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MPMC PRJ Report

The document describes a power failure detection circuit project using an 8051 microcontroller and transformer. The circuit detects power outages and notifies the user through an alarm or display. It has applications in homes, offices, industries and other areas to prevent equipment damage from power failures.

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Rohit Guna
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32 views12 pages

MPMC PRJ Report

The document describes a power failure detection circuit project using an 8051 microcontroller and transformer. The circuit detects power outages and notifies the user through an alarm or display. It has applications in homes, offices, industries and other areas to prevent equipment damage from power failures.

Uploaded by

Rohit Guna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

Electronics and
Communications Engineering

ECLR13 MICROPROCESSOR
AND MICROCONTROLLER
LABORATORY

LAB PROJECT:
Power Failure Detection Circuit

SUBMITTED BY:
KUNAL HINDUJA 108121062
ANIKET TIWARI 108121018
PRINCE KUMAR 108121096
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. SRINIVASULU JOGI
Introduction:

Power failure is a common problem that can cause damage to


electrical equipment, data loss, and disruption of daily activities. To
prevent these problems, it is important to have a reliable power failure
detection circuit. In this project, we will design a power failure
detection circuit using an 8051 microcontroller and transformer.

Necessity:
A power detection circuit is an important component in many
electrical and electronic systems. Its main purpose is to detect the
presence and level of electrical power in a circuit, and to trigger other
components or circuits based on this information. Here are a few
reasons why a power detection circuit may be necessary:

Safety:
A power detection circuit can be used to ensure that a device or
system is not powered up unless the power supply is at a safe level.
For example, a power detection circuit can prevent a device from
turning on if the power supply voltage is too high, which could damage
the device or cause a safety hazard.
Efficiency: A power detection circuit can be used to optimize the
power consumption of a device or system. For example, a power
detection circuit can trigger a low-power mode when the power supply
voltage drops below a certain level, which can help to extend the
battery life of a device.
Fault detection: A power detection circuit can be used to detect faults
in a circuit or system. For example, a power detection circuit can
detect if a fuse has blown or if a circuit breaker has tripped, and
trigger an alarm or shut down the system to prevent damage.
Power sequencing: A power detection circuit can be used to sequence
the power-up or power-down of multiple components or circuits. For
example, a power detection circuit can delay the start of a high-power
motor until the power supply voltage has stabilized, to prevent
damage to the motor.

Objective of our project:


The objective of this project is to design a power failure detection
circuit that can detect power outages and notify the user through an
alarm or other means. This project outputs “NOP” if there is Power
Failure and “POW” if there is no Power Failure in the circuit.

Components:
The main components required for the circuit are:
● Transformer: A transformer is an electrical device that is
used to convert high voltage AC power to low voltage AC
power or vice versa. For the power failure detection circuit,
a step-down transformer can be used to convert the high
voltage AC power to low voltage AC power.
● 8051 Microcontroller: The 8051 microcontroller is a popular
microcontroller that is widely used in embedded systems. It
is a low-power, high-performance microcontroller that has a
wide range of applications.

● Diode Bridge: A diode bridge is a device that is used to


convert AC voltage to DC voltage. It is also known as a
rectifier.

● Virtual terminal: Used to display output as POW/NOP.


● Connecting Wires: The components in the circuit are
connected using connecting wires.

● Voltmeter: Voltmeter to show voltage at diode bridge.


Working Principle:
The power failure detection circuit is designed to detect the loss of AC
power and provide an alarm signal indicating the power failure. The
circuit uses a transformer to step down the AC voltage to a lower
level. The transformer is a passive device that consists of two or more
coils of wire wound around a magnetic core. When an AC voltage is
applied to the primary coil of the transformer, it induces a voltage in
the secondary coil that is proportional to the turns ratio of the
transformer.
The output of the transformer is then rectified using a diode bridge
rectifier. The rectifier converts the AC voltage to a DC voltage that can
be easily measured and monitored by the microcontroller. However,
the output of the rectifier contains ripple voltage, which can interfere
with the operation of the microcontroller. Therefore, a filter capacitor
is added to the circuit to smooth out the ripple voltage and produce a
stable DC voltage.
The microcontroller is the heart of the power failure detection circuit.
It continuously monitors the DC voltage and compares it with a preset
threshold value. The threshold value is set to a level slightly above the
normal operating voltage level. If the DC voltage drops below the
threshold value, the microcontroller considers it as a power failure and
shows no power.
The alarm can be in the form of a buzzer, LED, or any other means of
indication. When the alarm is triggered, it alerts the user that there is a
power failure, allowing them to take appropriate action, such as
shutting down sensitive equipment or switching to a backup power
source.
Circuit Diagram:

