Jesus in India

•
Jesus In India
Jesus' Deliverance from the Cross
&
Journey to India
Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian

THE PROMISED MESSIAH AND MAHDI,
FOUNDER OF THE AHMADIYYA MUSLIM JAMA' AT
ISLAM INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS LTD.
Downloaded from https://www.holybooks.com

Jesus in India
English Translation of Masih Hindustan Mein
First Edition (Urdu): 1908, Qadian

First English Version: 1944, Qadian
Reprints: 1962, Rabwah
1973, Qadian
1978,London
1989,London
1991, Qadian
1995,London
Present Edition (Fully Revised): 2003, London
Translated into English from Urdu by the late Qazi Abdul

Hamid and thoroughly revised by Professor Chaudhry
Muhammad Ali.
© Islam International Publications Ltd.
Published by:
Islam International Publications Ltd.
'Islamabad' Sheephatch Lane,
Tilford, Surrey GU102AQ
United Kingdom.
Composed by:
Raja Ata-ul-Mannan
Printed in U.K. at:

Raqeem Press
Tilford, Surrey
ISBN: 1 85372 723 7

Publisher's Note
Jesus in India is the English version of Masih
Hindustan Mein, an Urdu treatise written by the Holy
Founder of the worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat,
Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835-1908), the
Promised Messiah and Mahdi. The main thesis
expounded in this treatise is Jesus' deliverance from
death on the Cross and his subsequent journey to India
in quest of the lost tribes of Israel whom he had to
gather into his fold as foretold by Jesus himself.
Starting his journey from Jerusalem and passing
through Nasibus and Iran, Jesus is shown to have
reached Afghanistan where he met the Jews who had
settled there after their escape from the bonds of
Nebuchadnezzar. From Afghanistan Jesus went to
Kashmir where some Israelite tribes had also settled. He
made this place his home and here he died and lies
buried in Srinagar, Kashmir.
In this book, Hadhrat Ahmad has solved another
difficult problem which has for long confounded many a
western writer, namely the problem of the resemblance
between Christian and Buddhistic teachings and also
between the life of Jesus and that of Buddha, as
recorded in their respective Scriptures. Some of these
writers hold that Buddhistic teachings must somehow
have reached Palestine and were incorporated by Jesus
in his own sermons. But there is absolutely no historical
evidence to support this theory. A Russian traveller
named Nicolas Notovitch stayed for quite some time with
Lamas in Tibet and had their religious chronicles
translated for him. He is of the opinion that Jesus must
111

iv Publisher's Note
have been to Tibet before the Crucifixion and gone back

to Palestine after having imbibed Buddhistic teachings.
Rejecting both these views, Hadhrat Ahmad proves
that Jesus came to India only after the Crucifixion and
not before, and that it was not he who borrowed
Buddha's teachings but the Buddhists who seem to have
reproduced the Gospels in their books. Jesus also
visited Tibet during his travels in India in search of the
lost tribes of Israel. He preached his message to
Buddhist monks, some of whom were originally Jews.
They were deeply impressed by Jesus' teachings and
accepted him as the manifestation of the Buddha, the
Promised Teacher. With faith in him as their Master,
they incorporated his teachings into the teachings of the
Buddha himself.
Masih Hindustan Mein, was-it still is-an epoch-
making and cataclysmic book. It transformed the
theological landscape of Judaism, Pauline Christianity
and conventional Islam. The catalyst it introduced was
that Jesus-a true prophet of God that he was, was
saved from death on the cross, lived long and lies buried
in Srinagar Kashmir.
As stated in the Introduction and at the end, the book
was to be divided into two parts, the first to comprise as
many as ten chapters plus an epilogue, and the second
part to contain additional proofs of Jesus' journey to
India and a comparative evaluation of the teachings of
Islam and Christianity establishing the truth of Islam as
well as of his own claim to be the Promised Messiah. It
seems he couldn't find time for further research on this
subject, but he made good his resolve by ushering in a
spiritual rebirth of Islam in its pristine purity, founding
the dynamic Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat worldwide and
writing not one but more than eighty books concerning

I Publisher's Note V I
the truth of Islam, his own claim as the Promised
Messiah and Mahdi and the life and death of Jesus.
Written in 1899, and partly serialized in Review of
Religions in 1902 and 1903, the book itself was
posthumously published on 20 th November 1908. The
first English translation, by the late Qazi Abdul Hamid,
was published in 1944. On instructions from Hadhrat
Mirza Tahir Ahmad, Khalifat-ul-Masih IV, Imam of the
worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat, the present
edition has been thoroughly revised by Professor
Muhammad Ali Chaudhry, Wakilut Tasnif, Rabwah.
As supporting evidence of the theses advanced in this
book, relevant excerpts from different authors and
researchers are given at the end as appendix. These
excerpts do not form part of the original text which, in
the course of translation, has been kept inviolate and
even misprints, if any, have not been corrected. The
correct version has, however, been given in footnotes
only after permission by our august Imam, Hadhrat
Khalifa-tul-Masih IV. The author's footnotes are
indicated by asterisks, while the translator's footnotes
have been numbered 1,2,3, etc.
Since different editions of the Bible differ in the serial
numbers of verses, care has been taken to stick to the
numbers quoted by the author. Biblical references have
been quoted from the Authorized King James' Version,
published by the Zondervan Corporation, Grand Rapids,
Michigan 49530, USA.
THE PUBLISHERS

Acknowledgments
We owe a debt of deep gratitude to all those who
helped in the preparation of this revised edition of Jesus
in India, particularly to Maulana Bashir Ahmad Akhtar,
Mr. Dhulqarnain and Raja Ata-ul-Mannan for proof
reading and verifying references and helping in a variety
of ways.
We are also deeply grateful to Maulana Munir-ud-Din
Shams, Additional Wakilut Tasnif, London and Mr.
Arshad Ahmadi for scrutinizing and correcting the
proofs, particularly Maulana Shams for his continued
interest and useful suggestions. We are also grateful to
Mr. Munwwar Saeed for preparing the index, and to the
Arabic Desk in London, headed by Maulana Abdul
Momin Tahir, for updating the Appendix.
Chaudhry Muhammad Ali

Wakilut Tasnif
Rabwah
vii

Table of Contents
Publisher's Note iii

Acknowledgments vii
Introduction 1
Chapter 1
Evidence from the Gospels 17
Chapter 2
Evidence from the Holy Quran and 57
Ahadith
Chapter 3
Evidence from Medical Literature 65
List of Books mentioning Marham-
i-Isa (Ointment of Jesus), and that
the Ointment was Prepared for
Jesus' Wounds 66
Chapter 4
Evidence from Historical Records 77
Section 1
Evidence from Islamic Literature
concerning Jesus' journeys.
77
Probable Route Map of Jesus' Journey
to India 78
Section 2
Evidence from Buddhist Records 83
IX

I X Table of Contents
Section 3
Evidence from Historical Writings
which Show that Jesus' Journey to the
Punjab and Neighbouring Territories
was Inevitable 106
List of 24 Tribes of Abdalees 114
Appendix 123
Index 149

Our Lord! Decide between us and our people in truth;
For You are the One Who decides best.
Introduction
I have written this book so that by adducing proofs from
established facts, conclusive historical evidence of proven
value, and ancient documents of other nations, I might
dispel the serious misconceptions which are current among
Christians and most Muslim sects regarding the earlier and
the later life of Jesus. The dangerous consequences of these
misconceptions have not only hijacked and destroyed the
concept of Tauhid-Divine Unity, but their insidious and
poisonous influence has long been noticed in the moral
condition of Muslims in this country. It is these baseless
myths and tales that result in spiritual maladies, like
immorality, malice, callousness, and cruelty, which are
almost endemic among most Islamic sects. Virtues like
human sympathy, compassion, affability, love of justice,
meekness, modesty, and humility are disappearing by the
day, as if they will soon bid a hasty farewell to them. This
1In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful. [Translator]

2 We praise Allah and invoke His blessings upon His noble Prophetsa.
[Translator]
1

Jesus in India
callousness and moral degradation makes many a Muslim

appear only marginally different from wild beasts. A Jain 3
or a Buddhist is afraid of killing even a mosquito or a flea
and detests such an act, but alas! there are many among
Muslims who would kill an innocent person with impunity
and commit wanton murder without the least fear of God
Almighty Who rates human life higher than all other
animals. Why then this callousness, cruelty, and lack of
sympathy? It is because from their very childhood, myths
and false stories regarding a false concept of Jihad are
drummed into their ears and instilled into their hearts. As a
result, they gradually become morally dead and cease to
realize the heinousness of such abominable deeds. On the
other hand, a man who murders an unsuspecting person
and brings ruin to his family, thinks that he has done a
meritorious and rightful deed and made the most of an
opportunity to win social acclaim. This is because no
sermons or lectures are delivered in our country to
discourage such evils, and if at all there are any such
sermons, they have an aura of hypocrisy about them; and
the man in the street continues to think approvingly of such
misdeeds. Hence, taking pity upon the plight of my people,
I have already written books in Urdu, Persian and Arabic, in
which I have proved that the popular concept of Jihad
prevalent among Muslims, such as the expectation of a
bloodthirsty Imam and cultivation of malice for others, are
no more than false notions harboured by shortsighted
clerics. Islam, on the contrary, does not allow the use of the
3 Jainism is a religion of Indian origin which forbids harming any living
creatures, whether humans, animals or insects. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 3
sword in religion except in the case of defensive wars, wars

which are waged to punish a tyrant, or those which are
meant to uphold freedom. The need of a defensive war
arises only when the aggression of an adversary threatens
one's life. Except for these three kinds of Jihad permitted by
the Shariah-Islamic law, no other kind of war is allowed by
Islam in support of religion. To highlight this concept of
Jihad, I have distributed books in this country and in
Arabia, Syria and Khurasan, etc., at great cost. But now, by
the grace of God, I have adduced arguments powerful
enough to dispel these unfounded beliefs from the people's
minds. I have found clear proofs and strong and conclusive
circumstantial and historical evidence, the light of whose
truth gives the tiding that, soon after their publication, there
will come about a welcome change in the hearts of the
Muslims. I am sure that after these truths have been
comprehended, sweet and refreshing springs of modesty,
humility and compassion will gush forth from the hearts of
the righteous sons of Islam. There will be a spiritual
transformation which will have a wholesome and benign
impact on the nation at large. I am also sure that Christian
scholars and all those who hunger and thirst after the truth,
will benefit from this book. And, as I have just pointed out,
the real object of this book is to correct the wrong beliefs
which have found their way into the creeds of the Muslims
and the Christians. However, this requires some elaboration
which is as follows.
Christians and most Muslims believe that Jesus was
raised to the heavens alive; both have believed for a long
time that Jesus is still alive in the heavens and will return to
the earth sometime in the latter days. The difference in the

Jesus in India
views of Muslims and Christians is that Christians believe

that Jesus died on the cross, was resurrected, went to
heaven in his earthly body, seated himself on the right hand
of his Father and will return to the earth for judgment in the
latter days. They further say that Jesus, the Messiah, is the
Creator and Master of the world and none other; he it is
who, in the latter days, will descend to the earth in glory
and majesty to pronounce reward and punishment. All
those who do not believe in him or his mother as God, will
be caught and thrown into hell, where crying and lamenting
will be their lot. But the aforesaid sects of Muslims say that
Jesus was never crucified, nor did he die on the cross.
Instead, when the Jews arrested him for crucifixion, an
angel of God took him to the heavens in his earthly body,
and that he is still alive there, which according to them is
the second heaven, where the prophet Yahya or John is also
quartered. Muslims, moreover, believe that Jesus is an
exalted prophet of God but not God, nor the Son of God.
They also say that he will, in the latter days, descend to the
earth, near the Minaret at Damascus, or elsewhere,
supported by two angels. Jesus and Imam Muhammad-the
Mahdi, who will be a Fatamite and will already be there in
this world-will kill all non-Muslims, and will not spare
anyone except those who become Muslims at once. In short,
the real object of the second coming of Jesus to the earth, as
stated by the Muslims known as Ahl-e-Sunnah and Ahl-e-
Hadith, also called Wahabis by the common people, is that
quite like the Mahadev 4 of the Hindus, he will destroy the
whole world; and that he will first threaten people to
4 One of the three great Hindu gods. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 5
become Muslims and, if they persist in their disbelief, shall

put them all to the sword. They also affirm that he has been
kept alive in the heavens in his earthly body, so that when
Muslim powers become weak, he will come down and kill
the non-Muslims or coerce them on pain of death to become
Muslims. The divines of the aforesaid Muslim sect say,
particularly about the Christians, that when Jesus comes
down from the heavens, he will break all the crosses in the
world, indulge in all sorts of cruel deeds with the sword,
and fill the earth with blood. And, as stated before, the Ahl-
e-Hadith and others from among the Muslims gleefully
proclaim that shortly before the second coming of the
Messiah, there will appear an Imam from among the
descendants of Fatimarz, whose name will be Muhammad,
the Mahdi. He it is who will be the Khalifa and King of the
time by virtue of his being one of the Quraish. Since his real
object will be to kill all non-Muslims except those who
readily recite the Kalima, Jesus will come down to give him
a helping hand in this task; and although Jesus in his own
right will be a Mahdi, indeed he will be the greater Mahdi,
but since it is essential that the Khalifa of the time should be
from among the Quraish, Jesus will not be the Khalifa.
Instead, Muhammad, the Mahdi, will be the Khalifa. They
further allege that the two of them together will fill the earth
with human blood, and so much blood will be shed that it
will be unprecedented in the history of the world. The
moment they appear, they will start this bloody carnage,
but they will neither preach nor plead, nor show any sign.
They also say that although Jesus will be like an advisor or a
helper to Imam Muhammad, the Mahdi, and although the
reins of power will be in the hands of the Mahdi alone, Jesus

Jesus in India
will continue to instigate and incite Hadhrat Imam

Muhammad, the Mahdi, to violence, as if he were trying to
make up for the humane teaching he preached to the world
before, i.e., not to resist evil, and on being struck on one
cheek, to turn the other cheek also.
This, in sum, is the Muslim and Christian belief
regarding Jesus. Although Christians are guilty of a grave
error in calling a humble man God, some Muslims too,
particularly the Ahl-e-Hadith, generally known as the
Wahabis, believe in a bloodthirsty Mahdi and an equally
bloodthirsty Messiah. This has corrupted their moral
condition to the extent that neither can they live with other
people in a climate of peace, trust, and good will, nor can
they be truly and completely loyal to a non-Muslim
government. Every reasonable man would understand that
such a belief, namely, that non-Muslims should be subjected
to coercion, and that they should either directly become
Muslims or be put to death, is open to very serious
objections. Human conscience spontaneously realizes that it
is highly objectionable to convert a person to one's faith by
coercion, and by threatening to kill him, without ever giving
him the opportunity to understand the truth of a faith and
apprising him of its moral teaching and values. Far from
contributing to the growth of a religion, this would give the
opponents the opportunity to find fault with it. The ultimate
result of this kind of thinking is that hearts become devoid
of human sympathy. Justice and compassion, which are
some of the cardinal human values, become extinct, and
spite and ill will begin to flourish; only brutality remains,
wiping out all high moral qualities. But it is only too
obvious that such teachings cannot be from God, Who

I Jesus in India 7
punishes only after His message has been fully

communicated.
Just imagine, would it be reasonable to simply kill a man
if he does not accept the true faith, even though he is as yet
ignorant and unaware of its truth and its noble and
excellent message? Instead of answering his denial with the
sword or the gun, such a man deserves compassion, and
needs to be instructed gently and politely in the truth,
beauty and the spiritual excellence of the faith. Hence, the
view of Jihad held by these sects of Islam, and their belief
that the time is near when there will arise a bloodthirsty
Mahdi named Imam Muhammad, that the Messiah will
come down from the skies to lend him a helping hand, and
that the two of them together will kill all non-Muslims if
they deny Islam, is utterly opposed to moral sense. Doesn't
this belief put all good human qualities and morals out of
action, and excite beastly passions. Those who hold such
beliefs have to lead a life of hypocrisy with others, so much
so that they cannot even give true loyalty to their rulers. The
allegiance they profess is a lie. That is why some of the Ahl-
e-Hadith sects mentioned above are living a double life
under the British Government in India. In secret, they hold
out hopes to the common people of the coming of the
bloody days of a bloodthirsty Mahdi and Messiah, and
preach accordingly, but to the rulers they go as sycophants,
assuring them that they do not approve of such ideas. But if
they are really sincere, why do they not express their
disapproval in their writings, and why do they await the
coming of the bloodthirsty Mahdi and Messiah so
impatiently as if they were standing at the doorstep, eager
to join him?

Jesus in India
It is because of such beliefs that the moral fiber of these

clerics has suffered so much deterioration. They are no
longer capable of preaching peace and compassion. On the
other hand, they consider it their prime religious duty to go
about killing others. I would be glad if any sect of the Ahl-e-
Hadith is opposed to these beliefs, but I cannot help
observing with regret that among the sects of the Ahl-e-
Hadith * there are Wahabis incognito who believe in a
bloodthirsty Mahdi and in the common concept of Jihad.
They believe what is contrary to the true faith, and, if the
opportunity offers, they consider it virtuous to kill people
who profess other religions. Whereas the truth is that belief
in killing others in the name of Islam, or in prophecies like
the one about the bloodthirsty Messiah or wishing to
advance the cause of Islam by bloodshed and threats, is
absolutely against the Holy Quran and authentic Ahadith.
Our Holy Prophetsa suffered great hardship in Mecca and
thereafter at the hands of the disbelievers. The thirteen
years which he spent at Mecca were years of great affliction
and suffering. Even to think of them brings tears to one's
eyes. But he did not raise the sword against his enemies, nor
did he reply in kind to their abuse, until many of his
disciples and close friends were mercilessly killed, and he
was himself subjected to all kinds of persecution. He was
poisoned many a time; and many an unsuccessful attempt
• Some of the Ahl-e-Hadith write in their books unjustly and with great
impertinence that the birth of the Mahdi is imminent: that he will put the
British rulers of India behind the bars, and that the Christian king will be
brought before him as prisoner. Such books are still extant in Ahl-e-
Hadith homes. lqtiraab-us-Sa'ah is one of these books, whose author is a
well-known Ahl-e-Hadith scholar. Vide page 64 of this book. (Author)

I Jesus in India 9
was made to murder him. When, however, God's

vengeance came, it so happened that the Meccan and tribal
chiefs decided unanimously that this man, the Holy
Prophetsa, should at all events be put to death. It was at that
time that God, who is the Supporter of His loved ones and
of the truthful and the righteous, informed him that nothing
but evil was left in the town, that the people were bent upon
murdering him and that he should leave the town at once.
Then in response to divine command, he migrated to
Medina. Even there, his enemies did not leave him alone;
they pursued him, and tried at all costs to annihilate Islam.
When their arrogance exceeded all limits, and their crime of
killing innocent people had made them only too fit to be
punished, Muslims were given the permission to fight in
self-defense. And those people and their helpers did
deserve punishment for killing many innocent persons and
robbing them of their possessions, not in any fair fight or
battle, but out of sheer mischief. But in spite of all this,
when Mecca was taken, our Holy Prophetsa pardoned them
all. It is, therefore, utterly wrong and unfair to suppose that
the Holy Prophetsa or his companions ever fought to spread
Islam, or forced anyone to join its fold.
Remember, at the time all nations were highly prejudiced
against Islam. The enemy was scheming to destroy Islam
which he thought was a new religion and the followers of
which were only a negligible minority, and everyone was
anxious to see the Muslims destroyed at the earliest, or too
torn apart to have any possibility of growth. This is why the
Muslims had to encounter hostility at every step, and
anyone from any tribe who accepted Islam was either
summarily killed by his tribe or lived in perpetual danger of

I 10 Jesus in India
losing his life. At this juncture, God Almighty took pity on

Muslim converts, and imposed on the bigoted powers the
penalty of becoming subjects of the Islamic state, thereby
throwing open the doors of freedom for Islam. This was
meant to remove the obstructions in the way of those who
wished to accept the faith; it was God's mercy upon
mankind, and did no one any harm.
It is evident, however, that non-Muslim rulers today do
not interfere with the religious freedom of Muslims; they do
not restrict the carrying out of religious rites; do not kill new
converts to Islam from among their own people and do not
put them into prison or torture them. Why then should
Islam permit the use of the sword against them? For a fact,
Islam has never advocated compulsion in religion. If you
closely study the Holy Quran, books of Hadith and historical
records, and examine them and reflect upon them as far as
possible, you will realize that the charge that Islam ever
used force and wielded the sword to spread the faith is an
utterly unfounded and shameless allegation. Such charges
are levelled against Islam by people who have not been able
to read the Quran, Hadith and the authentic chronicles in an
objective and impartial spirit, and have made free use of
slander and falsehood. I know the time is approaching fast
when those who are hungry and thirsty for truth will come
to know of the reality of these slanderous charges. How can
we describe Islam as a religion of compulsion, when its
Holy Book, the Holy Quran, unequivocally commands:
JJjt ,; ;,,~~5
,,, .. , ,. ~ ~!
5 2 : 257 (Translator)

I Jesus in India 11
This means that you are simply not allowed to convert

people by force. Can we ever accuse the great Prophet
Muhammadsa of using force, while, for thirteen long years
of his Meccan life, he continued to exhort his companions
not to return evil for evil, but to forbear and forgive? When
mischief exceeded all limits, and everyone joined hands to
try to obliterate Islam, God's wrath required that those who
kill by the sword should be killed by the sword. Except for
this, the Holy Quran does not at all approve of compulsion.
Were it so, the companions of our Holy Prophetsa, in
moments of trial, would not have succeeded in proving
their sincerity as true believers. While the loyalty of the
companions of our Master, the Holy Prophetsa, is a matter
upon which I hardly need to dwell, it is no secret that the
examples of upholding the truth and loyalty displayed by
the disciples are unparalleled in the history of other nations.
This band of the faithful did not waver in their loyalty and
steadfastness even under the shadow of the sword. The
unrelenting steadfastness they exhibited in the company of
the Holy Prophetsa is not humanly possible unless one's
heart is lit up with the light of genuine belief. In short, there
is no room for compulsion in Islam. Wars in Islam fall under
three categories:
i. Defensive war-war by way of self-protection;
ii. Punitive war-blood for blood;
iii. War to establish freedom-to break the hold of those
who kill converts to Islam.
Whereas Islam does not permit that anyone should be
converted by force or by threat to one's life, it is simply
absurd to await the appearance of a bloodthirsty Mahdi and

I 12 Jesus in India
Messiah. It is impossible that, contrary to the teaching of the

Holy Quran, someone should appear and convert people to
Islam by force. Now, this was not something that defied
comprehension or was too difficult to understand. Only the
ignorant have been led to this belief because of selfishness.
Most of our clerics happen to labour under the delusion that
wars waged by the Mahdi will bring great wealth, so much
so, that they will not be able to handle it. Since most of the
Maulvis or Muslim clerics today are so hard up, they are
eagerly waiting for the Mahdi to appear, who, they think,
will satisfy their baser appetites. Little wonder, therefore, if
these people turn against anyone who does not believe in
the appearance of such a Mahdi. Such a person is at once
denounced as an apostate, and outside the pale of Islam. For
these very reasons I too am an apostate in their eyes, since I
do not believe in the coming of a bloodthirsty Mahdi and
Messiah and I detest such absurd beliefs. But this is not the
only reason why they denounce me as an apostate. Of
course, I do not believe in the coming of an imaginary
Messiah and Mahdi. But there is also an added reason,
which is that I have publicly proclaimed that God has
revealed to me that the real Promised Messiah who is also
the Mahdi, tidings of whose appearance are to be found in
the Bible and the Holy Quran and whose coming is also
promised in the Ahadith is none other than myself.
However, I have come without a sword or a gun; God has
commanded me that with meek and gentle humility and
peace I should invite people to God Who is True, Eternal
and Immutable and is the Most Holy, All-Knowing, Ever-
Merciful, and Just.
I alone am the light of this age of darkness. He who

I Jesus in India 13
follows me will be saved from falling into the pits prepared

by the Devil for those who walk in the dark. I have been
sent by God to lead the world in humility and peace to the
True God, and to re-establish the reign of moral values in
Islam. God has provided me with heavenly signs for the
satisfaction of seekers after truth, and has shown miracles in
my support. He has disclosed to me secrets of the unseen
and of the future which, according to the Scriptures are the
real criteria for judging and identifying the true claimant to
this divine office. He has vouchsafed to me true Knowledge
and comprehension of verities. That is why, souls which
hate truth and love darkness have turned against me. But it
was my desire to be kind and forgiving towards mankind,
as far as it lay in my power. Hence, in this age the greatest
sympathy one can show to the Christians is to draw their
attention to the True God Who transcends the traumas of
birth, death, pain and suffering. He created all primordial
matter and particles in spherical shapes, and thus signed
this inherent message in nature that, like every sphere, His
own being is One. He is not subject to any dimensions.
None of the expansive bodies have been created triangular.
All the things God created in the beginning, the earth, the
heavens, the sun and the moon, the stars, the elements, are
all spherical in shape; this denotes Unity and Oneness of the
Creator. Hence there can be no truer sympathy and love for
the Christians than that their attention should be invited
towards the God Whose handiwork absolves Him of the
taint of trinity.
The one good service one could do to the Muslims would
be to reform their moral condition. Efforts should be made
to dispel the false hopes which they entertain in connection

I 14 Jesus in India
with the appearance of a bloodthirsty Mahdi and Messiah.

Such expectations are entirely against the teachings of
Islam. I have just said that the ideas of some of the present
day Muslim clerics that there will appear a bloodthirsty
Mahdi, who will spread Islam at the point of the sword, are
contrary to the Quranic teachings and are only the result of
wishful thinking. For a right-minded and truth-loving
Muslim to shed such beliefs, it should be enough that he
study the Holy Quran closely, pause, consider and see that
the Holy Word of God is very much against threatening to
kill people if they fail to become Muslims. This one
argument alone is sufficient to refute such false notions.
Nevertheless, out of a feeling of sympathy, I have decided
to refute the aforesaid misconceptions by clear and positive
proofs from history and other sources. Hence, I shall try to
prove in this book that Jesus did not die on the cross, nor
did he go up to the heavens; nor should it be supposed that
he would ever again come down to the earth. On the
contrary, the fact of the matter is that he died at the age of
120 years at Srinagar, Kashmir, where his tomb is still to be
found in the Khan Yar quarter. To prove this point, I have
divided this enquiry into ten chapters and an epilogue,
which are as follows:
1. Testimonies from the Gospels.
2. Testimonies from the Holy Quran and the Ahadith.
3. Testimonies from medical literature.
4. Testimonies from historical records.
5. Testimonies from oral traditions which have been
handed down from generation to generation.
6. Testimonies from miscellaneous circumstantial
evidence.

I Jesus in India 15
7. Testimonies from logical argument.

8. Testimonies from the fresh revelation I have
received from God.
These constitute eight chapters. In chapter 9, there will be
a brief comparison between Christianity and Islam, setting
out arguments in favour of the latter. In chapter 10, there
will be a somewhat detailed account of the aims and
objectives which I have been divinely commissioned to
realize. This will include evidence to prove that I am the
Promised Messiah and that I have been sent by God. At the
end, there is an epilogue in which I have set forth some
important guidelines.
I trust that those who read this book will do so carefully,
and will not reject, out of prejudice, the truth contained in it.
I should like to remind that this is not a cursory and passing
investigation; the proofs contained in this book have been
made available after a deep and searching inquiry. I pray to
God that He may help me in this undertaking and lead me
by His special revelation and inspiration to the perfect Light
of truth, for all true knowledge and clear perception
descend from Him, and only with His leave can it guide
human hearts to truth. Amen!
MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD,

Qadian
25 th April 1899.

Chapter One
Christians believe that Jesus was arrested and crucified,
owing to his betrayal by Judas Iscariot, was later
resurrected, and raised to heaven. A detailed study of the
Gospel, however, disproves this notion altogether. It is
written in Matthew chapter 12 verse 40:
For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the whale's
belly; so shall the son of man be three days and three nights
in the heart of the earth.
Now it is obvious that Jonah did not die in the belly of
the whale; all that happened was that he went into a swoon
or a coma. The holy books of God bear witness that Jonah,
by the grace of God, remained in the belly of the whale
alive, came out alive, and his people ultimately accepted
him. If then Jesus had died in the belly of the whale, 6 what
resemblance could there be between the dead and the
living, and vice versa? The truth is, that Jesus was a true
prophet and he knew that God, who loved him, would save
him from an accursed death. Therefore, on the basis of
divine revelation, he prophesied in the form of a parable,
and positively intimated that he would not die on the cross,
nor would he give up his ghost on the accursed wood; on
the contrary, like the prophet Jonah, he would only be in a
state of swoon. In the parable, he had also hinted that he
6 This is a misprint in the first edition, the word 'whale' should be read
'earth'. [Translator]
17

11s Jesus in India
would come out of the bowels of the earth and join his
people and would be honoured like Jonah. This prophecy
was also fulfilled; for Jesus came out of the bowels of the
earth and went to his tribes who lived in the eastern
countries like Kashmir and Tibet. These were the ten tribes
of the Israelites who 721 years* before Jesus, had been taken
captive and forced to leave Samaria by Shalmaneser, King
of Assur. They eventually came to India and settled in
various parts of the country. Jesus had to make this journey,
for the divine object underlying his mission was to meet the
lost tribes of Israel who had settled in different parts of
India. This was because these were the lost sheep of Israel
who had renounced their ancestral faith after settling in
these parts, and most of them had become Buddhists, and
gradually started worshipping idols. Dr. Bernier, on the
authority of a number of eminent scholars, states in his
Travels that the Kashmiris in reality are the Jews who had
migrated to this country during the political turmoil in the
days of the king of Assur.** 7 In any case, it was incumbent
upon Jesus to find out the whereabouts of the lost sheep,
who had got mixed with the local people after coming to
India. I shall presently produce evidence to prove that Jesus
did in fact come to India and then, by stages, travelled to
Kashmir, and discovered the lost sheep of Israel among
Buddhists, who ultimately accepted him the way Jonah was
accepted by his people. This was inevitable, for Jesus
himself said in so many words that he had been sent to the
• Besides these, more Jews were exiled to eastern countries as a result of

Babylonian excesses. (Author)
•• See Volume II of Travels by the Frenchman Dr. Bernier. (Author)
7 See Appendix extract 10. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 19
lost sheep of Israel.

