ETABS NOTES

1. DEFINE NUMBER OF STORIES, HEIGHTS, AND GRIDS

 Define Display Units
 Steel Section Data Base
 Steel Design Code
 Concrete Design Code
 Define Number of Stories
 Define Typical Story height and bottom story height
 Select custom grid spacing
 Click edit grid data
 Select display grid as spacing
 Add grid spacing in horizontal direction from top to bottom
 Add grid spacing in vertical direction from bottom to top with the first value=0
 Keep the last spacing of grid=0 in both axes
2. DEFINE MATERIALS
 Define fc’ for vertical elements (columns, walls & foundations) i.e. fc’=4000 PSI
Use the material 4000PSI
Modulus of Elasticity E= 57000 √4000= 3604996.5 lb/in2
Click Modify/Show material properties
Define fc’=4000 PSI
 Define fc’ for horizontal elements (Slabs & Beams)
Define + Material Properties + Copy the already existing concrete i.e. 4000 PSI
Name the material 3000PSI ~
Calculate E= 57000 √ 3000 = 3122018.57 lb/in2
Click Modify/Show material properties
Define fc’=3000PSI
 Define fy for Longitudinal Reinforcement i.e. Gr 60
Weight per unit volume of steel = 490 lb/ft3
Modulus of Elasticity E= 29000000 lb/in2
Click Modify/Show materials property
fy (Yield Strength) = 60000 lb/in2
fu (Ultimate Strength) =fy*1.5= 60000*1.5= 90000 lb/in2
fye (Expected yield) =fy*1.1= 60000*1.1= 66000 lb/in2
fue (Expected Tensile) =fu*1.1= 90000*1.1= 99000 lb/in2
 Define fyt for Transverse Reinforcement i.e. Gr 40 (40000) lb/in2
Add copy of material Gr 60
Name it Gr 40 =40000 lb/in2
Weight per unit volume of steel = 78KN/m3
Modulus of Elasticity E=29000000 lb/in2
Click Modify/Show materials property
fy (Yield Strength) = 40000 lb/in2
fu(Ultimate Strength)= fy*1.5= 40000*1.5= 60000 lb/in2
fye (Expected yield) = fy*1.1= 40000*1.1= 44000 lb/in2
fue (Expected Tensile) = fu*1.1= 60000*1.1= 66000 lb/in2
  Define Masonry Wall Material 9” 1500 PSI
Add new material + Type Masonry + 1500 PSI
Name it Masonry 9”
3. DEFINE SECTIONS
 Define + Section Properties + Frame Sections
 Delete the already existing standard sections
3.1. Define Column Sections
 Click “Add New Property” ~ Click Rectangular Concrete
 Name it as Column 9”x 9”
Select Material of the column as “fc’ 4000 PSI “
Modify depth and width of the column as 9” by 9”
Click Reinforcement ~ Modify/ Show Rebar
Select Design Type as Column
Select “Rebar fy Longitudinal =60 Gr for Longitudinal Reinforcement
Select “Rebar fy Transverse = 40 or 60 Gr for Confinement Bars (Ties)
Stiffness Modifier (0.7)
 Add Copy of Column 9”x 9”
Name It as Column 12”x 12”
Select Material of the column as “fc’4000 PSI “
Modify depth and width of the column as 12” by 12”
Click Reinforcement ~ Modify/ Show Rebar
Select Design Type as Column
Select “Rebar fy Longitudinal =60 Gr for Longitudinal Reinforcement
Select “Rebar fy Transverse =40 or 60 Gr for Confinement Bars (Ties)
Stiffness Modifier (0.7)
3.2. Define Beam Sections
 Click “Add New Property” ~ Click Rectangular Concrete
Name it as Beam 9”x 18”
Select Material of the beam as “fc’ 3000 PSI