Software used for coding-keil uvision


Software used for circuit design-Proteus 8
Language used for coding-Assembly language program
Assembly Language Program:

org 00h
go:
setb P0.0
mov scon,#50h
mov tmod,#20h
mov th1,#0fdh
setb tr1
jb P0.0,tlab
jnb P0.0,tlab1
acall delay
acall delay
acall delay
sjmp go

tlab:
mov A,#"P" ;printing pow on virtual terminal
acall trans
mov A,#"O"
acall trans
mov A,#"W"
acall trans
mov A,#"-"
acall trans
sjmp go

tlab1:
mov A,#"N" ;printing npow on virtual terminal
acall trans
mov A,#"O"
acall trans
mov A,#"P"
acall trans
mov A,#"-"
acall trans
sjmp go

trans: ;trans subprogram


mov sbuf,A
second: jnb TI, second
clr TI
ret

delay: ;writing a delay program


loopb: mov r2,#200
loopa: mov r3,#250
nop
nop
mov th0,#00h
djnz r2,loopb
djnz r2,loopb
ret
END
Output:
a) Output when there is No Power:

b)Output when there is Power:


Applications:

The Power Failure Detector project based on the 8051 microcontroller


can be used in various applications where the detection of power
failure is critical. Some of the applications of this project are:

1. Home and office automation systems: The power failure detector


can be integrated into home and office automation systems to detect
power failures and automatically switch to backup power sources,
such as generators or batteries.

2. Industrial equipment: The power failure detector can be used in


industrial equipment to detect power failures and prevent damage to
sensitive equipment.

3. Medical equipment: The power failure detector can be used in


medical equipment, such as ventilators or heart monitors, to detect
power failures and switch to battery backup, ensuring the equipment
continues to function.

4. Data centers: The power failure detector can be used in data


centers to detect power failures and switch to backup power sources,
such as uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), ensuring that critical
data is not lost.

5. Security systems: The power failure detector can be used in


security systems to detect power failures and ensure that security
systems, such as alarms and cameras, remain functional.

Overall, the Power Failure Detector project based on the 8051


microcontroller can be used in any application where the detection of
power failure is critical, ensuring that the equipment or system
continues to function even in the event of power failure.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the power failure detection circuit using an 8051
microcontroller and transformer is a reliable and cost-effective
solution to detect power outages and prevent damage to electrical
equipment. The circuit design is simple and can be implemented
easily with the help of basic electronic components. The circuit can
also be further developed to add more features like battery backup,
data logging, and wireless communication to enhance its functionality.

The power failure detection circuit has a wide range of applications in


various settings such as homes, offices, and industries. In homes, the
circuit can be used to prevent damage to appliances such as
refrigerators, air conditioners, and washing machines. In offices, the
circuit can prevent data loss and disruption of work caused by power
outages. In industries, the circuit can prevent damage and downtime
of industrial machinery such as motors, pumps, and compressors.

Furthermore, the power failure detection circuit is a sustainable


solution for preventing damage to electrical equipment and reducing
electronic waste caused by power outages. The circuit can help to
save energy and reduce carbon footprint by avoiding the need to
replace damaged electronic equipment. Additionally, the circuit can
help to improve the overall reliability of the power supply system by
providing a warning of power outages.

Overall, the power failure detection circuit using an 8051


microcontroller and transformer is an effective and versatile solution
to prevent damage to electrical equipment caused by power outages.
Its simplicity and reliability make it a popular choice for various
applications in different settings, making it an essential component of
the modern power supply system.

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