What is An Adverbial?

An adverbial is a word or phrase that modifies the meaning of an adjective,

verb, adverb or clause.
 What Is an Adverbial of Time?
Adverbials can be grouped according to what they are describing.

Adverbials of time answer the question ‘when’.

Can you identify them in the following
sentences?

We are late for school.

I went to the beach .

yesterday

Now I’d like to leave.

Have you seen Hugo’s dog ?

today
 What Is an Adverbial of Place?
Adverbials can be grouped according to what they are describing.

Adverbials of place answer the question

‘where’. Can you identify them in the following
sentences?

Please may I come ?

in

Frank searched for his cat.

everywhere

We have been here for a few hours.

I went upstairsto find my hairbrush.

 What Is an Adverbial of Number?
Adverbials can be grouped according to what they are describing.

Adverbials of number answer the question ‘in

what order’. Can you identify them in the
following sentences?

Firstly, you need to preheat the oven.

, put the ingredients in the bowl.

Secondly

We will be having our history lesson .

next

Finally, Greta put her books away.

 What Is an Adverbial of Frequency?
Adverbials can be grouped according to what they are describing.

Adverbials of frequency answer the question

‘how often’. Can you identify them in the
following sentences?

I have only met her .

once

Tia visits her Grandfather .

frequently

It is alwaysbusy when we visit the shopping mall.

You should touch a hot iron.

never
 What Is an Adverbial of Manner?
Adverbials can be grouped according to what they are describing.

Adverbials of manner answer the question ‘in

what manner’. Can you identify them in the
following sentences?

Peter can speak Spanish .

fluently

We walked quietly
into the hall.

My teacher seemed pleasantly

surprised that I’d completed my homework.

Janine dances .
gracefully
 Sort the Adverbials
Adverbials can also be phrases as well as individual words. Prepositional
phrases can also sometimes act as adverbials.

Can you group these adverbial words and phrases?

Adverbials of Time Adverbials of Place Adverbials of Adverbials of Adverbials of
Number Frequency Manner

lastly every week very often firstly

Once in with fear in as quick as inside the straight on the

a while his eyes a flash classroom away ground
 Adverbials of Time and Place
Can you use adverbials of time and place when describing these images?

Every Saturday, I see a troop of Last night, I packed my teddy in

hilarious ducks swimming in the my bag to go on holiday – we
stream that runs through our are travelling all around the
town. world.

Before the end of the day,

On the playground, the minion Shaun will find a way to extract
was playing with the hoop all himself from the pot he is stuck
day. in on the patio.
 Adverbials of Frequency and Manner
Can you use adverbials of frequency and manner
when describing these images?

Although he was driving over the sand

With fear in his eyes, Kermit clung to the high cautiously, every now and then the car wheels
tree and continually called for help. got stuck.
 Adverbials of Number
Can you order these instructions and use adverbials of number to add cohesion?

Ice-Cream Cone Craft

Crumple tissue paper to fill the cone up to the top and glue this in.

Roll the brown paper into a cone shape and glue together.

Gather all the equipment needed, including paper, glue, cotton wool, beads, scissors and
pens.

Draw diagonal lines on the brown paper so that it looks like an ice-cream cone.

Drizzle PVA glue over the cotton wool so that you can stick beads on to look like
sprinkles.

Drizzle PVA glue over the tissue paper before sticking cotton wool to look like vanilla ice-
cream.
 Adverbials of Number Answers
Can you order these instructions and use adverbials of number to add cohesion?

Ice-Cream Cone Craft

Firstly, gather all the equipment needed, including paper, glue, cotton wool, beads,
scissors and pens.

Secondly, draw diagonal lines on the brown paper so that it looks like an ice-cream cone.

Thirdly, roll the brown paper into a cone shape and glue together.

Next, crumple tissue paper to fill the cone up to the top and glue this in.

Then, drizzle PVA glue over the tissue paper before sticking cotton wool to look like
vanilla ice-cream.

