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Os 2

The document discusses computer hardware and software, data and information, binary, octal and hexadecimal number systems, binary operations including addition and subtraction, and ASCII character encoding. A variety of numeric conversion examples are provided between decimal, binary, octal and hexadecimal numbering systems.

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14 views3 pages

Os 2

The document discusses computer hardware and software, data and information, binary, octal and hexadecimal number systems, binary operations including addition and subtraction, and ASCII character encoding. A variety of numeric conversion examples are provided between decimal, binary, octal and hexadecimal numbering systems.

Uploaded by

xx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

What is the difference between


i) computer hardware and computer software
Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that can touch and feel.
Computer software refers to a collection of programs, instructions, and data that tell the hardware how to perform specific tasks and
enable users to interact with the computer system.

ii) data and information


Data refers to raw, unorganized facts, figures, symbols or values that represent something but do not convey any specific meaning.
Information is data that has been processed, organized, interpreted or structured in a meaningful context, making it useful for decision-
making, understanding or communication.

2. Show the binary representation of the following decimal numbers.


a) 654

b) 75

c) 175

3. Show the decimal representation of the following binary values.


a) 101101 = (1*2^5)+(1*2^3)+(1*2^2)+(1*2^0)= 45
b) 1110111 = (1*2^6)+(1*2^5)+(1*2^4)+(1*2^2)+(1*2^1)+(1*2^0)= 119

4. Show the octal representation of the following decimal values. Show your work.
a) 76

b) 151
c) 724

5. Covert the following binary numbers into decimal.


a) 110100 = (1 × 2⁵) + (1 × 2⁴) + (0 × 2³) + (1 × 2²) + (0 × 2¹) + (0 × 2⁰) = (52)₁₀
b) 01011011 = (0 × 2⁷) + (1 × 2⁶) + (0 × 2⁵) + (1 × 2⁴) + (1 × 2³) + (0 × 2²) + (1 × 2¹) + (1 × 2⁰) = (91)₁₀
c) 10010110 = (1 × 2⁷) + (0 × 2⁶) + (0 × 2⁵) + (1 × 2⁴) + (0 × 2³) + (1 × 2²) + (1 × 2¹) + (0 × 2⁰) = (-106)₁₀
d) 111111 = (1 × 2⁵) + (1 × 2⁴) + (1 × 2³) + (1 × 2²) + (1 × 2¹) + (1 × 2⁰) = (63)₁₀
e) 1111110 = (1 × 2⁶) + (1 × 2⁵) + (1 × 2⁴) + (1 × 2³) + (1 × 2²) + (1 × 2¹) + (0 × 2⁰) = (126)₁₀

6. Convert the following decimal numbers into binary. How many bits are needed in
each case?
a) 14 =1110, 4bits
b) 127 = 1111111, 7bits
c) 249 =11111001 ,8bits
d) 73 =1001001 ,7bits
e) 257 =100000001, 9bits

7. Addition in Binary
In each case, check your answer by converting the numbers and the result into
decimal.
a) 11011 + 1101 =
b) 11010101 + 00111110
c) 1111 + 1
d) 111111 + 1
e) 10101010 + 01010101

8. Show the hexadecimal equivalent for the following binary values.


a) 01111001
b) 010101010000
c) 00100011

9. Show the decimal representation for the following hexadecimal values.


a) 1FE5
b) A72C
c) DEAD

10. Calculate the following binary operations (show your work):


a) 110111010
+ 1011011

b) 11100011
+ 1011101

c) 110111010
- 1011011

d) 11100011
- 1011101

11. Convert the following hexadecimal numbers into binary and decimal.
a) 3A
b) FF
c) A5
d) BD

12. Convert the following decimal numbers into hexadecimal (an easy way to do this is to
convert into binary firs).
a) 254
b) 256
c) 181
d) 99

13. Text Representation


The ASCII character set represents each character by a 7 bit binary numbers, which can also
be converted into a 2 digit hexadecimal numbers. The ASCII codes for the capital letters A-Z
are 65-90. (in decimal). Work out the ASCII representation of your name, in hexadecimal.
For example: SIMON is 83, 73, 77, 79, 78 in decimal and 53, 49, 4D, 4F, 4E in hex
46,6F,6F 58,69,61,6E,67 58,69,6E

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