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IT Is Gr8! at Grade 11 - Module 1.2 (Software)

The document discusses operating systems, including examples of operating systems for desktops, mobiles, and their costs and hardware requirements. It also covers processing techniques used by operating systems like managing processes, memory, and input/output. Virtual memory and different types of programming languages like low-level assembly and high-level C++ are explained as well.

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723 views14 pages

IT Is Gr8! at Grade 11 - Module 1.2 (Software)

The document discusses operating systems, including examples of operating systems for desktops, mobiles, and their costs and hardware requirements. It also covers processing techniques used by operating systems like managing processes, memory, and input/output. Virtual memory and different types of programming languages like low-level assembly and high-level C++ are explained as well.

Uploaded by

tmsanema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOFTWARE

Module 1.2
Operating systems

• System software
• Control all activities inside the computer
• Use a GUI to communicate with the user

Footer Text 5/4/2021 2


Operating systems: Examples
Operating systems for Cost Size Hardware and platform
desktop and portable
computers

Microsoft Windows Depending on version ±4GB Newer versions need


R600-R2000 stronger hardware

OS X Included with all Apple ±4GB Alle Apple computers (iMac,


computers, but upgrades cost MacBook or Mac Pro)
±R300

Linux Can be downloaded free from Size depends on the apps, Can be used on any PC.
the website. from ±4GB to ±10GB
Operating systems: Examples
Operating system for Cost Size Hardware and platform
mobile devices

iOS Included with all iOS devices. ±700MB iPhone, iPod touch, iPad

Android Included with all Android-type ±700MB Any Android smartphones


devices and tablets

Windows RT Included with all Windows tablets ±12GB Tablets with ARM CPUs.
with ARM-based CPUs

Windows Phone 8 Included with all Windows-based Unknown Smartphones designed for
smartphones Windows Mobile

Blackberry OS 10 Included with all Blackberry Unknown Blackberry smartphones


smartphones and tablets
Processing techniques

• Functions of an operating system


• Provides an interface
• Manages processes
• Manages memory
• Manages input and output
• Manages the drives

• Process – is a number of consecutive instructions executed by the


CPU
• Program
• Set of instructions to execute a specific task
• Thread
• A part of a bigger program
Processing techniques
Processing techniques
Processing techniques
Virtual memory

• Is a storage area on the hard disk that the OS uses for its own use.
• When the RAM is full, space on the hard drive is used
• When needed data is moved between the RAM and hard drive as pages

• Remember
• Storage is slower than RAM
• To speed up, close unnecessary programs
• Buy more RAM to increase speed
• Use 64-bit software
• Thrashing
Programming languages
Types of programming languages

• Low level
• Assembly languages
• Fewer commands than high level languages
• High speed optimized code used for the development of
O/S.
• Also used for embedded code
• High level
• Programming languages that look more like normal day to
day language
• More commands and libraries with code
• C++, C, Delphi, Java, Pascal, etc.
Compilers vs. Interpreters
• Compiler
• Translates whole program to machine language
• Tests for and produces a list of errors that must first be
corrected
• Then generates an executable file
• C++, Delphi
• Interpreter
• Translates and executes one line of code at a time
• Python
• Java
• Scratch
Virtualisation

Advantages
Saves time and
money
Efficient

Examples
VirtualBox
(Freeware)
Parallels
VM Ware
Public domain pictures and clipart used

• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

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