Otherwise too, he must needs have escaped death on the
cross, for it was stated in the Holy Book that whoever was
hanged on the cross was accursed. The term 'accursed' has a
connotation which it would be cruel and unfair to apply to a
chosen one of God like Jesus, for, according to the agreed
view of all whose mother tongue is Arabic, la'nat, or curse,
has reference to the state of one's heart. A man is said to be
accursed when his heart, having been estranged from God,
becomes dark; when, deprived of divine mercy and of
divine love, devoid absolutely of His knowledge, blind and
deaf like Satan, he is saturated with the poison of unbelief;
when there remains not a ray of divine love and knowledge
in him; when the bonds of love and loyalty are broken, and,
between him and God, mutual hatred and disdain and spite
and hostility take root, so much so that they become
enemies; and God becomes weary of him and he becomes
weary of God; in short, he becomes an heir to all the
attributes of the Devil. That is why the Devil himself is
called the accursed.*
The connotation of the word 'accursed' is so foul and
unclean that it can never apply to a righteous person who
entertains the love of God in his heart. It is a pity that
Christians did not consider the significance of curse when
they invented this belief; otherwise, they could never have
used such a degrading word for a righteous man like Jesus.
Can we ever possibly imagine that Jesus' heart was
estranged from God; that he had denied His existence,
• Vide the lexicons: Lisaan-ul-Arab, Sihah Jauhari, Qaamus, Muhit, Taj-

ul-Urus, etc. (Author)

1 20 Jesus in India
hated Him and had become His enemy? Can we ever

imagine that Jesus ever felt in his heart of hearts that he was
alienated from God, that he was an enemy of God, and that
he was totally lost in the darkness of unbelief and denial?
But while Jesus never experienced such feelings and his
heart was always full of the light of Divine love and
knowledge, then, my worthy intellectuals, how can we ever
say that not one, but thousands of curses descended upon
Jesus with all their evil significance! God forbid, this could
never be. How then can we believe that Jesus was accursed?
What a pity, that once a man has expressed an opinion or
taken his stand on a certain doctrine, he is ill-inclined to
turn back from it, even if all its ills are exposed before him.
It is praiseworthy indeed to seek salvation if it is based on
authentic reality, but where is the sense in a desire for
salvation which kills truth and countenances the belief
regarding a holy prophet and perfect man, that he passed
through a state in which he was totally estranged from God,
and instead of unreserved and single-minded submission,
there appeared in him a strangeness and alienation, even
enmity and hatred, and that darkness filled his heart in
place of light?
Remember, this kind of thinking not only detracts from
the dignity of the prophethood of Jesus but is also
derogatory to his claim to spiritual eminence, holiness, love,
and knowledge of God, to which he gives repeated
expression in the Gospels. Just look it up in the New
Testament where Jesus claims that he is the Light and the
Guide of the world, that he has a relationship of great love
with God, that he has been blessed with a pure birth and
that he is the beloved son of God. How then, in spite of

I Jesus in India 21
these pure and holy ties, can the unholy attributes of a curse
be ascribed to Jesus? No, this can never be so. There cannot
be the least doubt therefore that Jesus was not crucified, and
did not die on the cross, for his person did not deserve the
stigma of death on the cross. Not having been crucified, he
was also spared the unclean consequence of the curse, and
this no doubt proves that he did not physically go to
heaven. Since ascension was a constituent part of the whole
scheme and a corollary of crucifixion, it necessarily follows
that as he was neither accursed nor did he go to hell for
three days, nor for that matter did he die on the cross, the
second part of the scheme, namely, that of ascension, also
stands nullified. The Gospels contain even more evidence
on this, which I proceed to set below. One of these is the
following statement of Jesus:
But after I am risen again, I will go before you into Galilee.
(Matthew 26: 32)
This verse clearly shows that Jesus, after he had come out
of the sepulchre, went to Galilee and not to heaven. His
words 'After I am risen' do not mean coming to life after
being dead; rather, Jesus used these words in anticipation of
what the people were going to say in the future, because as
it turned out, they thought he had died on the cross. And
indeed, if a man is put on the cross, with nails driven into
his hands and feet, and he faints away for all his suffering,
looking more dead than alive; if such a man is saved from
his ordeal and recovers his senses, it would hardly be an
exaggeration on his part to say that he had come to life
again. No doubt, Jesus' escape from such a predicament was
no less than a miracle. There is no doubt that after so much
suffering, Jesus' escape from death was a miracle, but it

1 22 Jesus in India
would be wrong to say that Jesus had actually died. True,

words to this effect are of course found in the Gospels, but
this is only the kind of mistake which the evangelists have
also made in the recording of several other historical events.
In the light of their research, commentators of the Gospels
admit that the books of the New Testament can be divided
into two parts:
i. The religious teaching which the disciples received from
Jesus; this constitutes the essence of the teachings of the
Gospel.
ii. Historical events, like the genealogy of Jesus, his arrest
and his being beaten; the existence at the time of a
miraculous pond, etc., were recorded by the writers on
their own authority. They were not revelations but were
written down according to the writers' own perceptions.
At places, we find gross exaggerations, for instance, it is
stated that if all the miracles and works of Jesus were
put into writing, the world would not be big enough to
accommodate them. What a hyperbole!
On the other hand, it would be quite in keeping with
common parlance to describe as death the traumatic shock
suffered by Jesus. This kind of expression is almost
universal. Whenever a man escapes from such a near-fatal
experience, without any hesitation he is considered to have
been given 'a new life'.
One thing more worth attention is that in the Gospel of
Barnabas, which should be available in the London library,
it is written that he was not put on the cross, nor did he die
thereupon. We could very well point out that though this
book is not included in the Gospels and has been rejected

I Jesus in India 23
summarily, but there is no doubt that it is an ancient book,

and was written at the same time as the other Gospels. Can't
we, therefore, view this book as an ancient chronicle and
make use of it as an historical document? And can't we
conclude from this book that at the time when the event of
the cross took place, people were not unanimous as to Jesus
having died on the cross? Apart from this, the four Gospels
themselves use metaphors describing a dead person as
being asleep. It is not far from the point to suppose that
coma has been described as death. As I have already
mentioned, a prophet never lies. Jesus compared his three
days' stay in the tomb to the three days Jonah spent in the
belly of the whale. This only shows that just as Jonah
remained alive in the belly of the whale for three days, Jesus
must also have been alive in the tomb for three days. It must
be remembered here that the Jewish tombs in those days
were not like the present-day tombs; they were spacious
like a room and had an opening at one end covered with a
big stone. I shall prove in due course that Jesus' tomb,
which has been recently discovered in Srinagar in Kashmir,
is exactly similar to the one in which Jesus was placed in a
state of swoon.
In short, the verse I have just quoted shows that Jesus,
after coming out of the sepulchre, went to Galilee. It is
written in the Gospel of Mark that after coming out of the
sepulchre, Jesus was seen on the road to Galilee, and in due
course he met the eleven disciples who were at their meal;
he showed them his hands and feet which bore wounds;
they thought that he was perhaps a spirit. Then he said to
them: 'It is I myself; touch me and see for a spirit has no
flesh and bones as I have.' Then he took a piece of broiled

24 Jesus in India
fish, and of an honeycomb and ate it before them. See Mark

16:14 and Luke 24:39-42.s
These verses show that it is certain that Jesus never went
to the heavens; rather, he came out of the sepulchre and
went to Galilee like a common man, in ordinary clothes and
a human body. If he had been resurrected after death, how
was it that his spiritual body could still have borne the
wounds inflicted upon him on the cross? What need had he
to eat? And if he required food then he must be in need of
food even now!
Readers should know better than to think that the Jewish
cross was like the present day gallows, from which
deliverance is almost an impossibility. In those days, no
noose was secured around the neck of the victim, nor was
the wooden plank pulled from under him to keep him
hanging. Instead, the victim was put on the cross, his hands
and feet were nailed to it; and there was always the
possibility that after he was put on the cross and duly
nailed, he could still be taken down alive after a day or two,
before his bones had been broken, in case it was decided to
8 "Afterward he appeared unto the eleven as they sat at meat, and

upbraided them with their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they
believed not them which had seen him after he was risen." - Mark 16:14
"And as they thus spake, Jesus himself stood in the midst of them, and
saith unto them, Peace be unto you. But they were terrified and
affrightened, and supposed that they had seen a spirit. And he said unto
them, Why are ye troubled? and why do thoughts arise in your hearts?
Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see; for
a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have. And when he had
thus spoken, he showed them his hands and his feet. And while they yet
believed not for joy, and wondered, he said unto them, Have ye here any
meat? And they gave him a piece of a broiled fish, and of an honeycomb.
And he took it, and did eat before them." - Luke 24:36-43 (Translator)

I Jesus in India 25
spare his life, the punishment already undergone being

considered sufficient. If he was meant to be killed, he was
kept on the cross, was denied food and water and left in this
condition under the sun for at least three days, after which
his bones were broken and he would expire under the
torture. But by the grace of God Almighty, Jesus was spared
the agony which would otherwise have meant certain
death. A close scrutiny of the Gospels would reveal that
neither did Jesus remain on the cross for three days, nor did
he have to suffer hunger or thirst, nor were his bones
broken. On the contrary, he remained on the cross only for
about two hours, and it so happened, by the grace of the
Almighty, that he was placed on the cross in the latter part
of the day, which was a Friday, sometime before sunset, the
next day being the Sabbath, the Jewish feast of Fasah. Now,
according to Jewish custom, it was unlawful and a
cognizable offence to let anyone remain on the cross on the
Sabbath, or the night before. Jews, like Muslims, followed
the lunar calendar, according to which the day began with
the sunset. On the one hand was this welcome circumstance
which was born of earthly causes, and, on the other, divine
scheme intervened. When the sixth hour had struck, a
severe dust storm began to blow which enveloped the
world in darkness and persisted for at least three hours. See
Mark 15:33. The sixth hour was after twelve o'clock and was
close to evening. Now, the Jews got worried at the deep
darkness and feared lest the night of the Sabbath should
overtake them and lest, having violated the sanctity of the
Sabbath, they should be deservedly punished. Therefore,
they hurriedly removed Jesus and the two thieves from
their crosses. In addition to this, there was another heavenly

1 2s Jesus in India
intervention. When Pilate presided at his court, his wife sent

word to him saying, Have nothing to do with that just man
(don't seek to have him killed) for I have suffered many
things in a dream because of him. See Matthew 27:19. 9 So,
this angel, whom the wife of Pilate saw in her dream, would
have us and all fair-minded people believe, that God had
never intended for Jesus to die on the cross. Ever since
creation, it has never happened that God should reveal to a
person in a dream that a particular thing would happen in a
certain way, and still that thing should fail to happen. For
example, Matthew says that an angel of the Lord came to
Joseph in a dream and said:
Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into
Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word: for Herod
will seek the young child to destroy him. (Matthew 2:13)
Can anyone imagine that Jesus could have been killed in
Egypt? The dream of Pilate's wife was similarly a part of
divine design, which could never fail in its objective. Just as
the possibility of Jesus being put to death during the
journey to Egypt was against the specific promise of God, so
here too it is unthinkable that the angel of God should
appear to Pilate's wife and point out to her that if Jesus died
on the cross it would spell disaster for her, and yet the
angel's appearance should go in vain, and Jesus should be
allowed to suffer death on the cross. Is there any example of
this in the world? None. The pure conscience of all good
men, when informed of the dream of Pilate's wife, will no
9 "When he was set down on the Judgement seat, his wife sent unto him,
saying, Have thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered
many things this day in a dream because of him." - Matthew 27:19
(Translator)

I Jesus in India 27
doubt testify that for a fact it was the purpose of the dream
to lay the foundation for Jesus' rescue. On the other hand,
everyone is free to reject a self-evident reality, out of sheer
prejudice for his creed, but fairness would have us believe
that the dream of Pilate's wife is a piece of weighty evidence
in support of Jesus' escape from the cross. Matthew, the first
and foremost of the Gospels, testifies to this. Although the
powerful evidence which I shall set out in this book at once
invalidates the divinity of Jesus and the doctrine of
Atonement, yet honesty and fairness demand that we
should pay no heed to our people, family, and conventional
religion in accepting the truth. Since his creation, man,
because he lacked true insight, has deified very many
objects, so much so, that even cats and snakes have been
worshipped. But the wiser among men, by the grace of God,
have always managed to keep away from such polytheistic
beliefs.
Among the testimonies of the Gospels, which testify to
Jesus' escape from death on the cross, is the journey he
undertook to a far-off place i.e. Galilee after coming out of
the sepulchre. On Sunday morning, the first person he met
was Mary Magdalene, who at once informed the disciples
that Jesus was alive, but they did not believe her. Then he
was seen by two of the disciples who were walking in the
countryside; and finally he appeared to all the eleven while
they were at their meal and remonstrated with them for
their callousness and lack of faith. See Mark 16:9-14. Again,
when the disciples were going towards the hamlet called
Emmaus, 3.75 kose 10 from Jerusalem, Jesus joined them; and
10 Different scales are used to measure distance in different parts of the

1 2s Jesus in India
when they reached the hamlet, Jesus wanted to part

company with them, but they insisted on his staying. He
then dined with them, and they all spent the night with
Jesus in Emmaus. See Luke 24:13-31. Now, it is absolutely
impossible and irrational to say that Jesus ate and drank
and slept and made a journey of about 70 kose to Galilee and
performed all the functions of the physical body with a
disembodied spirit-the spiritual form the human body
assumes after death. Although many differences are found
in the Gospels due to differing dispositions, they clearly
prove that Jesus met his disciples in his mortal, physical
body, and made a long journey on foot to Galilee. He
showed his wounds to the disciples, had the evening meal
with them, and slept in their company. We shall later on
prove that he even treated his wounds with a special
ointment.
Now, one has to consider, as to how it is possible that
after a person has been invested a glorious and eternal
frame, and exempted from the necessity of eating and
drinking, is to sit on the right hand of God, and freed from
all pain and deformity, he should still bear on his hands and
feet fresh nail wounds which bleed and hurt, and an
ointment has to be prepared to heal them? In other words,
even after having an eternal body which should last forever
without changing or deteriorating, Jesus was still suffering
from a number of travails. He even showed his flesh and
bones to his disciples; he was also prone to hunger and
thirst, or it would serve no purpose to eat and drink and to
world. According to the measurement mentioned by the Promised

Messiah in this book, one kose is equal to 1.625 miles. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 29
rest during his journey. Food and water are indeed

necessary for mortal bodies in this world, and their lack
could prove fatal. Hence, there is no doubt that Jesus did
not die on the cross, and did not acquire a new spiritual
body: rather, he was in a state of coma which resembled
death. And it so happened, by God's mercy, that the tomb
in which he was placed was not like the tombs we have in
this country; it was a large and ventilated room with an
opening. It was a custom with the Jews in those days to
build large sepulchers with an access; they were kept ready
and when someone died, his body was placed there. We
find a clear testimony of this in the Gospels. Luke says,
Now upon the first day of the week very early in the
morning, they (the women) came unto the sepulchre bringing
the spices which they had prepared, and certain others with
them. And they found the stone rolled away from the
sepulchre and they entered in and found not the body of the
Lord Jesus. (Luke 24:2-3) 11
Consider for a moment the words, 'they entered'.
Obviously, a man can only enter a tomb which is like a
room and has an opening. I shall again state at its proper
place in this book that the tomb of Jesus which has recently
been discovered in Srinagar, Kashmir, also has an opening.
This is a very special point and researchers can draw
meaningful conclusions from it.
Among the testimonies of the Gospels are the words of
Pilate, recorded by St. Mark:
And now when the even was come, because it was the
preparation, that is the day before the Sabbath, Joseph of
11 This seems to be a misprint in the first edition. The correct reference is
Luke 24:1-3. [Translator]

1 so Jesus in India
Arimathea, an honourable counsellor, who also waited for

the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate,
and craved the body of Jesus. And Pilate marvelled if he were
already dead. (Mark 16: 42-44)1 2
This shows that suspicion had risen at the very moment
of crucifixion as to whether Jesus had actually died, and this
suspicion was raised by a person who knew well enough
how long it took for a person to die on the cross.
Among the testimonies of the Gospels are also the
following verses:
The Jews, therefore, because it was the preparation, that the
bodies should not remain upon the cross on the Sabbath day
(for that Sabbath day was an high day), besought Pilate that
their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken
away. Then came the soldiers and brake the legs of the first,
and of the other which was crucified with him. But when
they came to Jesus and saw that he was dead already they
brake not his legs: But one of the soldiers with a spear
pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and
water. (John 19:31-34)
These verses clearly show that in order to put an end to

the life of a crucified person, it was the practice in those
days to keep him on the cross for several days, and then to
break his legs, but Jesus' legs were purposely not broken,
and he was taken down alive from the cross, like the two
thieves. That was the reason why blood gushed out when
his side was pierced, whereas the blood of a dead man is
congealed. This shows very clearly that there was some
kind of a secret plan. Pilate was a God-fearing and good-
12 This is a misprint in the first edition. The correct reference is Mark
15:42-44) [Translator]

I Jesus in India 31
hearted man; he could not openly show favour to Jesus for

fear of Caesar because the Jews condemned Jesus as a rebel.
All the same, Pilate was lucky to have beheld Jesus but
Caesar was not so fortunate. Pilate not only saw Jesus but
also showed him great favour. He did not at all desire that
Jesus should suffer crucifixion. It is clear from the Gospels
that Pilate resolved several times to let Jesus go, but the
Jews threatened that if he did so, he would be disloyal to
Caesar because, according to them, Jesus was a rebel who
wanted to become king. (John 19:12)
Moreover, the dream which Pilate's wife saw, was also
the prime mover to the effect that somehow or the other,
Jesus should be saved from crucifixion, and that it would
otherwise spell disaster. Since the Jews were a mischievous
people, and were quite ready to report him to Caesar, Pilate
used a subterfuge to release Jesus. First, he ordered Jesus'
crucifixion in the expiring hours of a Friday, close to the
night of Sabbath. Pilate was only too well aware that
according to the Jewish law Jesus could only be kept on the
cross until that evening, as the Sabbath would then begin
and it would be unlawful to keep the bodies on the cross. It
is unthinkable that the two thieves should be alive after two
hours and Jesus should be dead; this was rather part of the
design not to allow Jesus' bones to be broken. To a person
with some common sense, it is indeed a reasonable point to
ponder that the two thieves were taken down alive from
their crosses. Indeed, it was normal practice that people
were taken down alive from the cross and died only when
their bones were broken or they breathed their last because
of hunger and thirst after staying on the cross for a few
days. But Jesus had to suffer none of these travails. Neither

1 s2 Jesus in India
was he kept on the cross hungry and thirsty for so many

days, nor were his bones broken to put a stop to his life at
once. It would be understandable if even one of the two
thieves had died and there had been no need to break his
bones.
Furthermore, Joseph, a close friend of Pilate's, who was a
chief in those parts, and a secret disciple of Jesus, happened
to arrive at this very moment. I presume that he too was
summoned by Pilate. Jesus was declared dead and his body
was placed in his custody. Since Joseph was a respected
personality, the Jews could not quarrel with him. Thus, he
took charge of Jesus, who had been declared dead whereas
he was actually in a coma. Following Pilate's instructions,
he took Jesus to a room with an opening which was used as
a grave according to the prevailing custom of the time, and
was beyond the access of the Jews.
All this took place in the midst of the 14th century after
the demise of the prophet Moses, and the Messiah was the
divine reformer who was to revive the Jewish faith in that
century. Although the Jews themselves were awaiting the
Messiah in the fourteenth century, and the prophecies of the
earlier prophets testified to his coming, it is a pity that the
Jews did not recognize the person and the time and
denounced their Promised Messiah as an imposter. They
called him an apostate, pronounced a verdict of death
against him, and dragged him to court. This shows that the
fourteenth century has the inherent quality of making
people's hearts callous, and causing religious clerics to
become blind and averse to the truth. A comparison
between the fourteenth century after Moses and the

I Jesus in India 33
fourteenth century after the Holy Prophetsa_who is the

similitude of Moses, will show, first, that in both of these
centuries there was a man who claimed to be the Promised
Messiah, and that it was a true claim, made on the authority
of God Almighty. We also know that the religious leaders of
the two peoples declared both of them to be apostates,
denounced them as unbelievers and Anti-Christs, and
pronounced verdicts of death against both. They were both
taken to the courts; a Roman court in one case and a British
court in the other. But in the end, they were both saved and
the designs of both the Jewish and the Muslim clerics failed.
God intended to raise great communities for both the
Messiahs, and to defeat the designs of their enemies. In
short, the fourteenth century after Moses and the fourteenth
century after our Holy Prophetsa, are both hard and trying
and, in the long run, full of blessings for their respective
Messiahs.
Among the testimonies which bear out that Jesus was
indeed saved from the cross is the one narrated in Matthew
26:36-46. It relates that, having been informed by revelation
of his impending arrest, Jesus prayed to God all night,
crying and prostrating. These prayers, offered in such
humility, for which Jesus was given ample time, could not
have gone unaccepted. God never turns down the prayer of
a chosen one when he prays in distress. How then could
Jesus' prayer have been turned down, which he offered all
night long in a state of anguish and distress, particularly
when Jesus himself had announced that his Father in
heaven listened to his prayers. How could we say that God
listened to his prayers if this prayer offered in such distress
was not accepted? The Gospels also show that Jesus was

1 34 Jesus in India
certain that his prayer had been accepted and that he had
great faith in his prayer. That is why when he was arrested
and put on the cross, and found the circumstances contrary
to his expectations, he involuntarily cried out: .}t:.....,. W _}.I _}.I
'Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani', that is to say 'My God, my God why
hast Thou forsaken me?', 13 meaning, 'I did not expect things
would come to this pass and that I would have to die on the
cross. I was certain that God would listen to my prayers.'
So, both these references of the Gospels show that Jesus
firmly believed his prayer would be heard and accepted and
his nightlong cries and supplications would not go in vain.
In fact, he had himself taught his disciples, on divine
authority, that if they prayed, their prayers would be
accepted. He had also related the parable of the judge who
feared neither God nor man, which was intended to convey
to the disciples that God did indeed listen to prayers.
Although Jesus had been apprised of the impending
catastrophe, yet, like all righteous people, he prayed to God,
believing that there was nothing impossible for Him and
that everything that happened or did not happen was
subject to God's will. Now if Jesus' own prayer was not
accepted, God forbid, what an adverse effect this would
have had on his disciples who had seen with their own eyes
that the prayer of a great prophet like Jesus, addressed all
night long with such burning passion, had not been
accepted. Such an unfortunate example would have sorely
tried their faith. God's mercy, therefore, desired that this
prayer must be accepted; and the prayer offered at
Gethsemane was indeed accepted.
13 See Matthew 27:46 (Translator)

I Jesus in India 35
There is another point to remember in this connection.

Just as there was a conspiracy to kill Jesus, for which
purpose the chief priests and the scribes assembled at the
palace of the high priest called Caiphas and devised a plan
to kill Jesus, so was there a conspiracy to murder Moses,
and, likewise, the Holy Prophetsa, for which there was a
secret consultation in Mecca at a place called Dar-ul-Nadwa.
But God Almighty saved both the great prophets from the
evil consequences of these designs. The conspiracy against
Jesus lies, in point of time, between the two conspiracies;
why then was Jesus not saved, even when he had prayed so
earnestly and in a much more dire situation? Why was
Jesus' prayer not heard, when God hears the prayers of His
beloved servants and frustrates the designs of the wicked?
All righteous people know by experience that the prayer of
the distressed and the afflicted is accepted. Indeed the hour
of distress is the time for the righteous to show signs. I have
had personal experience of this. Two years ago, a false
charge of attempted murder was brought against me by Dr.
Martin Clark, a Christian, who was a resident of Amritsar,
Punjab. The case was filed in the district court, Gurdaspur,
and it was alleged that I had sent a person named Abdul
Hameed to murder the said doctor. It so happened that I
was opposed in this case by several scheming persons
belonging to the three communities, Christian, Hindu, and
Muslim, who joined hands in trying to prove the charge of
attempted murder. The Christians were against me because
I was trying, and am still trying, to rescue humanity from
the false notions which Christians entertain regarding Jesus;
and this was the first taste of their ire. The Hindus were
displeased with me because I had made a prophecy

1 ss Jesus in India
regarding the death of Pundit Lekh Ram, with his consent,

and the prophecy was fulfilled within the appointed time,
which was indeed a terrible sign from God. Likewise, the
Muslim clerics were angry because I was opposed to the
idea of a bloodthirsty Messiah and to the doctrine of Jihad
as understood by them. So, some important personages of
these three communities counselled together to somehow
prove the charge of murder against me, so that I should
either be hanged or imprisoned. They were thus unjust in
the sight of God. God had informed me of this long before
their secret consultations, and had given me the tidings of
my ultimate acquittal. These divine revelations were
announced beforehand to hundreds of people; and when
after the revelation, I prayed: 'Lord! Save me from this
affliction,' it was revealed to me that God would save me
and clear me of the charge brought against me. This
revelation was verbally communicated to more than three
hundred persons, many of whom are still alive. It so
happened that my enemies produced false witnesses in the
court, and very nearly 'proved' the case, witnesses of the
three communities mentioned earlier having deposed
against me. Then, it so happened, that the truth of the case
was disclosed by God in a variety of ways to the magistrate
before whom the case was pending. This magistrate was
Captain W. Douglas, the Deputy Commissioner of
Gurdaspur. He was convinced that the case was false. Then
without caring for the doctor who was also a missionary, his
sense of justice made him dismiss the case. Thus what I had
announced about my acquittal on the authority of divine
revelation to hundreds of people and in public meetings
turned out to be true notwithstanding the mounting danger

I Jesus in India 37
of the attending circumstances. This served to fortify the

faith of many people. This was not all. More charges of this
kind and calumnies of a criminal character were preferred
against me on the above grounds, and cases were taken to
court, but before I could be summoned, God informed me
of the origin and the end of each affair, and in every case
howsoever alarming, I was given the glad tidings of
acquittal in advance.
The point of this discourse is that God Almighty does
indeed accept prayers especially when the oppressed knock
on his door with implicit faith in Him; He attends to their
plaints, and helps them in strange ways. To this, I myself
am a witness. Why was it then that the prayer of Jesus
uttered in such anguish was not accepted? But indeed, it
was accepted, and God did save him. God caused things to
happen on earth and in heaven to rescue him. John, i.e. the
Prophet Yahya, had no time to pray for his end had arrived,
but Jesus had a whole night to pray, and he spent it in
supplication, standing and prostrating before God, for God
had willed that he should give expression to his distress and
pray to Him for Whom nothing was impossible. So the
Lord, in keeping with His eternal practice, heard his prayer.
The Jews lied when they taunted Jesus at the time of the
crucifixion as to why God had not saved him despite his
trust in Him? God frustrated all the designs of the Jews and
saved His beloved Messiah from the cross and the attending
curse. And the Jews had indeed failed.
Among the testimonies of the Gospels which have
reached us are the following verses from Matthew:
That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon
the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of

1 ss Jesus in India
Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the

temple and the altar. Verily I say unto you, All these things
shall come upon this generation. (Matthew 23:35-36)
Now, if you think over these verses you will find that
Jesus clearly says that the killing of prophets by the Jews
ceased with the prophet Zacharias, and that after that, the
Jews had no power to kill any prophet. This is a major
prophecy which clearly points out that Jesus was not killed
as a result of crucifixion; he was rather saved from the cross,
dying ultimately a natural death. For if Jesus was also to
suffer death at the hands of the Jews, like Zacharias, he
would have hinted at it in these verses. If it is argued that
Jesus was killed by the Jews but this was not a sin on the
Jews' part, for Jesus' death was in the nature of an
atonement, the contention is hardly tenable, for in John
19:11 Jesus says that the Jews have been guilty of a great sin
for having resolved to kill him; and likewise in many other
places there is the unmistakable hint that as a penalty for
the crime of which they had been guilty against Jesus, they
deserved punishment in the sight of God. See the Gospel 14
26:24.
reached us, is this verse in Matthew:
Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which
shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming
in his kingdom. (Matthew 16:28)
And this verse from John:
Jesus saith unto him, If I will that he (the disciple John)
tarry (in Jerusalem) till I come. (John 21:22)
14 Gospel of Matthew. [Translator]

I Jesus in India 39
This means: 'If I will, John will not die till I come again'.
These verses show with great clarity that Jesus had made a
promise that some people would still be alive when he
returned; among these, he had named John. The fulfillment
of this promise was therefore inevitable. Accordingly,
Christians also admit that for the prophecy to be fulfilled in
accordance with the promise, it was inevitable that Jesus
should have come at a time when some of his disciples were
still alive. This is also the basis of the clergymen's
declaration that Jesus had come to Jerusalem at the time of
its destruction, as he had promised, and that John had seen
him, as he was still alive at the time. But it should be noted
that Christians do not say that Jesus really came down from
heaven accompanied by appointed signs; they rather say
that he appeared to John in a kind of vision so that he might
fulfil his prophecy contained in Matthew 16:38. 15 But I say
that such coming does not fulfil the prophecy. It is a very
poor attempt at interpretation and is meant to avoid the
objections inherent in the prophecy. This interpretation is
evidently untenable and wrong, so much so, that it needs no
refutation, for if Jesus had to appear to anyone in a dream or
a vision, a prophecy of this kind would be ridiculous.*
15 This is a misprint in the first edition; the correct reference is 16:28. (Translator)
* I have seen in certain books interpretations of Matthew 26:24 16 by Muslim

clerics which are more laboured than even the interpretations of Christians;
they say that when Jesus declared it to be a sign of his coming that some
people of that generation would still be alive and that a disciple would also
be alive when the Messiah would appear, it is necessary that that disciple
should be living up till now, for the Messiah has not come yet; and they
think that that disciple is hiding somewhere on some mountain, awaiting the
Messiah! (Author)
16 This is a misprint in the first edition; the correct reference is 16:28. (Translator)

1 40 Jesus in India
Moreover, Jesus had also appeared to Paul long before this

in the same manner. It appears that the prophecy contained
in Matthew 16:28 has caused a panic among the padres and
they have not been able to give it a rational meaning
consistent with their own beliefs. It was difficult for them to
say that Jesus, at the time of the destruction of Jerusalem,
had descended from heaven in glory, and that, like the
lightning which lights up the heavens, was seen by
everybody; and also it was not easy for them to ignore the
statement, 'Some of those who are standing here will not
taste death till they have seen the Son of man coming in his
kingdom.' Therefore, as a result of a laboured interpretation
they believed in the fulfillment of the prophecy in the form
of a vision. But this is not true; righteous servants of God
always appear in visions to the divinely elect, and for a
vision it is not even necessary that they should appear only
in a dream, they can be seen even when one is awake, and I
myself have experienced such phenomena. I have seen
visions in which I met Jesus many a time, and I have also
met some of the other prophets, while I was fully awake. I
have also seen our Chief, Lord and Master, the Holy
Prophet Muhammadsa many a time in this condition, and I
have talked to him in such a clear state of being awake that
sleep or drowsiness had nothing to do with it. I have also
met some dead people at their graves or other places while I
was awake, and have talked to them. I very well know that
such a meeting with the dead in this state is possible, and
that not only can we meet, we can also talk to them and
even shake hands. Between this and the ordinary state of
being awake there is no difference during such an
experience; a person feels that he is in this very world, has

I Jesus in India 41
the same ears, eyes and tongue, but deeper reflection

reveals a different universe. The world cannot understand
this kind of experience, for the world lies in a state of
indifference. This experience is a gift of God for those who
are endowed with an extra sensory perception. The
experience is of course genuine and authentic. Therefore,
when Jesus appeared to John after the destruction of
Jerusalem, though the latter might have seen him while
fully awake, and though they might have had some
conversation and a handshake between them, nevertheless,
the incident has nothing to do with the prophecy. Such
phenomena often take place in the world and even now, if I
devote some attention to it, I can by the grace of God see
Jesus or some other holy prophet while I am awake. But
such a meeting would not fulfil the prophecy contained in
Matthew 16:28.
What actually happened was that Jesus knew that he
would be saved from the cross and would migrate to
another land, that God would neither let him die nor take
him away from this world as long as he had not seen the
destruction of the Jews with his own eyes, and that he
would not die unless and until the kingdom of heaven,
vouchsafed to the godly, realized its aims and objectives.
Jesus made this prophecy to assure his disciples that they
would presently see the sign that those who had raised the
sword against him would be killed with the sword during
his lifetime and in his very presence. Thus, if evidence is of
any value, there is no greater evidence to convince the
Christians than the fact that Jesus himself prophesied that
some of them would still be alive when he returned.

