Unit 2:

Installation and Configuration of Android

[ 6 - 8 marks ]

Alfiya Mulla
Lecturer, Computer Engg.
A.I. ARKP, Panvel
Unit Outcome
• Describe function of the given component to operate the specified IDE.
• Explain the given term related to virtual machine.
• Explain the given basic term related to Android development tools.
• Describe the features of given android emulator.
• Describe the steps to configure the given android development environment
Important Questions
1. Define Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM). [2m] [S22]
2. Differentiate between DVM and JVM. [4m] [S22 , sample]
3. Write down the steps to install and configure Android studio. [4m] [s22 , sample]
4. Define Android Virtual Devices (AVD). [2m]
5. Explore the Steps to install and configure Android Studio and SDK. [4m, sample]
6. Explain ADT Plugins in detail. [2m,sample]
7. Define Emulator. [2m,sample]
8. Explain features of Android SDK. [4m, W22]
Operating System

• To develop an Android program, the necessary supporting OS are:

1. Windows
a. Windows XP (32 bit)
b. Vista (32bit or 64 bit)
c. Windows 7 (32bit or 64 bit)
d. Windows 8 / 10 (32bit or 64 bit)

2. Mac OS X (10.5.8 or later (Intel chips only))

3. Linux (Ubuntu Linux version 8.04 or later)

Java JDK
The JDK is a development environment for building applications, applets, and
components using the Java programming language. The JDK includes tools useful
for developing and testing programs written in the Java programming language and
running on the Java platform.
Android SDK
• It allows developers to create application for Android.
• Android SDK = tools + packages
• It provides the tools and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for
developers to create applications on the Android platform using the Java
Programming Language.

Android SDK

Debugger Libraries Emulator Documentation Sample Code Tutorials

Features of Android SDK 4 marks

• Android SDK is a collection of libraries and Software Development

tools that are essential for Developing Android Applications.
• Whenever Google releases a new version or update of Android
Software, a corresponding SDK also releases with it. In the updated or
new version of SDK, some more features are included which are not
present in the previous version.
• Android SDK consists of some tools which are very essential for the
development of Android Application. These tools provide a smooth
flow of the development process from developing and debugging.
Android SDK is compatible with all operating systems such as
Windows, Linux, macOS, etc.
Features of Android SDK
1. Android Tool: This tool helps in managing the Android Virtual Device projects
as well as the installed components of the software development kit.
2. Emulator Tool: It helps us in testing the applications without the need of using
the application on an actual device.
3. Dalvik Debug Monitor Server(DDMS): DDMS is very useful for debugging
the Android Application.
4. Android Debug Bridge (ADB): It is a very versatile command-line tool and is
helpful for the communication between the developer and the Emulator or the
Android device that is connected.
Android ADT

• Android Development Tools (ADT) is a plugin for the Eclipse IDE that is designed to
give you a powerful, integrated environment in which to build Android applications.

• ADT allows you to quickly set up new Android projects, create an application UI, add
packages based on the Android Framework API, debug your applications using the
Android SDK tools, and even export signed (or unsigned) .apk files in order to distribute
your application.

• Developing with ADT is highly recommended and is the fastest way to get started.
ADT Tools
1. Android Studio : Official IDE for all Android application
2. Android Debug Bridge: Command-line tool or “bridge”, Overall debugging.
3. Android Virtual Device Manager: Manages Android Virtual Devices.
4. Eclipse: Android app development IDE.
5. Fabric: helps to build better mobile apps. (kit includes beta-testing to
marketing and advertising tools.
6. FlowUp: helps to monitor the performance of apps in production.
7. GameMaker: stdio : creates 2-d android games
8. Genymotion: Another Android emulator. Popular among game developers.
9. Gradle: Build system for Android
10. IntelliJ IDEA: Android application development IDE.
AVD (Android Virtual Device)
• An Android Virtual Device (AVD) is a configuration that defines the
characteristics of an Android phone, tablet, Wear OS, Android TV, or Automotive
OS device that you want to simulate in the Android Emulator. The AVD Manager
is an interface you can launch from Android Studio that helps you create and
manage AVDs.
Emulator

