
20 with the axis of the flame being at right angles to that of the flame. The test is considered passed if the flame height, h, on

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(a) Method B

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 11 Example of Test Arrangements for the Low-Temperature Impact Test (see 7.3.1)

the sample does not exceed 120 mm (4-3⁄4 in.) during the 20 s N. The test is considered passed if there is no break in any part
of the observation period and there are no drops of melted of the tool and if the ends of the legs do not meet.
material. (b) Torque Test (see Fig. 22(b))—Connect the pliers by
7.8 Mechanical Tests: means of a test piece to a device capable of measuring the
7.8.1 Insulated Tools—The tools shall comply with all torque.
specific mechanical requirements of ANSI/ASME or ISO
(c) In the case of flat nose pliers, the test piece shall be of
standards corresponding to the different types of tools. The
steel, 12-mm (1⁄2-in.) wide and 3-mm (1⁄8-in.) thick. Insert into
manufacturers shall provide the certificates of these tests at the
the jaws for a distance of 6 6 1 mm (1⁄4 6 1⁄32 in.).
request of the customer.
7.8.2 Insulating Tools—Insulating tools specifically de- (d) In the case of round-nose pliers, the test piece shall
signed for live working may have lower stress resistance than have two parallel holes or grooves with center-axis and
insulated tools, but they shall withstand the expected work diameter adapted to allow the plier noses to be inserted to a
loads without failing due to remaining deformation or breaking depth of 6 6 1 mm (1⁄4 6 1⁄32 in.). The edges of the holes or
(see Appendix X5). grooves shall be rounded. The test pieces shall have a hardness
7.8.2.1 Pliers and Nippers—Test these tools as follows: of at least 50 HRC. Tighten the legs of the pliers between the
(a) Bending Test of the Handles (see Fig. 21—A force, F, Points A and B, defined by the Length b, with force P equal to
in Newtons shall be applied to the legs as indicated in Fig. 21 the force F indicated for the bending test. The force in F
for 3 min. If L in millimeters is smaller than 100 mm (4 in.), F (Newtons) = 0.5 L (millimeters) with a maximum of 50 N (11.2
= 0.5 L; if L is equal to or greater than 100 mm (4 in.), F = 50 lbf).