1 42 Jesus in India
Remember, the Gospels contain two kinds of prophecies

about the coming of Jesus:
i. The promise of his coming in the latter days means his
coming in the spiritual sense, like the coming of Elijah
before the coming of the Messiah. Like Elijah, he has
already appeared in this age and it is I, the writer, a
servant of mankind, who has appeared in the name of
the Messiah as the Promised Messiah. Jesus has told of
my coming in the Gospels, and blessed is he who, out
of love for Jesus, considers my claim with justice and
fairness, and saves himself from going astray.
ii. The other prophecies regarding the second coming of
Jesus mentioned in the Gospels constitute evidence of
his life which continued after the experience of the
cross, by the sheer grace of God. It was in accordance
with the prophecy that God saved his chosen servant
from death on the cross.
Christians are mistaken in mixing up these two contexts.
Because of this, they end up confused and have to face
many complications. The verse in chapter 16 of Matthew is,
therefore, a very important piece of evidence in support of
Jesus' escape from the cross.
reached us, is also the following verse of Matthew:
And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven:
and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they
shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with
power and great glory. (Matthew 24:30)
Jesus says that a time will come when, from heaven, as a
result of divine intervention, such knowledge and evidence

I Jesus in India 43
will come to hand as will invalidate the doctrines of his

divinity, death on the cross, going up to heaven and coming
back again; and that heaven will bear witness against the
lies of those, for example the Jews, who denied his being a
true prophet, and condemned him as accursed on account
of his death on the cross. The fact that he did not suffer
death on the cross and was, therefore, not accursed would
be clearly established; that as a result all the nations of the
earth, who had exaggerated or detracted from his true
station, would become greatly ashamed of their error; that,
in the same age, when this fact would be disclosed, people
would see Jesus' spiritual descent to the earth. It means that
the Promised Messiah, who would come in the power and
spirit of Jesus, would appear with all the lustrous signs,
heavenly support, and power and glory which would be
easily recognised. When further explained, the verse means
that God's will has so made the person of Jesus and such are
the events of his life that they cause some people to
exaggerate, and others to downgrade his status. There are
those who have placed him above the category of human
beings, so much so that they say that he has not yet died
and is sitting alive in heaven. Then there are those who have
gone one better and say that, having died on the cross and
come back to life again, he has gone to heaven and become
invested with all the powers of divinity and that he is God
Himself. Then there are the Jews, who say that he was killed
on the cross and therefore (We take refuge with God for
this) he is accursed for all times to come; that he is doomed
to be the object of perpetual divine wrath; that God is
disgusted with him and looks upon him as his hated enemy;
that he is a liar, an impostor, an apostate, and a rank

1 44 Jesus in India
unbeliever and that he is not from God. (We again take

refuge with God for this). These exaggerations and
detractions were so unjust that it was but natural that God
Himself should exonerate His true prophet from these
charges. The verse of the Gospel quoted above also points to
this fact. The statement that all the nations of the earth
would mourn and lament suggests that all those people to
whom the term 'nation' applies would mourn on that day;
they would beat their breasts and cry, and great would be
their mourning. Christians had better study this verse a
little carefully and consider. When the verse prophesies that
all the nations would beat their breasts, how then is it
possible that Christians shall stay away from this
mourning? Are they not a nation? When, in accordance with
this verse, they are a part of those who shall beat their
breasts, why then are they not concerned about their
salvation? The verse clearly says that when the sign of the
Messiah appears in the heavens, all the nations inhabiting
the earth will mourn. Anyone who says that his people will
not mourn denies Jesus. Only those who are yet a small
minority cannot be the people hinted at in the prophecy, as
they are not yet numerous enough to be described as a
nation. These people are none but us. Ours is the only
community which is outside the sense and scope of this
prophecy, for this community has yet only a few adherents
to whom the term 'nation' cannot be applied. Jesus, on the
authority of divine revelation, says that when a particular
sign appears in the heavens all the people of the world who,
on account of their numbers, deserve to be described as a
nation will beat their breasts; there will be no exception but
those who are small in number and to whom the term

I Jesus in India 45
nation cannot apply. Neither Christians, nor Muslims, nor

Jews, nor any other denier, can keep out of the purview of
this prophecy. Our community alone is outside its scope for
God has only just sowed us like a seed. The word of a
prophet can never fail. The prophecy contains the
unmistakable hint that every nation inhabiting the world
will mourn. Now which of these people can claim to be
outside its scope? Jesus admits of no exception in this verse.
The group which has not yet attained the size of a nation is
in any case an exception, and that is our community. This
prophecy has been clearly fulfilled in this age, for the truth,
which has now been revealed regarding Jesus, is
undoubtedly the cause of mourning for all these nations,
because it has exposed the error of their thinking. The hue
and cry of Christians over the divinity of Jesus turns into
sighs of grief; the insistence of Muslims day in and day out
that Jesus has gone up to the skies alive, changes into
weeping and wailing; and as for the Jews, they stand to lose
everything.
Here it is necessary to mention that in the statement
contained in the said verse, namely, that at that time all the
nations of the earth would mourn and beat their breasts, the
word 'earth' means Bilaad-i-Shaam 17 with which these
three peoples are basically connected-Jews, because that is
their place of origin and their place of worship; Christians,
because Jesus appeared in that place, and the early
Christians lived there; Muslims, because they are the heirs
to the land to the Last Day. If the word 'earth' is taken to
embrace all countries, even then it presents no difficulty, for
17 Syria and its neighbouring areas. (Translator)

1 46 Jesus in India
when the truth is laid bare all deniers would be ashamed.

Among the testimonies that have reached us through the
Gospels, is this statement from the Gospel of Matthew:
And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints
which slept arose, and came out of the graves after his
(Jesus') resurrection and went into the holy city, and
appeared unto many. (Matthew 27:52)
There is not the slightest doubt that the story mentioned
in the Gospel that after the resurrection of Jesus the saints
came out of the graves and appeared alive to many, is not
based on any historical fact; for, had it been so, the
Judgment Day would have taken place in this very world,
and what had been kept secret as a test of faith and sincerity
would have been made manifest to all. Faith would not
have been faith, and, in the sight of every believer and
denier, the nature of the next world would have become an
evident and open fact, like the existence of the moon, the
sun, and the alternation of day and night. In that case, faith
would have no value, nor would it merit any reward.
If the people and past prophets of Israel whose number is
millions, had really been brought to life at the time of the
crucifixion and had in fact come back to the city alive, and if
this miracle, that hundred of thousands of saints and
prophets were all brought to life at the same time, were
really shown to prove the truth and divinity of Jesus, the
Jews would have had an excellent opportunity to inquire of
their prophets, saints, and other ancestors, whether Jesus
who claimed to be God was indeed God, or was he a liar!
One can easily imagine that they could not have missed this
welcome opportunity. They must have inquired about
Jesus, for the Jews were very keen to compare notes with

I Jesus in India 47
the dead if they could be restored to life. When, therefore,

hundreds of thousands of the dead were restored to life,
and flocked to the city in their thousands, how could the
Jews have let go such an opportunity? They must have
inquired, not from one or two, but from thousands; and
when the dead entered their respective houses there must
have been great commotion all over the place, for many
hundreds of thousands of them had been brought back to
life. In every house there must have been great excitement,
and everybody must have been questioning the dead as to
whether the man Jesus, who called himself the Messiah, was
really God. But because the Jews, after the testimony of the
dead, did not believe in Jesus, as we would expect them to
do, nor did their hearts soften, rather if anything, they
became confirmed in their hard-heartedness, it appears
more than probable that the dead did not speak a single
favourable word for him. They must have pronounced
straightaway that this man was making a false claim to
Godhood, and was lying against God. That was why the
Jews did not desist from mischief in spite of the fact that
hundreds of thousands of prophets and apostles had been
restored to life. Having 'killed' Jesus, they attempted to kill
all others. How can one believe that hundreds of thousands
of saints who, right from the time of Adam up to the time of
John the Baptist, had been resting in their graves in the holy
land, should all be brought back to life; that they should all
flock to the city to preach, and everyone of them should
stand up and testify before thousands of people that Jesus,
the Messiah, was really the Son of God-no, God Himself;
that he alone should be worshipped; that the people should
renounce their former beliefs, otherwise, they would go to

1 48 Jesus in India
hell, which these saints had witnessed for themselves! Yet,

notwithstanding such excellent evidence and such
eyewitness accounts which proceeded from the mouths of
hundreds of thousands of dead saints, the Jews should not
desist from their denial! I personally am not prepared to
believe this. Therefore, if hundreds of thousands of saints,
prophets and apostles, etc., who were dead, had really come
to life and had visited the city to give evidence, they must
undoubtedly have given unfavourable evidence; they could
never have borne witness to the divinity of Jesus. Perhaps
this is the reason why the Jews became more firmly
entrenched in their disbelief after listening to the evidence
of the dead. Jesus wanted them to believe in his divinity,
but they, because of this evidence, denied that he was even
a prophet.
In short, such beliefs have a highly deleterious and
unhealthy effect, namely, to say that hundreds of thousands
of dead persons, or any dead person before that time, had
been brought back to life by Jesus; for the restoration to life
of the dead did not serve any useful purpose. A person who
has visited a far-off country and comes back to his
hometown after several years of absence is naturally keen to
tell the people of his strange experiences, and to relate to
them the wonderful stories of the land he has visited. He
will not keep mum or remain tongue-tied when he meets
his people after a long period of separation. No, at such a
time, others also are keen to listen to him and question him
about the far off places; and if perchance, there comes to
these people some poor and lowly person, humble in
appearance, who yet claims to be the king of the country of
which the principal town has already been visited by these

I Jesus in India 49
people and who says that he is superior in his kingly rank

even to this and that king, the people are always wont to
question such itinerants whether the man, going about in
their country, is really the king of that land; to which
question these travellers reply to the best of their
knowledge. This being so, the bringing of the dead to life by
Jesus would have been, as I have stated before, worth
believing in, if the evidence on which the dead must have
been questioned, which was but natural, had led to some
useful result. However, this was not at all the case.
Therefore, along with the supposition that the dead were
brought back to life, one is compelled to suppose that the
dead did not give evidence favourable to Jesus which could
lead one to believe in his truth. They rather gave evidence
which added to the already existing confusion. Would that
instead of human beings, some animal had been restored to
life! Perhaps the idea was to preserve secrecy. For example,
if it had been said that Jesus had brought back to life several
thousand bullocks, it would have been 'reasonable' enough,
and, if the question was asked as to what the evidence of
these dead animals had led to, the answer would have been
easy: how could the mute bullocks testify one way or the
other? The dead, however, whom Jesus brought back to life,
were human beings. Suppose some of the Hindus were
asked if ten or twenty of their dead ancestors were restored
to life and brought back to this world and were asked to
state which religion was the true religion, would they still
have any doubt about the truth of that religion? They would
never say No. Therefore, take it for a certainty that there is
no man in the whole world who would persist in his
disbelief and denial after such a disclosure. What a pity that

1 so Jesus in India
in inventing such stories, the Sikhs of our country have

fared better than the Christians. The Sikhs have given proof
of their astuteness in the art of inventing stories; for they
state that their Guru, Bawa Nanak, once restored a dead
elephant to life. This 'miracle' is not open to the above
objection, for the Sikhs can say: the elephant had no tongue
to bear witness for or against Bawa Nanak. In short, the
common people, endowed with little intellect, are pleased
with such 'miracles', but the wise are embarrassed by the
objections raised by others and are put to shame when such
silly stories are related. Now, as I bear the same feelings of
love and sincerity towards Jesus as do the Christians; rather,
I have a stronger attachment to him, for Christians do not
know the man whom they praise, but I know him whom I
praise, for I have as good as seen him. Therefore, I now
proceed to unveil the real nature of the reports contained in
the Gospels that at the time of the crucifixion all dead saints
had come back to life and returned to the city.
Let it, therefore, be clearly understood that accounts like
these are of the nature of Kashf or visions that were seen by
some holy men after the crucifixion, in which they saw that
the dead saints had been brought back to life and graced the
city where they met the people. Just as dreams mentioned in
divine scriptures are interpreted, for instance, Joseph's
dream, this vision too had an interpretation of its own. The
interpretation was that Jesus had not died on the cross and
that God had rescued him. If the question is asked as to the
rationale behind this interpretation, the answer is that
experts in the art of interpretation testify to its validity and
have borne witness to it on the basis of their experience. I
quote below from T' atirul-Anaam, a time honoured

I Jesus in India 51
authority on the art of interpretation of dreams:

~1 J .:r ~ -uli r"JJ:. Jl 1...,-.J J r"J.r.t .:r ,_,h .;)1 i:if ~TJ .:r
(T'atirul-Anaam fi T'abiril-Manaam by Qutb-uz-Zaman
Sheikh Abdul Ghani Al-Naablisi, page 289).
This means that if someone has a dream or a vision that
the dead have come out of their graves and have made for
their homes, the interpretation is that a prisoner would be
released from bondage, and that he would be rescued from
the hands of his persecutors. The context shows that this
prisoner would be a great and prominent personage. Now,
it should be noted how appropriately this interpretation
applies to Jesus. One can readily understand that the vision
about the dead saints coming to life and returning to the
city was meant to inform those with insight that Jesus
would be saved from death on the cross.
Likewise, the Gospels at a number of places clearly point
out that Jesus did not die on the cross and that he escaped
and migrated to another land. I think what I have said so far
should suffice for the fair minded to understand the true
position. It is possible that objections may arise in some
minds that the Gospels also repeatedly point out that Jesus
died on the cross, and that after resurrection he rose to
heaven. This kind of objection I have already briefly
answered, but I might as well repeat that after the
crucifixion, Jesus met the disciples; he travelled up to
Galilee; ate bread and meat; displayed the wounds on his
body; stayed a night with the disciples at Emmaus; escaped
secretly from Pilate's jurisdiction; emigrated from that
place, as was the practice of prophets; and travelled under
the shadow of fear. All these facts prove that he did not die

1 s2 Jesus in India
on the cross; that he retained his bodily functions intact; and

that he had undergone no visible change.
Furthermore, the Gospels do not contain any eyewitness
account of Jesus' ascent to heaven.* Had there been such an
account, it would have lacked credibility, for making
mountains out of molehills and magnifying small things
into big ones, seems to be a habit with the evangelists. For
example, if one of them happens to remark that Jesus is the
Son of God, another sets about making him into a full-
fledged God, the third invests him with power over the
whole universe, and the fourth bluntly says that he is
everything, and that there is no other God besides him. In
short, exaggerations carry them too far. The vision in which
the dead were seen to come out of their graves and make for
the city is a case in point. One can notice that this vision had
been given a literal interpretation, so far as to say that the
dead had actually risen out of their graves, had come to the
city of Jerusalem, and even visited their relatives. Consider
how a mountain has been made out of a molehill, resulting
in a veritable range! How can one arrive at the truth when
things are so exaggerated! It is also worth considering that
the Gospels, the so-called Books of God, contain
preposterous claims, such as that if all the works of Jesus
had been committed to writing, there wouldn't be room
enough in the whole world to accommodate them! 18 Can
such exaggeration be the way of honesty and truth? If
indeed works of Jesus were so limitless and exceeded all
• No one testifies that he is an eyewitness and that he saw for himself

Jesus' bodily ascent to the heavens. (Author)
1s John 21:25 (Translator)

I Jesus in India 53
boundaries, how could they have been compressed into a

meager period of three years? Another difficulty about
these Gospels is that the references they give of earlier
books are mostly wrong; they could not even give Jesus'
genealogy correctly. From the Gospels, it appears that the
evangelists were rather naive to the extent that they mistook
Jesus for a ghost. From the earliest times these Gospels have
been open to the charge that they have not been able to
preserve the purity of their texts, particularly when there
were other books too which were compiled as Gospels.
There is no earthly reason why all the statements of those
books should be rejected, and why all that is contained in
the Gospels, generally so-called, should be admitted as true.
We do not think that the other Gospels could contain such
unfounded exaggerations as are to be found in the present
four Gospels. It is surprising that while on the one hand,
they say that Jesus was a righteous person and that his
character was without blemish, on the other hand, charges
are brought against him as are unworthy of a righteous
person. For example, the Israelite prophets, in accordance
with the teaching of the Torah, undoubtedly had hundreds
of wives each at a time in order that they might thereby
produce a whole generation of righteous people. But you
will never have heard that any prophet had ever set such an
example of permissiveness that he should allow a wanton
and lascivious woman, a noted sinner of the city, to touch
his body with her hands, to let her rub oil-her sin's
earnings-on his head and to stroke his feet with her hair;
that he allowed all this to be done by an unchaste young
woman, and didn't so much as tell her to stop it. One is
saved from giving way to suspicion, which naturally arises

1 54 Jesus in India
on seeing such a spectacle, only by an implicit trust in the

goodness of Jesus. Nevertheless, the example is hardly
worthy of being followed. In short, these Gospels are full of
material which shows that they have not preserved their
original form, or that their writers were other than the
disciples. For example, can the statement: And this is well
11
known among the Jews till today" 1 9 be properly ascribed to

Matthew? Does it not show that the writer of the Gospel
was some person other than Matthew, who lived at a time
when Matthew had already died? Then, the same Gospel of
Matthew says:
And they were assembled with the elders, and had taken
counsel, they gave large money unto the soldiers, Saying,
'Say ye, his disciples came by night and stole him away
while we slept. (Matthew 28:12-13)
It would be noticed how childish and meaningless such
statements are. If it means that the Jews wanted to conceal
the rising of Jesus from the dead, and had bribed the
soldiers so that this great miracle should not become
generally known, why was it that Jesus, whose duty it was
to proclaim this miracle among the Jews, kept it a secret and
forbade even others to disclose it? If it is urged that he was
afraid of being caught, I would say, that when the decree of
God had descended upon him once and for all, and he had,
after suffering death, come to life again, assuming a
spiritual body, what fear did he now have of the Jews?
Surely, the Jews now had no power over him; he was now
beyond and above mortal existence? One observes with
regret that while, on the one hand, it is said that he was
19 Matthew 28:15 (Translator)

I Jesus in India 55
made to live again and assume a spiritual body, that he met

the disciples and went to Galilee and thence went to
heaven, he was nevertheless afraid of the Jews over quite
trivial things and, in spite of his glorious body, he fled
secretly from the country, lest the Jews should discover him;
he made a journey of 70 koses to Galilee in order to save his
life and time and again asked the people not to mention this
to others. Are these the signs and ways of a glorious body?
No, the truth is that his body was neither new nor glorious,
it was the same body with wounds on it, which had been
saved from death; and as there was still the fear of the Jews,
Jesus took all the necessary precautions and left the country.
Anything to the contrary would be senseless and absurd, as
that the Jews had bribed the soldiers to make them say that
the disciples had stolen the corpse while they (the soldiers)
were asleep. If the soldiers were asleep, they could very
well have been asked how on earth they came to know in
their sleep that the corpse of Jesus had been stolen away.
From the mere fact of Jesus not being in the sepulchre, can a
sensible person conclude that he had gone up to heaven?
May there not be other causes as a result of which tombs
might be found empty? At the time of going up to heaven, it
was up to Jesus to meet a few hundred Jews, and also Pilate.
Who was he afraid of in his glorious body? He did not care
to furnish his opponents with the slightest proof. On the
contrary, he took fright and fled to Galilee. That is why we
positively believe that though it is true that he left the
sepulchre, which was a chamber with an opening, and
though it is true that he secretly met the disciples, yet it is
not true that he was given any new and glorious body. It
was the same body, and the same wounds, and there was

1 ss Jesus in India
the same fear in his heart lest the accursed Jews should
arrest him again. Just study closely Matthew 28:7-10. These
verses clearly say that the women who were told by
someone that Jesus was alive and was going to Galilee, and
who were also quietly told that they should inform the
disciples, were no doubt pleased to hear this, but they
departed with hearts full of fear. They were still afraid lest
Jesus might still be caught by some wicked Jew. Verse 9
says, that while these women were on their way to inform
the disciples, Jesus met and greeted them. Verse 10 says that
Jesus told them not to be afraid of his being caught. He
asked them to inform his brethren that they should all go to
Galilee;* that they would see him there, i.e., he could not
stay there for fear of the enemy. In short, if Jesus had really
come to life after his death and had assumed a glorious
body, it was up to him to furnish proof of this new kind of
existence to the Jews. But we know that he did not do this. It
is absurd, therefore, to accuse the Jews of trying to suppress
the proof of Jesus' coming to life again. Nor for that matter
did Jesus give the slightest proof of his restoration to life;
rather, by his secret flight, by the fact of his taking food, and
sleep, and showing his wounds, he himself proved that he
did not die on the cross.
• Here, Jesus did not console the women with the words that he had risen
with a new and glorious body and that no one could now lay his hands
upon him. Instead, seeing the women weak and frail he consoled them
casually, as men are wont to console women. In short, he gave no proof
of the glorious body; rather, he exhibited his flesh and bones and thus
demonstrated that his was an ordinary mortal body. (Author)

Chapter Two
Containing Evidence from the Holy Quran and
Authentic Ahadith which relates to Jesus being
Saved from the Cross
The arguments which I am now going to set down might

seem to all intents and purposes of little use to the
Christians, because they are not bound by what the Holy
Quran and the Hadith have to say on the subject. But I still
mention them because I wish to inform the Christians of a
miracle of the Holy Quran and the Holy Prophetsa; I want
them to know that the truths which have now been
discovered after hundreds of years have already been
disclosed by our Holy Prophetsa and the Holy Quran. I am
now going to mention some of them. God says in the Holy
Quran:
r+• ..''!i~~r11 •'~1~-~ ,<,;';1;~r,.,,
~.~.,....1oy···~~,J;.,~.
',~~fr 20
0
~.,~_.,....,\,,Q.,
It means the Jews neither murdered Jesus, nor did they
kill him on the cross; they were merely labouring under the
misconception that Jesus had died on the cross; they did not
have evidence enough to convince and satisfy them that
Jesus had really died on the cross.
In these verses God Almighty says that though it is true
that Jesus was apparently placed on the cross, and that the
intention was to kill him; yet it was wrong for the Jews and
Christians to suppose that Jesus actually died on the cross.
57

1 ss Jesus in India
What happened was that God caused things to happen

which saved Jesus from death on the cross. Justice demands
that we acknowledge the truth of what the Holy Quran has
said, as opposed to the Jewish and Christian beliefs. Highly
qualified modern researchers have proved that Jesus had
actually been saved from death on the cross. A study of the
records shows that the Jews have never been able to answer
the question as to how Jesus died within two or three hours
of being put on the cross even when his bones had not been
broken? This has led the Jews to invent another plea: that
they killed Jesus by the sword, but the ancient history of the
Jews does not show that Jesus was killed by the sword. In
order to save Jesus, divine power and majesty intervened
and caused darkness to prevail, which was followed by an
earthquake. Pilate's wife saw a dream. The Sabbath night
during which it was illegal to let a crucified body remain on
the cross was drawing close. The magistrate, because of the
terrible dream, became disposed towards the release of
Jesus. All this was simultaneously brought about by God to
save Jesus, and Jesus himself was made to go into a swoon
so that he might be taken for dead. Through terrible signs
like the earthquake, the Jews panicked and became fearful
of heavenly punishment. They were also afraid lest the
corpses should remain on their crosses during the night of
Sabbath. They thought that Jesus was dead when, in fact, he
was in a coma. It was dark and there was an earthquake and
great turmoil. They also became anxious about their homes
and what their children must be passing through in the
darkness and the earthquake. There was terror in their
hearts that if this man was a liar and an apostate, as they
thought he was, why were mighty signs manifested at the

I Jesus in India 59
moment of his suffering, signs which had not been

manifested before? They were so upset that they were no
longer in a position to find out for themselves whether Jesus
had really died, or what exactly his condition was? What
had come about, however, was a Divine design to save
Jesus, to which the verse ~~J; that is, 'the Jews did not kill
Jesus; but it was God who made them believe that they had killed
him,' refers. It is these circumstances which encourage the
righteous to place great trust in God, and to believe that
God can save His servants as He pleases.
The Holy Quran also says concerning the Messiah, son of
Mary:
This means that not only will Jesus have honour and
eminence, and enjoy greatness in the people's eyes in this
world, but also in the hereafter. It is evident that Jesus was
not honoured in the land of Herod and Pilate. On the
contrary, he suffered great disgrace and insult. That he
would be honoured during his second coming to this earth
is a groundless delusion, which is diametrically opposed to
the Scriptures and God's eternal law of nature. The truth is
that Jesus, having escaped from those accursed people,
graced the land of the Punjab with his presence, where he
met the ten lost tribes of Israel and God blessed him with
great honour and eminence. It seems that most of them had
adopted Buddhism and some had degenerated into idolatry
of a very low kind. But with the coming here of Jesus, most
of them returned to the right path, and since the teaching of

1 so Jesus in India
Jesus contained the exhortation to believe in the coming of

another prophet, all the ten tribes who came to be known in
this land as Afghans and Kashmiris ultimately became
Muslims. Jesus was accorded great esteem and respect in
this land. Recently a coin has been discovered in the Punjab,
which bears the name of Jesus in Pali characters. This coin
goes back to the time of Jesus, and it clearly shows that he
came to this land and was given royal reception, and the
coin must have been issued by a king who had become his
follower. Another coin displays the figure of an Israelite
male. It appears that this too is the figure of Jesus. The Holy
Quran also contains a verse which says that Jesus was
blessed by God wherever he went. 22 And these coins show
that he received great blessings from God, and that he did
not die until he was honoured like a king.
Elsewhere the Holy Quran says:
23
1•)~!.--·-~1 ...
' i:":,H.}-1-=>,
-:.,~Ab{"
.,;;.i ii' '
Meaning that, 'O Jesus! I shall clear thee of these charges;

I shall prove thy innocence and shall clear thee of all
accusations levelled against thee by the Jews and the
Christians.' This was indeed a great prophecy. The Jews
alleged that Jesus, having been crucified, became accursed
(God forbid), and thus forfeited the love of God, that Jesus'
heart, as the word 'curse' applies, was estranged and
alienated from God, that his heart became enveloped in a
thick veil of darkness, came to love evil and hate virtue,
broke away from God and was brought under the sway of
22 a(::; .::,,j ~~ ~ ~ - 19: 32 (Translator)


