Scribd
Upload
77 views5 pages

Abstract:: An Electrical Circuit Is Equal To The Sum of Currents Leaving That Node. in

This experiment aims to verify Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) by measuring currents in a circuit. KCL states that the sum of currents entering a node equals the sum of currents leaving. The experiment uses a circuit board to measure branch and total currents, finding them to match calculated values, verifying KCL.

Uploaded by

abdelmalekhadiak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
77 views5 pages

Abstract:: An Electrical Circuit Is Equal To The Sum of Currents Leaving That Node. in

This experiment aims to verify Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) by measuring currents in a circuit. KCL states that the sum of currents entering a node equals the sum of currents leaving. The experiment uses a circuit board to measure branch and total currents, finding them to match calculated values, verifying KCL.

Uploaded by

abdelmalekhadiak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Abstract:

This experiment aims to verify Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL). KCL


states that the sum of currents entering a node in a circuit must equal the sum of
currents leaving the node. This fundamental principle governs charge
conservation and is essential for analysing and predicting circuit behavior.

Introduction:
Electric circuits play a fundamental role in our modern society, powering
everything from our homes to complex industrial systems. Understanding the
behavior of electric currents within these circuits is essential for designing,
analysing, and troubleshooting electrical systems. One of the fundamental
principles that governs the behavior of electric currents is Kirchhoff's Current
Law (KCL).

Kirchhoff's Current Law, formulated by Gustav Kirchhoff in the mid-19th


century, states that the sum of currents entering a junction point ( node ) in
an electrical circuit is equal to the sum of currents leaving that node. In
other words, it asserts the conservation of electric charge at a node, where
current is divided among multiple paths. KCL forms the basis for analysing
complex circuits and provides a powerful tool for engineers to predict and
understand current distributions.

The law can also be stated in the following way:


The algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving a junction (or
region) of a network is zero.
Ʃ Ii - Ʃ Io = 0
In equation form, the above statement can be written as follows:
with Ii representing the current entering, or “in,” and Io representing the current
leaving, or “out’’.
1|Page
Objectives:

1- State Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and verify this law.


2- Calculate total and individual branch currents in a two-element parallel circuit
by using Kirchhoff's current law.
3- Determine the magnitude and direction (sign) of node currents by using a two-
element branch circuit.

Equipment required:

• F.A.C.E.T. base unit


• DC NETWORK THEOREMS circuit board
• Multimeter
• Two-Post Connectors
• Terminal Posts

Procedures:

1. Locate the Kirchhoff's Current Law circuit block.


2. Using Multimeter measure the value of circuit source voltage (Vs) , R1 and
R2.
3. Using Multimeter measure branch currents ( IR1 & IR2 ) and total current in
the circuit.
4. Calculate same currents with Ohm’s law.
5. Compare the results.

Results:
By using Multimeter we have: (Vs =14.86V), (R1= 1800Ω) and
( R2=2200Ω ).
Also By using Multimeter we find: (IR1=8.28 mA), (IR2=6.80 mA) and
( IT= 14.98 mA).

2|Page
Now by Ohm’s Law we find :
E 14.86
IR1= = = 8.25 mA.
R₁ 1800
E 14.86
IR2= = = 6.75 mA.
R₂ 2200
1 2
𝑅 ×𝑅 1800 × 2200
𝑅ₜ = = = 990 𝛺.
𝑅1 + 𝑅2 1800 + 2200
𝐸 14.86
𝐼ₜ = = = 15.01 𝑚𝐴.
𝑅ₜ 990

Calculated Measured

It 8.25 mA 8.28 mA

IR1 6.75 mA 6.80 mA

IR2 15.01 mA 14.98 mA

3|Page
Discussion:
We have do two exercise in this experiment and get many discussion
Exercise 1 – Current in a Branch Circuit:
• The sum of the branch currents in a parallel circuit is equal to the total
current flowing through the circuit.
It = IR1 + IR2 (It =14.98 mA)
= 8.28 + 6.80 = 15.08 mA the results so close

• In a two-element parallel circuit, Kirchhoff’s current law can be used to


solve for an unknown current when two of the three currents are know.
IR1 = It – IR2 ( IR1=8.28 mA)
= 14.98 – 6.80 = 8.18 mA the results so close

• Kirchhoff’s current law applies to all parallel circuits.

• Ohm’s law is used to determine the resistance of each circuit branch


(R= E/I).

Exercise 2 – Node Currents in a Branch Circuit:

• Current flow is defined as the movement of electrons (electron flow).


• Current flowing into a node is labeled negative, while current flowing out
of a node is labeled positive.

• Kirchhoff’s Current Law states that the algebraic sum of all current into
or out of a node must equal zero.
• Ohm’s law is used in combination with Kirchhoff’s Current Law to
determine the total circuit current when the source voltage and branch
resistances are know. [It = IR1 + IR2 = (VR1/R1) + (VR2/R2)].

4|Page
Conclusion:

At the end of this experiment we have learned why Kirchhoff’s Current


Law is one of most important fundamentals in circuit analysis , and the
purpose of this experiment was to verify KCL, from the data provided in the
result we can see this purpose was met.
References:

1. Introductory Circuit Analysis by Robert L. Boylestad 11th edition.


2. Electric Circuit by James W. Nilsson 8th edition.

5|Page

You might also like