Finally, drizzle PVA glue over the cotton wool so that you can stick beads on to look like
sprinkles.
 Spin the Wheel
Spin the wheel to select an adverbial to use in your sentence.

Choose a picture to write an interesting sentence

about, using the adverbial that you have selected.
Is it an adverbial of time, place, manner,
Spin! frequency or number?
 Quick Quiz 1
Choose an appropriate adverbial to complete these sentences:

Time: We visited our Grandmother yesterday / last.week

Place: There are a large number of stray cats in the area /. outside

Frequency: We go swimming at the weekend.

often / occasionally

Manner: Maddie slid into the cool swimming pool .

as quick as a flash / cautiously

Number: Finally / Lastly

, put the cake in the oven at 180°C.
 Quick Quiz 2
Underline the adverbials in these sentences:

Firstly, we went into the museum for a workshop about the Ancient Egyptians.

The dog sat waiting by the door for its owner to come out of the shop.

Ms Williams says that I must finish my poem before the end of the day.

Without warning, a spider ran across the classroom floor which made us all scream.

Cacti hardly ever need water.

Extension: Which type of adverbial has

been used in each sentence?
 Quick Quiz 2
Underline the adverbials in these sentences:

Firstly, we went into the museum for a workshop about the Ancient Egyptians.

The dog sat waiting by the door for its owner to come out of the shop.

Ms Williams says that I must finish my poem before the end of the day.

Without warning, a spider ran across the classroom floor which made us all scream.

Cacti hardly ever need water.

Extension: Which type of adverbial has

been used in each sentence?
What Are Complex Sentences?

A complex sentence is a type of sentence tha t conta ins one independent

cla use a nd a t lea st one dependent cla use (sometimes ca lled a subordina te
cla use).

I a m going to ha ve ice crea m when I get home.

Independent Cla use

I a m going to ha ve ice crea m

Dependent (Subordina te) Cla use

when I get home.

What Are Complex Sentences?

A complex sentence conta ins a t lea st one independent cla use a nd a t lea st
one dependent cla use. Wha t do those mea n?!

Independent Cla use

A cla use tha t ca n sta nd a lone to crea te a

sentence, e.g. I am going to have ice cream.

Dependent Cla use

A group of words tha t conta ins a subject

a nd verb but does not express a complete
thought, e.g. when I get home
What Are Complex Sentences?

Let’s ha ve a look a t some complex sentences. The independent cla uses a re in

bold.

Many people enjoyed the movie, but Luke did not.

Marama was so excited to get a part in the production, even if

it wa s sma ll.

Beca use my lunch wa s cold, we heated it up in the microwave.

He wanted to go to the rugby game, even though it wa s

ra ining.

After the storm, the streets were covered in debris.

Have a Go!

Ha ve a go a t identifying the cla uses on the next few slides. Remember, a n

independent cla use will ma ke sense a s a sentence. A dependent cla use will
not ma ke sense a s a sentence.

After my dance class

Independent or Dependent

Click the correct a nswer.

Have a Go!

Remember, a n independent cla use will ma ke sense a s a sentence. A

dependent cla use will not ma ke sense a s a sentence.

Reuben plays hockey

Independent or Dependent

Click the correct a nswer.

Have a Go!

Ha ve a go a t identifying the cla uses on the next few slides. Remember, a n

independent cla use will ma ke sense a s a sentence. A dependent cla use will
not ma ke sense a s a sentence.

which was 20 minutes late

Independent or Dependent

Click the correct a nswer.

Clauses?

You ma y ha ve noticed tha t dependent cla uses ca n go a t the sta rt, middle or
end of a sentence:

After the storm, the streets were covered in debris.

The tra in, which was 20 minutes late, pulled into the sta tion.

Reuben pla ys hockey because he likes it.

Clauses?

