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Algebra Taller 2

The document discusses algebraic expressions and polynomials. It provides examples of simplifying and operating on algebraic expressions and polynomials, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It also discusses determining the domains of functions.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views16 pages

Algebra Taller 2

The document discusses algebraic expressions and polynomials. It provides examples of simplifying and operating on algebraic expressions and polynomials, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It also discusses determining the domains of functions.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

ALGEBRA, TRIGONOMETRIA Y GEOMETRIA ANALITICA.

KAROLIN SALAZAR GONZALEZ


SULEY SALAZAR GONZALEZ

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y ADISTANCIA


FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN
LICENCIATURA EN MATEMÁTICA
CEAD-VALLEDUPAR
2024
Introducción.

Con este trabajo se pretende que cada aprendiz haga uso del

pensamiento funcional y por medio de este llegue a comprender los

conceptos bases del algebra, permitiendo así un mejor entendimiento de

las expresiones algebraicas y los procesos matemáticos que se

presentan en cada situación.

Solución de ecuaciones o términos algebraicos.

1. Desarrolle las siguientes expresiones algebraicas.

1.1. 3¿

3 ( x 2+ 4 )−2 ( x 2−4 )

2 2
3 x +12−2 x +8

2
x + 20

3
1.2. ( x +1 ) −¿

3 2
x +1−x −1−x−1

3 2
x −x −x−1

1.3. ( x +2 ) ( 2 x−3 )+ 2 ( 3−x 2 )

2 2
2 x −3 x + 4 x−6+ 6−2 x

x
1.4. 2
x −¿

2 2
x −x −9−9

−18

1.5. 4 ( x+ 2 )−3 ¿

4 ( x+ 2 )−3 ( x 2+ 4 )

2
4 x+ 2−3 x −12

2
−3 x + 4 x−10

2. De la siguiente lista de polinomio.

R(x )=x 2−4

S(x )=(2 x−3)2

N (x )=x 2−2 x +1

M (x)=x 3+2 x 2+5 x +8

Q(x )=4 x 5−6 x 4 +2 x 3+ 9 x 2−12 x

P(x )=2 x 3−3 x 2+4 x

Realizar las siguientes operaciones:

1. P (x) – N ( x)

2. Q( x)+ R (x)

3. S (x)−M ( x)

4. N (x ). M ( x )
Q(X)
5.
P(x)

2.1. ( 2 x 3−3 x 2+ 4 x )−( x 2−2 x +1 )

3 2 2
2 x −3 x + 4 x−x + 2 x−1

3 2
2 x −4 x +6 x−1

(4 x ¿ ¿5−6 x +2 x + 9 x −12 x )+(x −4)¿


4 3 2 2
2.2.

5 4 3 2 2
4 x −6 x +2 x + 9 x −12 x+ x −4

5 4 3 2
4 x −6 x +2 x +10 x −12 x−4

2.3. ¿

2 3 2
4 x −12 x +9−x + 2 x +5 x +8

3 2
−x +6 x −7 x+ 17

2.4. ( x 2−2 x+ 1 )( x3 +2 x 2+5 x +8 )


6 4 3 2 4 3 2 3 2
x +2 x + 5 x +8 x −2 x −4 x −10 x −16 x+ x +2 x +5 x +8

6 3
x +2 x −11x +8

5 4 3 2
4 x −6 x + 2 x +9 x −12 x
2.5. 3 2
2 x −3 x +4 x
5 4 3 2
4 x −6 x + 2 x +9 x −12 x
3 2
2 x −3 x +4 x

( 4 x 5−6 x 4 +2 x 3−12 x ) +9 x 2
( 2 x 3 + 4 x )−3 x 2

2 x ( 2 x 4−3 x 3+ x2−6 ) +9 x 2
2 x ( x 2+ 2 )−3 x 2
4 3 2
2 x −3 x +10 x −6
2
−2 x +2

3. Dividir

a)

b)

c)
d)

e)

4. Polinomios
2
2 x −2 7 x + 4
a) + −2 x=3
x +1 x +2
2 ( x 2 +1 ) 7 x + 4
+ −2 x=3
x +1 x+ 2
2 ( x +1 ) (x−1) 7 x +4
+ −2 x =3
x+ 1 x+2
7 x+4
2(x−1)+ −2 x=3
x +2
2 ( x−1 ) ( x +2 ) +7 x + 4−2 x (x +2)=3( x +2)
2 ( x 2+ 2 x−x−2 )+ 7 x+ 4−2 x 2−4 x=3 x +6
2 2
2 x + 4 x−2 x−4 +7 x +4−2 x −4 x =3 x +6
−2 x+7 x =3 x +6
5 x−3 x=6
2 x=6