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 F1505 – 10
7.9.3.2 Gradually apply the load along the dismantling
direction to reach the value given in 7.9.1 and 7.9.2 within 2 s.
Hold for 1 min. The test is considered passed if the assembly
does not come apart.
7.10 Durability of Marking—Rub the tools for 15 s with a
rag soaked in water and then for 15 s with a rag soaked in
mineral spirits. After this rubbing, the markings shall still be
legible.
8. Routine Tests
8.1 Routine tests are performed to detect critical defects.
8.2 Visual Check—Visually check the tool according to
7.2.1. Tools failing the visual inspection shall be either repaired
or rejected.
8.3 Dielectric Test—Test tools in accordance with 7.4, but
with the following modifications:
8.3.1 Conditioning as specified in 7.4 is not necessary.
8.3.2 The test time shall be 10 s after reaching the specified
voltage.
8.3.3 The leakage current measurement shall not be carried
NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres. out.
NOTE 2— 8.3.4 The distance of the water level (or ball level) from the
a = conductive working head, nearest exposed metal part shall be 24 mm + 4 / – 2 mm (1 in.
b = tap water bath, + 1⁄8 / – 1⁄16 in.).
c = insulated part of the tool, and
8.4 Test tools capable of being assembled either as a
d = gap to be maintained between the two inner sides of the legs.
FIG. 12 Electrical Testing Device for Insulated Tools (see 7.4.3
complete assembly or as separate parts.
and 7.4.3.1) 8.4.1 The test method used shall be equivalent to the
requirements for surface contact in accordance with 7.4.3.
8.5 Tools failing dielectric tests shall be rejected. Rejected
(e) Hold correctly the handles of the pliers in order to be tools shall be either destroyed or rendered unsuitable for use.
able to resist the torque. 9. Sampling Tests
(f) The test is considered passed if the tools withstand a 9.1 The sampling procedure shall be based on the type test
torque of 5 N·m (3.7 ft·lb) without any visible permanent procedures in conformance with Appendix X3.
deformation.
7.8.2.2 Tweezers—A clamping force of 10 N shall be 10. Acceptance Test
applied 10 mm behind the guard, clamping a test piece with a 10.1 The customer shall specify these tests in the contract
thickness of 2 mm, a width and length of 10 mm and a hardness with the manufacturer (see Appendix X2).
of not less than 35 HRC. This tress shall not cause any 10.2 The manufacturer shall keep records of all tests in
permanent deformation. accordance with the manufacturer’s quality control procedures,
7.9 Locking Test—Assemble tools that consist of more than for inspection by a prospective customer.
one part in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 10.3 Records also shall be kept of any additional tests
requested by the customer.
7.9.1 Tools With Spring-Loaded Balls—For tools capable of
being assembled with spring-loaded balls, use the following 11. Quality Assurance Plan
values:
11.1 In order to ensure the delivery of products that meet
7.9.1.1 4 N (0.89 lbf) for the square drive of 6.3 mm (1⁄4 in.), this specification, the manufacturer shall employ an approved
7.9.1.2 11 N (2.7 lbf) for the square drive of 10 mm (3⁄8 in.), quality assurance plan that complies with the provisions of ISO
7.9.1.3 30 N (6.74 lbf) for the square drive of 12.5 mm (1⁄2 9000 series.
in.), and 11.2 The quality assurance plan shall ascertain that the
7.9.1.4 80 N (17.98 lbf) for the square drive exceeding 12.5 product meets the requirements contained in this specification.
mm (1⁄2 in.). 11.3 At a minimum, the sampling procedure contained in
this specification shall be carried out (see Appendix X3).
7.9.2 Tools With Screwed Fittings—In the case of screwed
fittings, use a load of 500 N (112 lbf). 12. In-Service Care
7.9.3 Procedure: 12.1 Other instructions, such as inspection criteria, test
7.9.3.1 Maintain the tool in such a position that the disman- methods and frequency shall be provided by the manufacturer.
tling direction of the detachable part is vertical and down- 12.2 Field inspection, cleaning and proper storage shall be
wards. performed by the user (see Appendix X4).

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Left figure—Dummy part 1 to be used with female tool ends.

Right figure—Dummy part 2 to be used with male tool ends.
Dimensions in millimetres.
FIG. 13 Description of Dummies for Electrical Tests for Tools Capable of Being Assembled with Square Drives (see 7.4.3.5)

TABLE 2 Dimensions and Tolerances for Dummies to be used for Dielectric TestsA

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

Nominal size L16 0.1 L26 0.1 E16 0.05 D16 0.05 D26 0.05 D36 0.05
6.3 19 16 8.4 11 14.5 16.5
10 19 16 12.7 16 19.5 21.5
12.5 19 16 16.9 29 23.5 25.5
20 19 16 25.4 30.5 34.5 35.6
A
L1, L2, E1, D1, D2 and D3 are described in Fig. 13

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 14 Dielectric Testing Device for Insulating Tools (see 7.4.4.2)

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Left figure—(a) Radius at the Test Point of the Tool $ 10 mm.
Right figure—(b) Radius at the Test Point of the Tool < 10 mm.
Dimensions in millimetres.
NOTE 2—For Fig. 15(a):
a = conductive part,
b = insulation (test point),
c = hemispheric nose-piece,
R = radius at the test point of the tool, and
m = testing mass.
NOTE 3—For Fig. 15(b):
a = conductive part,
b = insulation (test point),
c = rod, and
R = radius at the test point of the tool.
FIG. 15 Indentation Test (see 7.5.2 and 7.5.3)

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 F1505 – 10

(a) Method A—Test on the Working Head

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

NOTE 2—
a = hook (the length of the leg depends on the size of the tool),
b = conductive parts,
c = insulating material coating, and
l = length of the short arm of the hook.
FIG. 16 Principle of the Testing Device for Checking Adhesion of the Insulating Coating on Metallic Parts of the Tool (see 7.6.2 and
7.6.2.1)

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

NOTE 2—s = depth of penetration (s = 0.5 t max),
t = thickness of the insulating material coating,
F = testing force, and
a = spacing between the point where the blade comes out of
the handle and the cutting edge of the testing appliance.
FIG. 18 Testing Device for Checking Adhesion of the Insulating
(a) Method B—Test on the Working Head
Coating of Screwdrivers on Conductive Parts and the Handle
(see 7.6.3.1)
NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.
FIG. 17 Principle of the Testing Device for Checking Adhesion of
the Insulating Coating on Metallic Parts of the Tool (see 7.6.2 and
7.6.2.2)