Turn to the person next to you a nd ha ve a go crea ting your own complex
sentences. Remember, you need a n independent cla use a nd a dependent
(subordina te) cla use. Ta ke turns finishing ea ch other’s sentences.
Subordinate Words

Sometimes, complex sentences ha ve clues to help us spot the dependent

(subordina te) cla uses. These a re ca lled subordinate conjunctions , which is a
fa ncy wa y of sa ying a joining word.

Some of these subordina te conjunctions a re:

beca use where

while though
when before
ra ther a fter

Ca n you think of a ny others?

Complex Sentences Again

We use complex sentences to ma ke our writing more exciting. Remember, a

complex sentence ha s two pa rts, a n independent cla use (ca n be a sentence
on its own, e.g. the cat is fat ) a nd a dependent cla use (does not express a
full idea , e.g. because he gets spoiled). When you put the pa rts together,
you get a complex sentence.

Because he gets spoiled, the cat is fat.

Complex Sentences Again

Ha ve a go in your next piece of writing!

 Compound Sentences
A compound sentence joins two simple sentences.

The sentences can be joined by:

• a comma and a conjunction (joining word) such as ‘and’
• a semi-colon

Tom sat on the chair, and he put his shoes on.

The sky is clear; the sun is shining.

 Compound Sentences
Both clauses, or parts, of a compound sentence make sense on their own.

The dog was big, and it was scary.

The dog was big.

It was scary.

The wind was very strong; the umbrella blew away.

The wind was very strong.

The umbrella blew away.

 Conjunctions
Words that join sentences together are called conjunctions.

and but or yet so as

She didn’t see the step,and she fell.

I don’t like carrots, but I do like peas.

Can I get you a drink, or would you like one later?

I like to run, yet it can make me puff.

My mum races cars, so we are watching her on Friday.

We didn’t go to the movie, as it was on too late.

 Choose a Conjunction
Click on the conjunction that would join the sentences together.

and but or yet so as

but don’t fall in.

You can play near the mud, _____

as but or
 Choose a Conjunction
Click on the conjunction that would join the sentences together.

and but or yet so as

and put away the dishes please.

Put the bag on the bench, ____

yet so and
 Choose a Sentence
Remember, the clauses (parts) of the sentences must make sense on their own.
Click on the compound sentences.

The cat pounced on the mouse, but

The man snored, the beach.
the mouse escaped.

The train was late; it was moving

We packed up our bags, went home.
slowly on the track.
 Have a Go!
Complete the compound sentence.

I hea rd a n odd sound, but

Example

I heard an odd sound, but it was a bird playing in the leaves.

 Have a Go!
Complete the compound sentence.

The tea cher looked ma d, so

Example

The teacher looked mad, so we sat down quietly.

 Have a Go!
Complete the compound sentence.

The dinner wa s burnt, a nd

Example

The dinner was burnt, and it tasted pretty bad.

 Have a Go!
Complete the compound sentence.

Do you wa nt toa st, or

Example

Do you want toast, or do you want cereal?

 FANBOYS
One way to remember some conjunctions (joining words) is to use

F A N B O Y S
For And Nor But Or Yet So
 Writing Compound Sentences.
Write a compound sentence about the cat.

• Remember there will be two parts to the sentence

• Each part will make sense on its own
• You can use a conjunction (joining word) or a semi -colon ;
• Use FANBOYS to help you think of a conjunction

Example

The cat is sitting on the mat, and she is looking at me.

 Writing Compound Sentences.
Write a compound sentence a bout rugby.

• Remember there will be two pa rts to the sentence

• Ea ch pa rt will ma ke sense on its own
• You ca n use a conjunction (joining word) or a semi-colon ;
• Use FANBOYS to help you think of a conjunction

Example

I don’t like rugby, but everyone else loves it.

 Writing Compound Sentences.
Write a compound sentence a bout the sun.

• Remember there will be two pa rts to the sentence

• Ea ch pa rt will ma ke sense on its own
• You ca n use a conjunction (joining word) or a semi-colon ;
• Use FANBOYS to help you think of a conjunction

Example

The sun is shining; I am getting too hot!