I Jesus in India 61
the Satan and that there was real animosity between him
and God! The same charge of his being accursed, was
brought by Christians too, who have so naively tried to
combine two contradictory views. On the one hand, they
say that Jesus was the Son of God, and on the other, they
call him accursed. What is more, they admit that one who is
accursed is the son of Darkness and of the Devil, rather he is
the Devil himself. So, these were the foul charges brought
against Jesus. The prophecy of the Holy Quran, however,
points out that a time would come when God would clear
Jesus of these charges and this indeed is the time when this
was to happen.
The testimony of the Holy Prophetsa has no doubt
established the innocence of Jesus in the eyes of thoughtful
people, for the Holy Prophetsa and the Holy Quran have
both testified that the charges brought against Jesus are all
unfounded. But this evidence was too subtle and difficult
for the common man to understand. Divine justice,
therefore, required that just as the crucifixion of Jesus was a
known, objective and tangible event, so should his
innocence and exoneration be demonstrated objectively.
And this is what has actually come to pass. The innocence of
Jesus has not only been proved a priori but also a posteriori.
For hundreds of thousands of people have, with their own
eyes, seen that the tomb of Jesus lies in Srinagar, 24 Kashmir.
As Jesus was crucified at Golgotha or the site of the Skull,
his tomb too has been found at the site of the Skull i.e.
24 The word 'Srinagar' comprises two Hindi words, 'siri' (skull) and
'nagar' (place), meaning 'Place of Skull'. The place where Jesus was put
on the cross, was also called 'Place of Skull'. See Matthew 27:33, Mark
15:22, Luke 23:33, John 19:17. (Translator)

1 s2 Jesus in India
Srinagar. That the word Sri (Skull) should occur in the

names of both the places is a strange coincidence indeed.
The place where Jesus was crucified was called Gilgit
(Golgotha) or Sri (Skull), and the place where in the latter
part of the nineteenth century, the tomb of Jesus has been
discovered is also called Gilgit, or Sri. It appears that the
place called Gilgit, Kashmir, also suggests the term Sri. This
town was probably founded in the time of Jesus, and as a
local memorial to the crucifixion, it was named Gilgit, or Sri;
similarly Lhasa, which means the 'city of one worthy of
worship'; is of Hebrew origin, and Lhasa too was founded
in the time of Jesus.
Reliable reports in the Ahadith show that the Holy
Prophetsa said that Jesus lived to an advanced age of 125.
Besides, all the sects of Islam believe that Jesus had two
unique characteristics as are not to be found in any other
prophet:
i. He lived to the ripe old age of 125 years.
ii. He extensively travelled in many parts of the world and
was therefore called the 'travelling prophet'.
It is evident that had he been raised to the skies at 33, the
report that he lived for 125 years could not be true, nor
could he have managed to travel so widely when he was a
mere 33. Not only is this report found in the old and reliable
collections of Ahadith, it is not possible to think of a report
which is more widely known and so consistently accepted
among all the sects of Islam.
Kanz-ul-Ummal, which is a comprehensive collection of
Ahadith, contains this Hadith, in volume 2 page 34, from Abu
Hurairarz:

I Jesus in India 63
God revealed to Jesus thus: 'O Jesus! Keep on moving from

one place to another', go from one country to another lest
thou shouldst be recognised and persecuted.
Again, in the same Book (volume 2 page 71) Jaabirrz
reports:
26 c:.1_;)1 s,.L. y _A J s,.I~\ .).ii JS"'I .s---1 \~IJ ~ t,tr c.:,il ~ wts'
Jesus continuously travelled from one country to another,
wherever he happened to be at nightfall, he would partake of
the vegetables of the jungle and drink fresh water.
And in the same book (volume 6 page 51) Abdullah bin
Umarrz reports:
i:.i~ J r-fi..li wJfi .:r-.UI Jli s,.lj_;.)1 ~ <SI jJ s,.lj_;.)1 Ji1 JI~ ...-,I Jli
27 ~r IY-1~ JI
The Holy Prophetsa said: 'The people most favoured in the
sight of God are the Ghareeb.' When asked, what was meant
by the term Ghareeb, he replied 'They are the people who,
like Jesus, the Messiah, have to flee from their country to
save their faith?'
2s See JW~I J J~~\ J JJ~I y~\ iij,o,,<bl ..Jr ,:;- ..!.JWI y\:6:l\ JL..,J\ JS'
o~oo ~.LL-1 ~J - ~WI Jy:- J.,ai- O.)~\ [Translator]
The word YA is a misprint. It should be y ~- (See y\:6:li JL..,Ji :jS'
26
~ ~ I j.,ai- t.)~\ JW~I J J~~\ J JJ~I y~I - iij,o,,<bl ..Jr ,:;- ..!..l\!11
'\Ao'I' ~.LL-1 ~J - o}~ll J 4~1 t_lfl) [Translator]
27 See .:µ)I J ~.,JI cJ j.,.ai - JW~I i-.J ,:;-
.:,tA)I yl.:S'" JL..,Ji -)S' printed at
Daira-tul-Maarif Al-Nizamia Press, Hyderabad, India, 1313 Hijra.
[Translator]

Chapter Three
Evidence from Medical Literature
We have come across a piece of highly valuable evidence

concerning the escape of Jesus from the cross, whose
authenticity one just can't help admitting. It is a medical
preparation known as Marham-i-Isa or the 'Ointment of
Jesus' and is found recorded in hundreds of medical books.
Some of these books were compiled by Christians, some by
Magians or even Jews, and some by Muslims. Most of them
are old classics. Investigations show that in the beginning,
based on oral tradition, the preparation came to be known
by hundreds of thousands of people. Later it was duly
recorded. In the days of Jesus, shortly after the crucifixion, a
pharmacopoeia was compiled in Latin, which recorded this
prescription and testified that it had been prepared for the
treatment of the wounds of Jesus. Later, this work was
translated into several other languages, until, in the time of
Mamun-al-Rashid, it was translated into Arabic. Strange are
the ways of divine providence, eminent physicians of all
religions, Christians, Jews, Magians and Muslims, have all
recorded this preparation in their books, and have admitted
that it was prepared for Jesus by the disciples. A study of
different pharmacopoeias shows that this preparation is
very useful in injuries sustained by blows or falls; it
immediately arrests the flow of blood, and, as it contains
'myrrh', the wound remains aseptic. The ointment is also
useful in plague; it is good for boils and ulcers of all kinds.
65

1 66 Jesus in India
It is, however, not clear whether the ointment was prepared

by Jesus himself after he had undergone the trauma of the
cross, as a result of divine revelation, or that it was prepared
after consultation with some physician. Some of its
ingredients are specifics, especially 'myrrh' which is
mentioned also in the Torah. In any case, the wounds of
Jesus healed up in a few days by the use of this ointment.
Within three days he recovered sufficiently to be able to
march 70 Koses on foot from Jerusalem to Galilee. Hence,
regarding the efficacy of this preparation, it is enough to say
that while Jesus healed others, this preparation healed
Jesus! The books which record this fact number more than
one thousand. It would take long to mention them all.
Moreover, as the prescription is a famous one among the
physicians practising Greek medicine, I need not mention
the titles of all these books; but I shall set down below the
names of a few which are available here.
List of books containing a mention of Marham-i-Isa. and a
statement that the ointment was preparedforJesus" wounds
o Qaanun by Sheikh-ul-Rais Bu Ali Sina, Vol.III, page 133.
o Sharah Al-Qaanun by Allama Qutb-ud-Din Shiraazi,
Val.III.
o Kaamil-us-Sana'ah by Ali Bin-al-Abbas Al- Majoosi,
Vol.11, page 602.
o Majmu'ah Al-Baqaa'i by Mahmud Muhammad Ismail,
Mukhatib of Khaqan , known as father of Muhammad
Baqaa Khan, Vol.11, page 497.
o Tazkirah ul-ul-Albaab, by Sheikh Daud Al-Zareer Al-
Antaaki, page 303.
o Qaraabadin-i-Rumi, compiled about the time of Jesus

I Jesus in India 67
and translated in the reign of Maamun al-Rasheed into

Arabic-Skin Diseases.
o Umdat-ul-Muhtaaj by Ahmad Bin Hasan al-Rasheedi al-
Hakeem. In this book, Marham-i-Isa, and other
preparations have been noted from a hundred, perhaps
more than a hundred books, all these books being in
French.
o Qaraabadeen, in Persian, by Hakeem Muhammad Akbar
Arzaani- Skin Diseases.
o Shifa-ul-Asqaam, vol.11, page 230.
o Mir'at-ush-Shifaa, by Hakeem Nathu Shah (manuscript)
-Skin Diseases.
o Zakhira-i-Khawarzam Shaahi-Skin Diseases.
o Sharah Qaanun Gilaani, Vol.111.
o Sharah Qaanun Qarshi, Vol.111.
o Qaraabaadeen by Alwi Khan-Skin Diseases.
o Ilaaj-ul-Amraadh by Hakeem Muhammad Sharif Khan,
page 893.
o Qaraabaadeen, Greek-Skin Diseases.
o Tuhfat-ul-Mo'mineen, on the margin of Makhzan-ul-
Adwiyah, page 713.
o Muheet fi-Tibb, page 367.
o Ikseer-i-A'azam, Vol. IV, by Hakeem Muhammad
A'azam Khan, alias Naazim-i-Jahan, page 331.
o Qaraabaadeen Ma'sumi-ul-Masum bin Karim-ud-Din Al-
Shustri Shiraazi.
o Ujaala-i-Naafiah by Muhammad Sharif Dehlavi, page
410.
o Tibb-i-Shibri, otherwise known as Lawami Shibriyyah
by Syed Hussain Shibr Kaazimi, page 471.

1 ss Jesus in India
o Makhzan-i-Sulaimaani, translation of Iksir-i-Arabi, page

599, by Muhammad Shams-ud-Din of Bahawalpur.
o Shifaa-ul-Amraadh, translated by Maulana Al-Hakim
Muhammad Noor Karim, 282.
o Al-Tibb Dara Shaukohi, by Nur-ud-Din Muhammad
Abdul Hakeem, Ain-ul-Mulk Al-Shiraazi, page 360
o Minhaaj-ud-Dukaan bi-Dastoor-ul-Aayaan fi A'amaal
wa Tarkib al-Naafiah lil-Abdaan by Aflaatoon-i-
Zamaanah and Rais-i-Awaanah Abul-Minaa Ibn Abi
Nasr-il-Attaar Al-Israeli AI-Harooni (i.e., Jew), page 86.
o Zubdat-ul-Tibb, by Syed-ul-Imam Abu Ibrahim Ismail
bin Hasanul-Hussaini AI-Jurjaani, page 182.
o Tibb-i-Akbar by Muhammad Akbar Arzaani, page 242.
o Mizaan-ul-Tibb by Muhammad Akbar Arzani, page 152.
o Sadidi by Rais-ul-Mutakallimeen Imam-ul
Mohaqqiqeen Al-Sadidul-Kaazrooni, Vol.11, page 283.
o Haadi Kabir, by Ibn-i-Zakariyaa-Skin Diseases.
o Qaraabaadeen by Ibn-i-Tilmeez-Skin Diseases.
o Qaraabaadeen by lbn-i-Abi Saadiq-Skin Diseases.
These are only token names. Scientists, especially

physicians, know it well that earlier on, under Muslim rule,
most of these books were used as text books at important
centers of learning, where scholars from as far as Europe
came to study. It is a fact, and there is not the slightest
exaggeration about it, that in every century there have been
millions of people who have been acquainted with these
books; hundreds of thousands have been studying them
intensively from end to end. We can assert with all the
emphasis at our command, that not a single person from
among the scholars of Europe and Asia has been ignorant of

I Jesus in India 69
the names of at least some of the books listed above. When

Hispania and Kasmonu and Satlirnem* were seats of
learning, Bu Ali Sina's (Avicenna's) Qaanun, a great medical
classic in which there is set out the prescription of Marham-
i-Isa and other books like Shifaa and Ishaaraat and
Bisharaat, on science, astronomy, and philosophy, were
eagerly studied by the Europeans. Likewise, the original
works of scholars like Abu Nasr Faaraabi, Abu Raihaan,
Israaeel, Thabit bin Qurrah and Hunain bin Is'haq, etc., and
their translations of Greek classics were also used as text
books. Translations of their works are still extant in Europe
today. As Muslim rulers were keen patrons of medicine,
they got good Greek works translated. Khilafat remained
vested for a long time in kings who happened to desire
expansion of knowledge more than the extension of their
dominions, that was why they not only had Greek books
translated into Arabic but also invited learned Pundits from
India, and got them to translate medical and other books,
rewarding them handsomely. One of the greatest debts that
seekers of true knowledge owe to them, therefore, is that
they got Latin and Greek medical classics translated into
Arabic, which contained a mention of the 'Ointment of
Jesus', and which displays and records, almost as an
epitaph, the fact that the ointment had been prepared for
the treatment of Jesus' injuries. When the scholars of Islamic
era, such as Thabit bin Qurrah and Hunain bin Is'haaq who,
apart from medicine, other natural sciences, philosophy,
etc., were also well versed in Greek, translated the
*Hispania or Andalusia; Kasmonu or Kastamonu; Satrilnem or Santarem.

(Author)

1 70 Jesus in India
Qaraabaadeen (Pharmacopoeia), which contains details

about Marham-i-Isa, they were wise enough to retain the
Greek term Shalikha, 2 B which means 'twelve', without
translating it into Arabic, as a reminder that the book was a
translation from Greek. That is why the term Shalikha still
figures out in almost all the books.
It is also worth noting that though old coins are very
useful in solving the great secrets of history, ancient books,
which have been known to millions of people throughout
the centuries, and have been taught as text books at
important seats of learning and are still being used, are a
thousand times more valuable than coins and inscriptions.
For, in the case of coins and inscriptions, the possibility of
fraud is always there. The classics which, ever since their
compilation, have been known to millions of people and
have been preserved and guarded by all nations and are still
being guarded, constitute a much more valuable piece of
evidence than coins and inscriptions. Can anyone possibly
name a coin or inscription which has attained such fame as
the Qaanun of Bu Ali Sina (Avicenna)? In short, Marham-i-
lsa-the ointment of Jesus-constitutes a very important
testimony for seekers after truth. If it is to be rejected, all
historical testimony would lose credibility. Although the
number of such books containing a mention of Marham-i-lsa
is about one thousand or even more, and these books and
their authors are known to millions, anyone who does not
28 According to Qaanun of Avicenna (Al-Qaanun Fi Al-Tibb by Abu Ali
lbn-e-Sina vol. 3 chapter 4 on ointments), the Ointment of Jesus has also

been known as Marham Dashlikha, Marham-ul-Hawariyyin, and Marham-ur-
Rusol, and contains twelve ingredients corresponding to the twelve
disciples. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 71
accept this obvious, clear and strong proof must be allergic

to all historical evidence. Can one ignore with impunity
such a strong piece of evidence and can one doubt such
incontrovertible testimony which has encompassed all
Europe and Asia and which is the result of the combined
testimony of famous Jewish, Christian, Magian and Muslim
philosophers?
Fair-minded scholars! hasten to accept this great
testimony. And listen, 0 Judges, this is too shining a proof
to be ignored. Is it not proper for us to seek light from this
Truth which is as bright as the sun?
The suggestion that Jesus might have sustained some
injuries before the Call or some time later during his
ministry, and not as the result of crucifixion, is nothing but
an absurd and meaningless tale. It is simply absurd to say
that his hands and feet might have been injured through
some other cause, that he might have fallen from a roof, and
the ointment might have been prepared for the treatment of
the injuries he had thus suffered. It is absurd because before
the Call there were no disciples and the ointment speaks of
the disciples. The term Shalikha, which is Greek for twelve,
is still there in these books. Before the Call, moreover, Jesus
was not considered important enough for the events of his
life to be recorded. His ministry lasted only three-and-a-half
years, and during this time no accident or injury, except for
the trauma of the cross, has been recorded. The onus of
proof lies with him who is under the impression that Jesus
sustained these injuries in some other way, for the event of
the cross, to which we have referred, is a proved and
established historical fact; neither the Jews nor the

1 72 Jesus in India
Christians deny it. The idea that Jesus received his injuries
through some other cause is also not supported by the
annals of any nation. To entertain such an idea means to
deviate deliberately from the path of truth. But the evidence
we have produced cannot be rejected with such
meaningless objections.
These manuscripts are in existence even today and for
my part, I too possess an antique hand-written manuscript
of Qaanun by Bu Ali Sina. Therefore, it would be highly
unfair, indeed it would amount to an outright murder of
truth to throw away so transparent a proof. Think it over
and over again, ponder deeply, these books are still
possessed by Jews, Magians, Christians, Arabs, Persians,
Greeks, Romans, Germans and the French. They are also to
be found in the ancient libraries of Europe and Asia. Is it
proper to turn away from a proof, whose luster dazzles
denial? If these books had been compiled only by Muslims,
and if they had been in the hands of the followers of Islam
alone, there might have been those who could have jumped
to the conclusion that Muslims had forged these facts and
recorded them in their books with a view to attacking the
Christian creed. But, in addition to the reasons which I shall
give shortly, this impression is baseless, because the
Muslims could never be guilty of a forgery of this kind; for,
like Christians, Muslims also believe that after the
crucifixion, Jesus ascended to heaven. Muslims, moreover,
do not believe that Jesus was ever put on the cross or that he
received any injuries as a result of crucifixion. How then
could they knowingly forge a statement contradicting their
own belief? Apart from this, Islam was not in existence at
the time when these books on medicine, in Latin and Greek,

I Jesus in India 73
were compiled and made current among hundreds of

thousands of people. These books contained the
prescription of the 'Ointment of Jesus' as well as the
explanation that this ointment was prepared for Jesus by his
disciples. In the context of religion, those people-Jews,
Christians, Muslims and Magians - were all opposed to one
another. Therefore, the fact that they have mentioned this
ointment in their books, regardless of their respective
beliefs, proves beyond any doubt that the preparation of the
ointment was too well known a fact to be denied by any
community or nation. True, until the coming of the
Promised Messiah, it did not occur to any of these people to
make use of the historical importance of this ointment
which was recorded in hundreds of books and was known
to millions of people of different nationalities. We have
nothing to say here except to acknowledge that God willed
it so, and it had been predestined by Him, that this sharp
and shining weapon and this crucial and decisive evidence
which was meant to destroy the creed of the cross would
come to light at the hands of the Promised Messiah. The
Holy Prophetsa had prophesied that the faith of the cross
shall neither decline nor shall its progress slow down until
the Promised Messiah appeared in this world. It was at his
hands that the 'breaking of the cross' was to be brought
about. The point which was meant to be underlined was
that in the time of the Promised Messiah, God would create
conditions which would lay bare the truth about the
crucifixion. The creed of the cross would come to an end
and complete its life span, not through war or violence, but
exclusively through heavenly causes, in the form of
scientific reason and argument. This indeed is the meaning

1 74 Jesus in India
of the Hadith reported in Bukhari and other authentic

collections of Ahadith. It was inevitable, therefore, that
heaven should withhold such incontrovertible proof and
conclusive evidence until the coming of the Promised
Messiah. And so has it come to pass. After the appearance
of the Promised One, eyes shall open and thinking people
shall begin to think, for the Messiah, the Promised One of
God has come; minds shall now be illuminated; hearts shall
begin to respond; pens shall come alive; people shall pick
up courage; the righteous shall now be given insight; and
every seeker shall be granted reason. For, whatever shines
in heaven must illuminate the earth. Blessed and fortunate
is he who has a share of this light. As the fruit ripens in
season, so does the light descend at its appointed time. No
one can make it descend before it descends of itself, nor can
anyone stop it when it does descend. Differences and
controversies are always there. In the end, however, truth
will prevail, for this is not the work of man; nor has the son
of man the power to do it. It is God who changes the
seasons, rotates time, and converts night into day and day
into night. He creates darkness but loves light. He lets even
Shirk-polytheistic beliefs-spread in the world, but He
loves Tauhid-His Unity. He likes His glory to be His and
no one else's. Ever since the birth of man, and until he
disappears from the world, the divine law has been that
God supports His Tauhid or Oneness. The object of all the
prophets sent by Him was to eradicate the worship of man
and of other creatures and to establish the worship of God
in the world. Their duty was to make 29 ~I ii ~l "i shine in
29 There is no God but Allah. [Translator]

I Jesus in India 75
the earth as it shines in heaven. The greatest of them,

therefore, is he who highlighted this formula with such
brilliance; who first exposed the impotence of false gods
and proved their insignificance on grounds of reason and
strength, and then, when he had proved everything, he left
as a symbol of his decisive victory the testament .ill1 -Ji ~i "i
30~1 ~_j ~ He did not pronounce .illl"li ~i "i as an
unproved assertion. No, he first proved it, and exposed the

errors of false belief and then inviting the attention of the
people declared, 'Look, there is no God besides Him who
has demolished all your might and shattered your pride.'
Thus it was that as the reminder of an established truth, he
taught the blessed Kalima:
~I ~_j ~.ill! -Ji ~l "i
30 There is no God but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

(Translator)

Chapter Four
Evidence found in Historical Records
Since this chapter contains different kinds of evidence, I

have, for the sake of clarity, divided it into various sections,
as follows:
Section One
Evidence from Islamic Literature concerning Jesus'
Journeys
On page 130-135 of Rauzat-us-Safaa, a well-known book of
history in the Persian language, we find an account which,
briefly translated, reads as follows:
Jesus was named the Messiah because he was a great
traveller. He wore a woolen scarf over his head, and a
woolen cloak on his person. Carrying a staff in his hand, he
used to wander from country to country and city to city. He
slept wherever the night found him. He ate vegetables of the
jungle, drank fresh water, and travelled on foot. His
companions, in one of his travels, once bought a horse for
him; he rode the horse one day, but as he could not make any
provision for feeding it, he returned it. Journeying from his
country, he arrived at Nasibain, which lay at a distance of
several hundred koses from his home. He was accompanied
by a few of his disciples whom he sent into the city to
preach. In the city, however, false and unfounded rumours
were current about Jesus and his mother. The governor of the
city, therefore, arrested the disciples and summoned Jesus.
Jesus miraculously healed some patients and showed some
other miracles. As a result, the king of the territory of
Nasibain, with all his armies and his people, became his
follower. The incident about the 'coming down of food'
mentioned in the Holy Quran took place during his travels.
77

JOURNEY CF JESUS
(PEACE BE □ N HIM)
Route
0 100 200 300 400 500 miles 0
25 35 40 45 56 60 70 75 80 85
I Jesus in India 79
This, in brief, is the report given in Rauzat-us-Safaa. The

author of the book, however, has also ascribed many an
absurd and irrational miracle to Jesus, which I regret to
leave aside, and keeping my account free from falsehood
and senseless exaggerations, I turn to the real point at issue
which leads to the conclusion that Jesus in the course of his
travels, had arrived at Nasibain. Nasibain is a place between
Mosul and Syria which, in English maps, has been shown as
Nasibus. If one travels from Syria towards Persia, one
would pass through Nasibain, which is at a distance of
nearly 450 koses 31 from Jerusalem. Mosul is nearly 48 miles
from Nasibain and 500 miles from Jerusalem. The frontier of
Persia lies at a distance of a mere 100 miles from Mosul.
This means that Nasibain is 150 miles from the frontier of
Persia. The eastern frontier of Persia touches the town of
Herat in Afghanistan. Herat lies on the western frontier of
Afghanistan in the direction of the Persian territory and is
about 900 miles from the western boundary of Persia. From
Herat up to the Khyber Pass, the distance measures about
500 miles. The map showing the route followed by Jesus is
given here. It shows the route taken by Jesus in his journey
to Kashmir. The object of his journey was to meet the
Israelites whom the king, Shalmaneser, had taken as
captives to Media.*
31 This is a misprint in the first edition. It should be 450 miles not koses.
(Translator)
• Note: There is a letter in the 14th section of the first chapter of the
history in Greek of the 'Creed of Eusebeus', translated by a Londoner,
Heinmer by name, in 1650 A.D., which shows that a king, Abgerus by
name, invited Jesus from the land beyond the Euphrates, to his court. The
letter sent by Abgerus to Jesus, and the reply to it, are full of fabrications
and exaggerations. This much, however, seems to be true, that the king
having been apprised of the cruelties of the Jews invited Jesus to his

1 so Jesus in India
It should be noticed that in the maps published by

Christians, Media is shown towards the south of the Sea of
Khizar (Azov), where today we find Persia. This means that
Media was at any rate a part of the land which today
constitutes Persia. The eastern frontier of Persia is adjacent
to Afghanistan; there the sea is towards the south and the
TurkishEmpire towards the west. If the report in the Rauzat-
us-Safaa is correct, it appears that, by travelling to Nasibain,
Jesus intended to go to Afghanistan through Persia, and to
invite to the Truth the lost tribes of Jews who had come to
be known as Afghans.* The word 'Afghan' appears to be of
Hebrew origin; it is a derivative which means 'brave'. It
appears that at the height of their victories, they adopted
this name for themselves.
In short, Jesus came to the Punjab after passing through
Afghanistan, with the ultimate intention of going to
Kashmir after exploring the Punjab and Hindustan. It
should be noted that Chitral and a strip of the Punjab
separate Kashmir from Afghanistan. If one travels from
Afghanistan to Kashmir, through the Punjab, one has to
journey over a distance of 80 koses or about 130 miles, and
via Chitral it would be 100 koses.3 2
Jesus, however, wisely took the route through
court to give him refuge. The king probably believed that he was a true
prophet. (Author)
• In the Torah there was a promise to the Jews, that if they believed in the
'last' prophet, they would, after passing through much suffering, have
their own sovereign kings and rulers. That promise was fulfilled by the
ten tribes of Israel adopting Islam. That is why there have been great
kings among Afghans as well as among Kashmiris. (Author)
s2 162 miles approximately. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 81
Afghanistan, so that the lost tribes of Israel, known as

Afghans, might profit from his presence. The eastern
frontier of Kashmir touches Tibet. From Kashmir, he could
easily go to Tibet. Having come to the Punjab, he had no
difficulty in wandering through the important places of
Hindustan before going to Kashmir or Tibet. It is, therefore,
quite possible, as some old historical records of this country
bear out, that Jesus may have been to Nepal, Benares, and
other places. He then must have gone to Kashmir through
Jammu or Rawalpindi. As he belonged to a cold country, it
is certain that he stayed in these parts only through the
winter, and, by the end of March or the beginning of April,
must have set out for Kashmir. As Kashmir resembles
Shaam, 33 he must have taken up permanent residence in
this land. It is also possible that he may have stayed for
some time in Afghanistan and it is not improbable that he
may even have married there. Since one of the tribes of
Afghans is known as Isa Khel,3 4 it would not be surprising if
they were descendants of Jesus. It is to be regretted,
however, that the history of Afghanistan is in a confused
state. It is, therefore, difficult to arrive at anything definite
by studying their tribal chronicles. There is no doubt,
however, that the Afghans are Israelites, like the Kashmiris.
Those who have taken a contrary view in their writings
have been misled in the extreme; they do not seem to have
studied the matter closely. The Afghans admit that they are
the descendants of Qais and that Qais belongs to the house
of Israel. It is, however, not necessary to elaborate the point
33 Syria and its neighbouring areas (Translator)

34 After the name of Jesus (Isa). (Translator)

1 s2 Jesus in India
here. I have already dealt with this question at length in one

of my books. Here, I am describing the journey of Jesus
through Nasibain, Afghanistan, the Punjab and on to
Kashmir and Tibet. It was on account of this long journey
that he was named 'the travelling prophet', or even 'the
leader of travellers.' A Muslim savant, Arif Billah Abi Bakr
Muhammad bin Muhammad lbn-ul-Walid Al-Fahri Al-Tar-
tooshi Al-Maaliki, who is renowned for his learning, states
about Jesus, on page 6 of his book Siraaj-ul-Muluk,
published by the Khairiyah Press of Egypt in 1306 A.H.:
~WI rl-1 J ~.al;JI l.l"iJ .c....lS"' J JI\ CJJ ~ ~i
Where is Isa, the Ruhullah, and the Kalimatullah, the leader
of the righteous, and chief of travellers?
This means that Jesus was dead, and that even a great
man like him had departed from this world. It should be
noted that this learned authority calls Jesus not merely 'a
traveller' but 'the chief of travellers'.
Likewise, on page 431 of Lisaan-ul-Arab it is stated:
.fa-.t "i i.J>}J1 J wL... c:,lS' ',J~ ~-~ ✓ J.i
Jesus was named 'Messiah', because he travelled about, and
did not stay at one place.
The same is recorded in Taajul-Urus Sharah Qaamus. Therein
it is also stated that the Messiah is one who has been blessed
with innate righteousness and piety, so much so that even
his touch is blessed and that God gave this name to Jesus
because He gives it to whomsoever He pleases. Opposed to
him is the so-called Messiah who is tainted with evil and
accursedness. He is innately evil and accursed. His very
touch results in evil, sinfulness, and imprecation. This name
was, therefore, given to Dajjal, the Antichrist and to all those

