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3.3 Introduction To Data, Database and Database Management System

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12 views

3.3 Introduction To Data, Database and Database Management System

Uploaded by

Sujeet chaulagain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database and Information Management: File Organization Concepts, Problems with the

Traditional File Environment; Major capabilities of DBMS; Relational database management


system Concepts; Managing firm’s data resources - information policy, data administration and
data quality assurance
3.3 Introduction to Data, Database and Database Management System
Write short notes on b) Database Management System. 5 marks 2079/12/12 Seventh Level

Data and Information


Raw form of any facts, figures or entities are known as data. Data alone does not give any
meaning. For example, Aaradhya, 1000, account, balance etc. are raw data individually does not
give any meaning.
The processed form of data is known as information. When the data becomes information it
gives meaningful result. For example, Aaradhya has 1000 balance in his bank account. Here
Aaradhya, 1000, account, balance all have their significant meaning. Thus, we can say that
information is the organized collection of inter-related data.
Database
A database is a collection of logically related data arranged in a structured form designed to meet
the information requirements of multiple users. It may also be defined as a collection of non-
redundant operational data sharable between different application systems
Purpose of Database
Database is used to store, organize and retrieve data. Database can be computerized and non-
computerize (manual). A database may have single table or multiple tables. The data in a
database are organized in rows and columns. Some examples of database are Telephone
directory, mark ledger, attendance register, dictionary et
Database Management System (DBMS)
Database management system (DBMS) is a computerized system that stores data, processes them
and provides information in an organized form. DBMS basically deals with the creation of
database, its management and retrieval process. Creating, modifying, updating, appending,
organizing, sorting, removing, and retrieving are the major tasks performed easily, efficiently and
accurately using Database management system.
Some of the popular DBMS software are MS-Access, Oracle, MS-SQL Server, MySQL,
PostgreSQL etc. These DBMS are capable to handle records in multiple tables on the basis of a
key field. It allows a user to view or retrieve records from the multiple linked tables continuously
at a time.
Features of DBMS
The following are the features of a DBMS:
 Large volume of data can be stored and updated easily.
 Provides data integrity and security.
 Easy in data administration or data management.
 Provides the data sharing facility.
 Reduces the data redundancy (duplication of data).
 Provides concurrent access, recovers the data from the crashes.
 Supports centralized control
DBMS acts as an interface between the user and the data (Fig. 3.1).

The Goals of DBMS


The database management systems have the following goals:
 To provide retrieval flexibility, It should be relatively easy to link data from different
files.
 To facilitate reduction of data duplication and elimination of multiple copies of a master
file. Data redundancy control helps in overcoming updating problems and promotes data
integrity.
 To ensure high level of data independence. The data is hidden from the programming
language, operating system and processing environment. It should be up to DBMS to
convert the stored data into a form that could be used in whatever language the
programmer desires to use.

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