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Practice Question 1

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42 views4 pages

Practice Question 1

Uploaded by

dipanshugaur676
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRACTICE QUESTIONS (Probability-1)

Question 1: In a class, 40% of the students like Mathematics and 25% of


students like Physics and 15% like both the subjects. One student selected
at random, find the probability that he likes Physics if it is known that he
likes Mathematics.

Question 2: The probability of a student passing in science is ⅘ and the of


the student passing in both science and maths is ½. What is the probability
of that student passing in maths knowing that he passed in science?

Question 3: In a survey among few people, 60% read Hindi newspaper, 40%
read English newspaper and 20% read both. If a person is chosen at
random and if he already reads English newspaper find the probability that
he also reads Hindi newspaper.

Question 4: From the pack of 52 playing cards, a card is drawn randomly.


Find the probability of getting it red or face card.

Question 5: Two unbiased dice are rolled. Find the probability that the sum
of the numbers on the two faces is either divisible by 3 or divisible by 4.

Question 6: In shop A, 30 tin pure ghee and 40 tin adulterated ghee are
kept for sale while in shop B, 50 tin pure ghee and 60 tin adulterated ghee
are there. One tin of ghee is purchased from one of the shops randomly
and it is found to be adulterated. Find the probability that it is purchased
from shop B.

Solution 1:

Let there be 100 students, then,

Number of students like Mathematics = n(A) = 40

Number of students like Physics = n(B) = 25

Number of students like both Mathematics and Physics = n(A ∩ B) = 15

Now, the probability that the student likes Physics if it is known that he likes
Mathematics is given by –
P(B|A) = n(A ∩ B)/n(A) = 15/40 = ⅜.

Solution 2:

Let A ≡ event of passing in science

B ≡ event of passing in maths

Given, P(A) = ⅘ and P(A ∩ B) = ½

Then, probability of passing maths after passing in science = P(B|A) = P(A


∩ B)/P(A)

=½÷⅘=⅝

∴ the probability of passing in maths is ⅝.

Solution 3:

Let there be 100 people in the survey, then

Number of people read Hindi newspaper = n(A) = 60

Number of people read English newspaper = n(B) = 40

Number of people read both = n(A ∩ B) = 20

Probability of the person reading Hindi newspaper when he already reads


English newspaper is given by –

P(A|B) = n(A ∩ B)/n(B) = 20/40 = ½.

Solution 4:
Let n(S) be the exhaustive cases, n(A) be the number of events of red card and
n(B) be the number of events of face cards. Then,
n(S) = 52
n(A) = 26
n(B) = 12
Since there are 6 face cards which are red (3 face cards of heart + 3 face cards of
diamond),
n(A∩B) = 6
Now, by using the law of addition of probabilities of non-mutually exclusive events,
P(A or B) = P(A∪B)
= P(A) + P(B) – P(A∩B)
= n(A)/n(S) + n(B)/n(S) – n(A∩B)/n(S)
= 26/52 + 12/52 – 6/52
= (26 + 12 – 6)/52
= 32/52
= 8/13
Hence, the probability of getting red or face card is 8/13.

Solution 5:
Two dice can be thrown in 36 ways as given in the table below.

Let n(S) be the exhaustive cases, n(A) the number of events that the sum is
divisible by 3 and n(B) the number of events that the sum is divisible by 4. Then,
n(S) = 36
A = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 5), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 2), (5, 1), (3, 6), (4, 5), (5, 4), (6, 3),
(6,6)}
∴ n(A) = 12
B = {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 1), (2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2), (6, 6)}
∴ n(B) = 9
The event A∩B happens when the sum is divisible by 3 as well as 4, i.e. the sum is
12 which is (6, 6).
∴ n(A∩B) = 1
Now, by using the law of addition of probabilities of non-mutually exclusive events,
P(A or B) = P(A∪B)
= P(A) + P(B) – P(A∩B)
= n(A)/n(S) + n(B)/n(S) – n(A∩B)/n(S)
= 12/36 + 9/36 – 1/36
= (12 + 9 – 1)/36
= 20/36
= 5/9
Hence, the probability that the sum of the numbers on the two faces is either
divisible by 3 or 4 is 5/9

Solution 6:
Let E1 = event of choosing shop A

E2 = event of choosing shop B

A = event of purchasing adulterated tin of ghee

P(E1) = ½ and P(E2) = ½

P(A|E1) = P(purchasing adulterated ghee from shop A) = 40/70 = 4/7

P(A|E2) = P(purchasing adulterated ghee from shop B) = 60/110 = 6/11

Therefore,

𝑃(𝐴|𝐸2)𝑃(𝐸2)
P(E2|A) = 𝑃(𝐸1)𝑃(𝐸1)+𝑃(𝐴|𝐸2)𝑃(𝐸2)

6/11×1/2
= 4/7×1/2+6/11×1/2 = 21/43

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