CHAPTER 1

Chemical Reactions
and Equations

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Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following is not a physical change?
(a) Boiling of water to give water vapour

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(b) Melting of ice to give water

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(c) Dissolution of salt in water
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(d) Combustion of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

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2. The following reaction is an example of a
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4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)
(i) displacement reaction
be C

(ii) combination reaction

(iii) redox reaction
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(iv) neutralisation reaction

(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)
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3. Which of the following statements about the given reaction are correct?
3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) → Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
(i) Iron metal is getting oxidised
(ii) Water is getting reduced
(iii) Water is acting as reducing agent
(iv) Water is acting as oxidising agent
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (iii) and (iv)
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(c) (i), (ii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)

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4. Which of the following are exothermic processes?

(i) Reaction of water with quick lime
(ii) Dilution of an acid
(iii) Evaporation of water
(iv) Sublimation of camphor (crystals)
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
 5. Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 mL
of water were taken. A small amount of NaOH, anhydrous
CuSO4 and NaCl were added to the beakers A, B and C
respectively. It was observed that there was an increase in
the temperature of the solutions contained in beakers A and
B, whereas in case of beaker C, the temperature of the
solution falls. Which one of the following statement(s) is(are)
correct?
(i) In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred.
(ii) In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred.
(iii) In beaker C exothermic process has occurred.

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(iv) In beaker C endothermic process has occurred.
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)

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6. A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the

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beaker containing acidified permanganate solution. The light

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purple colour of the solution fades and finally disappears.
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Which of the following is the correct explanation for the
observation?

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(a) KMnO4 is an oxidising agent, it oxidises FeSO4
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(b) FeSO4 acts as an oxidising agent and oxidises KMnO4
be C

(c) The colour disappears due to dilution; no reaction is involved

(d) KMnO4 is an unstable compound and decomposes in presence
of FeSO4 to a colourless compound.
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7. Which among the following is(are) double displacement

reaction(s)?
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(i) Pb + CuCl2 → PbCl 2 + Cu

(ii) Na2SO 4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl
(iii) C + O2 → CO2
(iv) CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) only
(c) (i) and (ii) (d) (iii) and (iv)
8. Which among the following statement(s) is(are) true? Exposure of
silver chloride to sunlight for a long duration turns grey due to
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(i) the formation of silver by decomposition of silver chloride

(ii) sublimation of silver chloride
(iii) decomposition of chlorine gas from silver chloride
(iv) oxidation of silver chloride
(a) (i) only (b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (iv) only

2 EXEMPLAR P ROBLEMS – SCIENCE

 9. Solid calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to form calcium
hydroxide accompanied by liberation of heat. This process is
called slaking of lime. Calcium hydroxide dissolves in water to
form its solution called lime water. Which among the following is
(are) true about slaking of lime and the solution formed?
(i) It is an endothermic reaction
(ii) It is an exothermic reaction
(iii) The pH of the resulting solution will be more than seven
(iv) The pH of the resulting solution will be less than seven
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)

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10. Barium chloride on reacting with ammonium sulphate forms
barium sulphate and ammonium chloride. Which of the following
correctly represents the type of the reaction involved?

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(i) Displacement reaction
(ii)

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Precipitation reaction

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(iii) Combination reaction
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(iv) Double displacement reaction

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(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only
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(c) (iv) only (d) (ii) and (iv)
11. Electrolysis of water is a decomposition reaction. The mole ratio of
be C

hydrogen and oxygen gases liberated during electrolysis of water is

(a) 1:1
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(b) 2:1
(c) 4:1
(d) 1:2
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12. Which of the following is(are) an endothermic process(es)?

(i) Dilution of sulphuric acid
(ii) Sublimation of dry ice
(iii) Condensation of water vapours
(iv) Evaporation of water
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) only
(c) (iii) only (d) (ii) and (iv)
13. In the double displacement reaction between aqueous potassium
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iodide and aqueous lead nitrate, a yellow precipitate of lead iodide

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is formed. While performing the activity if lead nitrate is not

available, which of the following can be used in place of lead
nitrate?
(a) Lead sulphate (insoluble)
(b) Lead acetate
(c) Ammonium nitrate
(d) Potassium sulphate

CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS 3

 14. Which of the following gases can be used for storage of fresh
sample of an oil for a long time?
(a) Carbon dioxide or oxygen
(b) Nitrogen or oxygen
(c) Carbon dioxide or helium
(d) Helium or nitrogen
15. The following reaction is used for the preparation of oxygen gas
in the laboratory

Heat →
2KClO3 (s) ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
Catalys t 2KCl (s) + 3O2 (g)

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Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct about the
reaction?
(a) It is a decomposition reaction and endothermic in nature

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(b) It is a combination reaction

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(c) It is a decomposition reaction and accompanied by release of

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heat
(d) It is a photochemical decomposition reaction and exothermic
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in nature

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16. Which one of the following processes involve chemical reactions?
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(a) Storing of oxygen gas under pressure in a gas cylinder
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(b) Liquefaction of air

