 mwpKfk;

 ikjhd mikg;G
 jpwd;fs;
 tpjpKiwfSk; kj;jpa];jKk;
 gapw;Wtpg;G Kiwfs;
 tpdhf;fs;
M.R.M. RISADH

DIP. IN PHYSICAL EDU

AZHAR CENTRAL
COLLEGE

AKURANA
 jpwd;fs;
nthypNghy; tpisahl;lhdJ 1895 Mk; Mz;L mnkupf;fh
ehl;ltuhd tpy;ypak; G Nkhu;f;fd; vd;gtuhy;
mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Lj
,tu; ,t; tpisahl;Lf;F kpd;l;Nwh nel; vd ngau; #l;bdhu;.
1896 Mk; Mz;L My;gpul; My;rpll; vd;gtuhy; nthypNghy;
vd ngau; khw;wg;gl;Lj.
,t; tpisahl;by; Xu FO rhu;ghf 06 Ngu; tpisahLtu;
NkYk; 06 Ngu; gpujpaPl;L tPuu;fshf gq;Fgw;Wtu;.
nthypNghy; tpisahl;bd; jiyik rk;Nkydk; FIVB MFk;.
ru;tNjr tpjpKiwf;fika tiyf;fk;gj;jpd; cauk;
Mz; - 2.43M
ngz; - 2.24M

ikjhd mikg;G

18M

9M

6M 3M
jpwd;fs;
 gzpj;jy;
 ngw;Wf;nfhs;sy;
 xOq;fikj;jy;
 miwjy;
 jLj;jy;
 ikjhdk; fhj;jy;

tpjpKiwfs;
gzpj;jy;

 eLtupd; iriff;Fg;gpd; 8 nrf;fd;gspy; gzpj;jiy Nkw;nfhs;sy;.

 ge;ij NkNy Nghl;L gzpj;jiy Nkw;nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.
 gzpj;jw; Nfhl;bw;F gpd; ,Ue;J gzpj;jiy Nkw;nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.
 gzpj;jy; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ikjhdj;ij ];guprpj;jy; $lhJ.
 ge;J vjpuzpf;Fwpa gpuNjrj;jpw;F nry;yy; Ntz;Lk;.

xOq;fikj;jy;

 xOq;fikj;jypd; NghJ ge;J ifapy; jq;fhjpUj;jy;.

 ge;ij gpbj;J tPRjiy jtpu;j;jy;.
 xOq;fikj;jypd; NghJ ge;ij xU jlitf;F Nky; njhLtij
jtpu;j;jy;. (double touch)
 miwjy; kw;Wk; jLj;jy;
 Kd; tupir tPuu; tiyf;F ve;j cauj;jpy; cs;s ge;jpidAk;
miwjy; jLj;jypy; <Lgl KbAk;.
 gpd; tupir tPuu; Kd;tupirf;F te;J miwjy; jLj;jypy; <Lgl
KbahJ
 vjpuzpf;Fwpa ge;ij miwjy; jLj;jypy; <Lgl KbahJ.
 gpd; tupir tPuu; miwjw; Nfhl;bl;F gpd; ,Ue;J kpjpj;njOe;J
miwjiy Nkw;nfhs;syhk;.
 ypg;Nuh tPuu; miwjy; jLj;jypy; <Lgl KbahJ

ypg;Nuh tPuu;
 gzpj;jypy; <Lgl KbahJ.
 miwjy; jLj;jypy; <Lgl KbahJ
 NtW epw Mil %ykhf gpupj;Jf; fhl;lg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
 ypg;Nuh tPuuhy; Nkw;if xOq;fikg;G %yk; toq;fg;gLk; ge;ij
miwa KbahJ.