Modify depth and width of the Beam as 18” by 9” respectively
Click Modify/ Show Rebar
Select Design Type as Beam
Select “Rebar fy Longitudinal =60 Gr” for Longitudinal Reinforcement
Select “Rebar fy Transverse =40 or 60 Gr for Confinement Bars (Ties)
Stiffness Modifier (0.35)
 Add Copy of Beam 9”x 18”
Name it as Beam 9”x 36”
Select Material of the beam as “fc’ 3000 PSI
Modify depth and width of the Beam as 36” by 9” respectively
Click Modify/ Show Rebar
Select Design Type as Beam
Select “Rebar fy Longitudinal =60 Gr” for Longitudinal Reinforcement
Select “Rebar fy Transverse =40 or 60 Gr” for Confinement Bars (Ties)
Stiffness Modifier (0.35)
3.3. Define Shear Wall Sections
Define + Section Properties + Wall Sections
Name it as Shear Wall
Select Wall Material as fc’4000PSI
 Modify Thickness as 16”
3.4 Define Retaining Wall Sections
Define + Section Properties + Wall Sections
Name it as Retaining Wall
Select Wall Material as fc’4000 PSI
Modify Thickness as 12” or 9”
3.5. Define Slab Sections
 Define + Section Properties + Slab Sections
Delete the 1st one and Modify Slab 1
Name it as “Waffle Slab Type”
Select fc’=3000 PSI
Select Type as Waffle
Modify Over all Depth
Modify Slab Thickness
Modify Slab Width at Top = Rw Rib Width = Standard (7.87 in) 200mm
Modify Slab Width at Bottom = Rw Rib Width = Standard (7.87 in) 200mm
Modify Spacing of Ribs 1 X Axis
Modify Spacing of Ribs 2 Y Axis
 Define + Section Properties + Slab Sections
Slab 6’’ 3000PSI
Stiffness Modifier (0.25)
Usually stiffness modifier is not applied for slab
4. DRAW ELEMENTS
4.1. Draw Shear Walls
R to L, Bottom to Top
Define + Pier Labels
Add pier labels according to the number of stories
Assign each shape of the shear wall a different pier label Or Assign a pier label to
every separate shear wall
Assign + Shell + Pier Label
4.2. Draw Retaining Walls
R to L, Bottom to Top
4.3. Draw Columns
Press Quick Draw Columns
4.4. Draw Beams
4.5. Draw Stairs
Method 1
Stairs can be drawn as a slab with thickness of 18”
Method 2
4.6. Draw Slabs
Select contour and draw the slab
5. Meshing of Slabs & Walls
WALLS
Select + Select +Walls
Assign + Shell + Wall Auto Mesh
 Select Auto Rectangular Mesh
Click Advanced – Modify / show Rectangular mesh settings
Modify mesh size
FLOORS
Select + Select + Floors
Assign + Shell + Floor Auto Mesh
Click Auto Cookie cut object into structural elements
Click Further mesh Where needed to maximum element size of
Click Advanced and Modify the size of mesh
6. SUPPORTS MODELING
Select all the joints at base
Assign + Joints + Restraints
Select pin Support
Make Sure only one story is selected at bottom right
7. DEFINE LOADS ON SLAB
Define + Load Patterns
Add Super Dead and select Super Dead from type of load
Select the slab
Assign + Shell Loads + Uniform
Add Dead Load 60 lb/ft3
Add Live Load 60 lb/ft3
8. DEFINE LOAD ON BEAMS
Walls 8” =8.85 Kip/ft
Walls 6” =6.63 Kip/ft
Walls 4” =4.42 Kip/ft
Select + Select + Object Type + Beams + Select
Assign + Frame Loads + Distributed
Modify Load in Uniform Load