(c) Keeping petrol in a china dish in the open
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(d) Heating copper wire in presence of air at high temperature

17. In which of the following chemical equations, the abbreviations

represent the correct states of the reactants and products involved
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at reaction temperature?
(a) 2H2(l) + O2(l) → 2H2O(g)
(b) 2H2(g) + O2(l) → 2H2O(l)
(c) 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)
(d) 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)

18. Which of the following are combination reactions?

Heat → 2KCl + 3O
(i) 2KClO3 ⎯⎯⎯⎯
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2
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(ii) MgO + H2O ⎯→ Mg(OH)2

(iii) 4Al + 3O2 ⎯→ 2Al2 O3
(iv) Zn + FeSO4 ⎯→ ZnSO 4 + Fe
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)

4 EXEMPLAR P ROBLEMS – SCIENCE

 Short Answer Questions
19. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions
and identify the type of reaction in each case.
(a) Nitrogen gas is treated with hydrogen gas in the presence of a
catalyst at 773K to form ammonia gas.
(b) Sodium hydroxide solution is treated with acetic acid to form
sodium acetate and water.
(c) Ethanol is warmed with ethanoic acid to form ethyl acetate in
the presence of concentrated H2SO4 .
(d) Ethene is burnt in the presence of oxygen to form carbon

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dioxide, water and releases heat and light.

20. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions
and identify the type of reaction in each case.

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(a) Thermit reaction, iron (III) oxide reacts with aluminium and

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gives molten iron and aluminium oxide.

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(b) Magnesium ribbon is burnt in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas
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to form solid magnesium nitride.

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(c) Chlorine gas is passed in an aqueous potassium iodide
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solution to form potassium chloride solution and solid iodine.
(d) Ethanol is burnt in air to form carbon dioxide, water and
be C

releases heat.

21. Complete the missing components/variables given as x and y in

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the following reactions

(a) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI(aq) ⎯→ PbI2 (x) + 2KNO3(y)
(b) Cu(s) + 2Ag NO3(aq) ⎯→ Cu(NO3) 2(aq) + x(s)
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(c) Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ⎯→ ZnSO4(x) + H2(y)

x → CaO(s) + CO (g)
(d) CaCO3(s) ⎯⎯⎯ 2

22. Which among the following changes are exothermic or

endothermic in nature?
(a) Decomposition of ferrous sulphate
(b) Dilution of sulphuric acid
(c) Dissolution of sodium hydroxide in water
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(d) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water

23. Identify the reducing agent in the following reactions

(a) 4NH3 + 5O2 ⎯→ 4NO + 6H 2O
(b) H2O + F 2 ⎯→ HF + HOF
(c) Fe2O3 + 3CO ⎯→ 2Fe + 3CO2
(d) 2H2 + O2 ⎯→ 2H2O

CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS 5

 24. Identify the oxidising agent (oxidant) in the following reactions
(a) Pb3O 4 + 8HCl ⎯→ 3PbCl2 + Cl2 + 4H2O
(b) 2Mg + O2 ⎯→ 2MgO
(c) CuSO4 + Zn ⎯→ Cu + ZnSO4
(d) V2O5 + 5Ca ⎯→ 2V + 5CaO
(e) 3Fe + 4H2O ⎯→ Fe3O4 + 4H2
(f) CuO + H2 ⎯→ Cu + H2O
25. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions
(a) Sodium carbonate on reaction with hydrochloric acid in equal
molar concentrations gives sodium chloride and sodium

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hydrogencarbonate.
(b) Sodium hydrogencarbonate on reaction with hydrochloric acid
gives sodium chloride, water and liberates carbon dioxide.

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(c) Copper sulphate on treatment with potassium iodide

pu Tprecipitates cuprous iodide (Cu2 I2), liberates iodine gas and

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also forms potassium sulphate.
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26. A solution of potassium chloride when mixed with silver nitrate

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solution, an insoluble white substance is formed. Write the chemical
reaction involved and also mention the type of the chemical reaction?
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27. Ferrous sulphate decomposes with the evolution of a gas having
be C

a characteristic odour of burning sulphur. Write the chemical

reaction involved and identify the type of reaction.
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28. Why do fire flies glow at night?

29. Grapes hanging on the plant do not ferment but after being
plucked from the plant can be fermented. Under what conditions
do these grapes ferment? Is it a chemical or a physical change?
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30. Which among the following are physical or chemical changes?

(a) Evaporation of petrol
(b) Burning of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
(c) Heating of an iron rod to red hot.
(d) Curdling of milk
(e) Sublimation of solid ammonium chloride
31. During the reaction of some metals with dilute hydrochloric acid,
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following observations were made.

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(a) Silver metal does not show any change

(b) The temperature of the reaction mixture rises when aluminium
(Al) is added.
(c) The reaction of sodium metal is found to be highly explosive
(d) Some bubbles of a gas are seen when lead (Pb) is reacted with
the acid.
Explain these observations giving suitable reasons.

6 EXEMPLAR P ROBLEMS – SCIENCE