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 F1505 – 10

(a) Pliers
(b) Knife
FIG. 19 Examples of Mountings for Checking Stability of
Adhesion of the Insulation of the Entire Tool (see 7.6.4.1)

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 F1505 – 10

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

NOTE 2—
a = test piece,
b = tip of the flame,
c = burner,
d = horizontal reference line, and
e = maximum flame height, h.
FIG. 20 Example of a Flame Retardancy Test Arrangement (see 7.7.2)

NOTE 1—F (newtons) = 0.5 L (mm), with a maximum of 50 N.

FIG. 21 Insulating Pliers—Bending Test on Legs (see 7.8.2.1)

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 F1505 – 10

(a) Insulating Pliers

(b) Torque Test

NOTE 1—Dimensions in millimetres.

NOTE 2—e = the distance between the axis of the holes depends on the
dimensions of the nose.
NOTE 3—P =F (newtons) = 0.5 L (mm) with a maximum of 50 N.
FIG. 22 Insulating Pliers—Torque Test (see 7.8.2.1)

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 F1505 – 10

APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. EXAMPLES OF CALCULATION OF THE DEVELOPED LENGTH OF COATING AND ACCEPTABLE LEAKAGE
CURRENT

FIG. X1.1

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X2. ACCEPTANCE TESTS

X2.1 An acceptance test is a contractual test to prove to the X2.3 The customer however, may ask for additional tests or
customer that the device meets certain conditions of its modify the sampling size. These modifications must be in-
specification. These tests may be carried out on every unit cluded in their specification.
(routine tests) or on a sampling of the units (sampling tests).
X2.4 The customer may wish to witness the tests, have
X2.2 If a customer indicates in this specification that the someone witness them, or simply accept the results of the tests
device must meet this specification only, the acceptance tests as carried out by the manufacturer. It may be specified that the
are those (both routine and sampling), which are specified in tests be carried out in an independent laboratory of the
this specification. customer’s choosing or even in his own laboratory.

X3. SAMPLING PROCEDURE

X3.1 General TABLE X3.2 Major Defects

X3.1.1 Sampling tests shall be done in accordance with and Acceptance
Batch or Lot Size Sample Size Rejection Number
Number
in the sequence described in Section 7.
Up to 15 2 0 1
X3.2 Classification of Defects 16–50 3 0 1
51–150 5 0 1
X3.2.1 Defects are classified as major or minor. Table X3.1 151–500 8 0 1
gives the nature of defects in relation with the tests specified 501–3200 13 1 2
3201–35000 20 1 2
for the sampling procedure.
X3.3 General Sampling Plan
TABLE X3.3 Minor Defects
X3.3.1 Plans for Major Defects—For major defects, Table
Acceptance
X3.2 is limited to 35 000 units. For lots equal to or larger than Batch or Lot Size Sample Size
Number
Rejection Number
35 001, use other test lots less than 35 000 according to Table
Up to 50 2 0 1
X3.2. 51–500 3 0 1
501–35000 5 1 2
TABLE X3.1 Classification of Defects
Description of Test Section Minor Defect Major Defect
Dimensional 7.2 X
Impact 7.3 X X3.3.2 Plans for Minor Defects—For minor defects, Table
Dielectric 7.4 X
Indentation 7.5 X X3.2 is limited to 35 000 units. For lots equal to or larger than
Adhesion 7.6 X 35 001, use other test lots less than 35 000 according to Table
Flame retardancy 7.7 X
Mechanical 7.8 X
X3.3.
Locking 7.9 X
Durability of 7.10 X
marking

X4. RECOMMENDATION FOR USE AND IN-SERVICE CARE

X4.1 This appendix is for guidance only for the mainte- protected from excessive heat (for example heating or steam
nance, inspection, retest, and use of hand tools after purchase. pipes) as well as UV-radiation.
X4.1.1 Storage—Insulated or insulating hand tools should X4.1.2 Inspection Before Use—Before each use, the hand
be stored properly to minimize risk of damage to the insulation tool should be inspected visually by the user. If there is any
due to storage or transportation. These tools should be stored doubt concerning the safety of the tool it should either be
generally separated from other tools to avoid mechanical scrapped or subject to examination by a competent person and
damage or confusion. Furthermore, these tools should be retested if necessary.

