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AComparative Study on Hyperloop System

Article in INROADS- An International Journal of Jaipur National University · January 2018

DOI: 10.5958/2277-4912.2018.00015.2

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INROADS DOI: 10.5958/2277-4912.2018.00015.2
Vol. 7 (Special Issue), 2018, pp-87-90

A Comparative Study on Hyperloop System

Kanu Priya1*, Abdul Naim Khan1 and Masroor Alam Ansari2

1
Assistant Professor, 2B.Tech. Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering
and Technology, JNU, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
*Corresponding author email id: [email protected]

Received: 13-01-2018; Accepted: 20-02-2018

ABSTRACT
This paper is analysis of Hyperloop, which is a vacuum train having ‘Tube’ and ‘Pod’. It is something like ‘vactrain’ that is the
train travel under the vacuum tube with low-pressure air. The main advantages of the pneumatic capsule transport are the high
speed, ecological safety and the possibility to fully automate the movement. This model is based on Newton’s second law of
motion; it is a growing need for an alternative transportation mode for short-haul travel for short routes. The first phase of the
Hyperloop is scheduled from Los Angeles to San Francisco in California, United States, and the second phase covers the Big
Apple of America. The basic concept focused on system integration. Here, the visitor/passengers pod features water-based
heat exchangers as well as on-board compression system that reduces the aerodynamic drag when its passes through the tube.
Moreover, the capsule can accelerate via magnetic linear accelerators which are fixed at various stations on the low-pressure
tube with rotors in each tube. The visitor may enter and exit the tube at stations located at the either ends of the tube along the
tube length. A collective study of different papers gives a general and technical overview on its high performance for vacuum
trains.

Keywords: Hyperloop, Trans-pod, Low pressure air etc.

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION be retarded or delayed by the difficulties in managing

friction and air resistance which are important when the
There are many types of conventional transportation in
vehicles approach high speed. The rail is being energy
our country. The first one which we prefer is rail which is
efficient and also offers the most environmental friendly
relatively slow and expensive too, the other one is road
option to our universal environment, but it is too slow and
and water which is also relatively slow and time-consuming,
expensive to be adopted at a heavy/vast scale. On the other
and the last is air, which is highly expensive. Due to high hand, the flight decreases the distance and also moves in
expense, any middle-class person during an emergency or high speed but is too expensive. Given these issues,
urgency can’t afford to travel through airlines with their Hyperloop aims to make transportation cost-effective;
whole family or other members. Moreover, in our country, high-speed transportation is above all which absorbs the
the price of oil which we are using in these conventional speed by approximately 10,000 km/h. Hyperloop tubes
transportations is also increasing day by day. So, the people has installed a solar on the roof to allow for a clean and
are facing difficulties in managing these kinds of problem self-powering system (Figure 1).
in transportation. Road transportation is problematic for
our environment because of emitting carbon from the oil INTRODUCTION
of the road transports. Moreover, the environmental Hyperloop is completely a new mode of fastest
degradation caused due to energy consumptions will transportation. It was first proposed by Elon Musk and a
continue to increase, thus posing danger to the environment team of engineers from Tesla Motors and the Space
in the coming years. Developments in high-speed rail will Exploration Technology Corporation in August 2013. Elon

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 Kanu Priya et al.