gapw;Wtpg;G Kiwfs;
gzpj;jy; (fPo;f; if)
 ge;Jldhd epw;wy; Kiwia gapwW ; tpj;jy;.
 ge;jpd;wp gzpj;jiy Nkw;nfhs;sr; nra;jy;.
 ,U FOf;fshfg; gpupj;J 5M ,ilntspapy; epw;fr; nra;J
fPo;f;ifg; gzpj;jy; %ykhf Kd; tupirf;F mDg;Gjy;.
 ,U FOf;fSk; tiyapw;F 5M J}uj;jpypUe;J tiyf;F
Nkyhy; vjpu; gf;fj;jpw;F ge;ij mZg;Gjy;.
 gzpj;jw; Nfhl;bw;F gpd; ,Ue;J vjpu; gf;fj;jpd; ntt;NtW
gpuNjrj;jpw;F gzpj;jiy Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
Nkw;ifg; gzpj;jy;
 ge;Jldhd epw;wy; Kiwia gapw;Wtpj;jy;
 xU ifapy; ge;ij itj;J kW ifahy; ge;ij epyj;ij
Nehf;fp Ntfkhf miwar; nra;jy;.
 XU ifahy; ge;ij rw;W NkNy Nghl;L kW ifahy; ge;ij
Rtiu Ndhf;fp miwjy;.
 ,U FOf;fSk; tiyapw;F 5M J}uj;jpypUe;J tiyf;F
Nkyhy; vjpu; gf;fj;jpw;F ge;ij mZg;Gjy;.
 gzpj;jw; Nfhl;bw;F gpd; ,Ue;J vjpu; gf;fj;jpd; ntt;NtW
gpuNjrj;jpw;F gzpj;jiy Nkw;nfhs;sy;.

fPo;f; if ngw;Wf;nfhs;sy;
 fPo;f; ifg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sypd; NghJ if mika Ntz;ba
tpjj;jpid gapw;Wtpj;jy;.
 ge;J ifapy; njhLifAw Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; ge;ijf; nfhz;L
mOj;jk; nfhLj;jy;.
 xUtu; rkPgkhf epd;W kw;w tPuupd; ifia Nehf;fp ge;jpid
Nghl fPo;f; if %yk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;.
 ,U FOf;fshfg; gpupj;J 5M ,ilntspapy; vjpu;g; gf;fq;fspy;
epd;W fP;o;f; if ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy; %yk; vjpu;g; gf;fj;jpw;F
mDg;Gjy;.
 Rtupw;F 5M ,ilntspapy; epd;W fP;o;f; if ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;
%yk; Rtiu Nehf;fp ge;ij mDg;Gjy;.
Nkw;f; if xOq;fikj;jy;
 xOe;fikj;jy; re;jg;gj;jpy; cly; if vd;gd mika Ntz;ba
tpjj;if gapw;Wtpj;jy;.
 nthypNghypid jiuapy; itj;J mjd; Nkw;gug;gpid ,U
iffshYk; gw;wp epyj;ij Nehf;fp nrhl;br; nrhl;b
xOeq;fikj;jy; Kiwia gapw;Wtpj;jy;.
 ,U FOf;fshfg; gpupj;J 5M ,ilntspapy; vjpu;g; gf;fq;fspy;
epd;W Nkw;f; if xOq;fikj;jy; %yk; vjpu;g; gf;fj;jpw;F
mDg;Gjy;.
 Rtupw;F 5M ,ilntspapy; epd;W Nkw;f; if xOq;fikj;jy %yk;
Rtiu Nehf;fp ge;ij mDg;Gjy;.