I Jesus in India 83
who are like him. The two names, Messiah the Traveller and
Messiah the Blessed, are not antagonistic to each other. One
does not invalidate the other. For, it is a divine practice that
God names a man in more than one way and all such names
rightly apply to him. In short, Jesus being a traveller has
been so well proved by Islamic history that if all the
references were copied from those books, I am afraid they
would run into a huge tome. What I have stated, therefore,
should suffice.
Section Two
Evidence from Buddhist Records
Let it be clear that Buddhist Scriptures have made
available to us various kinds of evidence, which, on the
whole, is enough to prove that Jesus must have visited the
Punjab, Kashmir, and other places. I have set down this
evidence, so that all impartial readers may first study it, and
then, by arranging it as a connected account in their minds,
arrive at the aforesaid conclusion on their own. Here is the
evidence. First: the titles given to the Buddha are similar to
the titles given to Jesus. Likewise, the events of the life of
Buddha resemble those of the life of Jesus. The reference
here, however, is to the Buddhism of the areas within the
boundaries of Tibet, like Leh, Lhasa, Gilgit and Hams, about
which it is proved that they were visited by Jesus. With
reference to the similarity of titles, it is enough to point out,
that if, for example, Jesus calls himself the Light in his
teachings, so has Gautama been called the Buddha in the
Buddhistic literature which in Sanskrit means 'Light'. If
Jesus has been called the Master in the Gospels, so has the

1 s4 Jesus in India
Buddha been called Saasta or the Master. If Jesus has been

called Blessed in the Gospels, so has the Buddha been
named Sugt-the Blessed. If Jesus has been called Prince, so
has the Buddha been called Prince. Jesus has also been
described in the Gospels as one who fulfils the object of his
coming, so has the Buddha been called in Buddhistic
Scriptures Siddhartha-one who fulfils the object of his
coming. Jesus has also been called by the Gospels the refuge
of the tired and the weary, so has the Buddha in Buddhistic
Scriptures been called Asam Sam-the refuge of the refuge-
less. Jesus has also been called by the Gospels King, though
he said that his was the kingdom of Heaven, so also has the
Buddha been called the King. The similarity of events
pertaining to both is also proved by events. Just as Jesus
was tempted by the Devil with the riches and kingdoms of
the world provided he made obeisance to him, so was
Buddha tempted when the Devil said to him that he would
give him the pomp and splendour of kings if he abandoned
the austerity of his living and returned home. But, just as
Jesus did not obey the Devil, so, it is recorded, the Buddha
too did not obey him. 35 See Buddhism by T. W. Rhys Davids
and Buddhism by Sir Monier Williams.*
This shows that the same titles which Jesus ascribes to
himself in the Gospels, have been ascribed to the Buddha in
Buddhistic Scriptures which were compiled much later; and
just as Jesus was tempted by the Devil, so do these books
claim that the Buddha was also tempted by the Devil;
35 See Appendix, extracts 1,2,3,4,5 (Translator)

* See Chinese Buddhism by Edkins, Buddha by Oldenberg translated by W.
Hoey; Life of Buddha translated by Rockhill. (Author)

I Jesus in India 85
rather, the account of the temptation of the Buddha, as

stated in these books, is even longer than the account of the
temptation of Jesus. It is recorded that when the Devil
offered him the temptation of wealth and kingly honour,
the Buddha felt inclined to return home. He, nevertheless,
did not succumb to the temptation. But the same Devil met
him again one night, bringing with him all his progeny, and
tried to frighten him by assuming frightfully grotesque
shapes. To the Buddha, these Devils appeared like snakes
which were emitting fire from their mouths. The snakes
began to throw poison and fire at him but the poison turned
into flowers and the fire formed a halo round the Buddha.
The Devil, not having succeeded so far, called upon
sixteen of his daughters, and asked them to reveal their
beauty to the Buddha who remained totally unmoved; and
the Devil was baulked in his designs. He adopted a variety
of other tricks, but was helpless against the steadfastness of
the Buddha, who continued to rise higher and higher to
different stages of spiritual eminence, and, after a long
night, that is, after severe and protracted trials, he overcame
his enemy, the Devil. The Light of True Knowledge dawned
upon him and, with the break of day, as soon as his trials
were over, he came to know all. The day this great battle
ended was the day of the birth of Buddhism. Gautama was
35 years old at the time when he was called the Buddha 36 or
the Light, and the Tree under which he was sitting at the
time came to be known as the Tree of Light. Now, if you
read the Gospels, you will find how closely the temptation
of the Buddha resembles the temptation of Jesus to the
ss See Appendix, extract 2. (Translator)

1 ss Jesus in India
extent that the Buddha's age at the time was nearly the
same as Jesus'. As it appears from Buddhist literature, the
Devil did not appear to the Buddha in a corporeal and
personified form. It was only a vision seen by the Buddha
and the talk of the Devil was a satanic inspiration. The
Devil, as he appeared to him, suggested to the Buddha that
he should abandon his course and follow him and that if he
did so, he would give him all the wealth of the world.
Likewise, Christian scholars believe that the Devil who
appeared to Jesus did not come to him in any corporeal
form, like a human being, before the very eyes of the Jews,
traversing the streets in his physical body and talking to
Jesus so as to be audible to those present. On the contrary,
the meeting was of the nature of a vision seen only by Jesus.
The talk too was a kind of inspiration. As is the Devil's old
wont, he put his evil intentions into Jesus' heart, which
Jesus did not accept, and, like the Buddha, rejected all the
Devil's temptations.
The question now arises as to why there was so much
resemblance between the Buddha and Jesus. The Aryas in
this connection say that Jesus, God forbid, became
acquainted with Buddhism in the course of his journeys in
India, and having acquired knowledge of the facts of
Buddha's life, incorporated them in the Gospel on return to
his native country; that Jesus composed his moral precepts
by plagiarizing the moral teaching of the Buddha, and that
just as the Buddha called himself the Light and Knowledge
and adopted other titles, so did Jesus assume all such titles,
so much so, that, even the long story of the Temptation of
the Buddha was appropriated by him. This, however, is no
more than a dishonest fabrication by the Aryas. It is quite

I Jesus in India 87
untrue that Jesus came to India before the event of the cross,
for he did not need to undertake such a journey at the time.
The need for it arose only after the Jews of Judea had
rejected him and, as far as they were concerned, crucified
him. He had, however, been saved by a subtle divine
intervention. Jesus felt that he had done his duty in
conveying the message to the Jews of that country, and that
they did not deserve compassion anymore. Then, on being
informed by God that the ten tribes of the Jews had
migrated towards India, Jesus set out for those regions. As
some of the Jews had accepted Buddhism, there was no
alternative for this true prophet but to turn his attention to
the followers of Buddhism. As the Buddhist priests of that
country were waiting for the 'Messiah Buddha' to appear,
they hailed Jesus as the Buddha considering all the signs
like his titles, his moral teachings like 'love thine enemy'
and 'do not resist evil,' and the Buddha's prophecy about
fair skin. It is also possible that some of the titles and
teachings and facts of Jesus' life may, consciously or
unconsciously, have at that time been ascribed to the
Buddha; for the early Indians never had any scruples about
recording history objectively. The events of Buddha's life
had not been recorded till the time of Jesus. Buddhist
priests, therefore, had ample room to ascribe to the Buddha
anything they wished. It is quite likely, therefore, that when
they came to know of the facts of Jesus' life and his moral
teaching, they mixed them up with many of their own
innovations and ascribed them to the Buddha.• Presently I
• We cannot deny that the Buddhistic faith, from ancient times, has
contained a large portion of moral teaching; but at the same time we

1 88 Jesus in India
shall prove that the part of the moral teaching of Buddhism

which resembles that of the Gospels, the titles like 'Light',
which are attributed to the Buddha as they are to Jesus, and
the Satanic temptations, are all details which were
incorporated into the Buddhistic literature only after Jesus'
visit to this country which took place after the crucifixion.
There is yet another resemblance between the Buddha
and Jesus. Buddhist chronicles show that the Buddha
during the temptation was fasting and that the fast lasted
for forty days. Readers of the Gospels know that Jesus also
observed a forty-day fast.
Anyone who is acquainted with the teachings of Buddha
and Jesus will also marvel at the close resemblance and
similarity between the moral teaching of the two. For
example, the Gospels say, do not resist evil, love your
enemy, live in poverty, and shun pride, falsehood and
greed; the same is the teaching of the Buddha. Rather the
Buddhistic teaching lays greater stress on it, so much so that
the killing even of ants and insects has been considered a
sin. The outstanding principle of Buddhism is sympathy for
the whole world, seeking the welfare of the whole of
humanity and of all the animals, and promotion of a spirit
of unity and mutual love. The same is the teaching of the
Gospels. Again, just as Jesus sent his disciples to different
countries, journeying to one himself, so was the case with
the Buddha. Buddhism by Sir Monier Williams 37 records that
maintain that that part which is merely the teaching of the Gospels-the
parables and other reproductions from the Bible -was undoubtedly
added to the Buddhistic books at the time Jesus was in this country.
(Author)
37 See Appendix, extract 2. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 89
the Buddha sent out his disciples to preach, addressing

them thus: 'Go forth and wander everywhere out of
compassion for the world and for the service of gods and
men. Go forth in different directions, go and preach total
abstinence, piety and celibacy.' He said that he too would
go and preach the same doctrine. Accordingly, the Buddha
went to Benares and worked a number of miracles in that
area. He delivered an impressive sermon on a hill just as
Jesus had delivered his sermon on the mount. Again, the
same book states that the Buddha preached mostly in
parables; he used to explain spiritual phenomena in
material terms.
Let it be remembered that this moral teaching and this
mode of preaching-talking in parables-was the method
of Jesus. This mode of preaching and this moral teaching,
combined with other circumstantial evidence, at once
suggest that all this was in imitation of Jesus. Jesus was here
in India where he preached extensively. The followers of the
Buddhist faith met him, and found him to be a holy and
blessed man. They recorded these things in their books and
even called him the Buddha, for it is part of human nature
to try to acquire a good thing wherever one can find it.
People try to record and remember any clever remark made
by anyone they meet. It is, therefore, quite likely that the
followers of the Buddhist Faith may have reproduced the
entire picture of the Gospels in their books, as, for example,
fasting for forty days both by Jesus and the Buddha; the
Satanic temptation faced by both; the birth of both being
without father; the moral teaching of both; each calling
himself the Light; each calling himself Master and his
companions disciples. Just as Matthew, chapter 10 verses 8

1 go Jesus in India
and 9, states: 'Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in

your purses,' so did the Buddha command his disciples.as
Just as the Gospels encourage celibacy, so does the teaching
of the Buddha. Just as there was an earthquake after Jesus
was put on the cross, so it is recorded, there was an
earthquake at the death of the Buddha.*39 All these points of
resemblance arise from the basic fact of Jesus' visit to India.
It was indeed a blessing for the followers of the Buddhist
faith that he stayed among them for quite some time and
they came to have a good knowledge of the facts of his life
and of his noble teaching. It was, therefore, inevitable that a
great part of his teaching and ceremonial rites should find
way into Buddhist records because Jesus was held in great
esteem by the Buddhists who had even pronounced him to
be the Buddha. That is why they recorded his sayings in
their books and ascribed them to Gautama Buddha.
Strangely enough, the Buddha, quite like Jesus, taught
his disciples in parables, especially the ones contained in the
Gospels. In one of these parables the Buddha says, "As the
peasant sows the seed but cannot say the grain shall swell
today or germinate tomorrow, so also is it with the disciple.
He can't tell if he will germinate well or will be like the
grain which is sown in rocky soil and dries up."
This, it will be noted, is the same parable which is still
there in the Gospels. The Buddha, again, employed the
parable: When a herd of deer prospers in a forest a man comes
who opens for them a false path which leads to their death,
• Buddhists also have a tradition similar to the Lord's Supper of the

Christians. (Author)
39 See Appendix, extract 1,2,3,4. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 91
that is to say he tries to lead them to a path which ultimately

ensnares them brings them to death. And another comes who
opens a safe path, that is to say he sows a field from which
they can eat and he brings to them a canal so that they may
drink thrive; such is the case with men who live in prosperity,
the devil comes and opens the eightfold path of evil, so that
they may perish. Then comes the Perfect Man and opens the
eightfold path of truth, certainty, and peace, so that they will
be saved.
The Buddha also taught that the righteousness is a safe
treasure which no one can steal. It is a treasure which
accompanies man even after death; it is a treasure which is
the source of all Knowledge and all Perfection.
It should also be noted that this exactly is the teaching of
the Gospels. It is also found in the ancient Buddhist books
which belong to the period which is not much different
from the time of Jesus; in fact it is the same period. Again,
on page 135 of the same book, Buddha is reported to have
said that he is so irreproachable that no one can point out a
single blot on his character. 40 This too has a close
resemblance to a saying of Jesus. Buddhism, on page 45,
states: "The moral teaching of the Buddha has a striking
resemblance with the Christian moral teaching."
I agree with this, and I also agree that both teachings tell
us: Love not the world nor wealth; do not hate your
enemies; do no evil; conquer evil with good; do to others as
you wish to be done by them. All this shows so striking a
resemblance between the Gospels and the teaching of the
Buddha that it is unnecessary to go into any more detail.

1 92 Jesus in India
Buddhistic records also show that Gautama Buddha

prophesied the coming of a second Buddha who would be
named Metteyya. This prophecy is contained in Laggavatti
Suttatta, 41 a Buddhist record to which reference is made on
page 142 of Oldenberg's book. The prophecy reads thus:
He will be the leader of a band of disciples numbering
hundreds of thousands, as I am now the leader of bands
of disciples, numbering hundreds. 42
It may be noticed here that the Hebrew word, Mashiha, is
the same as the Pali, Metteyya. It is a matter of common
knowledge that when a word is transferred from one
language to another, it very often undergoes a phonetic
change. An English word, too, when imported into another
language, undergoes change: for example, Max Muller, in a
list given on page 318 of Volume 11 of Sacred Books of the
East, says: the th of the English alphabet becomes s in
Persian or Arabic. Keeping these changes in view, one can
readily understand that the word Messiah became Metteyya
in the Pali language, which means that the future Metteyya
prophesied by the Buddha is in reality the Messiah and no
one else. This view is supported by the strong evidence of
Buddha's own prophecy that the Faith he had founded
would not endure in the world for more than five hundred
years; that at the time of the decline of the faith and its
teachings, the Metteyya would come to this land and re-
establish the faith and its teachings in the world. Now we
find that Jesus appeared five hundred years after the
41 According to Oldenberg it is spelled Cakkavatti Suttanta. See Appendix,

extract 5. (Translator)

I Jesus in India 93
Buddha, and that just as the Buddha had fixed the time
frame for the decline of his Faith, Buddhism did indeed
deteriorate into a state of decadence as foretold. It was then
that, having escaped from the cross, Jesus travelled to those
parts, where the Buddhists recognised him readily and
treated him with great reverence. There is no doubt that the
moral teaching and spiritual exercises taught by the Buddha
were resuscitated by Jesus. Christian historians admit that
the Sermon on the Mount as reported in the Gospels and the
rest of his moral teachings are the same as those preached to
the world by the Buddha five hundred years before. They
also state that the Buddha not only taught moral precepts,
he also taught other great truths. In their view, the title of
'the Light of Asia' applied to the Buddha is highly
appropriate. Now, in accordance with the prophecy of the
Buddha, Jesus appeared five hundred years after him, and
as admitted by most Christian scholars, his teaching was the
same as the teaching of the Buddha. There is no doubt,
therefore, that he appeared in the 'spirit' of the Buddha. In
Oldenberg's book, on the authority of Lakkavatti Suttatta, 43 it
is stated that the followers of the Buddha, looking forward
to his future coming, were sustained by the hope that as
disciples of the Metteyya, they would have the bliss of
salvation. They were certain that the Metteyya would come
and that they would attain salvation through him, for, the
words in which the Buddha had held out the hope for the
coming of the Metteyya positively showed that his disciples
would meet and acknowledge him. The statement of the
43 According to Oldenberg it is spelled Cakkavatti Suttanta. See Appendix,
extract 5. (Translator)

1 94 Jesus in India
above-mentioned book further reinforces the conviction that

for the guidance of those people God had created two
appropriate circumstances: Firstly, by virtue of the title Asif,
mentioned in Genesis 3:10, 44 which means 'one who rallies
a people', it was inevitable that Jesus should visit the land to
which the Jews had migrated and settled; secondly, in
accordance with the prophecy of the Buddha, it was
necessary that the followers of the Buddha should meet
Jesus and profit from him spiritually. Considering both
these points together, it looks almost certain that Jesus must
have visited Tibet. The fact that Christian teaching and
ritual have so deeply influenced Tibetan Buddhism
necessitates the belief that Jesus must have visited the
Tibetan people also. Moreover, the fact that the zealous
followers of Buddhism, as stated in Buddhistic records, had
always eagerly expected to meet him, cries out aloud that
this desire on their part had become the prelude to Jesus'
visit to this country. In the face of both these facts, an
impartial person has no need to search through Buddhistic
records to discover for himself the statement that Jesus did
in fact come to Tibet. For, in accordance with the prophecy
of the Buddha, the desire for the Buddha's second advent
being so strong, the prophecy itself must have attracted
Jesus to Tibet. It must be noted that the word 'Metteyya' so
frequently mentioned in Buddhistic books undoubtedly
means 'Messiah'. On page 14 of the book, Tibet, Tartary,
Mongolia, by H. T. Prinsep, it is stated concerning Metteya
Buddha, which in reality is Messiah, that the first Christian
44 The sense of the quotation is correct but it seems there is a misprint in

the first edition. Please read 49:10 instead of 3:10 (Translator)

I Jesus in India 95
missionaries, having heard and seen at first hand conditions

obtaining in Tibet, came to the conclusion that in the ancient
books of the Lamas there were to be found traces of the
Christian religion. Again, on the same page, it is stated that
there is no doubt about it that these ancient authorities
believed that the disciples of Jesus were still alive when the
Christian teaching reached this place. On page 171 it is
stated that there is not the slightest doubt that at that time
everybody was eagerly waiting for the great Saviour to
appear. Tacitus says that it was not only the Jews who were
responsible for this belief, but Buddhism itself had laid the
foundation for it, i.e., it prophesied the coming of the
Metteya. Furthermore, the author of this English work says
in a note: The books Pitakattayan and Attha-Katha contain the
clear prophecy concerning the appearance of yet another
Buddha, whose advent would take place a thousand years
after the time of Gautama or 'Sakhiya Muni'. Gautama
himself states, that he is the 25 th Buddha and that the
'Bagwa Metteyya' is still to appear, that is, after he has gone,
one whose name will be Metteyya who will be fair-skinned
will come. The English author goes on to say that the word
Metteyya has a striking resemblance to Messiah. 45 In short,
Gautama Buddha clearly states in this prophecy that there
would arise a Messiah in his country, among his people and
his followers. That is why the followers of Buddhism had all
the time been waiting for the Messiah to appear in their
country. The Buddha, in his prophecy, mentioned him as
'Bagwa Metteyya' because 'Bagwa' in Sanskrit means
'white', and Jesus, being an inhabitant of the Syrian
45 See Appendix, extract 6 (Translator)

1 96 Jesus in India
territory, was fair-skinned. The people of the land where

this prophecy was announced, i.e., the people of Magadh, in
which was located Rajagriha, were dark-skinned. Gautama
Buddha himself was dark. He had narrated to his followers
two conclusive signs regarding the future Buddha.
i. He would be 'Bagwa' or of fair skin.
ii. He would be 'Metteyya', a traveller, and that he would
come from a foreign land.
People, therefore, constantly looked out for these signs
till they actually saw Jesus. Every Buddhist must necessarily
profess the belief that five hundred years after the Buddha,
the Bagwa Metteyya did, in fact, appear in their land.* It
should not be surprising, therefore, if books of the Buddhist
faith should mention the coming of the Metteyya-the
Masiha-to their land, and of the fulfilment of Buddha's
prophecy. Supposing there is no such mention, even then,
because on the basis of divine revelation, the Buddha had
communicated to his disciples the tiding that the Bagwa
Metteyya would come to their land, no Buddhist who was
cognizant of this prophecy could deny the coming to this
land of the Bagwa Metteyya, whose other name was
Masiha; because the non-fulfillment of the prophecy would
have meant the falsity of the faith itself. If this prophecy, for
whose fulfilment a time frame had been fixed, and which
Gautama Buddha had communicated to his disciples again
and again, had not been fulfilled at its appointed time, his
followers would have begun to doubt the truth of his claim
that he was the Buddha. Also, it would have been placed on
• The period of a thousand or five thousand years is incorrect. (Author)

I Jesus in India 97
record that this prophecy had not been fulfilled. Another

argument in support of the fulfilment of this prophecy is
that books belonging to the seventh century AD. were
discovered in Tibet, in which the word 'Mashih' figures out
prominently, which means Jesusas, and it is written as Mi-
Shi-Hu. The compiler of the list which contained the word
Mi-Shi-Ho is a Buddhist. (Vide A record of the Buddhist
Religion by I. Tsing, translated by G. Takakusu.) This
Takakusu is a Japanese who has translated I. Tsing's book,
and I. Tsing is a Chinese traveller. On the margin and in the
appendix to the book Takakusu states that an ancient book
contains the name Mi-Shi-Ho 46 (Masih). This book belongs
approximately to the seventh century ....... It was recently
translated by the Japanese, G. Takakusu,* published by
Clarendon Press, Oxford. The book in any case contains the
word Mashih which shows with certainty that this word
was not imported by the Buddhists from outside; rather, it
was borrowed from the prophecy of the Buddha and was
written sometimes as Mashih and sometimes as Bagwa
Metteyya.
Apart from the testimonies, we have found in Buddhistic
chronicles, there is one recorded by Sir Monier Williams, on
page 45 of his book Buddhism. He says that the sixth disciple
of the Buddha was a man named 'Yasa'. 47 The name is Yasu
or Yasa for short. As Jesus appeared five hundred years
after the death of the Buddha, sometime in the sixth
century, he was called the sixth disciple. It should be noted
46 See Appendix, extract 7 (Translator)

*See pages 169 and 223 of this book. (Author)

1 98 Jesus in India
that Professor Max Muller, on page 517 of the October 1894

issue of his periodical The Nineteenth Century, supports the
aforesaid statement and says that established and renowned
writers have pointed out many a time that Jesus was
influenced by the principles of Buddhism and that attempts
are being made even today to discover some historical route
along which the principles of the Buddha's faith could be
proved to have reached Palestine in the days of Jesus. 4 8 This
observation by Max Muller corroborates the Buddhistic
records in which it is claimed in as many words that Yasa
was the disciple of the Buddha. When Christians of such
repute as Professor Max Muller admit that the principles of
Buddhism had certainly influenced Jesus, it would not be
far wrong to say that this would amount to his being a
disciple of the Buddha. Nevertheless, we consider the use of
such a title in respect of Jesus disrespectful and impertinent.
The statement found in the Buddhist literature that Yasu
was the disciple of the Buddha, is only an example of the
age-old habit of Buddhist priests to designate a great
personage appearing at a later date as if he were the disciple
of his prototype. Apart from this, as has been pointed out,
there being great resemblance between the teachings of
Jesus and those of the Buddha, it would not be wrong to
speak of their relationship as that of the master and the
disciple, though such thinking is very irreverent.
Nevertheless, we do not approve of the way the European
investigators are eager to prove that the teachings of
Buddhism had reached Palestine in the days of Jesus. It is,
indeed, unfortunate that when the name and mention of

I Jesus in India 99
Jesus are found in the ancient books of Buddhism, these

investigators should adopt the dubious course of trying to
find traces of Buddha's faith in Palestine. Why should they
not search for the blessed footprints of Jesus on the rocky
soil of Nepal, Tibet, and Kashmir? I know, however, that
these researchers could never be expected to uncover the
truth which was lying hidden under a thousand veils of
darkness; it was for God to do it. He watched from on high
that man-worship was running rampant the world over,
and worship of the cross and the supposed sacrifice of a
human being had alienated the hearts of millions of people
from the true God. In His indignation, He sent to the world
his servant in the spirit of Jesus of Nazareth, to demolish the
creed of the cross. And he did come as the Promised
Messiah in accordance with the old prophecies. Then at long
last came the time for the breaking of the cross, the time
when the error of the creed of the cross was to be exposed
beyond any doubt quite like a piece of wood torn asunder.
Heaven has now thrown open the way for the demolition of
the cross, so that the seeker after truth may look around and
investigate. True, the physical ascension of Jesus to heaven
was a misnomer; nevertheless, it had a significance of its
own. The truth about the life of the Messiah had been
forgotten and lost, as a corpse is eaten up by the earth and is
no more; but in heaven he had an existence of his own and
was present like a disembodied human spirit. It was
inevitable, therefore, that this reality should finally descend
to the earth in the latter days and assume the form of a
living human being. This Messianic reality has indeed
descended to the earth in this age in the shape of a living
human being. It has broken the cross and dispelled the evils

I 100 Jesus in India
of falsehood and its worship. The Holy Prophetsa in a Hadith

about the cross has compared these evils to the swine. They
have now been killed just as swine are killed. It is wrong to
interpret this Hadith to mean that the Promised Messiah
would kill the infidels and break crosses. In reality, the
breaking of the cross means that at the time, God of Heaven
and Earth would reveal the hidden Truth and, all of a
sudden, the entire structure of the cross would collapse. The
killing of swine does not mean the killing of men or of
swine, but the killing of swinish qualities like persistent
falsehood and flaunting it with impunity, which is like
eating excrement. Just as dead swine cannot eat dirt, so,
there would come a time-in fact, it has already come-
when evil would be prevented from gorging on this kind of
dirt. Muslim clerics, the Ulama, have been grossly mistaken
in the interpretation of this prophecy of the Holy Prophetsa.
The true meaning of the breaking of the cross and of the
killing of the swine are the ones we have already
mentioned. If the Mahdi and the Messiah were supposed to
go on a killing spree, what will become of the other
prophecy which says that at the time of the Promised
Messiah, religious wars will be brought to an end and
Heaven will radiate such resplendent truths as will clearly
differentiate between right and wrong. Do not think,
therefore, that I have come to wield the sword. No, I have
come to put all swords back into their sheaths. The world
has been groping in the dark for far too long. Many have
conspired against their well-wishers, wounded the hearts of
true friends, and hurt their dear ones. But now darkness
shall be no more. Night is gone and the day has dawned.
Blessed is he who remains not deprived any more!

I Jesus in India 101 1
Among the testimonies contained in Buddhist records is

the evidence mentioned on page 419 of Buddhism by
Oldenberg. It is recorded on the authority of the book
named Mahavagga (page 54 section 1) that a man called
Rahulta 49 was a successor to the Buddha. This Rahulta has
been described not only as his devoted disciple, but also as
his son. I am convinced that Rahulta of Buddhistic records
is none other than Ruhullah, which is one of Jesus' titles and
reads as Rahulta due to phonetic variation. To say that
Rahulta was the son of the Buddha, who abandoned his
child in infancy, went into exile and, wishing to part from
his wife for good, left her asleep without informing her or
saying farewell, and fled to some other land, is altogether
absurd and derogatory to the high spiritual station of the
Buddha. It portrays him as a cruel and hard-hearted man
who had no compassion for his poor wife and left her asleep
and slunk away like a thief without saying a word of
consolation to her. He altogether ignored the duties he
owed to her as a husband, neither divorcing her nor asking
her permission to proceed on an endless journey, wounded
her heart by disappearing so suddenly and did not care to
send her even a single letter and took no pity on his child
who grew up to manhood in his absence. Could such a man,
who had no respect for the morals he taught his disciples,
be righteous? Conscience refuses to accept this story, just as
it refuses to accept the story of the Gospels that once Jesus
failed to show regard for his mother, that he did not attend
to her when she called on him and uttered words which
were disrespectful.
49 Also known as Rahula. See Appendix, extract 5. (Translator)

102 Jesus in India
So although the two stories about hurting the feelings of

a wife and a mother have a mutual resemblance, yet we
cannot ascribe such stories as do not size up to the lowest
level of moral conduct either to Jesus or to Gautama
Buddha. If the Buddha loved not his wife, had he no pity on
a poor woman and her suffering child either? It is so serious
a lapse of moral conduct that I am shocked even to think of
this story which is hundreds of years old and belongs to the
dead past. Why at all should he have misbehaved like this?
To be a bad man, it is enough to be callous towards one's
wife, unless she be immoral, disobedient, faithless, or
hostile to her husband. We cannot, therefore, ascribe such
offensive behaviour to the Buddha, which militates against
his own teachings. All this shows that the story is false. In
point of fact, 'Rahulta' means Jesus, whose other name is
'Ruhullah'. The word 'Ruhullah' in Hebrew comes close to
Rahulta, and 'Rahula', or, 'Ruhullah', has been described as
a disciple of the Buddha because, as I have already stated,
that Jesus came after the Buddha and brought a
dispensation similar to that of the Buddha. That is why the
followers of the Buddhist faith declared that the Buddha
was the source of the teachings of Jesus, and that Jesus was
one of his disciples. It should not be surprising if the
Buddha, on the basis of revelation from God, should have
declared Jesus to be his 'son'. Another important piece of
circumstantial evidence is that in the same book it is
recorded that when the infant Rahulta was separated from
his mother, a woman whose name was Magdaliyana, and
who was a follower of the Buddha acted as the
intermediary. It may be noted that the name Magdaliyana is
in reality a corrupt form of the name Magdalena, a female

I Jesus in India ma 1
follower of Jesus mentioned in the Gospels.