of San Francisco, California – what’s more, Los Angeles

in 35 min [2]. Hyperloop is much less expensive compared
with the track of the middle of Los Angeles, furthermore
San Francisco. All great holders kept all passementerie;
besides, vehicle versification might recently expense, which
is only the tip of the iceberg 25%. This rendition might be
a chance to be fit from claiming transporting passengers,
vehicles, freight, and so on. This form may be 11% which
Figure 1: Hyperloop (capsule structure) is only the tip of the iceberg, less expensive and over
recommended. Eventually Tom’s pursued rail framework
Musk is the CEO of the Tesla who unveiled the plan of
in the middle of Los Angeles and San Francisco [2]. A
Hyperloop, the fastest transportation system that he claims
high-speed transportation framework, known as
will help people reach from Los Angeles to San Francisco
Hyperloop, need to be produced in this report card.
in a maximum time of 30 min. The government of our Hyperloop transportation framework could create more
nation, India, has also decided to introduce the Hyperloop utility compared with those traditional modes such as rail,
that is a new way to help people or things reach anywhere road, water as well as air. Towards high velocity, it gives
in the world quickly, safety and efficiently, on demand, superior solace and cosset may be also low. Eventually,
and with minimal impact/effect to the environment. The Tom’s perusing decreased the weight of the air in the tube
Hyperloop speeds up through a steel tube in near-vacuum which in turn lessens basic air drag and empowers those
using linear electric motor. It tracks straight and is in the containers to move with an increased speed through a
form of a capsule. Some countries are dependent on cars, tube during environmental weight [3]. To future, the normal
trains, flights, ships and others, and here the CEO of Tesla Conclusion camwood be, move forward those
Elon Musk proposed a capsule called Hyperloop which passementerie capacity, nitty gritty station outlines for
runs in the steel-tube by self powering help of solar located stacking and emptying of passementerie also security offers
on the roof of it. change need aid thought seriously about [3]. Those air
LITERATURE SURVEY motion facilitating plans of the MIT Hyperloop pod took
an interest in the SpaceX Hyperloop rival in 2015–2017,
Earlier, on the whole sorts from claiming transportation the place won for being the best in general configuration
mode, we have encountered large portions accidents, cosset in configuration weekend over January 2016. The air
issues, solace issues, affordability, protection and motion facilitating plan technique might have been two-
ecological issues. In those pod head out pace and the tube fold [4]. When the axisymmetric state might have been
cross-sectional territory need aid linked, forcing those tube concluded upon, those last three-dimensional geometry
span will a chance to be will make approximately Double might have been investigated utilising a three-dimensional
those breadth of the first specification, with the end goal Navier–Stokes solver on describe its last execution towards
the pod on arrive at mach 0.8. Second, the steady-state outline speed. Finally, we investigated the execution of the
tube temperature is commanded towards encompassing configuration. In transonic speed, the place it might have
warm cooperation inconsequential of the heat created by been found that disregarding those Kantrowitz cut-off might
the pod-layering framework [1]. This worth of effort prompt three-fold increment on drag coefficient. It will be
emphasises the vitality from claiming, looking after a acknowledged as an open hotspot transportation idea – a
system-level approach. Furthermore, it gives toolsets fit chance to be accessible before long clinched alongside
for dealing with the developing multifaceted nature. Those large portions countries, which could transport individuals,
demonstrating stage is expected to serve concerning the furthermore merchandise towards a speed from claiming
illustration of an effectively open benchmark that is clear 760 mi for every hour. It produces additional vitality over
to extend. What’s more, dig deeper under this interesting its consumption, takes less steps space for development
multidisciplinary endeavour [1]. Those thought for and likewise incurs altogether less expensive costs, when
Hyperloop might have been suggested to course the middle contrasted with super quick rail [5]. Likewise, those

88 Vol. 7 (Special Issue), 2018

 A Comparative Study on Hyperloop System

ADVANTAGES

1. It saves the travelling time.

2. There is no problem of traffic.
3. It is powered by the solar panel.
4. It can travel in any kind of weather.
5. Cost of Hyperloop is low.
6. Not disruptive to those along the route.
7. More convenient.
Figure 2: Block diagram of hyperloop system
8. Resistance to earthquake.
worldwide number will be expanding, and the ecological DRAWBACKS
qualities would be declining, a preferred impostor transport
1. Tube pressurisation.
framework such as Hyperloop will be doubtlessly essential
[5]. 2. Turning will be critical.

Paper Jan, 2015 February, 2017 April, 2017 June, 2017 March, 2018
Key feature February 2016, start of Safety and relia- Can be for rail, MIT Hyperloop A speed of 760
manufacturing – May bility road, water, and design m/s
2016, fully assembled, air and it is pow
i.e. simpler to design ered by the solar
panel
Implemen- Aerodynamic and therm- Fluid mechanics, Passive magnetic Passive magnetic Passive magnetic
tation odynamic interactions, thermodynamic, levitation, air levitation (maglev), levitation
technique i.e. 2.4 G–the maximum electromagnetism bearings its prototype is
proposed acceleration 2.4 m long, weighs
offered by the SpaceX 258 kg and is desi-
pusher gned for a top
speed of 400 km/h
Shows effect Robust to changes in Linear induction Low pressure tube No propulsion on Capacity of pod,
on performance specifica- motor used for with capsules that board, as we rely on green energy,
tions & track tolerances, velocity of 20,000 are transported the SpaceX pusher green transpor-
speed and performance, m/s at both low and to get up to cruising tation
on-board compression high speeds speed
system
Application Reduction in weight, 11% more cheaper fast and inex- A design strategy It produces more
energy requirements than proposed by pensive increases friction energy than it
and complexity of the rail system drag but dramatically consumes, takes
pod reduces pressure lesser space for
drag but the design construction and
at transonic speed, also incurs very
where it was found cheaper costs,
that violating the when compared
Kantrowitz limit could to superfast rail
lead to three-fold
increase in drag
coefficient

INROADS 89
 Kanu Priya et al.

3. No answer for equipment malfunction, accidents, REFERENCES

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90 Vol. 7 (Special Issue), 2018

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