jLj;jy;
 cq;fSf;F Vw;w kl;lj;jpy; fl;lg;gl;l tiyapd; mUNf ge;jpd;wp
cwpa Kiwapy; NknyOe;J jLj;jypy; <LgLjy;.
 tiyapd; ,Ugf;fq;fspYk; ,Utu; epd;W ge;J jLf;Fk; Kiwapy;
NknyOe;J iffisj; njhly;.
 tiyapd; ,Ugf;fq;fspYk; ,Utu; epd;W jLf;Fk; Kiwiar;
Rl;bf;fhl;b gf;fkhfr; nry;Yjy;.
 tiyapd; ,Ugf;fq;fspYk; ,uz;L tPuu;fs; ge;Jld; NknyOe;J
tiyf;F Nkyhy; ge;ij khw;Wjy;.
 tiyf;F mz;ikapy; gpbj;J itj;jpUf;Fk; ge;ij jLj;jy;.
 tiyf;F mz;ikapy; ,Ue;J miwAk; ge;ij jLj;jy;.
miwjy;
 xU ifahy; ge;ijg;gpbj;J NjhYf;F Nkyhy; cau;j;jp Ntfkhf
ge;ij epyj;ij Nehf;fp miwjy;.
 ge;ij ,U iffshYk; gpbj;J jiyf;F Nkyhy; nfhz;L
nry;tJld; cliy tpy; tbtpy; tisj;J Ntfkhf epyj;ij
Nehf;fp miwjy;.
 RahjPd ifapy; ge;ijg;gpbj;J ge;ij tpbtpg;gNjhL kw;w
ifapdhy; Ntfkhf miwjy;.
 ,U iffshYk; ge;ij NkNy vwpe;J gha;e;j epiyapy; ge;ij
miwjy;.
 Fwpg;gpl;l Xu; cauj;jpy; njhq;ftplg;gl;Ls;s ge;Jf;F mZfy;
Xl;lj;jpd; gpd; NknyOe;J miwjy;.
tpdhf;fs;
1)
1. cq;fsJ ghlrhiy ,y;yq;fSf;fpilapyhd nthypNghy;
Nghl;bfis elhj;Jtjw;fhd kj;jpa];juhf ePq;fs;
epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;sPu;fs;. kj;jpa];ju; vd;w tifapy; ,g;Nghl;bfspy;
kj;jpa];jk; tfpg;gjw;fhf ePq;fs; ikjhdj;jpw;F vLj;J nry;y
Ntz;ba cgfuzq;fis vOJf.
2. cq;fs; ,y;yj;jpd; Gjpa nthypNghy; tPuu;fSf;F ,uz;L
iffisAk; ge;jld; guplr;rg;gLj;Jtjw;F nghUj;jkhd
nraw;ghLfs; %d;W Fwpg;gpLf.
3. cq;fs; ghlrhiyapy; ]gh kpdh ,y;yq;fSf;fpilapy;
eilnghWk; nthypNghy; Nghl;bfspy; gpd;tUk; re;ju;g;gq;fspy;
kj;jpa];ju; vd;w tifapy; cq;fsJ jPu;g;G vt;thW mikAnkd
tpsf;Ff.
a. gzpg;Gf;fhd CJFonyhyp vOg;gg;gl;l gpd;du; ]gh
mzpapd; gzpg;Nghd; ge;ij epyj;jpy; mbj;J Ve;Jjy;.
b. ikjhdj;jpy; ,y.1 ,w;Fwpa kpdh mzp tPuu;, jhf;Fjw;
Nfhl;ilj; njhl;lthW NknyOe;J miwjy;.
c. ypg;Nuh tPuu; tiyf;F mzpj;jhf cs;s ge;ij Nky;
gl;bf;F rw;Wf; fPohf mbj;jy;.
d. ]gh mzpj;jiytu; Ie;jhk; Rw;wpd; NghJ ,uz;L FWfpa
,ilNtisfspd; gpd;du; %d;whk; jlitahfTk; FWfpa
,ilNtisf; NfhUjy;.
e. kpdh mzp tPuu; miwjiyj; jLf;Fk; NghJ ifapy; gl;l
ge;J tiyj;jF fk;gq;fspy; gl;L ]gh mzpapd; gf;fk;
nry;Yjy;.
2)
1. ckJ ghlrhiyapYs;s Gjpa nthypNghy; tpisahl;L tPuu;
gapw;rpg; Nghl;bapy; epiyf;nfhs;sypy; nra;j jtwpd; NghJ eLtu;
vd;w tifapy; ePq;fs; vLf;ff;$ba eltbf;iffis vOJf.

