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GR DIRECT Indirect Speech

The document discusses the rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech in different contexts such as statements, yes-no questions, WH-questions, changes in tenses and adverbial time, commands and requests, and other expressions. Direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech does not and makes other changes such as changing pronouns, adverbs of time, and sometimes the entire structure of the sentence.

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Amin Abdi Luhur Aal
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33 views1 page

GR DIRECT Indirect Speech

The document discusses the rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech in different contexts such as statements, yes-no questions, WH-questions, changes in tenses and adverbial time, commands and requests, and other expressions. Direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech does not and makes other changes such as changing pronouns, adverbs of time, and sometimes the entire structure of the sentence.

Uploaded by

Amin Abdi Luhur Aal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH (Contextual Grammar)

Direct Speech INDIRECT SPEECH


The direct speech will be reported as follows.
A Statement (that)
“I’m alright,” Bob said. Bob said (that) he was alright.
“I met Siska yesterday,” Bob said. Bob said (that) he had met Siska the day before.
“The boss has given me a warning,” Rina Rina complained (that) the boss had given her a warning.
complained.
“They will come tomorrow,” Nina told. Nina told (that) they would come the next day.
“Father is taking a rest,” Selya said. Selya said (that) her father was taking a rest.

B Yes-No Question whether (if) =apakah


“Are you okey?” Dian asked Bob. Dian asked Bob whether he was okey.
“Did you meet Siska yesterday, Bob?” Dian Dian asked Bob whether he had met Siska the day before.
asked.
“Has the boss given you a warning?” Bob Bob asked Rina if the boss had given her a warning.
asked Rina.
“Will they come tomorrow?” Bob wanted to Bob wanted to know whether they would come the next day.
know.

C WH-questions WH-words (interrogative words)


“How are you, Bob?” Neta asked. Neta asked Bob how he was.
“Whom did you met yesterday?” Neta asked Neta asked Bob whom he had met the day before.
Bob.
“Why has the boss given you a warning?” Andi Andi asked Rina why the boss had given her a warning.
asked Rina.
“When will they come?” Bob wnted to know. Bob wanted to know when they would come.

ABC Changes of TENSES Changes of ADVERBIAL TIME


Present (simple/cont.) > Past (simple/cont.) Now > then Tomorrow > the next day
Present perfect >Past perfect Today > that day Last week > the week before
future >Past future Yesterday > the day before

D Command, request, advice, etc tell, ask, advise, suggest, etc + object + (not) to infinitive
“Close the door, Mira,” father said. Father told Mira to close the door.
“Don’t go home late, Bob,” uncle said. Uncle told Bob not to go home late.
“Would you lend me a pen, please?” asked Dina asked Mira to lend her a pen.
Dina to Mira.
“You should get up early, John,” Bob said. Bob suggested John to get up early.
“You’d better not to work too hard,” doctor Doctor advised John not to work too hard.
said to John.

E Others
“Will you have a drink?” Tom said to Haris. Tom offered Haris a drink.
“Would you like to have lunch with me?” Tom Tom invited Haris to have a lunch with him.
said to Haris.
“If I were you, I’d buy a car,” Tom said to Tom adivised Haris to buy a car.
Haris.
“Mom is coming. Turn off TV,” Doni said. Doni said (that) mom was coming and told me to turn off TV.
“How a beautiful day it is!” Reni exclaimed. Reni exclaimed it was a beautiful day.
“Thank you for coming,” Stella said to me. Stella thanked me for my coming.
“Happy birthday,” Leila said. Leila wished me a happy birthday.

Rodhi Casmadi

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