All this evidence, which has been briefly given, should
lead an unbiased mind to the conclusion that Jesus must
have visited this country. Regardless of all these certain and
sure grounds, no intelligent person can afford to disregard
the similarity to be found between the teachings and the
ceremonial rites of Buddhism and those of Christianity,
especially in Tibet. This resemblance is so close and striking
that most Christian researchers believe that Buddhism is the
Christianity of the East, and Christianity the Buddhism of
the West. 50 Isn't it strange that Jesus said, 'I am the Light
and the Way', so said the Buddha. The Gospels call Jesus
the Saviour, the Buddha too calls himself the Saviour (see
Lalta Wasatra). In the Gospels, it is stated that Jesus had no
father, and about the Buddha too it is stated that he was
born without a father, 51 although apparently, just as Jesus
had a foster father Joseph, so had the Buddha a foster father.
Similarly, it is stated that a star appeared at the time of the
Buddha's birth. Also there is the story of Solomon ordering
the cutting of the child in two halves and giving each half to
the two women; an exactly similar episode is to be found in
the Buddha's Jataka. 52 In addition to showing that Jesus did
come to this country, it shows that the Jews who had
migrated to this land had also established close ties with
Buddhism.
The Buddhistic account of the Creation is the same as the
one given in the Torah. According to the Torah man is

5 2 Stories of the Buddha's former births found in Buddhist literature.
(Translator)

considered superior to woman, so is a monk in the religion

of the Buddha considered superior to a nun. The Buddha
did, however, believe in the transmigration of souls, but his
view of transmigration is not opposed to the teaching of the
Gospels. According to the Buddha, transmigration is of
three kinds:
i. The conduct and courage of a man demands that after
death he should be given some kind of a new body.
ii. The kind of transmigration, which the Tibetans believe is
peculiar to the Lamas. It means that part of the spirit of
some Buddha or Buddha Satwas transmigrates into the
Lama for the time being which means that his power,
temper and spiritual qualities are transferred into the
Lama and begin to animate the recipient.
iii. That in this very life man goes through different creations
until on account of his moral qualities he becomes an
authentic human being. But before that a time may come
when he is, figuratively speaking, a bull; when he grows
in greed and evil, he becomes a veritable dog, the first
existence giving place to the next, corresponding to the
quality of his actions. All these 'metamorphoses',
however, take place in this very life. This kind of creed is
not opposed to the teaching of the Gospels.
I have already stated that the Buddha also believes in the
existence of the Devil; he also believes in heaven and hell, in
angels and in the Day of Judgment. The charge that the
Buddha did not believe in God, is a pure fabrication.
However, he did not believe in Vedanta 53 and in the
corporeal gods of the Hindus. He was an acute critic of the
53 The Vedic concept and philosophy of the Divine. (Translator)

I Jesus in India ms 1
Vedas, and did not believe in the truth of the existing

Vedas; he believed that they had been corrupted and
tampered with. The period during which he was a Hindu
and follower of the Vedas, he regarded as the period of evil
birth. For example, he hints that for a time he was a
monkey, again for a time an elephant, then a deer, a dog,
four times a snake, a sparrow, a frog, twice a fish, ten times
a tiger, four times a fowl, twice a pig, and once a hare.
When he was a hare he used to teach the monkeys, the
jackals, and the water dogs. Again, he says that he was once
a ghost, once a woman, and once a dancing Devil. All these
hints are meant to point to phases of his life as were full of
cowardice, effeminacy, impurity, savagery, profligacy,
gluttony, and superstition. It appears that in point of fact,
his confessions pertain to the time when he was a follower
of the Vedas, for, after rejecting them he gives no hint of any
evil still clinging to him. On the contrary, he makes great
claims. He said that he had become a manifestation of God
and had attained Nirvana. 54 The Buddha also states that the
man who leaves the world accompanied by evil deeds is
thrown into hell. Sentinels of hell drag him to the supreme
guardian of hell, called Yamah, and the condemned one is
asked whether or not he had seen the following Five
Messengers who had been sent to warn him:
i. Childhood,
ii. Old age,
iii. Disease,
54 According to Buddhist teaching, Nirvana is the state of perfect bliss

attained when the soul is freed from all suffering and absorbed into the
supreme spirit. (Translator)

I ma Jesus in India
iv. Being punished during one's life as evidence of the

punishment in the hereafter,
v. Corpses which remind us of the transitory nature of the
world.
The condemned one replies that he had been a fool and
that he had not thought over any of these things. The
guardians of hell will drag him to the torture chamber and
secure him with red-hot iron chains. The Buddha,
moreover, says that hell has several zones where sinners of
different categories will be cast. In short, all this teaching
cries out aloud that the Buddhist religion is to a large extent
indebted to the personal example and influence of Jesus.I do
not like to elaborate the point further, and should close the
section here, because the prophecy about the coming of
Jesus to this country has been so clearly spelled out in
Buddhist literature; nor can it be denied that the parables
and the moral teaching of the Gospels are positively to be
found in Buddhist books compiled in Jesus' time. These two
points considered together do not leave any doubt about the
coming of Jesus to this country. The evidence, therefore,
which we wanted to find in Buddhistic records has been
discovered in full. God be thanked.
Section Three
Evidence from Historical Writings which Show that
Jesus' Journey to the Punjab and Neighbouring
Territories was Inevitable
The question naturally arises as to why Jesus, after his
escape from the cross, should have come to this country and

what could have induced him to take such a long journey?

This question requires a little detailed answer and should,
therefore, receive a little fuller treatment in the present
volume.
Let it be noted, therefore, that it was extremely necessary,
by reason of his office as divine messenger, for Jesus to have
journeyed to the Punjab and its neighbourhood because the
ten tribes of Israel, who in the Gospels have been called the
lost sheep of Israel, had migrated to this country. It is a fact
which no historian has been able to deny. It was necessary,
therefore, that Jesus should have journeyed to this country
and, after finding the lost sheep, should have conveyed to
them the divine message vouchsafed to him. Had he not
done so, the purpose for which he had been sent by God
would have remained unfulfilled. His mission was to
preach to the lost sheep of Israel. His passing away from the
world without seeking the lost sheep, or, after finding them,
failing to teach them the way to salvation, would have been
quite like the case of a man who had been charged by his
king to go to a desert tribe to dig a well and supply them
with water, but who goes instead to some other place where
he spends three or four years, taking no steps to search for
the concerned tribe. Does such a man carry out the
command of the king? Not in the least. The man cares not
for that tribe, he merely looks to his own comfort.
If, however, it is asked, how and why it should be
supposed that the ten tribes of Israel had come to this
country, the answer is that the supporting evidence of this
thesis is so strong and incontrovertible that even a dullard
will not deny it. It is too well known that people like the
Afghans and the old inhabitants of Kashmir are in fact of

I ms Jesus in India
Israelite origin. For example, the people of Alai Kohistan

which is at a distance of two or three days' journey from the
district of Hazara, have called themselves Beni Israel from
time immemorial. Similarly, there is another hilly tract in
this region known as Kala Dakah, whose inhabitants also
take pride in being of Israelite origin. Then in the Hazara
district itself, there is a tribe which claims to belong to the
house of Israel. Similarly, the inhabitants of the mountain
range between Chillas and Kabul also call themselves
Israelites. Dr. Bernier's view about the people of Kashmir,
which is based on the authority of some English scholars,
and is expressed in the second part of his book Travels, is
only too true. According to him, the Kashmiri people are the
descendants of Israel; their dress, their features and some of
their rituals conclusively point to the fact that they are
undoubtedly of Israelite origin. 55 An Englishman, Forster
by name, writes in his book that during his stay in Kashmir
he felt as if he was living amidst a tribe of the Jews.56 H. W.
Bellews C.S.I. in his book The Races of Afghanistan, published
by Thacker Spink & Co. Calcutta, states that the Afghans
came from Syria. Nebuchadnezzar took them prisoner and
settled them in Persia and Media, from whence at a later
date they moved to the East and settled in the Chor hills,
where they were known as Beni Israel. In proof of this there
is the prophecy of the Prophet Idris (Enoch), which says that
the ten tribes of Israel who were taken prisoner, escaped
from captivity and took refuge in the territory called
Arsarah which appears to be another name of the area


known as Hazara today, part of the region being called

Chor. In Tabaqaat-i-Naasri, there is an account of the
conquest of Afghanistan by Genghis Khan. It is stated that
in the times of the Shabnisi dynasty there lived a tribe
known as Beni Israel, some of whom were big businessmen
and good traders. In 622 A.D., which is the year of the Holy
Prophet Muhammad'ssa Call, these people were to be found
in the eastern part of Herat. A Quraish chief Khalid bin
Walid brought to them the tidings of the Prophet's Coming
with a view to bringing them under the banner of the
Divine Messengersa. Five or six chiefs were elected to
accompany him, of whom the principal chief was Qais,
whose other name was Kish. After accepting Islam, these
people fought bravely for the cause of Islam and made
many conquests. The Holy Prophetsa gave them many
presents on their return journey, blessed them, and
prophesied that they would attain great power and
ascendancy. The Holy Prophetsa also prophesied that the
chiefs of this tribe would always be known as Maliks. He
gave Qais the name of Abdul Rashid and conferred upon
him the title Pahtaan. Afghan writers say that this is a Syriac
word which means a rudder. As the newly converted Qais
was, like the rudder of a ship, a guide to his tribe, he was
awarded the title Pahtaan.
It is not known at what point of time the Afghans of
Chor advanced farther and came to settle in the territory
around Kandhar, which is their home today. This happened
probably in the first century of the Islamic calendar. The
Afghans maintain that Qais married the daughter of Khalid
bin Walid, by whom he had three sons whose names were
Saraban, Patan, and Gurgasht. Saraban had two sons, called

1 no Jesus in India
Sacharj Yun, and Karsh Yun. It is their descendants who are

today known as the Afghans or Beni-Israel. The people of
Asia-Minor, and Muslim historians of the West, call
Afghans Sulaimanis.57
In The Cyclopaedia of India, Eastern and Southern Asia, by
Edward Balfour, Vol. m,ss it is stated that the Jewish people
are spread all over the central, southern, and eastern regions
of Asia. In early times these people were settled in large
numbers in China; they had a synagogue at Yih Chu, the
headquarter of the district of Shu. Dr. Wolf, who wandered
for a long time in search of the ten lost tribes of Beni Israel,
is of the opinion that if Afghans are the progeny of Jacob,
they belong to the tribes of Yahuda and Bin Yamin. Another
report proves that the Jews were exiled to Tartary; they
were found in large numbers in the territories round about
Bukhara, Merv and Khiva. Prester John, Emperor of Tartary,
in his letter to Alexis Comminus, the Emperor of
Constantinople, writing about his dominions, says that
beyond the river Amu there are the ten tribes of Israel who,
though they claim to be under their own king, are in reality
his subjects and vassals. Dr. Moore's researches show that
the Tartar tribe named Chosan is of Jewish origin and that
among them are to be found traces of the ancient Jewish
faith. For example, they still practise the rite of circumcision.
The Afghans have a tradition that they are the ten lost tribes
of Israel. After the sack of Jerusalem, the king
Nebuchadnezzar took them prisoner and settled them in
Chor, near Bamiyan. Before the arrival of Khalid bin Walid

58 It should be volume I, third edition. (Translator)

they had consistently held fast to the Jewish faith.

In appearance, the Afghans resemble the Jews in all
respects. Like them, the younger brother marries the widow
of the elder brother. A French traveller, Ferrier by name,
who passed through Herat, states that Israelites are found in
large numbers in that territory, and that they have full
liberty in the practice of their religion.59 The Rabbi Bin
Yamin of Toledo, Spain in the twelfth century A.D.
ventured out in search of the lost tribes. He states that these
Jews are settled in China, Iran and Tibet. Josephus, who
wrote the ancient history of the Jews in 93 A.D., in the
course of his account of the Jews who escaped from
bondage along with the Prophet Ezra, states in his eleventh
book that the ten tribes were settled beyond the Euphrates
even at that time, and that their numbers were
uncountable. 60 By 'beyond the Euphrates' he meant Persia
and the eastern territories. St. Jerome who lived in the fifth
century A.D., writing about Prophet Hosea says in the
margin, in support of his thesis, that since that day the ten
tribes (of the Israelites) have been under king Parthya or
Paras, and have not been released from bondage. In the first
volume of the same book, it is stated that Count Juan
Steram testifies on page 233-34 of his book that the Afghans
admit that Nebuchadnezzar, after the destruction of the
Temple at Jerusalem, exiled them to the territory of
Bamiyan (which is adjacent to Chor, in Afghanistan).
On page 166 of the book, A Narrative of a Visit to Ghuzni,
Kabul and Afghanistan by G. T. Vigne, F.G.S. (1840), it is
59 See Appendix, extract 13,14,15. (Translator)

so See Appendix, extract 16. (Translator)

stated that one Mullah Khuda Dad quoted in his presence

from a book called Majma-ul-Ansaab, that the eldest son of
Jacob was Judas, whose son was Usrak; Usrak's son was
Aknur; Aknur's son was Maalib; Maalib's Farlai; Farlai's
Qais, Qais' Talut; Talut's Armea, and Armea's son was
Afghan whose descendants are the Afghan people and after
whom the latter are named. Afghan, a contemporary of
Nebuchadnezzar, was known as a descendant of Israel, and
had forty sons. In the 34th generation of his genealogical
tree, after some 2000 years, was born Qais who lived in the
time of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa. His descendants
multiplied down to 64 generations. 61 Afghan's eldest son,
Salm, migrated from his Syrian home and settled in Ghor
Mashkoh, near Herat, and his descendants spread into
Afghanistan. s2
In A cyclopedia of Geography by James Bryce, F.G.S.
(London, 1856), on page 11, it is stated that the Afghans
trace their genealogy to Saul, the Israelite King, and call
themselves the descendants of Israel. Alexander Burns says
that the Afghans state that they are of Jewish origin; that the
King of Babel captured them and settled them in the
territory of Ghor which lies to the northwest of Kabul; that
up to 622 A.D. they continued to hold on to the Jewish faith,
but that Khalid bin Abdullah (Abdullah has been written
mistakenly instead of Walid) married the daughter of a chief
of this tribe and made them accept Islam in that year. 63
On page 39 of Col. G. B. Malleson's book History of
61 It should be read as 66. (Translator)


I Jesus in India na 1
Afghanistan (London 1878), it is stated that Abdullah Khan

of Herat, the French traveller named Ferrier, and Sir
William Jones, a recognised orientalist, agree that the
Afghan people are descended from the Beni-Israel, and that
they are the descendants of the ten lost tribes. 64 The book
History of the Afghans, by G. P. Ferrier,65 translated by Capt.
William Jesse, and published in London (1858), records on
page 1 that the majority of oriental historians are of the
opinion that the Afghan people are the descendants of the
ten tribes of Israel and that the Afghans too hold the same
opinion. The same historian says on page 4 of this book, that
Afghans possess evidence that at Peshawar, during his
invasion of India, Nadir Shah was presented by the chiefs of
the Yoosoofzyes tribe with a Bible written in Hebrew as
well as several other articles preserved by their families for
the performance of religious rites of their old faith. There
were also Jews in Nadir Shah's camp, who, on seeing the
articles, readily recognised them. Again, the same historian
states on page 4 of his book that in his opinion Abdullah
Khan's view is highly reliable. Briefly stated this view is as
follows: Malek Thalut (Saul) had two sons, Afghan and
Djalut. Afghan was the patriarch of these people. After the
reigns of David and Solomon, the Israelite tribes started
fighting one another. As a result, each tribe became
separated from the other. This state of affairs continued up
to the time of Nebuchadnezzar who invaded and killed
70,000 Jews. He sacked the city, and took the remaining
64See Appendix, extract 19. (Translator)

65This should be J.P. Ferrier (Joseph Pierre Ferrier). In Urdu J ( ':-') was
written as G ( J.) because, at the time of the author, not much distinction
was made between J and '-. (Translator)

Jews with him to Babel as prisoners. After this catastrophe,

the children of Afghan fled in fear from Judea to Arabia and
remained there for a long time. But as water and land were
scarce, and man and beast suffered great hardship, they
decided to migrate to India. A party of Abdalees remained
in Arabia, and during the Khilafat of Hadhrat Abu Bakr one
of their chiefs established matrimonial relationship with
Khalid bin Walid .... When Iran fell to Arabia, these people
migrated from Arabia and settled in the Iranian provinces
of Fars and Kirman. They stayed there till Genghis Khan's
invasion. As the Abdalees were helpless against the
atrocities of Genghis Khan, they left for India via Makran,
Sindh and Multan. But here too they couldn't find peace.
They eventually arrived at Koh Sulaiman and settled there.
The other members of the Abdali tribe also joined them.
They consisted of 24 tribes, all descendants of Afghan who
had three sons, Tsera-Bend (Saraban), Arkash (Argoutch)
and Karlen (Batan). They had eight sons each who
multiplied into twenty-four tribes, each tribe was named
after each son. The names of the sons and the tribes are given
below: 66
Sons of Tsera- Name of

Bend tribe
Abdal Abdalees
Yoosoof Y oosoofzyes
Baboor Baboorees
Wezir Wezirees
Lohooan Lohooanees

I Jesus in India 115
Beritch Beritchees
Khooguian Khooguianees
Chiran Chiranees
Sons of
Gargasht
(Arkash)
Ghildj Ghildjzyes
Kauker Kaukerees
Djumourian Djumourianees
Storian Storianees
Pen Penees
Kass Kassees
Takan Takanees
Nassar Nassarees
Sons of Kerlen
Khattak Khattakees
Soor Soorees
Afreed Afreedees
Toor Toorees
Zaz Zazees
Bab Babees
Benguech Benguechees
Lendeh-poor Lendeh-
poorees
The book, Makhzan-i-Afghani* by Khawaja Nimatullah
• See page 3 of preface by the author. This book is a summary of

authentic chronicles like Tarikh-e-Tibri, Majma-ul-Ansaab, Gazida
Jahankushai, Matla-ul-Anwaar and Maadan-e-Akbar. (Author)

I na Jesus in India
of Herat, was written in 1018 Hijra during the reign of the

Emperor Jahangir, and was translated and published by
Prof. Bernhard Doran of Kharkov University in 1836 in
London. It contains the following statements in the chapters
mentioned below:
In chapter 1 there is the history of Jacob Israel with
whom starts the genealogy of the Afghans.
In chapter II there is the history of King Talut, the
genealogy of the Afghans is traced to Talut. On pages 22
and 23 it is stated: Talut had two sons, Berkhia and Ermiah.
Berkhia had a son, Asif and Ermiah's Afghan and on page
24 it is stated that Afghan had twenty-four 67 sons and no
one among the Israelites could compare in numbers with
the descendants of Afghan. On page 65 68 it is stated that
Bokhtnasser69 occupied the whole of Sham (Syria), etc.,
exiled the Israelite tribes and forced them to settle in the
mountainous regions of Chor, Ghazneen, Kabul, Candahar
and Koh Firoz, where the descendants of Asif and Afghan
particularly took up their abode.
The third chapter contains the statement that when
Bokhtnasser expelled the Israelites from Syria, some tribes
who were the descendants of Asif and Afghan took refuge
in Arabia. The Arabs used to address them as Beni Israel
and Beni Afghan. 70
On pages 37 and 38 of the same book, on the authority of
67 It should be read as 'forty', as is stated in extract 21 of the Appendix.

(Translator)
68 This is a misprint, to be read as page 25. See Appendix, extract 21.
(Translator)
69 Nebuchadnezzar (Translator)
70 Meaning the children of Israel and the children of Afghan. (Translator)

the author of Majma'ul Ansaab, and that of Mestoufi, the

author of Taareekh Gozeeda, it is stated that in the lifetime of
the Holy Prophetsa, Khalid bin Walid invited the Afghans to
Islam, who, after Bokhtnasser's invasion, had taken up
residence in the Chor territory. The Afghan chiefs under the
leadership of Qais, who was Talut's descendant in the 37th
generation, came to pay their homage to the Holy Prophetsa.
Qais was named Abdul Rashid by the Holy Prophetsa (Here
the genealogy of Abdul Rashid Qais is traced back to
Talut-Saul). The Holy Prophetsa also conferred the title of
Pathan on the chiefs which means 'ship's rudder'. After
some time the chiefs returned to their territory and began to
preach Islam.
In the same book Makhzan-i-Afghani on page 63, it is
recorded that Farid-ud-Din Ahmad makes the following
statement concerning the titles Beni Afghanah or Beni
Afghan, in his book Risalah Ansaab-i-Afghaniyyah: After
Nebuchadnezzar, the Magian, had subjugated the Israelites,
conquered the Syrian territories and sacked Jerusalem, he
took the Israelites prisoners and exiled them as slaves. He
took away with him several of their tribes who followed the
Mosaic Law, and ordered them to renounce their ancestral
faith and to worship him instead of God, which they
refused to do. Consequently, Nebuchadnezzar put to death
two thousand of the most intelligent and the wisest from
among them and ordered the rest to leave his kingdom and
Syria. Some of them left Nebuchadnezzar's territory under a
chief and went away to the Chor hills. Their descendants
settled down in that place, multiplied at a fast rate, and
people began to designate them as Beni Israel, Beni Asif and
Beni Afghan.

118 Jesus in India
On page 64, the same author says that reliable records

like Taarikh-i-Afghani, Taarikh-i-Ghori, etc., contain the
assertion that the Afghans are mostly Beni Israel and some
of them are of Coptic origin. Moreover, Abul Fazl also states
that some Afghans regard themselves as of Egyptian origin,
the reason given by them being that when the Beni Israel
returned to Egypt from Jerusalem, this tribe, namely, the
Afghans migrated to India. On page 64 Farid-ud-Din
Ahmad writes about the title 'Afghan' that some writers are
on record having said that after exile (from Syria) they used
always to 'bewail and cry' in remembrance of their home.
That is why they were named Afghans. 71 Sir John Malcolm
is also of the same opinion; vide History of Persia, Vol. I,
page 101.
On page 63, is given Mahabat Khan's statement that: 'As
they are the followers and relations of Solomon, they are,
therefore, styled Sulaimanis by the Arabs'.
On page 65, it is written that investigations of almost all
oriental historians show that the Afghan people's own view
is that they are of Jewish origin. Some of the present day
historians have adopted the same view and regard it as true
or very nearly true ....
The translator Bernard Dorn's contention that the
adoption of Jewish names by Afghans is due to their having
accepted Islam is not sustained by evidence. In north
western and western Punjab, there are tribes of Hindu
origin who have become Muslims but whose names are not
after the names of the Jewish people, which clearly shows
71Meaning that the title 'Afghan' is a combination of two Persian words

'Aah' (lament) and 'Faghan' (cry of pain). (Translator)

that by becoming Muslim people do not necessarily adopt

Jewish names.
That in features the Afghans have a surprising
resemblance to the Jews, is a fact which is admitted even by
such scholars as do not at all subscribe to the Afghan claim
that they are of Jewish origin. This is the only proof strong
enough to establish that the Afghan are of Jewish origin. Sir
John Malcolm's remarks in this connection are as follows:
"Although the Afghans' right to this proud (Jewish) descent
is very doubtful, it is evident from their personal
appearance and many of their customs that they (the
Afghans) are a distinct race from the Persians, Tartars and
Indians and this alone seems to give some credibility to the
Afghan claim which is otherwise contradicted by many
strong facts, and of which no direct proof has been
produced. If similarity of features between one people and
another can point to anything, the Kashmiris with their
Jewish features would certainly be found to be of Jewish
origin. This has been mentioned not only by Bernier but also
by Forster, and possibly by other scholars." Although
Forster does not accept Bernier's opinion, he concedes that
when he was among the Kashmiris he thought he was
living amidst a Jewish people. 72
Under the word 'Cashmere', on page 250 of A. K.
Johnston's Dictionary of Geography, there is this statement:
The natives are of a tall, robust frame of body, with manly
features, the women full-formed and handsome, with an
acquiline nose and features, resembling the Jewish. 73


120 Jesus in India
The Civil & Military Gazette of 23 November 1898 on page

4 under the heading Sawati and Afridi, reproduces a very
valuable and interesting paper presented to the
Anthropological section of the British Association at one of
its recent meetings, which will be read at its winter session
before the Committee on Anthropological Research. The
Gazette says:
The original Pathan or Paktan inhabitants of these western
gates of India are recognised in very early history, many of
the tribes being mentioned by Herodotus and the historians
of Alexander. In mediaeval times the rough uncultivated
wilderness of mountains they held was called Roh, and its
inhabitants Rohillas, and there can be little doubt that most
of these early Rohilla or Pathan tribes were in their places
long before the overlying Afghan tribes were thought of. All
Afghans whatsoever now counted as Pathans, because they
all speak the Pathan language, Pushto, they acknowledge no
direct kinship, claiming themselves to be Beni Israel, the
descendants of those tribes who were carried captive to
Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar. All of them have, however,
adopted the Pushto tongue, and all recognise the same
Pathan code of common civil observances called
Paktanwali, which is, in many of its provisions, curiously
suggestive both of the old Mosaic dispensation and of
ancient observances of the Rajput races.
Thus the Pathans, with whom we have lately been so largely
concerned, may be divided into two great communities, i.e.
tribes and clans such as Waziris, Afridis, Orakzais, etc. who
are of Indian origin, and those who are Afghans, who claim
to be Semitic and who represent the dominant race
throughout our frontier; and it seems at least to be possible
that the Paktanwali, which is an unwritten code and which
is acknowledged by them all alike, may be of very mixed
origin indeed. We may find in it Mosaic ordinances grafted
on to Rajput traditions and modified by Moslem custom. The
Afghans, who call themselves Duranis and who have done so

ever since the foundation of the Durani Empire about a

century and a half ago, say that they trace their descent from
the Israelitish tribes through an ancestor named Kish (Qais),
to whom the prophet Mohomet gave the name Pathan (which
is Syriac for a rudder), because he was to steer his people
into the currents of Islam .... It is difficult to account for the
universal prevalence of Israelitish names amongst Afghans
without admitting some early connection with the
Israelitish nation. Still more difficult is it to account for
certain observances, such for instance as the keeping of the
Feast of the Passover (which, by the Yusufzai branch of the
Afghan race, is at most curiously well imitated) or for the
persistence with which the least educated Afghans maintain
this tradition, without some original basis of truth for it.
Bellew thinks that this Israelitish connection may be a real
one, but he points out that one at least of the three main
branches of the Afghan family traditionally sprung from
Kish (Qais), is called by the name Sarabaur, which is but the
Pushto form of the ancient name applied to the solar race of
Rajputs, colonies of whom are known to have immigrated
into Afghanistan after their defeat by the Chandrabans, the
lunar race in the great contest, the Mahabharat of early
Indian records. Thus the Afghan may possibly be an Israelite
absorbed into ancient Rajput tribes, and this has always
appeared to me to be the most probable solution of the
problem of his origin. Anyhow, the modern Afghan takes his
stand, on the grounds of tradition, to be one of the chosen
race, a descendant of Abraham ....
We have reproduced all these quotations from the
writings of well-known authors, and if considered together,
they will convince the impartial reader that Afghans and
Kashmiris, who are to be found in India, on the frontier and
in its neighbourhood, are really the Beni Israel. In the
second part of this book, God willing, I shall prove in
greater detail that the ultimate object underlying Jesus' long
journey to India was that he might discharge the duty of

preaching to all the Israelite tribes, a fact to which he has

alluded in the Gospels. It is not surprising, therefore, that he
should have come to India and Kashmir. On the contrary, it
would indeed be surprising if, without discharging his
duties as prophet, he should have ascended to the heavens
and taken his seat there. With this, we close this part of the
discussion.
Peace be on those who are guided aright.
MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD,

The Promised Messiah,
Qadian, District Gurdaspur.

Appendix
Extracts from the Original Books which have been
Quoted by the Author in 'Jesus in India'.
1
Lectures on the Origin and Growth of Religion as
Illustrated by some Points in the History of Indian
Buddhism, by T. W. Rhys Davids, (the Hibbert Lectures ,
1881) (Williams & Norgate, London 1881)
Page 147. 'All this is of peculiar interest from the comparative point
of view. It is an expression from the Buddhist standpoint, which
excludes the theory of a Supreme Deity, of an idea very similar to
that which is expressed in Christian writings when Christ is
represented as the manifestation of God to men, the Logos, the Word
of God made flesh, the Bread of Life. And it is not a mere chance that
heterodox followers of the two religions have afterwards used the
Buddha and the Logos conceptions as bases of their emanation
theories. It is only a fresh instance of the way in which similar ideas
in similarly constituted minds come to be modified in very similar
ways. The Cakka-vatti Buddha was to the early Buddhists what the
Messiah Logos was to the early Christians. In both cases the two
ideas overlap one another, run into one another, supplement one
another. In both cases, the two combined cover as nearly the same
ground as the different foundations of the two teachings will permit.
And it is the Cakka-vatti Buddha circle of ideas in the one case, just
as the Messiah Logos in the other, that has had the principal
influence in determining the opinions of the early disciples as to the
person of their Master. The method followed in the early Buddhist
and early Christian biographies of their respective Masters was the
same, and led to similar results; though the details are in no
particular quite identical in the two cases.'

