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Tutorial 4

The document discusses several problems related to fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. It includes problems about pressure-density relationships of water, determining displacement of fluid particles, velocity profiles in laminar flow through pipes, volume flow rates through surfaces, rates of change of density in tanks, and normal forces on inclined plates from fluid flows.

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Fardeen Razif
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9 views

Tutorial 4

The document discusses several problems related to fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. It includes problems about pressure-density relationships of water, determining displacement of fluid particles, velocity profiles in laminar flow through pipes, volume flow rates through surfaces, rates of change of density in tanks, and normal forces on inclined plates from fluid flows.

Uploaded by

Fardeen Razif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ME 3100: BASIC THERMAL ENGINEERING

Tutorial 4
1 Neglecting temperature effect, an empirical pressure-density relationship for water is
given as:

 3001   
7
p
pa a  3000
Here p is in unit of atmosphere, density is in kg/m3. Density of water at 1 atmosphere
pressure is 1000 kg/m3.
(a) Determine the isothermal bulk modulus of elasticity of water at 1 atmospheric
pressure.
(b) Determine the speed of sound at 1 atmospheric pressure.
[2.128 x106 kPa;
1458.8 m/s]

2 In a flow field, the velocity at a point is given in the Eulerian system as u=x+t. Determine
the displacement of a fluid particle whose initial position is x0 at initial time t0 in the
Lagrangian system.
Ans=  x   x  t  1 e  t t0   t  1
 0 0 
3 A flow field in a Lagrangian system is described as:
x  x0e  kt  y0 1  e 2 kt 
y  y0e kt
Find:
(a) The equation of a fluid particle in the flow field, and,
(b) The velocity components in the Eulerian system
 a)  x  y0  y 2  x0 y0 y  y03  0 
Ans=  
 b ) u   kx  ky  e  kt
 e 3 kt
 
 v  ky 
 
4 The velocity profile in laminar flow through a pipe of radius r0 is given by:
 2 
u  2U 1  r 2 
 r  0

Determine an expression for wall shear stress.

5 A two-dimensional wedge-shaped fluid element (ABC) as shown in Fig. P5 is subjected to


the following velocity field:
x y
u  V0 , v  V0 , w  0,
L L

1
where, u, v and w are velocity components along x, y and z directions respectively and V0
is constant. For constant density flow, find the volume flow rate through the surface AC,
per unit width.

Ans: [0]

6 A rigid tank (Fig. P6) of volume V contains air at an absolute pressure of P and temperature
T. At t=0, air begins escaping from the tank through a valve with a flow area of A1. The air
passing through the valve has a speed of V1 and a density of 1. Determine an expression
for the instantaneous rate of change of density in the tank at t=0, assuming it to be
uniform within the tank.

7 A plate with frictionless surfaces is oriented inclined to a water jet (Fig. P7). Verlocity is
uniform and the flow may be approximated as incompressible and inviscid (no viscosity).
The angle made by the plate with the vertical is . Symbols A and Q in the figure denotes
flow area and flow rate respectively. Determine:
a) Q1 and Q2 in terms of Q0 and .
b) Normal component of force on the plate.

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