The document discusses the concepts, processes, factors, characteristics, functions, levels, and principles of communication. It defines communication and its related terms. It also outlines the process of communication, factors affecting it, problems that can occur, and the different levels and functions of verbal and non-verbal communication.
The document discusses the concepts, processes, factors, characteristics, functions, levels, and principles of communication. It defines communication and its related terms. It also outlines the process of communication, factors affecting it, problems that can occur, and the different levels and functions of verbal and non-verbal communication.
The document discusses the concepts, processes, factors, characteristics, functions, levels, and principles of communication. It defines communication and its related terms. It also outlines the process of communication, factors affecting it, problems that can occur, and the different levels and functions of verbal and non-verbal communication.
The document discusses the concepts, processes, factors, characteristics, functions, levels, and principles of communication. It defines communication and its related terms. It also outlines the process of communication, factors affecting it, problems that can occur, and the different levels and functions of verbal and non-verbal communication.
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Communication A process by which people send messages or exchange ideas or thoughts with one another in a verbal and non- verbal manner. Comes from the Latin word “communicare” meaning to share, to unite, or to have things in common “communis” means commonness Concepts/definitions of Communication Leagans (1961) • a process by which two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings, or impression in such ways that each gains a common understanding of the meaning and use of messages. Rogers (1983) • the process by which the message is being transmitted from the source to the receiver. Brooker (1949) • Anything that conveys meaning that carries a message from one person to another. Thayer (1968) • A mutual interchange of ideas by any effective means. Process of Communication
1. Sender generates an idea in mind.
2. Idea is converted into words, pictures, sounds, symbols, or actions. (encoding the idea) 3. Encoded idea is transmitted to the receiver 4. Receiver receives the encoded message through the senses and perceives it in the mind. 5. Receiver decodes or converts the messages back into meaningful ideas in his own mind. Factors affecting communication
Communicator/ Sender Message Channel Treatment of message Audience/ Receiver Feedback / Audience Response • Acceptance vs Rejection • Mental vs Physical Action • Remembering vs Forgetting • Right vs Wrong Noise (external or internal) Characteristics of Feedback
1. Intention 2. Specificity 3. Description 4. Usefulness 5. Timeliness 6. Clarity 7. Validity and reliability 8. Readiness Problems in communication 1. Language or code 2. Not listening 3. Overconfidence, egoism, complacency 4. Information overload 5. Insufficient information 6. Difference in thinking/perceptions, beliefs, and prejudice 7. Life positions: essentiality of proper mindset 8. Physical environment 9. Inarticulateness 10. Disorganized communication 11. Lack of empathy 12. Too ahead of audience understanding Levels of communication Intrapersonal Interpersonal Organizational Inter-organizational
Functions of Non-Verbal Communication
1. Reinforcement- “the amount of redundancy nonverbal communication adds to the verbal message” 2. Substitution- “using a nonverbal action or cue instead of speaking” 3. Contradiction- “the use of a nonverbal message to negate the verbal message” 4. Accentuation- “the use of nonverbal cues to intensify the verbal message” 5. Regulation- “the turn taking cues of conversational order” -- "The Modern Communicator" by Daniel Oneil and Adam Earnhardt Functions of Verbal Communication 1. Helps us define reality 2. Helps us organize complex ideas and experiences into meaningful categories 3. Helps us think 4. Helps us shape our attitudes about our world
Principles of Communication 1. Communication is Schemata-driven Communication makes you send or receive messages from somebody by activating your schemata, experiences, or background knowledge that you have stored in your brain since your early developmental stages. Communication is Schemata-driven It begins with yourself, you begin with what you have already known or understood about the subject matter of the communicative act. Transmitted messages become understandable or meaningful because of your innate or old knowledge about the messages. 2. Communication is an interpretative act. The only person who knows the exact or full meaning of the messages transmitted is the sender or speaker. Being the creator or source of the ideas, he has absolute knowledge about this message. 3. Communication does not guarantee a direct or automatic link between two minds. These forms of knowledge become meaningful only to others when you initiate communication with them. 4. Communication is active powerful or forceful 5. Communication is symbolic 6. Communication always results in something