124 Jesus in India
Buddhism, in its Connexion with Brahmanism and

Hinduism, and in its Contrast with Christianity, by Sir
Monier Monier-Williams, K.C.I.E., Second Edition, (John
Murray, London 1890)
Pages 134-135. 'He said of himself (Maha-vagga 1.6,8),- 'I am the
all- subduer (sabbabhibhu); the all- wise; I have no stains; through
myself I possess knowledge; I have no rival (patipuggalo); I am the
chief Arhat- the highest teacher; I alone am the absolutely wise
(Sambuddha); I am the Conqueror (Jina); all the fires of desire are
quenched (sitibhuto) in me; I have Nirvana (nibbuto).'
Page 135 (foot- note). 'In fact Gautama remained a Bodhi-sattva until
he was thirty-four or thirty-five, when he attained perfect
enlightenment and Buddhahood.'
Page 126. 'l. Kill not any living thing. 2. Steal not. 3. Commit not
adultery. 4. Lie not. 5. Drink not strong drink ....
6. Eat no food except at stated times. 7. Use no wreaths, ornaments,
or perfumes. 8. Use no high or broad bed, but only a mat on the
ground. 9. Abstain from dancing, singing, music, and worldly
spectacles. 10. Own no gold, or silver of any kind, and accept none.
(Maha-vagga 1.56). [This Buddhist Dasa-sila may be contrasted with
the Mosaic Decalogue.]'
Pages 45-47. 'The Buddha's early disciples were not poor men; for the
sixth to be admitted to the Sangha was a high-born youth named
Yasa .....
In sending forth these sixty monks to proclaim his own gospel of
deliverance, he addressed them thus:-
'I am delivered from all fetters (p.127), human and divine. You too, 0
monks, are freed from the same fetters. Go forth and wander
everywhere, out of compassion for the world and for the welfare of
gods and men. Go forth, one by one, in different directions. Preach
the doctrine (Dharmam), salutary (kalyana) in its beginning, middle,
and end, in its spirit (artha) and in its letter (vyafijana). Proclaim a
life of perfect restraint, chastity, and celibacy (brahmacariyam). I will
go also to preach this doctrine' (Maha-vagga I. II. I).
When his monk-missionaries had departed, Gautama himself

Jesus in India 125
followed, though not till Mara (p. 41) had again tempted him.
Quitting Benares he journeyed back to Uruvela, near Gaya. There he
first converted thirty rich young men and then one thousand
orthodox Brahmans, led by Kasyapa and his two brothers, who
maintained a sacred fire ('Brahmanism,' p. 364). The fire-chamber
was haunted by a fiery snake-demon; so Buddha asked to accupy the
room for a night, fought the serpent and confined him in his own
alms-bowl. Next he worked other miracles (said to have been 3500 in
number) ....
To them on a hill Gayasisa (Brahma-yoni), near Gaya, he preached
his 'burning' fire-sermon (Maha-v 0 I. 21): 'Everything, 0 monks, is
burning (adittam=adiptam). The eye is burning; visible things are
burning. The sensation produced by contact with visible things is
burning-burning with fire of lust (desire), enmity and delusion
(ragaggina dosaggina mohaggina), with birth, decay (jaraya), death,
grief, lamentation, pain, dejection (domanassehi), and despair
(upayasehi). The ear is burning; sounds are burning; the nose is
burning, odours are burning; the tongue is burning, tastes are
burning; the body is burning, objects of sense are burning. The mind
is burning; thoughts are burning. All are burning with the fire of
passions and lusts. Observing this, 0 monks, a wise and noble
disciple becomes weary of (or disgusted with) the eye, weary of
visible things, weary of the ear, weary of sounds, weary of odours,
weary of tastes, weary of the body, weary of the mind. Becoming
weary, he frees himself from passions and lusts. When free, he
realizes that his object is accomplished, that he has lived a life of
restraint and chastity (brahmacariyam), that re-birth is ended.'
It is said that this fire-sermon-which is a key to the meaning of
Nirvana-was suggested by the sight of a conflagration. It was
Gautama's custom to impress ideas on his hearers by pointing to
visible objects. He compares all life to a flame; and the gist of the
discourse is the duty of extinguishing the fire of lusts, and with it the
fire of all existence, and importance of monkhood and celibacy for
the attainment of this end.
Contrast in Christ's Sermon on the Mount the words addressed to
the multitude (not to monks), 'Blessed are the pure in heart, for they
shall see God.'

The Buddha and his followers next proceeded to Rajagriha.'
s
Buddhism: being a Sketch of the Life and Teachings of
Gautama, the Buddha, by T. W. Rhys Davids, M.A.
Ph.D. (Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge,
London 1882)
Page 183. 'His mother was the best and the purest of the
daughters of men.'
In the footnote of page 183, Davids quotes St. Jerome:
'St. Jerome says (contra Jovian. bk. I): 'It is handed down as a
tradition among the Gymnosophists of India, that Buddha, the
founder of their system, was brought forth by a virgin from her side.'
4
The Life of the Buddha and the Early History of his
Order, derived from Tibetan Works in the Bkah-Hgyur
and Bstan-Hgyur, translated by W. Woodville Rockhill
(Trubner & Co. London 1884)
Page 32. 'The rumour had reached Kapilavastu that the prince
had died under the excess of his penances, and all the court was
plunged in despair, and his wives fell fainting to the ground; but a
little after came the news that he had attained enlightenment, and
great was the rejoicing everywhere.'
Page 141. 'As soon as the Blessed One expired the mighty earth
was shaken, thunderbolts did fall, and the gods in the sky did shriek
with (or like) sound of drum (f.63Sa)_ At that time the venerable
Mahaka<;yapa was stopping in the Kalantakanivasa Bamboo grove at
Rajagriha; and when the earth quaked he sought what might be the
reason, and he saw that the Blessed One had utterly passed away ... '
5
Buddha: His Life, His Doctrine, His Order by Dr.

Hermann Oldenberg, Translated from the German by

William Hoey, M.A., D.Lit. (Williams & Norgate, London
1882)
Page 142 (foot-note): 'On the occasion of a prophecy of Buddha's
regarding Metteyya, the next Buddha, who will in the far future
appear upon the earth, it is said: "He will be the leader of a band of
disciples, numbering hundreds of thousands, as I am now the leader
of bands of disciples, numbering hundreds."-Cakkavattisuttanta.'
Page 419. 'Regarding the wife and child of Buddha the chief
passage is "Mahavagga," i, 54; Ra.hula is frequently mentioned in the
Sutta texts as Buddha's son, without any prominent role being
ascribed to him among the circles of disciples by the ancient
tradition.'
Page 103. 'He (Buddha) says: "Ra.hula is born to me, a fetter has
been forged for me."
Page 103 (foot-note). 'In the name Ra.hula there seems to be an
allusion to Rahu, the sun and moon subduing (darkening) demon.'
6
Tibet, Tartary and Mongolia; their Social and Political
Condition, and the Religion of Boodh, as there Existing,
by Henry T. Prinsep Esq. Second Edition (Wm. H. Allen
& Co. London 1852)
Pages 12-14. 'The earliest travels into Tibet Proper which have
been transmitted to us, are those of the Jesuit fathers, Grueber and
Darville, who returned from China by that route in A.D. 1661, just
four hundred years after Marco Polo's journey westward. They were
the first Christians of Europe who are known to have penetrated into
the populous parts of Tibet; for Marco Polo's journey was, as we
have stated, to the north-west, by the sources of the Oxus. Father
Grueber was much struck with the extraordinary similitude he
found, as well in the doctrine, as in the rituals, of the Boodhists of

128 Jesus in India
Lassa to those of his own Romish faith. He noticed first, that the
dress of Lamas corresponded with that handed down to us in ancient
paintings, as the dress of the Apostles. 2nd . That the discipline of the
monasteries, and of the different orders of Lamas or priests, bore the
same resemblance to that of the Romish church. 3rd • That the notion
of an incarnation was common to both, so also the belief in paradise
and purgatory. 4th • He remarked that they made suffrages, alms,
prayers, and sacrifices for the dead, like the Roman Catholics. 5th •
That they had convents, filled with monks and friars, to the number
of 30,000, near Lassa, who all made the three vows of poverty,
obedience, and chastity, like Roman monks, besides other vows. And
6th , that they had confessors, licensed by the superior Lamas, or
bishops; and so empowered to receive confessions, and to impose
penances, and give absolution. Besides all this, there was found the
practice of using holy water, of singing service in alternation, of
praying for the dead, and a perfect similarity in the costumes of the
great and superior Lamas to those of the different orders of the
Romish hierarchy. These early missionaries, further, were led to
conclude, from what they saw and heard, that the ancient books of
the Lamas contained traces of the Christian religion, which must,
they thought, have been preached in Tibet in the time of the
Apostles.'
Then concerning the advent of a Saviour, the author H. T. Prinsep
writes in the same book (Tibet, Tartary and Mongolia) on page 171:
'The general expectation of the birth of a great prophet,
Redeemer, or Saviour, which is alluded to even by Tacitus, as
prevailing at the period when the founder of the Christian religion
appeared, was, there can be no doubt, of Boodhistic origin, and not at
all confined to Jews, or based only on the prophecies of their
Scripture.'
As a foot-note on page 171 the author further wrote:
'The advent of another Boodh a thousand years after Gotama, or
Sakhya Muni, is distinctly prophesied in the Pitakattayan and Attha-

katha. Gotama declares himself to be the twenty-fifth Boodh, and

says, "Bagawa Metteyo is yet to come." The name Metteyo bears an
extraordinary resemblance to Messiah.'
7
A Record of The Buddhist Religion as Practised in India
and the Malay Archipelago (AD. 671-695) by I-Tsing,
Translated by J. Takakusu, B.A., Ph.D. (Oxford,
Clarendon Press 1896)
pages 223-224: 'It is indeed curious to find the name of
MESSIAH in a Buddhist work, though the name comes in quite
accidentally. The book is called 'The New Catalogue of the Buddhist
Books compiled in the Cheng Yuan Period' (A.D. 785-804), in the
new Japanese edition of the Chinese Buddhist Books (Bodleian
Library, Jap. 65 DD, *~ -f:-, P. 73; this book is not in Nanjio's
Catalogue) ....
Moreover, the Sanghiiriima of the Siikya and the monastery of
Tii-ch'in (Syria) differ much in their customs, and their religious
practices are entirely opposed to each other. King-ching (Adam)
ought to hand down the teaching of MESSIAH (Mi-shi-ho), and the
Siikyaputriya-Sramanas should propagate the Sutras of the Buddha.'
The Nineteenth Century: a Monthly Review, edited by

James Knowles, Vol. XXXVI, July-December 1894
(Sampson Low, Marston & Co. London 1894)
Page 517. 'But M. Notovitch, though he did not bring the
manuscripts home, at all events saw them, and not pretending to a
knowledge of Tibetan, had the Tibetan text translated by an
interpreter, and has published seventy pages of it in French in his Vie
inconnue de Jesus-Christ. He was evidently prepared for the discovery
of a Life of Christ among the Buddhists. Similarities between
Christianity and Buddhism have frequently been pointed out of late,

130 Jesus in India
and the idea that Christ was influenced by Buddhist doctrines has
more than once been put forward by popular writers. The difficulty
has hitherto been to discover any real historical channel through
which Buddhism could have reached Palestine at the time of Christ.
M. Notovitch thinks that the manuscript which he found at Himis
explains the matter in the simplest way. There is no doubt, as he
says, a gap in the life of Christ, say from his fifteenth to his twenty-
ninth year. During that very time the new Life found in Tibet asserts
that Christ was in India, that he studied Sanskrit and Pali, that he
read the Vedas and the Buddhist Canon, and then returned through
Persia to Palestine to preach the Gospel. If we understand M.
Notovitch rightly, this Life of Christ was taken down from the
mouths of some Jewish merchants who came to India immediately
after the Crucifixion (P. 237). It was written down in Pali, the sacred
language of Southern Buddhism; the scrolls were afterwards brought
from India to Nepaul and Makhada (qucrre Magadha) about 200 A.D.
(P. 236), and from Nepaul to Tibet, and are at present carefully
preserved at Lassa. Tibetan translations of the Pali text are found, he
says, in various Buddhist monasteries, and, among the rest, at Himis.
It is these Tibetan manuscripts which were translated at Himis for M.
Notovitch while he was laid up in the monastery with a broken leg,
and it is from these manuscripts that he has taken his new Life of
Jesus Christ and published it in French, with an account of his
travels. This volume, which has already passed through several
editions in France, is soon to be translated into English.'
9
The Mystery of the Ages contained in the Secret
Doctrine of all Religions. By Marie, Countess of
Caithness, Duchesse De Pomar (C. L. H. Wallace,
Philanthropic Reform Publisher, Oxford Mansion, W.
London 1887)
On Page 145 the author says about 'Buddhism': ..... It is the
Christianity of the East, and, as such, even in better

conservation than is Christianity, the Buddhism of the West.'
10
Travels in the Mogul Empire A.D. 1656-1668 by
Franc;;ois Bernier, Translated, on the basis of Irving
Brock's version and annotated by Archibald Constable
1891, Second Edition, revised by Vincent A. Smith, M.A.
(Oxford University Press 1916)
Page 430. 'There are, however, many signs of Judaism to be
found in this country. On entering the Kingdom after crossing the
Pire-penjale mountains, the inhabitants in the frontier villages struck
me as resembling Jews. Their countenance and manner, and that
indescribable peculiarity which enables a traveller to distinguish the
inhabitants of different nations, all seemed to belong to that ancient
people. You are not to ascribe what I say to mere fancy, the Jewish
appearance of these villagers having been remarked by our Jesuit
Father, and by several other Europeans, long before I visited
Kachemire.'
11
A Journey from Bengal to England, through the
Northern Part of India, Kashmire, Afghanistan, and
Perisa, and into Russia by the Caspian-Sea, by George
Forster, vol. II (R. Faulder and Son, London 1808)
Page 23. 'On first seeing these people in their own country, I
imagined, from their garb, the cast of countenance, which is long,
and of a grave aspect, and the form of their beards, that I had come
amongst a nation of Jews.'
12
The Races of Afghanistan, being a Brief Account of the
Principal Nations Inhabiting that Country, by Surgeon-

132 J e s us in In di a
Major H. W. Bellew, C.S.I. (Thacker, Spink & Co.

Calcutta, ( 1880) MDCCCLXXX)
Page 15. 'The traditions of this people refer them to Syria as the
country of their residence at the time they were carried away into
captivity by Bukhtunasar (Nebuchadnezzar), and planted as
colonists in different parts of Persia and Media. From these positions
they, at some subsequent period, emigrated eastward into the
mountainous country of Chor, where they were called by the
neighbouring peoples "Bani Afghan" and "Bani Israil," or children of
Afghan, and children of Israel. In corroboration of this we have the
testimony of the prophet Esdras to the effect that the ten tribes of
Israel, who were carried into captivity, subsequently escaped and
found refuge in the country of Arsareth, which is supposed to be
identical with the Hazarah country of the present day, and of which
Chor forms a part. It is also stated in the Tabacati Nasiri-a historical
work which contains, among other information, a detailed account of
the conquest of this country by Changhiz Khan- that in the time of
the native Shansabi dynasty there was a people called Bani Israil
living in that country, and that some of them were extensively
engaged in trade with the countries around.
This people was settled in the Chor country, to the east of Herat,
at the time that Muhammad announced his mission as the Prophet of
God- about 622 A.D. And it was there that Khalid-bin-Walfd, a
chief of the Curesh tribe of Arabs, came to them with the tidings of
the new faith, and an invitation to join the Prophet's standard.'
Page 16. ' ...... the mission of Khalid was not without success, for
he returned to the Prophet, accompanied by a deputation of six or
seven representative men of the Afghan people and their followers
amounting in all to seventy-six persons. The chief or leader of this
party was named Kais or Kish.
The traditions of the people go on to the effect that this Kais and
his companions fought so well and successfully in the cause of the
Prophet, that Muhammad, on dismissing them to their homes,

presented them with handsome gifts, complimented them on their

bravery, and giving them his blessing foretold a glorious career for
their nation, and promised that the title of Malik (or king) should
distinguish their chiefs for ever. ... At the same time the Prophet, as a
mark of special favour and distinction, was pleased to change the
Hebrew name of Kais to the Arab one of Abdur Rashid- "the
servant of the true guide" - and, exhorting him to strive in the
conversion of his people, conferred on him the title of "Pahtan," -a
term which the Afghan book-makers explain to be a Syrian word
signifying the rudder of a ship, as the new proselyte was henceforth
to be the guide of his people in the way they should go.'
Page 17. 'At what period the Afghans of Ghor moved forward
and settled in the Kandahar country, which is now their home, is not
known. It appears, however, from the writings of the early
Muhammadan historians, that in the first century of their era .... '
Page 19. 'Kais, they say, married a daughter of that Khalid-bin-

Walfd who brought his people the first tidings of the Prophet and his
doctrine, and by her he had three sons, whom he named respectively,
Saraban, Batan, and Ghurghusht ....
The Afghans Proper-the Bani Israfl, as they call themselves in
special distinction to all other divisions of the nation-class
themselves as the descendants of Saraban through his two sons,
Sharjyun and Khrishyun.'
Page 24. 'By Muhammadans of Asia Minor and the Western

countries the Afghan is usually called Sulemani.'
18
The Cyclopmdia of India and of Eastern and Southern
Asia, by Surgeon General Edward Balfour, vol. I, Third

134 Jesus in India
Edition (Bernard Quaritch, London 1885)

page 31 (Under the heading 'Afghanistan'): 'Pukhtun is the
national appellation of the Afghans proper; but Afghans and Pathans
also designate themselves Ban-i-Israel, and some claim direct descent
from Saul, king of Israel. Pukhtun is the individual, and Pukhtana
the collective name of the Afghans. This word is described as of
Hebrew (Ibrani) origin, though some of them say it has a Syrian
(Suriani) source, and signifies delivered, set free. The term Afghan is
also said to have the same signification. One tradition is that the
mother of Afghan or Afghana, on his being born exclaimed,
'Afghana', 'I am free,' and gave him this name; another tradition is
that in the pangs of labour she exclaimed: 'Afghan, Afghan,' or
'Fighan, Fighan,' words which in the Persian mean woe! grief! alas!
Afghan is claimed as the designation only of the descendants of Kais.
The term Pathan is said to be from Pihtan, a titular appellation
alleged to have been bestowed by Mahomed on an Afghan called
Kais.
Their origin is involved in obscurity. But several writers
consider them to be descendants of one of the ten tribes of Israel; and
this is an opinion of some Afghans themselves. A few authors
consider that this nation is not of Jewish origin, but that those who
introduced the Mahomedan religion amongst them were converted
Jews.'
Page 34. 'Among the Yusufzai, no man sees his wife till the
marriage ceremonies are completed; and with all the Bardurani there
is great reserve between the time when the parties are betrothed and
the marriage. Some of them live with their future father-in-law, and
earn their bread by their services, as Jacob did Rachel, without ever
seeing the object of their wishes .....
Among the Afghans, as among the Jews, it is thought incumbent
on the brother of the deceased to marry his widow, and it is a mortal
affront to the brother for any other person to marry her without his
consent.'

14
Narrative of a Mission to Bokhara, in the years 1843-
1845, to ascertain the Fate of Colonel Stoddart and
Captain Conolly, by the Rev. Joseph Wolff, D.D. LL.D.,
Vol. 1, second edition, revised (John W. Parker, London
!1845) M.DCCC.XLV.)
Page 7. 'From various conversations with Affghauns in
Khorassaun and elsewhere, I learnt that some of them are proud of
an origin from the children of Israel, but I doubt the truth of that
partial tradition.'
Page 13. 'All the Jews of Turkistaun assert that the Turkomauns
are the descendants of Togarmah, one of the sons of Gomer,
mentioned in Genesis x. 3.'
Pages 14-16. 'The Jews in Bokhara are 10,000 in number. The
chief rabbi assured me that Bokhara is the Habor, and Balkh the
Halah, of the 2nd Kings, xvii.6; but that in the reign of Genghis Khan
they lost all their written accounts. At Balkh the Mussulman mullahs
assured me that it was built by a son of Adam, that its first name had
been Hanakh, and afterwards Halah, though later writers called it
Balakh, or Balkh. The Jews, both of Balkh and Samarcand, assert that
Tllrkistaun is the land of Nod, and Balkh where Nod "once
stood." ...... The tradition is an old one at Bokhara, that some of the
Ten Tribes are in China. I tried the Jews here on various points of
Scriptural interpretation, particularly that important one in Isaiah
vii.14 -- i11::l?,l) Virgin. They translated it as we Christians do, and
they are in total ignorance of the important controversy between
Jews and Christians on that point.
I obtained a passport from the King after this most interesting
sojourn, and then crossed the Oxus, and arrived after a few days at
Balkh; and from that city, where I also communed with the dispersed
of Israel, I proceeded to Muzaur ....... Some Affghauns claim a descent
from Israel. According to them, Affghaun was the nephew of Asaph,
the son of Berachia, who built the Temple of Solomon. The

136 Jesus in India
descendants of this Affghaun, being Jews, were carried into Babylon

by Nebuchadnezzar, from whence they were removed to the
mountain of Ghoree, in Affghanistaun, but in the time of
Muhammed turned Muhammedans. They exhibit a book, Majmooa
Alansab, or Collection of Genealogies, written in Persian.'
Page 17. 'Hence I passed to Peshawr. Here I had also the
singular book read to me of the origin of the Affghauns, the Poshtoo
Book of Khan Jehaun Loote. The account in this book agrees with
that given in the MSS., Teemur Nameh and Ketaub Ansabee Muhakkek
Toose. I thought the general physiognomy not Jewish, but I was
wonderfully struck with the resemblance that the Youssuf Szeye and
the Khaibaree, two of their tribes, bear to the Jews. The Kaffre Seeah
Poosh, if Affghauns, vary widely from the rest of their nation. Many
travellers have thought them the descendants from Alexander's
army, but they do not say so.'
Page 18. 'I always thought that the Kaffre Seeah Poosh were
descendants of Israel; and some of the learned Jews of Samarcand are
of my opinion.'
Pages 19-20. 'Captain Riley, I was surprised to find, looked on
the Affghauns as of Jewish descent.'
Page 58. 'I spent six days with the children of Rechab (Beni
Arhab) ...... With them were children of Israel of the tribe of Dan,
who reside near Terim in Hatramawt, who expect, in common with
the children of Rechab, the speedy arrival of the Messiah in the
clouds of heaven.'
Page 131. 'It is very remarkable that the Prophet Ezekiel, in the
twenty-seventh chapter, fourteenth verse, gives an exact description
of the trade carried on by the Ttlrkomauns with the inhabitants of
Bokhara, Khiva, and Khokand. The Prophet says: "They of the house
of Togarmah (i.e. the Ttlrkomauns) traded in thy fairs with horses
and horsemen, and mules." The Ttlrkomauns to this day, like the
Swiss Guards, are mercenaries, and let themselves out for a few

tengas a day. It is also remarkable, that I frequently heard the

Turkomauns call themselves Toghramah, and the Jews call them
Togarmah.
Viewing the hosts of camels coming with merchandise from
Cashmeer, Cabul, Khokand, Khetay, and Orenbourg, the passage of
Isaiah lx.6, comes forcibly on the mind, where the Prophet says: "The
multitude of camels shall cover thee, the dromedaries of Midian and
Ephah; all they from Sheba shall come: they shall bring gold and
incense." Mentioning gold, I must not forget, that near Samarcand
there are gold mines and turquoises.'
Pages 236-237. 'A few words on the Chaldeans in the mountains
of Kurdistaun. These Chaldeans, as the late lamented Dr. Grant well
observed, are of Jewish origin, though I cannot go so far as to affirm
that they are of the Ten Tribes, since they do not know their own
genealogy. They are now mostly Christians ...... They resemble mostly
the Protestants of Germany and England, for they have neither
images nor monasteries, and their priests are married. The episcopal
dignity, however, is hereditary, as well as that of the Patriarch, and at
the time the mother of the patriarch becomes pregnant, she abstains
from drinking wine and eating meat; and in case that a son is born,
he is the patriarch, and if a daughter, she is obliged to observe eternal
virginity.'
15
The Lost Tribes and the Saxons of the East and of the
West, with new Views of Buddhism, and Translations of
Rock-Records in India, by George Moore, M.D.
(Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, London {1861}

138 Jesus in India
MDCCCLXI)
Page 143. 'We are attracted at once to a country of vast
importance in the present aspect of the East, and the more interesting
to us, as we there find a people who profess to be the Beni-Israel, or
descendants of the Ten Tribes, namely, Afghanistan and the adjacent
countries.'
Pages 145-146. 'The prominent reasons for thinking that certain
classes of the people of Bokhara and Afghanistan are of Israelitish
origin are these:- 1st • Their personal resemblance to the Hebrew
family. Thus Dr. Wolff, the Jewish missionary, says: "I was
wonderfully struck with the resemblance of the Youssoufszye [tribe
of Joseph], and the Khybere, two of their tribes, to the Jews."
Moorcroft also says of the Khyberes, "They are tall, and of singularly
Jewish cast of features." 2nd . They have been named by themselves
Beni-Israel, children of Israel, from time immemorial. 3rd . The names
of their tribes are Israelitish, especially that of Joseph, which includes
Ephraim and Manasseh. In the Book of Revelation the tribe of Joseph
stands for Ephraim. (Rev. vii. 6,8.) In Numbers xxxvi.5, Moses speaks
of Manasseh as "the tribe of the sons of Joseph;" so that it is clear that
both Manasseh and Ephraim were known by the name of the tribe of
Joseph. 4th . The Hebrew names of places and persons in Afghanistan
are of far greater frequency than can be accounted for through
Mahometan association; and, indeed, these names existed before the
Afghans became Mahometans. 5th . All accounts agree that they
inhabited the mountains of Ghore from a very remote antiquity. It is
certain that the princes of Ghore belonged to the Afghan tribe of
Sooree, and that their dynasty was allowed to be of very great
antiquity even in the eleventh century. "They seem early to have
possessed the mountains of Solimaun or Solomon, comprehending
all the southern mountains of Afghanistan." (Elphinstone.) 6th •
Afghan is the name given to their nation by others, the name they
give their nation is Pushtoon, and Drs. Carey and Marshman assert
that the Pushtoon language has more Hebrew roots than any other.'

I Jesus in India 1s9 1
Pages 147-148. 'The antiquity of the name of the country Cabul,

or Cabool, is then established; and it is also shown that some peculiar
people known as "The Tribes," and "The Noble Tribes," dwelt there
at a very remote period. There is, therefore, good evidence that the
present inhabitants of Cabul may be justified in asserting that from
the earliest period of history they and their ancestors have occupied
Cabul, and that from time immemorial they have been known as
"The Tribes." That is to say, Israelitish tribes, such as they now
assume themselves to be ..... According to Sir W. Jones, the best
Persian authorities agree with them in their account of their origin;
and resident and competent authorities, such as Sir John Malcolm,
and the missionary Mr. Chamberlain, after full investigation, assure
us that many of the Afghans are undoubtedly of the seed of
Abraham.'
The Works of Flavius Josephus; comprising the

Antiquities of the Jews; a History of the Jewish Wars, and
Life of Flavius Josephus; Written by Himself. Translated
by William Whiston, AM., Professor of mathematics in
the University of Cambridge (Willoughby & Co. London
1840)
Page 223. ' ... the ten tribes are beyond Euphrates till now, and
are an immense multitude, and not to be estimated by numbers.'
17
A personal narrative of a visit to Ghuzni, Kabul, and
Afghanistan, and of a Residence at the Court of Dost
Mohamed: with Notices of Runjit Sing, Khiva, and the
Russian Expedition, by G. T. Vigne Esq. F.G.S.
(Whittaker & Co. London 1840)
Pages 166-167. 'Moollah Khoda Dad, a person learned in the

140 Jesus in India
history of his countrymen, read to me, from the Mujma-ul-Unsab

(collection of genealogies), the following short account of their origin.
They say, that the eldest of Jacob's sons was Judah, whose eldest son
was Osruk, who was the father of Oknur, the father of Moalib, the
father of Farlai, the father of Kys, the father of Talut, the father of
Ermiah, the father of Afghana, whence the name of Afghans. He was
contemporary with Nebuchadnezzar, called himself Bin-i-Israel, and
had forty sons, whose names there is no occasion to insert. His thirty-
fourth descendant, in a direct line, after a period of two thousand
years, was Kys. From Kys, who lived in the time of the prophet
Mahomed, there have been sixty-six generations. Sulum, the eldest
son of Afghana, who lived at Sham [Damascus], left that place, and
came to Ghura Mishkon, a country near Herat; and his descendants
gradually extended themselves over the country now called
Afghanistan.'
18
A Cyclopa,dia of Geography Descriptive and Physical,
forming a New General Gazetteer of the World and
Dictionary of Pronunciation, by James Bryce, M.A.,
F.G.S. (Richard Griffin and Co. London and Glasgow
1856)
page 11. 'The name Afghan is not used by the people
themselves; they call themselves Pooshtoon, and in the plural
Pooshtauneh, from which, perhaps, comes the name Putan, or Patan,
given to them in India. They trace their origin to Saul, King of Israel,
calling themselves, Ben-i-Israel. According to Sir A. Burnes, their
tradition is, that they were transplanted by the King of Babylon from
the Holy Land to Ghore, lying to the N.W. of Cabool, and lived as
Jews till AD. 682, when they were converted to Mahometanism by
an Arab chief, Khaled-ibn-Abdalla, who had married a daughter of
an Afghan chief. No historical evidence has ever been adduced in
support of this origin, and it is perhaps a mere invention, founded

upon the facts mentioned in 2 Kings xviii.11. However this may be,
all travellers agree that the people differ strikingly from the
neighbouring nations; and have, among themselves, one common
origin. They are said, by some, to resemble Jews very much in form
and feature; and they are divided into several tribes, inhabiting
separate territories, and remaining almost unmixed.'
19
History of Afghanistan, from the Earliest Period to the
Outbreak of the War of 1878, by Colonel G. B. Malleson,
C.S.I. (W.H. Allen & Co. London, 1878)
Page 39. 'I turn now to the people of Afghanistan, to the tribes
who occupy the country, and who command the passes. The subject
has been treated at great length by Mountstuart Elphinstone, by
Ferrier-who quotes largely from Abdullah Khan, of Herat,-by
Bellew, and by many others.
Following Abdullah Khan and other Afghan writers, Ferrier is
disposed to believe that the Afghans represent the lost ten tribes, and
to claim for them descent from Saul, King of Israel. Amongst other
writers concurring in this view may be mentioned the honoured
name of Sir William Jones. On the other hand, Professor Dorn, of
Kharkov, who examined the subject at length, rejects this theory.
Mountstuart Elphinstone classes it in the same category as the theory
of the descent of the Romans from the Trojans. The objections to
Abdullah Khan's view have been recently expressed, fittingly and
forcibly, by Professor Dowson, in a letter to the Times. "If," writes
that gentleman, "it were worthy of consideration, it is still
inconsistent with the notion that the Afghans are descendants of the
lost ten tribes. Saul was of the tribe of Benjamin, and that tribe was
not one of the lost ten. There remains the question of feature. This, no
doubt, has its weight, but cannot prevail against the more important
question of language." Professor Dowson then proceeds to show that
the Afghan language has no trace of Hebrew in it, and concludes by