9. DEFINE EARTHQUAKE LOADS (STATIC METHOD)

Regular < 73m Static
Regular > 73m Dynamic
Irregular < 21m Static
Irregular > 21m Dynamic
Irregular number of stories 5 and above Dynamic
Eccentricity between center of mass and rigidity > 20% Dynamic
STATIC CASE PROCEDURE
 Define + Load Patterns
Add EQX + Type Seismic + UBC 97
Add EQY+ Type Seismic + UBC 97
 For comparison of static and dynamic loads, add 4 load combinations separately
Add VXP + Type Seismic + UBC 97
Add VXN+ Type Seismic + UBC 97
Add VYP + Type Seismic + UBC 97
 Add VYN + Type Seismic + UBC 97
Table 16-I Seismic Zone Factor Z | UBC 1997 Vol 2 Pdf Page 30

Table 16-J Soil Profile Types | UBC 1997 Vol 2 Pdf Page 30

TABLE 16-N—STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS1 | UBC 1997 Vol 2 Pdf Page 32

 Without Shear Walls

With Frame and

Shear Walls

`TABLE 16-Q—SEISMIC COEFFICIENT Ca | UBC 1997 Vol 2 Pdf Page 34

TABLE 16-R—SEISMIC COEFFICIENT Cv | UBC 1997 Vol 2 Pdf Page 35

  TIME PERIOD
1. Method A | UBC 1997 | 1630.2.2 Structure Period | Pdf pg 14
T=Ct (hn)3/4
 Ct = 0.035 (0.0853) for steel moment-resisting frames.
 Ct = 0.030 (0.0731) for reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames and
eccentrically braced frames.
 Ct = 0.020 (0.0488) for all other buildings.
 hn= Height of building in feet
 Value of Ct for structures with concrete or masonry shear walls may be taken as
Ct= 0.1 √ Ac
Where, Ac= Σ Ae(0.2+(De/hn)2 )
De/hn should be less than 0.9
DYNAMIC CASE PROCEDURE
 Define + Functions + Response Spectrum
Select UBC 97 + Add New Function
Name it Dynamic
Add Ca & Cv Seismic Coefficients + Ok
Delete the default function
 Define Load Cases
Add New Case
Name it SpecX (It’s the Dynamic Load in direction X)
Load Case Type + Response Spectrum
Click Add Twice
U1 Dynamic Divide Scale factor with R=5.5
U3 (z) Dynamic Divide Scale factor over 3
Divide Scale factor with R=5.5
 Click Add copy of SpecX Case
Name it SpecY
U2 Dynamic Divide Scale factor with R=5.5
U3 (z) Dynamic Divide Scale factor over 3
Divide Scale factor with R=5.5

10. DEFINE WIND LAOD

Define + Load Patterns + Add a new load name it as “Wind” UBC97
Click Modify
 Modify the speed
Select the exposure height
11. DEFINE DIAPHRAGMS
Add rigid Diaphragms according to the number of stories
Define Semi-Rigid in case if openings are more than 40% of Plan Area
Go to each story and assign a diaphragm
Story 1 + Right click + Assignments + Diaphragms + Select 1

12. DEFINE MASS SOURCE

Define + Mass Source
Modify the already existing source
Check only specified load patterns
Add only dead load in load patterns
13. Define Modal Cases
Define + Modal Cases
Maximum Number of Modes = 3x Number of stories
14. CHECK THE MODAL
Select the whole structure
Analyze + Check the modal
Check all the options without the 2 options of fix
15. DEFINE LOAD COMBINATIONS
Define + Load Combinations + Add Default Design Combo
Select concrete frame design
16. ANALYSIS
Analyze + Set load cases to run + Make sure Calculate Diaphragm Centre of rigidity is
selected
Run Analysis
 Check center of mass and center of rigidity
 Display + Show tables
 Analysis + Result + Structure Result + Centre of mass and rigidity
17. COMPARISON OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOADS
Dynamic loads should be greater than or equal to the static loads
Display ~ Show Tables ~ Analysis ~ Results ~ Reactions ~ Base Reactions
Right Click Load Cases / combo
Select only the static and dynamic loads
Divide Fx value of VXP with Specx
If the answer is greater than one, increase the dynamic loading
Divide Fy value of VXP with SpecY
If the answer is greater than one, increase the dynamic loading
Unlock
Define ~ Load Cases ~ Increase the SpecX & SpecY Scale factor values
Run the analysis again
Make Sure that dynamic loads are greater the static loads
Display ~ Show Tables ~ Analysis ~ Results ~ Reactions ~ Base Reactions
18. CHECK STORY DISPLACEMENT
Limit of Story Displacement = L/500
L is the height of building in “mm”
Display ~ Story Response Plot
Display Type + Max Story Displacement
Cases/Combo
If the dynamic load cases are applied then check for SpecX & SpecY
Also check the displacement values for static load cases
Maximum story displacement of the graph should be lower than the calculate one.
o Story displacement can be decreased by increasing the size of columns
19. CHECK STORY DRIFT
1630.9.2 UBC 1997 Vol 2 Pdf Pg 16 of 545
Maximum Inelastic Response Displacement Δm = 0.7 R Δs
R= Structural system coefficient
Δs Design Level Response Displacements = Elastic deflection due to strength level
design seismic forces
Seismic forces used to determine Δs may be calculated using a reliability/redundancy
factor equal to 0.1

1=Weight of the Building

2=Base Shear
3=Time Period
4=Modal Direction Factors
5=Max. Story Drift
6=Torsional Irregularity
7=Max. Slab/Beams Deflection
8=Columns Reinforcement
9=Max. Story Displacement
10=Story Forces
11=Story Shears