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X4.1.3 Temperature—According to their compatibility, service. In case of doubt after visual examination, the pre-
tools should be used only in areas having ambient temperature scribed dielectric test shall apply (see 8.3).
between –20 and +70°C and, for tools marked “C”, between X4.1.5 Cleaning—Keep the insulated portion of the tools
–40 and +70°C. clean, dry and free of surface contaminants. Clean and lubri-
X4.1.4 Periodic Examination and Electrical Retesting—An cate tools as needed according to the manufacturer’s
annual visual examination by a competent person is recom- recommendations.
mended to determine the suitability of the tool for further

X5. MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF INSULATING TOOLS

INTRODUCTION

Hand tools complying with ANSI/ASME or ISO standards are often tested with test loads for
beyond loads that can really be applied by hand. Among the reasons for this are:
—the application of these universal tools is not always known in detail, and
—such tools are required to resist various improper uses that are to be expected, without failing and
endangering the user.
For live working, the workers have to have a much better training level, and the applications of
some tools are very well defined. The following informative proposals are based on loads that can be
applied by hand only and under regular conditions.
Insulating tools specially designed for live working applications may have lower stress resistance
than insulated tools, if they withstand the expected work loads without failing due to permanent
deformation or breaking.

X5.1 General X5.3 Insulating Wrenches and Ratchets

X5.1.1 To check the ability of insulating tools to withstand X5.3.1 Wrenches and ratchets: maximum hand force = 500
the expected maximum workloads specified in X5.1 to X5.4, N.
tests should be performed in accordance with the test proce- X5.3.2 The force is applied 35 mm away from the outer
dures defined in ANSI/ASME or ISO standards for similar extremities of the handles right angled to the axle of the work
insulated tools. If such ANSI/ASME or ISO standards do not piece to be turned.
exist, test may be specified by the manufacturer or by the
customer. X5.4 Insulating T-wrenches
X5.1.2 If insulating tools are equipped with devices that
limit the workloads that can be applied with them, for example X5.4.1 T-wrenches: maximum hand force = 250 N.
overload slipping clutches, these limiting devices are activated X5.4.2 The force is applied simultaneously on both handles
before these tools reach the test loads specified hereafter. in opposite directions, 35 mm away from the outer extremities
of the handles right angled to the axle of the work piece to be
X5.2 Insulating Screwdrivers turned.
X5.2.1 See Table X5.1.
X5.5 Insulating Pliers and Cable Shears
TABLE X5.1 Torque Values for Insulating Screwdrivers
X5.5.1 A hand load test in accordance with ISO 5744 should
Blade Diameter Test Torque be performed with a hand load of 500 N.
mm N·m
X5.5.2 The load is to be applied 35 mm away from the outer
More than 8.0 10
6.5 to 7.9 8.0 extremities of the handles squeezing the handles.
5.5 to 6.4 5.5 X5.5.3 A torsion test in accordance with ISO 5744 should
4.5 to 5.4 4.5
4.0 to 4.4 2.5 be performed for gripping pliers with a flat nose. The hand
3.5 to 3.9 1.3 force for clamping is to be 350 N, applied 35 mm away from
3.0 to 3.4 0.7 the outer extremities of the handle. The torque to be applied is
2.5 to 2.9 0.4
Up to 2.4 0.3 4 N-m. The maximum permissible twist angle at the torque is
20°.

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 F1505 – 10
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee F18 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (F1505-07)
that may impact the use of this standard.

(1) The Scope section 1.2 was modified to cover maintenance X4.1.4, Periodic Examination and Electrical Retesting, are
of these types of tools. consistent with the committee’s intent of requiring a dielectric
(2) Section 5.7 was modified removing references to other retest only in the event of failing the visual examination.
instructions in the appendix and in its place, specifically added (4) Other changes included adding guidance regarding clean-
within the body of the standard is Section 12, In-Service Care. ing in X4.1.5.
(3) The modifications made to Appendix X4, specifically

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