 What Are Formal and
Informal Language?
Can you write definitions for ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ language?

Formal Language
Formal language is used for more official and serious purposes. The correct
grammar should always be used.

Informal Language
In informal situations and informal writing, a more relaxed casual and chatty
style can be used. Slang words and abbreviations are more acceptable .

Do you and your partner agree?

 What Are Formal and
Informal Language?
Sort the following criteria into formal or informal language conventions:

is clear and to the point use more contractions has a more serious tone
and abbreviations (e.g.
it’s or TV)

has a more ‘chatty’ tone uses the correct uses text- style words (lol)
grammar and
punctuation

uses specific vocabulary uses clichés (e.g. raining often uses complex
for the subject cats and dogs) sentence structures

Do you and your partner agree?

 What Are Formal and
Informal Language? Answers
formal informal

uses specific vocabulary use more contractions and

for the subject abbreviations (e.g. it’s or
TV)

uses the correct is clear and to the point

grammar and
punctuation
has a more ‘chatty’ tone

has a more serious tone uses clichés (e.g. raining

cats and dogs)
often uses complex
sentence structures uses text- style words (lol)
 Formal or Informal
Formal and informal language are more suited to different situations. Can you
sort the following situations into the correct place in the table, according to which
style of language would be more suitable?

presenting an award talking to the headteacher writing a letter of complaint

talking to friends talking on the phone to gran writing an email to a cousin

writing a report sending a text to a friend writing a personal diary

Formal Language talking to the headteacher

presenting an award
writing a letter of complaint
writing a report

Informal Language talking to friends

talking on the phone to gran
writing an email to a cousin
sending a text to a friend
writing a personal diary
 Formal or Informal Vocabulary
Some vocabulary is more formal, whereas other is more informal in tone. Can you
match these formal and informal words with the same meanings (synonyms)?

Formal Informal

profession now

injustice chance

sufficient enough

opportunity job

sacrifice give up

immediately not fair

 Your Turn – Formal Vocabulary
Choose a square to reveal a picture. Write a sentence using a formal alternative of
the word given:

? ? ?
get better job live in

? ? ?
now enough speak to
 Formal or Informal?
Read the following emails and decide whether they are formal or informal :

Dear Sir/Madam, Hi Kerry,

I am writing to inform you of my You know the lucky dip bag I bought
upset when I opened the lucky dip when we went into town yesterday?
bag I had recently purchased with Well, you’ll never believe what
my own pocket money. happened when I opened it – there
was a broken, copy of the toy instead
I was disappointed to find that my of the real thing!
favourite toy brand had been replaced
with an inadequate copy, which even I was so shocked and annoyed that
had pieces missing. I’ve emailed the company to tell
them what I think.
I shall expect to be fully compensated
for the distress and inconvenience I hope they send me a new one ASAP
this experience has caused me and so I can complete the set.
hope that you send a replacement
promptly. Was your pack ok? I hope so.

Yours sincerely, C u soon,

formal Frankie informal
Miss F. James
 Your Turn – Informal Vocabulary
Choose a square to reveal a picture. Write a sentence using an informal alternative
of the word given:

? ? ?
require inform you refund

? ? ?
purchase apologise spectacles
 Formal or Informal?
Read these sentences. What do you notice about them?

in PE.
The teacher demands that you be present in PE.

Our Queen requests that you attend

attend at 9am prompt.

If I were
wereyou,
you,I Iwould
wouldtry
tryharder
harderininmy
mylessons.
lessons.

These sentences all use thesubjunctive verb form ,

which makes sentences sound more formal.
 Quick Quiz 1
Which sentence is written in formal language?

You’ll have a great trip!

II guarantee
guaranteethat
that your
your experience
experience willa be
will be a positive
positive one. one.

The flight was quite bumpy.