6
x= =3
2
2
2 x −9 x−1 3 x−5
b) + +3=x
2 x+ 3 x+ 1
( 2 x 2−9 x−1 ) ( x+ 1 )+ ( 3 x−5 )( 2 x +3 ) +3(2 x +3)(x+1)=x (2 x +3)( x+ 1)
3 2 3 2
2 x +5 x +4 x −7=2 x + 5 x +3 x
3 2 3 2
2 x +5 x +4 x −7−2 x −5 x −3 x=0

x−7=0

x=7

13+2 x 3
c) =
4 x+ 1 4
3
13+2 x= ∗(4 x +1)
4
3
13+2 x= ∗(4 x +1)
4
12 x +3
13+2 x=
4
4 (13+2 x )=12 x +3
52+8 x=12 x+3
8 x−12 x=3−52
−4 x=−49
−49
x= =12.25
−4
x +1 3 3 x+ 8
d) x+ 4 + x−4 = 2
x +16
( x−4 ) ( x +1 ) +(3)(x+ 4) 3 x+ 8
= 2
(x + 4)(x−4) x +16
2
x −3 x −4+ 3 x +12 3 x +8
2
= 2
x −16 x +16
2
x + 8 3 x+ 8
2
= 2
x −16 x +16
No existe solución real.

x+1 x−2
e) − =0
3 x +2 2 x −3
( x +1 ) (2 x−3 )−( x−2 ) ( 3 x +2 ) =0
2 2
2 x −3 x +2 x−3−3 x −2 x +6 x +4=0
2
−x + 3 x +1=0
−3 ± √ 32−4 (−1)1
2(−1)
−3+ √ 13
x=
−2
−3− √13
x=
−2
5. Determine el dominio de las siguientes funciones y comprobar

con el recurso Geogebra.

x−2
a ¿ f (x)=
(x+ 1)(x−3)

X 0 1 2 3 4

Y 2/3 1/4 0 ∄ 2/5

0−2 −2 −2 2
f (0 ) = = =
( 0+1 ) ( 0−3 ) ( 1 ) (−3 ) −3 3

1−2 −1 −1 1
f ( 1) = = =
( 1+1 )( 1−3 ) ( 2 ) (−2 ) −4 4

2−2 0 0
f (2 ) = = =0
( 2+ 1 )( 2−3 ) (3 )(−1 ) −3

3−2 1 1
f (3 ) = = =∄
( 3+1 ) ( 3−3 ) ( 4 ) ( 0 ) 0

4−2 2 2
f (4) = =
( 4+ 1 )( 4−3 ) (5 )( 1 ) 5
Dominio: (−∞ ,−1 ) ∪ ¿ ∪( 3 , ∞)

b ¿ f (x)=√ x +1+3

X -1 0 1 2 3

Y 3 4 3 √2 3 √13

f (−1 )=√ −1+ 1+ 3=√ 0+3=0+3=3

f ( 0 )=√ 0+1+3=√ 1+3=1+3=4

f ( 1 ) =√ 1+1+3=√ 2+3=3 √ 2

f ( 2 )=√ 2+ 1+ 3=√ 3+3=3 √ 3

f ( 3 )=√ 3+1+3= √ 4+3=2+3=5

Dominio: ¿
x−1
c ¿ f ( x )=
( x−4)(x +2)

X -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

Y -7/40 -2/9 -5/16 -1 ∄ 2/5 1/6 0 1/-8 2/-5 ∄

−6−1 −7 −7
f (−6 )= = =
(−6−4 ) (−6+2 ) (−10 ) (−4 ) 40

−5−1 −6 −6 −2
f (−5 )= = = =
(−5−4 ) (−5+2 ) (−9 ) (−3 ) 27 9

−4−1 −5 −5
f (−4 )= = =
(−4−4 ) (−4 +2 ) (−8 ) (−2 ) 16

−3−1 −4 −7
f (−3 )= = = =−1
(−3−4 ) (−3+2 ) (−7 ) (−1 ) 7

−2−1 −3 −3
f (−2 )= = = =∄
(−2−4 ) (−2+2 ) (−6 ) (−0 ) 0

−1−1 −2 −2 2
f (−1 )= = = =
(−1−4 ) (−1+ 2 ) (−5 )( 1 ) −5 5

0−1 −1 −1
f ( 0 )= = =
( 0−4 )( 0+2 ) (−4 ) ( 2 ) 6
1−1 0 0
f ( 1) = = = =0
( 1−4 )( 1+2 ) (−3 ) ( 3 ) −9

2−1 1 1
f ( 2 )= = =
( 2−4 ) ( 2+ 2 ) (−2 ) ( 4 ) −8

3−1 2 2
f ( 3 )= = =
( 3−4 ) ( 3+2 ) (−1 )( 5 ) −5

4−1 3 3
f ( 4 )= = = =∄
( 4−4 ) ( 4+ 2 ) ( 0 )( 2 ) 0

Dominio: (−∞ ,−2)∪(−2 , 4 )∪ (4 , ∞)

x +5
d ¿ f ( x)= 2
x +12 x +27

X -2 -1 0 1 2

Y 3/7 1/4 5/27 3/20 7/55

−1+5 4 4 1
f (−1 )= = = =
(−1 ) +12 (−1 ) +27 1−12+27 16 4
2

−2+5 3 3
f (−2 )= = =
(−2 ) +12 (−2 ) +27 4−24+27 7
2
0+5 5
f ( 0 )= =
( 0 ) +12 ( 0 ) +27 27
2

