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Database Structure, Vault and Firewall

The document discusses database architecture and its key components including the storage manager, query processor, and database users. It also covers the roles of the database administrator and security measures like database firewalls and vaults.

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720821106002 ARCHANA. P
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8 views

Database Structure, Vault and Firewall

The document discusses database architecture and its key components including the storage manager, query processor, and database users. It also covers the roles of the database administrator and security measures like database firewalls and vaults.

Uploaded by

720821106002 ARCHANA. P
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATABASE ARCHITECTURE

DATABASE ARCHITECTURE
⚫ A Database Architecture is a representation of DBMS
design. It helps to design, develop, implement, and
maintain the database management system.
⚫ The lowest part of architecture is disk storage.

⚫ The two important component of database architecture


are-
✔ Query Processor

✔ Storage Manager.
DISK STORAGE
⚫ Data files : store the database .

⚫ Data dictionary: stores metadata about the structure of


the database, i.e., the schema of the database.
⚫ Indices: provide fast access to data items. Similar to
index pages in textbook, a database index provides
pointers to the data in the database.
The Storage Manager
⚫ Storage manager is the component of database that
provides the interface between the low-level data stored in
the database and the application programs and queries
submitted to the system.
⚫ Responsible for storing, retrieving, and updating data in
database.
The Storage Manager
⚫ Authorization and integrity manager: Checks the authority
of users to access data.
⚫ Transaction manager(ACID) :Atomicity, Consistency,
isolation and Durability.
⚫ Ensures concurrent transaction executions proceed without
conflicting; Failure recovery.
⚫ File manager: Manages the allocation of space on disk storage
⚫ Buffer manager: Responsible for fetching data from disk
storage into main memory.
Query Processor
⚫ Query – a statement of information retrieval.

⚫ Query language – the language used to retrieve

information from the database

⚫ Query processor – compiles and executes DDL and DML

statements.
Query Processor Components
⚫ DDL Interpreter
It is a device which interprets the DDL statements and some records into the data
dictionary.
⚫ DML Compiler
The DML compiler converts DDL(data definition language) statements in the form of
tables which stored metadata in a data dictionary. It also performs query optimization.
⚫ Query Evaluation Engine
It executes low-level instructions generated by DML(data manipulation language)
compiler. They mainly deal with solving all problems related to queries and query
processing. It helps database system simplify and facilitate access to data.
Database Users
⚫ Application programmers – interact with system through DML calls
⚫ Sophisticated users – form requests in a database query language (SQL:
select/insert/update/delete). Do not use any application or programs to
request the database.
⚫ Specialized users – write specialized database applications that do not fit
into the traditional data processing framework. Develop the complex
programs.
⚫ Naive users – invoke one of the permanent application programs that have
been written previously – Examples, people access.
Database Administrator
⚫ A person who has central control over the database system is
called a database administrator (DBA).
⚫ Coordinates all the activities of the database system
Database administrator's functions:
⚫ Schema definition
⚫ Storage structure and access method definition
⚫ Schema and physical organization modification
⚫ Granting users authority to access the database
⚫ Routine maintenance: – Backing up data – Ensuring space
availability of the database – Monitoring performance of the
database.
DATABASE VAULT & DATABASE FIREWALLS.

DATABASE FIREWALLS
⚫ Database Firewalls are a type of Web Application Firewalls that monitor databases to
identify and protect against database specific attacks that mostly seek to access sensitive
information stored in the databases.
Example:
⚫ Packet filter firewall,Stateful packet inspection (SPI), Proxy server firewall.
DATABASE VAULT
Database Vault implements data security controls within Oracle Database to restrict access
to application data by unauthorized users.
Example:
⚫ Oracle Database Vault PL/SQL Interfaces and Packages.
⚫ Oracle Database Vault Reporting and Monitoring Tools.

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