• Emulation refers to the ability of a computer program in an electronic

device to emulate (or imitate) another program or device.
 Run apps on the Android Emulator
• The Android Emulator simulates Android devices on your computer so that you can test your
application on a variety of devices and Android API levels without needing to have each
physical device. The emulator offers these advantages:
• Flexibility: In addition to being able to simulate a variety of devices and Android API levels,
the emulator comes with predefined configurations for various Android phone, tablet, Wear
OS, and Android TV devices.
• High fidelity: The emulator provides almost all the capabilities of a real Android device. You
can simulate incoming phone calls and text messages, specify the location of the device,
simulate different network speeds, simulate rotation and other hardware sensors, access the
Google Play Store, and much more.
• Speed: Testing your app on the emulator is in some ways faster and easier than doing so on a
physical device. For example, you can transfer data faster to the emulator than to a device
connected over USB.
• In most cases, the emulator is the best option for your testing needs.
Emulator System Requirements
For the best experience, you should use the emulator in Android Studio on a
computer with at least the following specs:

•16 GB RAM
•64-bit Windows, macOS, Linux, or Chrome OS operating system
•16 GB disk space

•If you don't have these specs, the emulator might still run but not smoothly.
Create an Android Virtual Device

• Each instance of the Android Emulator uses an Android virtual device

(AVD) to specify the Android version and hardware characteristics of
the simulated device. To effectively test your app, create an AVD that
models each device your app is designed to run on.

• Each AVD functions as an independent device with its own private

storage for user data, SD card, and so on. By default, the emulator
stores the user data, SD card data, and cache in a directory specific to
that AVD. When you launch the emulator, it loads the user data and
SD card data from the AVD directory.
Define Dalvik Virtual Machine. 2 marks

• Dalvik Virtual Machine is a register-based machine that compiles byte code to get
dex code and that ensures that a device can run multiple instances efficiently.
Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM)
• Dalvik is a register based Virtual Machine (VM).
• The Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) is an android virtual machine
optimized for mobile devices. It optimizes the virtual machine
for memory, battery life and performance.

• Dalvik is a name of a town in Iceland. The Dalvik VM was written by

Dan Bornstein.

• The Dex compiler converts the class files into the .dex file that run on
the Dalvik VM. Multiple class files are converted into one dex file.
Compiling and packaging process from the source file

The javac tool compiles the

java source file into the class
file.

The dx tool takes all the class

files of your application and
generates a single .dex file. It
is a platform-specific tool.

The Android Assets

Packaging Tool
(aapt) handles the packaging
process.
Steps to install and configure Android Studio
Step 1: Go to https://developer.android.com/android-studio/download to get the Android
Studio executable or zip file.
Step 2: ● Click on the Download Android Studio Button.
● Click on the “I have read and agree with the above terms and conditions” checkbox
followed by the download button
● Click on the Save file button in the appeared prompt box and the file will start downloading.
Step 3: After the downloading has finished, open the file from downloads and will prompt the
following dialog box. Click on next. In the next prompt, it’ll ask for a path for installation.
Choose a path and hit next.
Step 4: It will start the installation, and once it is completed, it will be like the image shown
below.
Step 5: Once “Finish” is clicked, it will ask whether the previous settings need to be imported
[if the android studio had been installed earlier], or not. It is better to choose the ‘Don’t import
Settings option’. Click the OK button.
Steps to install and configure Android Studio
Step 6: This will start the Android Studio. Meanwhile, it will be finding the available SDK
components.
Step 7: After it has found the SDK components, it will redirect to the Welcome dialog box.
Choose Standard and click on Next. Now choose the theme, whether the Light theme or the
Dark one. The light one is called the IntelliJ theme whereas the dark theme is called Darcula.
Choose as required. Click on the Next button.
Step 8: Now it is time to download the SDK components. Click on Finish. Components begin
to download let it complete. The Android Studio has been successfully configured. Now it’s
time to launch and build apps. Click on the Finish button to launch it.
Step 9: Click on Start a new Android Studio project to build a new app.