1+5 6 6 3
f ( 1) = = = =
( 1 ) +12 ( 1 )+ 27 1+ 12+ 27 40 20
2

2+5 7 7
f ( 2 )= = =
( 2 ) +12 ( 2 ) +27 4 +24+ 27 55
2

Dominio: (−∞,−9)∪(−9 ,−3)∪(−3 , ∞)

e ¿ f ( x )=4− √ 1−2 x

X -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1

Y 1 1,3 1,76 2,26 3 ∄

f (−4 )=4−√ 1−2 (−4 )=4−√ 1+8=4−√ 9=4−3=1

f (−3 )=4− √ 1−2 (−3 )=4− √ 1+6=4−√ 7=1 ,35

f (−2 )=4− √ 1−2 (−2 ) =4−√ 1+4=4− √ 5=1 ,76

f (−1 )=4−√ 1−2 (−1 )=4−√ 1+ 2=4− √ 3=2 ,26

f ( 0 )=4− √ 1−2 ( 0 )=4− √ 1+0=4− √ 1=4−1=3


f ( 1 ) =4−√ 1−2 ( 1 )=4−√ 1−2=4−√−1=∄

Dominio: ¿

6. a. m 2−4 m+3
(m−3)(m−1)

3 3
27−x y
2 2
(3−xy)( 9+3 xy+ x y )

b. a 2 b 2−16
(ab−4)(ab+ 4)

2
x −49

( x−7 ) ( x+7)

c. 18 a3 −8 a
2
2 a( 9 a −4)

2 a(3 a−2)(3 a+2)


3 2
3 m −6 m +15 m
2
3 m(m −2 m+ 5)

d. y 3−2 y 2 + y−2
2
y ( y−2 ) +( y−2)

( y−2 ) ( y 2+ 1)
3
2 a +8 a
2
2 a(a +4)

e. 4 b2−4 b−24
2
4 (b −b−6)

4 (b−3)(b+ 2)

2
c −25

(c−5)(c+5)

7. Efectuar las operaciones de las siguientes expresiones

algebraicas y simplificarlas:

51 ad
∗48 ab
60 bc
a¿
27 cd

51 ad
∗48 ab
60 bc ( 51ad ) ( 48 ab ) a ( 51d ) ( 48 b ) a (17 d ) (4 b)
= = = =¿
27 cd ( 60 bc ) ( 27 cd ) c ( 60 b )( 27 d ) c (5 b)(9 d )
3 2 2
99 a c 54 a c
b¿ ÷
27 b 12 ab

3
99 a c 3 54 a2 c 2 (99 ac )(12 ab) (99 c )(12 ab)
÷ = =
27 b 12 ab (27 b)(54 a2 c2 ) (27 b)(54 a)

x− y 2 2
∗x + 9 y
c) x +3 y
2 2
x +y

x− y 2 2
∗x + 9 y
x +3 y ( x− y ) ( x 2+ 9 y 2 ) x +3 y
= =
2
x +y
2
( x +3 y ) ( x 2+ y 2 ) ❑

a+1 a+2 a+3


d) − 2 +
a
3
a a

( a+1 ) ( a 2) −( a3 )(a+2)
2 a+3
(a¿¿ 3)(a )+ ¿
a

a+3
a+ 1−a−2+
a

a+3
−1+
a

(−1 )( a ) +(1)(a+ 3)
1

−a+ a+3

2
4x x− y x+ y
e) − +
y −x x + y x − y
2 2

( 4 x 2 ) ( x+ y )−( y 2−x 2)(x− y) x + y


2 2
+
( y −x ) ( x+ y ) x− y
2 x+ y
4 x −(x− y)+
x− y

( 4 x ¿¿ 2−x + y)(x − y)+(x+ y)


¿
x− y

2
4 x −x+ y+ x + y

2
4 x +2 y

Link de la presentación:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OqbayoX7v6FXgcw2AZBRu

Ku2huue_CIE/view?usp=sharing

Referencias.

Rondón, J. (2017). Algebra, Trigonometría y Geometría Analítica.

Bogotá D.C.: Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. Páginas 136 –

235. https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/11583

Ramírez, V. A. P., & Cárdenas, A. J. C. (2001). Matemática

universitaria: conceptos y aplicaciones generales. Vol. 1. San José, CR:

Editorial Cyrano. Páginas 59 - 82. https://elibro-

net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/85383?page=66

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