142 Jesus in India
pronouncing the supposition that in the course of time the whole

Afghan race could have changed their language as "too incredible."
20
History of the Afghans by J. P. Ferrier, translated from
the original unpublished manuscript by Captain William
Jesse (John Murray, London, 1858)
Page 1. ' ... the majority of Eastern writers consider them to be

the descendants of one of the ten tribes of Israel- and this is the
opinion of the Afghans themselves.'
Page 4. ' ... the Afghans, however, think that they have evidence
of their Jewish origin in the following tradition. When Nadir Shah,
marching to the conquest of India, arrived at Peshawur, the chiefs of
the tribe of Yoosoofzyes presented him with a Bible written in
Hebrew, and several articles that had been used in their ancient
worship which they had preserved; these articles were at once
recognised by the Jews who followed the camp.'
Page 6. 'Being incompetent to decide which is right, we shall
adopt the opinion of Abdullah Khan of Herat as the one most
deserving of credit, and we will precede it by giving his view of the
manner in which the Afghans were brought to Afghanistan. The
following is a translation of his manuscript:
" ..... Malek Thalut (Saul) king of the Jews had two sons, Afghan
and Djalut- the first was the father of the Afghan nation and gave
his name to it. After the reigns of David and Solomon, who
succeeded Saul, anarchy divided the Jewish tribes, and this
continued to the period at which Bouktun Nasr took Jerusalem,
massacred 70,000 Jews, and after destroying that city led the
surviving inhabitants captives to Babylon. Subsequently to this
disaster the Afghan tribe, struck with terror, fled from Judea and
settled in Arabia: here they remained some considerable time, but as
pasturage and water were scarce, and both man and beast suffered

Jesus in India 143
extreme privation, some of the tribe determined to emigrate to

Hindostan. The branch of the Abdalees continued to reside in Arabia,
and during the caliphat of Aboo Bekr their chiefs allied themselves to
a powerful sheikh, by name Khaled ibn Velid, of the tribe of Korech .
.. . . . at the period when the Arabs subjugated Persia the Abdalees left
Arabia and settled in this new conquest, establishing themselves in
the provinces of Fars and Kerman, and here they remained until
Genghis Khan invaded those districts. The tyrannical proceedings of
this conqueror weighed with such terrible effect on the population,
that the Abdalees quitted Persia and, passing by the Mekrane,
Scinde, and Mooltan, arrived in India; but the results of this new
migration were not more fortunate, for they were scarcely settled
here when their neighbours made war upon, and forced them to
leave the plains and inhabit the rugged mountains of Suleiman,
considered as the cradle of the tribe, and called by them Kooh-
Khasseh. The whole Afghan nation was brought together by the
arrival of the Abdalees in the Suleiman mountains, and then
consisted of twenty-four tribes, of which, as it has been already
observed, Afghan, the son of Saul, was the father: this prince had
three sons, named Tsera-Bend, Argoutch, and Kerlen, and each of
them was the father of eight sons, who gave their names to the
twenty-four tribes.
"The following is the manner in which they are classed:-
Sons of Tsera-Bend Names of the Tribes

Abdal Abdalees
Yoosoof Y oosoofzyes
Baboor Baboorees
Wezir Wezirees
Lohooan Lohooanees
Beritch Beritchees
Khooguian Khooguianees
Chiran Chiranees
Sons of Argoutch Names of the Tribes

Ghildj Ghildjzyes
Kauker Kaukerees
Djumourian Djumourianees
Storian Storianees
Pen Penees
Kass Kassees
Takan Takanees
Nassar Nassarees
Sons of Kerlen Names of the Tribes
Khattak Khattakees
Soor Soorees
Afreed Afreedees
Toor Toorees
Zaz Zazees
Bab Babees
Benguech Benguechees
Lendeh-poor Lendeh-poorees'
21
History of the Afghans translated from the Persian of
Neamet Ullah, by Bernhard Dorn, Ph.D. FOR. M.R.A.S.
M.T.C., Part 1 & 2 (J. Murray, London, 1829)
Part 1- page 23. 'Davud treated the two afflicted widows with
the utmost kindness; and Heaven blessed them each with an
accomplished son, born at the same hour; of whom the one was
called Berkhia; the other, Ermia ......
Each of them was blessed with an accomplished son. Berkhia
called his Asif: Ermia's son was called Afghana.'
Page 24. 'God blessed Asif with eighteen, and Afghana with
forty sons; whose posterity, but more particularly that of the latter,
continued increasing in such a degree, that no tribe of the Israelites
equalled them.'
Page 25. '.. ... God permitted Bokhtnasser to subjugate the
territories of Sham, to rase Jerusalem, and vanquish the Israelites, so
as to carry their families into captivity and slavery, and drive all
those who had faith in the Tora into exile; ...... He reduced the whole

Jesus in India 145
of Sham to his subjection; carrying away the Israelites, whom he

settled in the mountainous districts of Chor, Ghazneen, Kabul,
Candahar, Koh Firozeh, .... '
Page 37. 'Mestoufi, the author of the Tareekh Kozeida, and the
author of the Mujmul Ansab, furnish the following records. When
the lustre of Mohammed's charming countenance had arisen, and
Khaled had been ennobled by embracing the Mohammedan faith, a
large number of Arabs and various people repaired to Medina, and
were induced, by the splendor of the Mohammedan light, to embrace
Islamism. At this time, Khaled sent a letter to the Afghans who had
been settled in the mountainous countries about Chor ever since the
time of the expulsion of the Israelites by Bokhtnasser, and informed
them of the appearance of the last of the Prophets. On this letter
reaching them, several of their chiefs departed for Medina; the
mightiest of whom, and of the Afghan people, was Kais, whose
pedigree ascends in a series of thirty-seven degrees to Talut of forty-
five to Ibrahim, and of six hundred and three to Adam. The author of
the Mujmul Ansab traces it as follows:- Pedigree of Abd Ulrasheed
Kais, who is known by the surname Pathan: Kais ben Isa, ben Salool,
ben Otba, ben Naeem, ben Morra, ben Gelundur, ben Iskunder, ben
Reman, ben Ain, ben Mehlool, ben Salem, ben Selah, ben Farood, ben
Ghan, ben Fahlool, ben Karam, ben Amal, ben Hadifa, ben Minhal,
ben Kais, ben Ailem, ben Ismuel, ben Hamn, ben Kumrood, ben Abi,
ben Zaleeb, ben Tullal, ben Levi, ben Amel, ben Tarej, ben Arzund,
ben Mundool, ben Saleem, ben Afghana, ben Irmia, ben Sarool,
called Melik (King) Talut, ben Kais, ben Otba, ..... '
Page 38. 'The Prophet lavished all sorts of blessings upon them;
and having ascertained the name of each individual, and remarked
that Kais was an Hebrew name, whereas they themselves were
Arabs, he gave Kais the name Abd Ulrasheed ........ their attachment
to the Faith would, in strength, be like the wood upon which they lay
the keel when constructing a ship, which wood the seamen call
Pathan: on this account he conferred upon Abd Ulrasheed the title of

146 Jesus in India
Pa than also .....

The Prophet at length dismissed Abd Ulrasheed to return to
Ghor and the adjacent Kohistan, there to propagate the new faith,
and to direct the infidels to it.'
Part 2- page 63 (Under word 'Suleimani'). 'Muhabbat Khan tells

us, that they are called so by the Arabs in consequence of their
belonging to the adherents and followers of King Solomon.'
Pages 63-64. 'Bani Afghanah, Bani Afghan; that is, Children of
Asif, Israel, Afghanah, or Afghan. These names are mentioned by
Fareed Uddeen Ahmad, in his Risalah Ansab Afaghinah, where we
find the following passage:-"When, in the course of time,
Bokhtnassr the magician, who subdued the Bani Israel and the
territories of Syria, and sacked Jerusalem, led the Children of Israel
into captivity and slavery, and carried off with him several tribes of
this people who were attached to the Law of Moses, and ordered
them to adore him for God, and to abandon the creed of their fathers,
they did not consent to this: upon which, he put two thousand of the
wisest and most skilful of them to death, and ordered the rest to quit
Syria and his dominions. Part of them, who had a chief, were led by
him out of Bokhtnassr's dominions, and conducted to the Kohistan of
Ghor, where their descendants settled. Their number increased daily;
and people called them Bani Israel, Bani Asif, and Bani Afghanah."
Page 64. 'Fareed Uddeen Ahmed, in the beginning of his
discourse, says on this point: "Concerning the denomination,
'Afghan,' some have written, that they, after their expulsion, ever
bearing in mind their wonted abode, uttered bewailings and
lamentations (.'.JL....;.;I Afghan), and were on that account called
'Afghan."' See Sir J. Malcolm's History of Persia, Vol. I. p. 101, where
the same derivation of this word is mentioned ....
Farid Uddeen Ahmed mentions, that in standard works, as in
the Tareekh Afghani, Tareekh Chari, and others, it is asserted that the
Afghans were, for the greater part, Israelites, and some Copts. See
also Abul Fazl, P. ii. p. 178: "Some Afghans consider themselves to be

of Egyptian extraction; asserting, that when the Children of Israel

returned from Jerusalem to Egypt, this tribe emigrated to
Hindoostan."
Page 65. 'The Afghans, according to almost all the Oriental
historians, believe themselves to be descended from the Jews; an
opinion that was even adopted, or considered probable, by some
modern writers ...... The use of Jewish names, which the Afghans
employ, is undoubtedly attributable to their being Mussulmans .....
The only proof that might be adduced in favour of their pretended
Jewish extraction, is the striking likeness of the Afghan features to
the Jewish; which has been admitted, even by such as do not pay the
least attention to their claim to a Jewish origin. Sir John Malcolm's
words on this subject are: "Although their right to this proud descent
(from the Jews) is very doubtful, it is evident, from their personal
appearance, and many of their usages, that they are a distinct race
from the Persians, Tartars, and Indians; and this alone seems to give
some credibility to a statement which is contradicted by many strong
facts, and of which no direct proof has been produced. If an inference
could be drawn from the features of a nation resembling those of
another, the Cashmirians would certainly, by their Jewish features,
prove a Jewish origin, which not only Bernier, but Forster, and
perhaps others, have remarked."
Pages 65-66. 'Now, although Forster does not approve of the
opinion of Bernier, tracing the descent of the Cashmirians to the
exiled Jewish tribes, yet he confesses, that, when among the
Cashmirians, he thought himself to be amongst a nation of Jews.'
22
Dictionary of Geography, Descriptive, Physical,
Statistical, And Historical, Forming a Complete General
Gazetteer of the World, By Alex. Keith Johnston,
F.R.S.E., F.R.G.S., F.G.S., Second Edition, thoroughly
revised and corrected (Longman, Brown, Green, and

Longmans, London {1855) MDCCLV)

Page 250 (Under word 'Cashmere'): 'The natives are of a tall robust
frame of body, with manly features-the women full-formed and
handsome, with aquiline nose and features, resembling the Jewish.'

Index
Abdali believed in Jesus ......... 60
twenty-four tribes of. 114 earliest Muslims among
Abu Bakr .................................. 109
Afghans in Arabia during have a tradition that they
Khilafat of ................ 114 are the ten lost tribes of
Abu Raihan ....................... 69 Israel .............. 110
Afghan surprising resemblance
appears to be of Hebrew to the Jews in
origin meaning 'brave' 80 features .............. 119
are of Jewish origin ... 119 Ahadith
people are descended on Jesus being Saved
from the Beni- from Cross ...... 62, 63
Israel ................. 113 Ahl-e-Hadith
people's own view is that books on imminence of
they are of Jewish the appearance of
origin ................ 118 bloodthirsty Mahdi ....... 8
Afghanistan double life under British
Jesus came to .............. 80 government.. ................. 7
reason why Jesus chose Ahmadas, Hadhrat Mirza
Afghan route to Ghulam
Kashmir. ......... 80, 81 acceptance of prayer. .. 35
Afghans breaking of the cross by,
appearance similar to .................................... 99
jews .......................... 111 divine revelations. 12, 36
are Israelites, like the love for Jesus .............. 50
Kashmiris ................... 81 opposed by all major
are really the Beni- religions ...................... 35
Israel ................. 121 Promised Messiah and
are the descendants of Mahdi ............. 12, 15, 42
the ten lost tribes ... 113

150 Index
prophecy about Lekh- Muslim and Christian

Ram ............................ 36 theories about ..... 3, 5, 72
purpose of writing this no eye-witness account
book .............................. 1 of ................................ 52
resemblances with Jesus refutation of ........ 24, 122
Christ.. ........................ 33 Atonement
sent by God to lead to evidence in this book
Him ............................. 13 invalidates .................. 27
visions of, ................... 40 Avicenna ...... See Bu Ali Sina
Alai Kohistan Babylon ............................ 120
people of, call Bagwa Metteyya
themselves Bani Israel prophecy about, fulfilled
.................................. 108 in Jesus ....................... 95
Alexander the Great. ...... 120 Barachias ........................... 38
Allah the Almighty Barnabas, Gospel of
Divine wisdom in giving denies death of Jesus on
more than one name to cross, .......................... 22
someone ..................... 83 historical value of, ...... 23
like the shape of every Benares .............................. 89
sphere which He has Jesus may have been to
created, His own being is .................................... 81
Bernier, (Dr.)
One ............................. 13
asserts that dress,
permits darkness but
features and rituals of
loves Unity ................. 74
Kashmiris prove their
rates human life higher
Israelite origin .......... 108
than all other animals ... 2
on the Kashmiris being,
support to the Holy
in reality, the Jews ...... 18
Prophet'a ....................... 9
Bilaad-i-Shaam (Syria etc.)
Amritsar ............................ 35
Angel denotes the 'earth' in
appearance to Pilate's prophecy about second
wife ............................. 26 coming ........................ 45
Ascension of Jesus Bin Yamin

I Index 1s1 1
Afghans may be ............................... 83

descendants of .......... 110 Caesar
Bloodthirsty Mahdi Pilate' s fear of ............ 31
absurd to await the China
appearance of ............. 11 Jewish tribes settled in
damage done by belief in .......................... 110, 111
...................................... 2 Christians
popular Muslim belief did not consider
about. ........................ 4, 6 significance of curse
Bokhtnasser .. .See when inventing this
Nebuchadnezzar belief........................... 19
Books of Medicine the greatest sympathy to
evidence of Jesus' .................................... 13
deliverance in ............. 65 Clark, Dr. Martin
Bu Ali Sina .................. 69, 70 false charge of attempted
Buddha murder against Promised
beliefs of.................. 104 Messiah ...................... 35
false stories ascribed to Coercion
.................................. 102 cannot be permitted for
on the nature of Hell. 106 conversion .................... 6
parables of ...... 89, 90, 91 Compulsion
phases of the life of .. 105 not allowed in religious
prophecy about the matters according to
Messiah .......... 92, 96, 97 Islam ............... 8, 11
similarity to Jesus .. 83, 85 Conversion
86,88,89,90,91,92, of people by force is not
103, 104 allowed in Islam ..... 11
Buddhism Creation
many details Buddhistic account same
incorporated after Jesus' as the one given in the
visit to India after the Torah ........................ 103
crucifixion .................. 88 Cross
Buddhist Records cry of Jesus on ............ 34
evidence of Jesus' travels

152 Index
was not like the present Golgotha ...................... 61, 62

day gallows ................ 24 Gospels
David ......................... 113 account given of Jesus
Douglas, Capt. W .............. 36 unworthy of a righteous
Elijah person ......................... 53
second coming of Jesus claims of Jesus in ....... 20
like .............................. 42 clearly point out that
Emmaus ............................. 51 Jesus did not die on the
disciples spent the night cross ........................... 51
with Jesus in ............... 28 divided into two parts .. 22
Enoch .... See Prophet IdrisAs evidence of Jesus ... 24, 25
Euphrates .................. 79, 111 exeggerations in ......... 52
Evangelists
inauthentic records in. 53
exaggerations of ......... 52
interpolation in ..... 53, 54
Faaraabi, Abu Nasr ......... 69
Matthew 12 verse 40
Fourteenth century
disproves ascension of
has the inherent quality
Jesus ........................... 17
of religious strife ........ 32
Galilee .............. 51, 55, 56, 66 moral teachings similar
Jesus met disciples in his to Buddhism ............... 88
mortal, physical body at story of saints coming
.................................... 28 out of graves has no
Jesus was seen on the historic basis ............... 46
road to ........................ 23 two kinds of prophecies
travel of Jesus to ......... 21 of the second coming in
Genghis Khan .............. 114 .................................... 42
conquest of Afghanistan use of metaphors in .... 23
by .............................. 109 words suggesting death
Ghor ............. 108, 109,110, of Jesus on cross a
111, 112, 116, 117 mistake of evangelists 22
Gilgit .................................. 62 Greek ......... 66, 69, 70, 71, 79
proof that it was visited Gurdaspur ......................... 35
by Jesus ...................... 83 H. W. Bellews C.S.I
God Almighty ...... See Allah assertion that Afghans
the Almighty came from Syria ....... 108

I Index 1sa 1
Hams Jesus' journey to ... 80, 81,

proof that it was visited 87,89,90, 121,122
by Jesus ...................... 83 Jewish tribes settled in ....
Hazara district 18, .... 113, 114, 118, 121
tribe in, which claims to Iran
belong to the house of Jewish tribes settled in
Israel.. ....................... 108 .................................. 111
Heavenly signs IsaKhel
in support of Promised possibly descendants of
Messiah ...................... 13 Jesus ........................... 81
Hebrew .............. 62, 102, 113 Islamic law ......... See Shariah
Herat ................ 109, 112, 113 Jerusalem ...... 39, 41, 52, 66,
Herod ................................. 59 79,111
Herodotus ........................ 120 sacking of ................. 11 7
Historical Writings Jesus Christ, the Messiah As
evidence that coming of account presented in
Jesus to the Punjab etc. Gospels unworthy of a
inevitable .................. 106 righteous person ......... 53
Holy Qur'an accusations levelled
bloodshed absolutely against ........................ 60
against teachings of, ..... 8 being a traveller well
does not permit proved by Islamic history
conversion by force, ... 11 .................................... 83
on Jesus being saved Christian belief about
from cross ................... 57 second coming .............. 4
prophecy that God would Christian doctrine
clear Jesus of false derogatory to his claims
charges ....................... 61 and spiritual eminence 20
Hunain bin Is'haq ............. 69 cruel and unfair to call
India ................... 69, 113, 120
him cursed .................. 19
Afghans and Kashmiris did not die on the cross
of, are the Beni- .............................. 14, 51
Israel ................. 121
divine plan to save 25, 59

154 Index
downgrading of the was destined to make

status of ...................... 43 journey to meet the lost
escape from cross no less tribes ........................... 18
than a miracle ............. 21 was spared the unclean
evidence in this book consequence of death on
invalidates divinity of. 27 cross ........................... 21
exaggerations about the Jesus' tomb
status of ...................... 43 in Srinagar .................. 23
given the name Messiah Jews
due to his righteousness appearance similar to the
.................................... 82 Afghans .................... 111
himself proved that he built large tombs ......... 29
did not die on the cross condemned Jesus as a
.................................... 56 rebel. ........................... 31
how can we believe that did not kill Jesus ... 58, 59
Jesus was accursed? ... 20 downgrading the status
Muslims belief about of Jesus ....................... 43
second coming of..4, 5 expected Messiah in the
met the ten lost tribes of 14th century ................. 32
Israel in Punjab ...... 59 failed to crucify Jesus to
positively intimated that death ........................... 37
he would not die on the Kashmiris descended
cross ........................... 17 from ............................ 18
prayers of deliverance killed some prophets .. 38
from cross could not lost tribes of ...... 59, 111,
have gone unaccepted 33 113, 119
prophecy of similarity mistakenly believed that
with prophet Jonah they killed Jesus ......... 59
fulfilled ....................... 18 Jihad
refutation of his bringing false concept of ...... 2, 7,
dead to life .................. 49 8,36
similarity to Buddha ... 83, true Islamic concept ..... 3
88 John

I Index 155 1
had no time to pray for similarity of features of,

his end had arrived ..... 37 with Jewish
Joseph of Arimathea ........ 30 features .............. 119
care of Jesus after Khalid bin Walid ... 109, 110,
crucifixion .................. 32 112,114,117
Judas Iscariot King Saul
Jesus arrested and Afghans trace their
crucified, owing to his genealogy to ............. 112
betrayal by .................. 17 King Shalmaneser ............. 79
Kabul ...................... 108, 112 Koh Sulaiman ................. 114
inhabitants around, call La!nat
themselves Israelites. 108 meanings of.. .............. 19
Kalima Latin ................................... 69
a symbol of decisive LekhRam
victory of True God .... 75 prophecy of Promised
Kandhar ..................... 109 Messiah ...................... 36
Kanz-ul-Ummal Lhasa
Ahadith about name of Hebrew origin
Jesus'travel.. ......... 62, 63 .................................... 62
Kashf proved that it was visited
seen by some holy men by Jesus ...................... 83
after the crucifixion .... 50 Lisaan-ul-Arab
Kashmir Jesus named 'Messiah',
Jesus' journey to ...... 79, because he travelled
80,81,83,99, 122 ................................... 82
Jesus' tomb in ..... 14, 23, Lost sheep of Israel
29,61 identity of ......... 107, 113
Jewish tribes in ... 18, 108 mission of Jesus to ... 107
resembles Shaam ........ 81 Mahdi
route of Jesus' journey to concept of bloodthirsty,
.................................... 79 against the Holy Quran,
Kashmiris authentic Ahadith and
are really the Beni- the practice of the Holy
Israel ................. 121 Prophetsa ............. .. 8

156 Index
not supposed to go on a Afghan chiefs' homage

killing spree .............. 100 to ............................... 117
Magdaliyana/ attempts at the life of .... 8
Magdalena ............... 102 forgave his enemies ...... 9
Makran his companions'
Jewish tribes settled in unparalleled loyalty and
.................................. 114 steadfastness ............... 11
Marham-i-Isa ..... .. 65, 66, 69, never used force to
70 spread Islam ................. 9
list of books containing a
prophecy about the
mention of... 66, 67, 68 Afghans .................... 109
Mary Magdalene
prophecy about the
informed disciples that
Promised Messiah ..... 73,
Jesus was alive ........... 27
Maulvis ..See Muslim Clerics
100
Mecca ................................. 35 resemblance to Moses. 33
Media ......................... 79, 108 revealed the truth about
Messiah Jesus ................... 62, 63
biblical prophecy about sufferings in Mecca ...... 8
the coming of.............. 44 the plot to assassinate
Messiah Buddha him ............................. 35
awaited by Budhists ... 87 Multan
Metteyya Jewish tribes settled in
Buddhist belief about the .................................. 114
role of ......................... 93 Muslim Clerics
in Pali means the same as deterioration in the moral
Mashiha in Hebrew .... 92 fiber of .......................... 8
undoubtedly means grossly mistaken in the
Messiah ............... 94 interpretation of this
Miracles and works of Jesus prophecy of the Holy
gross exaggerations Prophet'a ................... 100
about. .......................... 22 resemblance of Muslim
Muhammad, the Holy clerics with Jewish ..... 33
Prophet"a Muslims

I Index 1s7 1
Moral conditions Title given to Qais by

influenced by belief Holy Prophet sa ......... 109
about life of Jesus ......... 1 Palestine ............................. 98
need to dispel false hopes Pali ..................................... 60
of blood-thirsty Mahdi 14 Parables
Reasons for moral Jesus' method of moral
degradation ................... 2 teachings ..................... 89
Nadir Shah ...................... 113 of Buddha ................... 91
Nanak, Guru of the judge who feared
story of bringing a dead neither God nor man ... 34
elephant to life ............ 50 Paul .................................... 40
Nasibain ............................. 80 Persia ................. 80, 108, 111
arrival of Jesus in ....... 77 Peshawar
location of .................. 79 Bible was presented to
Nebuchadnezzar .................. . Nadir Shah by the chiefs
(Bokhtanasser) ......... 108, of the Y oosoofzyes
110, 111, 112, 113, 116, at.. ... 113
117,120 Pharmacopoeias
Nepal in several languages
blessed footprints of record the ointment of
Jesus on the rocky soil of Jesus ........................... 65
.................................... 99 Pilate ................ 32, 51, 55, 59
Jesus may have been to did not desire Jesus to
.................................... 81 suffer crucifixion ........ 31
New Testament. .... ..See also his wife's dream ....... 26,
Gospels 31,58
evidence that Jesus was testimonial of the words
neither accursed nor of ................................ 29
went to hell for three used a subterfuge to
days ............................ 21 release Jesus ............... 31
Ointment of Jesus ........ .See Prayer
Marham-i-Isa acceptance of ...... 33, 34,
Pahtaan 35,37

I 158 Index
Promised Messiah ......... See on lost tribes ............. 111

Ahmad88 , Hadhrat Mirza Rahula ............................. 102
Ghulam Rahulta .................... 101, 102
Prophet Ezra As Rajput ...................... 120, 121
escape of.. ................. 111 Rauzat-us-Safaa ...... ... 77, 79
Prophet Hosea As ............. 111 historical account of
Prophet Idris As (Enoch) .. 108 Jesus' travel.. .............. 77
Prophet Jonah As Ruhullah ..................... 102
similarity with Jesus ... 17 Sabbath .............................. 58
truth about the sign of 17 Salvation
Prophet Moses As ......... 32, 35 irrational Christian belief
Prophet Solomon AS about. .......................... 20
similar episodes about, in Saul (Talutffhalut) ....... 112,
Buddhism and 113,116,117
Christianity ............... 103 Saviour
Prophet Zacharias As ........ 38 Buddha too calls himself
Punjab ....... 35, 80, 81, 82, 83 .................................. 103
coins bearing Jesus's Scriptures
name and figure heavenly signs the real
discovered in .............. 60 criteria for judging and
graced by Jesus's identifying the true
presence ................ 59, 60 claimant to divine office
Jesus came to .............. 80 .................................... 13
Jesus met the ten lost Shaam/Sham (Syria) ...... 116
tribes oflsrael in ..... 59 Kashmir resembles ..... 81
reason why Jesus travel Shabnisi dynasty ............. 109
was inevitable to ....... 107 Shalikha
Push to ...................... 120, 121 significance of the term
Qaanun by Bu Ali Sina ... 66, .............................. 70, 71
69,70,72 Shalmaneser, King of Assur
Qais .................. 109, 112, 117 captivated and forced ten
Afghans admit that they Jewish tribes to leave
are the descendants of 81 Assur .......................... 18
Quraish ............................ 109 Shariah
Rabbi Bin Yamin

I Index 1s9 1
type of Jihad permitted in Jewish tribes settled in

...................................... 3 .................................. 111
Sindh proved that it was visited
Jewish tribes settled in by Jesus ...................... 83
.................................. 114 teachings and ceremonial
Sir Monier Williams rites of Buddhism in,
on Budhism ................ 84 similar to Christianityl03
Siraaj-ul-Muluk Transmigration of souls
describes Jesus as chief of three kinds, according
of travellers ................ 82 to the Buddha ........... 104
Solomon ........................... 113 Travelling prophet
Spherical shape why Jesus named as ... 62,
denotes Unity and 82,83
Oneness of the Creator 13 True God ..See also Allah the
Srinagar ........... 14, 23, 29, 61 Almighty
Jesus' tomb in ............. 61 transcends the traumas of
Syria ................... 79, 108, 116 birth, death, pain and
T' atirul-Anaam suffering ..................... 13
on interpretation of the Turkish Empire ................ 80
dead coming out of Ulama .... See Muslim Clerics
graves ......................... 51 Visions
Talut(Thalut/ Saul) ....... 112, the nature of................ 40
113, 116, 117 Wahabis
Tartary ...................... 94, 110 belief about Blood-
Tauhid thirsty Mahdi and
concept hijacked by Messiah ........................ 6
misconceptions about life Wars in Islam
of Jesus ......................... 1 three categories of ...... 11
God always supports .. 74
Thabit bin Qurrah ............ 69
Tibet ....................... 18, 94, 97
blessed footprints of
Jesus on the rocky soil of
.................................... 99

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•

Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian

ISLAM INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS LTD.

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First Edition (Urdu): 1908, Qadian

Translated into English from Urdu by the late Qazi Abdul

© Islam International Publications Ltd.

Printed in U.K. at:

ISBN: 1 85372 723 7

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have been to Tibet before the Crucifixion and gone back

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Chaudhry Muhammad Ali

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Publisher's Note iii

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1In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful. [Translator]

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callousness and moral degradation makes many a Muslim

3 Jainism is a religion of Indian origin which forbids harming any living

creatures, whether humans, animals or insects. (Translator)

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sword in religion except in the case of defensive wars, wars

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views of Muslims and Christians is that Christians believe

4 One of the three great Hindu gods. (Translator)

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become Muslims and, if they persist in their disbelief, shall

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will continue to instigate and incite Hadhrat Imam

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punishes only after His message has been fully

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It is because of such beliefs that the moral fiber of these

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was made to murder him. When, however, God's

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losing his life. At this juncture, God Almighty took pity on

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This means that you are simply not allowed to convert

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Messiah. It is impossible that, contrary to the teaching of the

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follows me will be saved from falling into the pits prepared

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with the appearance of a bloodthirsty Mahdi and Messiah.

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7. Testimonies from logical argument.

MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD,

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• Besides these, more Jews were exiled to eastern countries as a result of

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lost sheep of Israel.

• Vide the lexicons: Lisaan-ul-Arab, Sihah Jauhari, Qaamus, Muhit, Taj-