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The document describes an experiment on using MATLAB to study block diagram reduction techniques. It provides the objectives, theory, algorithm, flowchart and code to reduce a given block diagram using transfer functions and summing blocks in MATLAB. The document contains all the necessary steps and information to simulate and analyze the block diagram reduction problem.

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Amit Maurya
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14 views

SSL Exp3

The document describes an experiment on using MATLAB to study block diagram reduction techniques. It provides the objectives, theory, algorithm, flowchart and code to reduce a given block diagram using transfer functions and summing blocks in MATLAB. The document contains all the necessary steps and information to simulate and analyze the block diagram reduction problem.

Uploaded by

Amit Maurya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EleDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering g

Semester S.E. Semester IV – EXTC Engineering


Subject Software Simulation Laboratory
Subject Professor In- Prof. Vibha Wali
charge
Assisting Teachers Prof. Vibha Wali
Laboratory M414 Digital Electronics Laboratory

Student Name
Roll Number
Grade and Subject
Teacher’s Signature

Experiment Number Experiment no. 3


Experiment Title To study the block diagram reduction technique using MATLAB.
Resources / Apparatus Hardware: Software:
Required IBM PC Compatible Computer MATLAB r2011, MATLAB
System Activator, MATLAB Deactivator.

Objectives Knowledge of MATLAB software and its instruction set.


(Skill Set / Knowledge Skills to develop and design Logic needed to solve Problem.
Tested / Imparted) Skills of Simulating analogous elements and its representative
analysis.

Theory : Basics of Block Diagram Reduction

The block diagram of a control system consists of four components, namely signal,
block (with transfer function), and summing point and take off point. The basic block diagram
algebra involves algebra with regard to series/cascaded blocks, parallel blocks and a general
feedback loop. Series blocks combine with each other by multiplication and parallel blocks
combine with each other by algebraic addition. Understanding of the properties of summing
junction in series is crucial in the simplification of some block diagrams. Summing points in
series can be interchanged, combined and separated algebraically.

The procedure to solve block diagram reduction problems is given as follows:

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Step 1- Reduce the blocks connected in series.
Step 2- Reduce the blocks connected in parallel.
Step 3- Reduce the minor internal feedback loops.
Step 4- As far as possible try to shift take off point towards right and summing points to the
left.
Step 5- Repeat steps 1 to 4 till simple form is obtained.
Step 6- Using standard transfer function (T.F.) of simple closed loop system obtain the closed
loop
C( s )
T.F. R( s ) of the overall system.
Create a MATLAB file to write the code to reduce the given block diagram.

Given:
s = tf('s');
G1 = 1/(s+1);
G2 = 2/((s^2) + (5*s) + 100);
G3 = 10/((2*s) +1);
G4 = 100/(s+1);

Now we are required to define all the blocks input and output. As shown below. Using these
defined input output we will be using sumblk

G1.InputName = 'r';
G1.OutputName = 'ug1';
G2.InputName = 'e';

G2.OutputName = 'ug2';

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G3.InputName = 'ym';
G3.OutputName = 'y';
G4.InputName = 'u';
G4.OutputName = 'ym';

Note: Now we are required to relate all these inputs and outputs. Why??
Because there are two summing points in our block diagram. This way MATLAB will be able
to relate the transfer function with each other.
You can notice ‘ym’ is our output and it is not attached to any summing point hence it is not
included in the summing.

sum1 = sumblk('e','r','y','+-'); % e = r - y
sum2 = sumblk('u','ug1','ug2'); % u = ug1 + ug2

We have to find the relationship between r and ym for our output transfer function.
Output TF = connect (G1,G2,G4,G3,sum1,sum2,'r','ym')

Output:
Output TF =

From input "r" to output "ym":


100 s^3 + 750 s^2 + 1.055e04 s + 5100
-----------------------------------------------------
s^5 + 7.5 s^4 + 114.5 s^3 + 260.5 s^2 + 1203 s + 1050

ALGORITHM:

1. Declare the variable ‘s’ as the s domain function variable.


2. Declare all the forward and feedback transfer function along with its input and output.
3. Now declare all the summing point with its forward and feedback transfer function as its
input and output.
4. Finally connect all the transfer function for finding the relation between input and output
transfer (or overall transfer function of given block diagram) .

FLOWCHART:

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CODE:

clc;
clear all;
close all;

s=tf('s'); - - - - Declaration of function variable


G1=1/(s+1);
G2=1/((s^2)+5*s+100); Declaration of all transfer function in block diagram
G3=10/(2*s+1);
G4=100/(s+1);

G1.InputName='r';
G1.OutputName='ug1';
G2.InputName='e';
G2.OutputName='ug2'; Declaration of input and output of all transfer function
G3.InputName='ym';
G3.OutputName='y';
G4.InputName='u';
G4.OutputName='ym';

sum1=sumblk('e','r','y','+-'); Declaration of summing blocks with its input


sum2=sumblk('u','ug1','ug2','++'); output and polarities

outputTF=connect(G1,G2,G3,G4,sum1,sum2,'r','ym') - - - - - - -To obtain output T.F.

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RESULTS:

CONCLUSION:

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