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Multiple Linear Regression

Multiple regression analysis examines the relationship between a dependent variable and multiple independent variables. It allows researchers to understand how changes in one or more independent variables are associated with changes in the dependent variable while controlling for other variables. The multiple regression equation and an example are provided.

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19 views

Multiple Linear Regression

Multiple regression analysis examines the relationship between a dependent variable and multiple independent variables. It allows researchers to understand how changes in one or more independent variables are associated with changes in the dependent variable while controlling for other variables. The multiple regression equation and an example are provided.

Uploaded by

Fizatahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The purpose of multiple regression analysis is to examine the relation between a

dependent variable and multiple independent variables. It allows reaches to


understand how change in one or more dependent variables are associated with
changes in the dependent variable while controlling for the effect of other
variables.
Multiple regression equation:

y=β 0 + β 1 x 1 +… ⋅+ βn x n +ϵ

 = the predicted value of the dependent variable


 = the y-intercept (value of y when all other parameters are set to 0)
 = the regression coefficient ( ) of the first independent variable ( )
(a.k.a. the effect that increasing the value of the independent variable has on
the predicted y value)
 … = do the same for however many independent variables you are testing
 = the regression coefficient of the last independent variable
 = model error (a.k.a. how much variation there is in our estimate of )

Example:
Let's say we want to predict students' exam scores (Y) based on their hours of
study per week (β1X1) and the number of hours they spend on extracurricular
activities (β2X2).
Our multiple regression equation might look like this:
Exam Score=β0+β1(Hours of Study) +β2(Extracurricular Hours) + ε.

Interpreting multiple regression results involves several steps:


1. Coefficient Estimates: The coefficients (also known as beta weights) indicate
the strength and direction of the relationship between each independent
variable and the dependent variable. A positive coefficient suggests a positive
relationship, while a negative coefficient suggests a negative relationship.
2. Significance Testing: Assess the statistical significance of each coefficient
using t-tests or p-values. Significant coefficients indicate that the
corresponding independent variable has a statistically significant effect on the
dependent variable.
3. Adjusted R-squared: This metric measures the proportion of variance in the
dependent variable that is explained by the independent variables in the model.
A higher adjusted R-squared value indicates a better fit of the model to the
data.
4. Assumptions Checking: Verify if the assumptions of multiple regression are
met, including linearity, independence of errors, homoscedasticity (constant
variance of errors), and normality of residuals.
5. Interactions and Nonlinear Effects: Consider interactions between
independent variables and potential nonlinear relationships between variables,
which may require additional analyses or model specifications.
6. Prediction: Use the regression equation to make predictions about the
dependent variable based on values of the independent variables.
The purpose of multiple regression analysis is to examine the relation between a
dependent variable and multiple independent variables. It allows reaches to
understand how change in one or more dependent variables are associated with
changes in the dependent variable while controlling for the effect of other
variables.

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