 Quick Quiz 2
Change these sentences from informal to formal language:

Please come to see me tomorrow.

I am requesting that you visit me tomorrow.

I reckon we’ll have a fun time together.

I guarantee that we will have an enjoyable time together.

Let me know if you can make it ASAP.

Please inform me if you are able to attend as soon as possible.
 Disclaimer/s
We hope you find the information on our website and resources useful.
Animations

This resource has been designed with animations to make it as fun and engaging as
possible. To view the content in the correct formatting, please view the PowerPoint in ‘slide
show mode’. This takes you from desktop to presentation mode. If you view the slides out
of ‘slide show mode’, you may find that some of the text and images overlap each other
and/or are difficult to read.
To enter slide show mode, go to the slide show menu tab and select either from beginning
or from current slide.

You may wish to delete this slide before beginning the presentation.
Simple Sentences

Simple sentences start with a capital letter.

This is Jen the Cat.

They end with a full stop.

Jen has orange fur.

Simple sentences have spaces between words.

She is on a boat.

They make sense when you read them.

Jen is going to see her friend.
 Simple Sentences

Sentences start with a capital letter.

Click on the correct highlighted word that should have a capital letter.

This
this is a dog. Try again

we went to
We the zoo. Try again

mum
Mum is in the car. Try again
 Simple Sentences

Sentences end with a full stop.

Click to reveal where the full stop should be placed.

I am hungry .

Look at the dog.

Sam had a drink .

 Simple Sentences

Sentences ha ve spa ces between words.

Ca n you see where there is a missing finger spa ce?
Click the words to push them a pa rt.

I a te mylunch.

Daddha
Da hadd a blue shirt.

Look
Lookaatt the red
redsky.
sky.
 Simple Sentences

Sentences should make sense when we read them.

Read these sentences.
Choose a word from the boxes and click it to place it so that the
sentence makes sense.

This is my .
The was on the mat.

I saw his in the car.

dog cat bag

 Have a Go

Can you fix this sentence so it is correct?

Click each circle to see what is included.
Click the ‘check’ button to see the correct sentence.

mum and dad are at the zoo.

Starts with a capital letter

Ends with a full stop
check
Makes sense
Has spaces between words

Mum and dad are at the zoo.

 Have a Go

Can you fix this sentence so it is correct?

Click each circle to see what is included.
Click the ‘check’ button to see the correct sentence.

The dog was.

Starts with a capital letter

Ends with a full stop
check
Makes sense
Has spaces between words
*This could be
any word that
finishes the
The dog was running . sentence to
help it make
sense.
 Have a Go

Can you fix this sentence so it is correct?

Click each circle to see what is included.
Click the ‘check’ button to see the correct sentence.

Wesawabigjet.

Starts with a capital letter

Ends with a full stop
check
Makes sense
Has spaces between words

We saw a big jet .

 Have a Go

Can you fix this sentence so it is correct?

Click each sentence to see what is included.
Click the ‘check’ button to see the correct sentence.

I like to run fast

Starts with a capital letter

Ends with a full stop
check
Makes sense
Has spaces between words

I like to run fast.

 Make a Sentence

Can you help put these sentences in the right order?

bone. dog The ate the

 Make a Sentence

Can you help put these sentences in the right order?

name My is Sam.
 Make a Sentence

Can you help put these sentences in the right order?

We park. went the to

 Using Capital Letters

This is a very strange picture!

Can you write a sentence about it?

Check your sentence:

Starts with a capital letter

Ends with a full stop

Makes sense

Has spaces between words

 Using Capital Letters

This is a very strange picture!

Can you write a sentence about it?

Check your sentence:

Starts with a capital letter

Ends with a full stop

Makes sense

Has spaces between words

 Using Capital Letters

This is a very stra nge picture!

Ca n you write a sentence a bout it?

Check your sentence:

Sta rts with a ca pita l letter

Ends with a full stop

Ma kes sense

Ha s spa ces between words