2. Nky; kw;Wk; kj;jpa khfhz mzpfSf;fpilapyhd nthypNghy;

Nghl;bapd; NghJ kj;jpa khfhz mzp tPuuJ ge;Jld; njhlu;ghd
jtwpw;fhd jz;lidahf eLtuhy; kj;jpa khfhz mzpf;F xU
Gs;spAk; gzpj;jYk; ngw;Wf;nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. Nky; khfhz
mzpapd; tPuu; nra;jpUf;ff;$ba jtWfs; %d;wpid Fwpg;gpLf.

3. nthypNghy; tpisahl;by; fPo;f; ifg; gzpj;jYf;fhd El;g

Kiwiag; Gjpa tPuUf;F gapw;Wtpg;gJf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd
nraw;ghlfs; ,uz;bid tpgupf;Ff.

3)
1. cq;fs; ,y;yj;jpd; nthypNghy; mzpf;F gapw;Wtpf;Fk; nghWg;G
cq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;bUf;Fkhapd;> ePq;fs; gapw;Wtpf;Fk;
nthypNghy; tpisahl;bd; gpujhd gdpj;jy; Kiwfs; ,uz;ilf;
Fwpg;gpLf.
2. cq;fs; ,y;yj;jpd; Gjpa nthypNghy; tpisahl;L tPuu;fSf;F
jLj;jy; El;gj;ij gapw;Wtpf;f nghUj;jkhd nraw;ghLfs;
,uz;il tupg;glj;jpd; JizAld; tpsf;Ff.

3. ghlrhiy ,y;yq;fSf;fpilapyhd nthypNghy; tpisahl;Lg;

Nghl;bapd; NghJ kj;jpa];jupdhy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l if%yr;
rkpf;iQfs ;rpy tUkhW. ,e;j xt;nthU rkpfi;QiaAk;
toq;ff; fhuzkhd re;ju;g;gj;ij tpsf;Ff.

A B C
 tlf;F njw;F khfhzq;fSf;fpilapy; eilngw;w nthypNghy;
Nghl;bapd; NghJ tlkhfhz ,y. 5 ,w;Fwpa tPuu; ge;ij jLj;j
gpd;du; ge;J kPz;Lk; miwag;gl;L tiyf;F Nkyhf njd; khfhz
mzpf;F mDg;gg;gl;lJld; mJ me;j mzpf;Fwpa epyj;jpy;
tPo;e;jJ. ,jd; NghJ kj;jpa];ju; vd;w tifapy; ePq;fs;
nraw;gLk; tpjj;ij tpsf;Ff.

4)
1. cq;fsJ ,y;yj;jpd; Gjpa nthypNghy; tPuu;fSf;F ge;ij
miwjy; njhlu;ghd gapw;rpia toq;Fk; nghWg;G ckf;F
mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jw;nfd ePq;fs; fw;wthW ehd;F
gbKiwf;fika miwjiy gapw;Wtpg;gJ ckf;F ,yFthf
mikAk;. ,tw;Ws; Kjy; ,uz;L gbKiwfSk; miwjYf;fhd
mZFjy; Nknyoy; MfpadthFk;. kpFjp ,uz;L
gbKiwfisAk; Fwpg;gpLf.
2. nthypNghy; tpisahl;by; miwjypd; NghJ Nknyoypd; gpd;du;
tspapy; clypidg; NgzNtz;ba Kiwia tpsf;Ff.
3. a. kapy; Gwh Mfpa ,uz;L ,y;yq;fSf;fpilapy; eilngw;w
nthypNghy; tpisahl;by; kapy; mzp tPunuhUtu; gzpg;G nra;Ak;
NghJ vjpuzp tPunuhUtu; tiyapd; Nkw;Gw ehlhTf;F Nkyhf
cs;s NghJ miwjiy Nkw;nfhs;fpwhu;. kj;jpa];ju; vd;w
tifapy; ckJ jPu;khdj;ij tpsf;Ff.
a. Gjpa nthypNghy; tpisahl;L tPuu;fSf;F miwjiyg;
gapw;Wtpg;gjw;nfd nghUj;jkhd nraw;ghLfs; ,uz;il
tpgupf;Ff.