1. In 2017, scientists supported the ---- of forest 4.

Organised into a number of structural and

protection systems which could remove more than 7 functional divisions, the nervous system operates so --
gigatonnes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere --- that most of the time its myriad activities take
annually. place virtually unnoticed.

A) abandonment A) accidentally

B) fragility B) artificially

C) resistance C) smoothly

D) challenge D) promisingly

E) establishment E) deliberately

2. Nitrogen is the most ---- element in the 5. The basis for increased consumption of precooked
atmosphere, making up about 78% by volume of the foods ----- the changing attitude towards meals and
air that surrounds the Earth. meal preparation.

A) conflicting A) makes out

B) convertible B) takes on

C) appropriate C) lies in

D) abundant D) goes through

E) corruptible E) brings about

3. According to a 2011 study by researchers at the 6. By eliminating governorships held by nobles on a

University of Illinois, short breaks from a task can ----- hereditary basis and instituting a new hierarchy of
our ability to focus on that task and make us more local officials directly responsible ----- the king, the
productive. Assyrian kings gained greater control ------ the
resources of the empire.
A) surpass
A) for / above
B) boost
B) with/beyond
C) appreciate
C) to/over
D) recognise
D) by/in
E) assess
E) against/on
7. -------- from a 16,000-year-old site, the stone tools 10. In the late 19th century, many observations of
found near the Columbia River reveal that the first antibiotic action among microorganisms were
people -------- to the Americas came from north- reported; ----, the significance of these observations
eastern Asia. was not appreciated at the time.

A) To have recovered / migrating A) however

B) Having recovered / to have migrated B) as a result

C) Having been recovered / to migrate C) similarly

D) To recover / having migrated D) therefore

E) To be recovered / migrate E) otherwise

8. The use of symbols for the chemical elements ---- 11. Reward Deficiency Syndrome is related to a
long before a systematic method ----. number of mental health disorders ----- standing alone
as a separate and distinct mental illness.
A) has existed / has been developed
A) rather than
B) would have existed / will be developed
B) along with
C) had existed / was developed
C) in terms of
D) could exist / had been developed
D) with regard to
E) used to exist / is developed
E) due to

9. Children may sometimes repeat words or phrases

they hear; however, it does not necessarily mean they 12. The olive tree was ---- a major driving force in the
are learning ------ the sounds they produce are used in economies of the ancient Greeks ---- it was believed to
a meaningful context. have been a gift of the gods.

A) once A) such/that

B) because B) the more / the more

C) unless C) as/as

D) as if D) whether / or

E) after E) so / that
There is much evidence that audience members form 15.
strong affective attachments to mass media
characters and personalities and that these A) may come to
relationships tend to be stronger for individuals who B) could have come to
are active viewers. Researchers have used the term
'parasocial relationship to describe this type of C) had to come to
affective bond, which develops (13) ------- time. (14) ---
D) would have come to
-- they know what they are watching is fictional,
audience members often feel as though they are part E) should have come to
of the events. And, they respond in some ways as if
they were witnessing or participating in real
interactions with people they know. In time, they (15)
------ feel that they know these individuals as well as
they know their real-world friends or neighbours. This
type of (16) -------- leads to the formation of emotional
attachments or parasocial bonds. Many viewers 16.
become so emotionally tied to fictional characters in
A) equity
television series that the disappearance of these
characters (17)---- either the plot of the program or B) intervention
the end of the series is emotionally upsetting.
C) resistance

D) distinction
13.
E) involvement
A) over

B) from

C) into
17.
D) off
A) in case of
E) around
B) prior to

C) despite
14.
D) due to
A) Even if
E) except for
B) By the time

C) Given that

D) So long as

E) In case
18. If infants are fed an unbalanced diet of starchy 20. Because of the large number of college students
foods that are low in essential proteins, -----. who would benefit from career development
intervention, ------.
A) surplus protein drains calcium from the body,
perhaps actively contributing to osteoporosis A) academic achievement helps build self-efficacy
with respect to their area of study
B) their mental development and functioning may be
severely altered following major protein deficiency B) academic achievement represents an important
aspect of college students' career development
C) the immune system of infants shields them from
infections C) many colleges and universities offer courses or
brief workshops designed to teach self-exploration
D) altering the unique three-dimensional structure of and job search skills
a protein usually causes a loss in biological function
D) career intervention takes place in the classroom,
E) infants’ digestive system gradually develops to at a counselling or career centre, or in a job
digest dairy products placement office

E) it is common for parents to interfere with career

decisions of their children

19. Although a map is only a representation of spatial

reality, and all maps contain some element of
distortion or inaccuracy, ----.
21. Although printing using moveable blocks appeared
A) the development of detailed maps has been in China as early as 1040, -----.
brought by geographical expeditions
A) it soon became much cheaper than handwritten
B) a printed map shows spatial relationships for only
works which took much more time to complete
a specific point in history
B) the first effective press for printing books using
C) a map is typically a two-dimensional representation moveable metal type and oil-based ink emerged in
of a three-dimensional surface 15th-century Europe
D) the accuracy of the information illustrated in maps C) the number of booksellers and publishers
may be degraded as time passes increased in conjunction with the technological
E) maps are the most direct means of displaying and improvements across the country
analysing geographic information D) the first picture book for children was produced in
Germany after Gutenberg's introduction of the
printing machine

E) it was the first country allowing political writers to

share their ideas with public by using printing
technology
22. -----, general accurate definition, encompassing all 23. Chemical irrigation can be an effective method for
possible causes and mechanisms of the disease, is still pest management provided that the system is
not available. properly designed and well operated and that the
essential safety precautions are followed.
A) Given that asthma is generally caused by inhaling
an allergen that sets off the chain of biochemical and A) Kimyasal sulamanın düzgün tasarlanması, iyi
tissue changes işletilmesi ve gerekli güvenlik önlemlerinin takip
edilmesi onun etkili bir haşere kontrol yöntemi
B) Because the muscle tissue in the walls of bronchi go olduğunu gösterir.
into spasm in an asthma attack and the cells lining the
airways swell B) Kimyasal sulamada, düzgün tasarlanmış, iyi işletilen
ve gerekli güvenlik önlemlerinin takip edildiği bir
C) Although an attack of asthma may easily be sistem kullanılması durumunda bu yöntem etkili bir
described since it involves acutely occurring shortness haşere kontrol yöntemi olabilir.
of breath and wheezing
C) Kimyasal sulamanın etkili bir haşere kontrol
D) While the changes in the lungs of asthmatic yöntemi olabilmesi için sistemin düzgün tasarlanması,
persons make the airways hyper-reactive to many iyi işletilmesi ve gerekli güvenlik önlemlerini takip
different types of stimuli etmesi gerekir.
E) Since asthmatic children often need medication at D) Kimyasal sulama, sistemin düzgün tasarlanması, iyi
school to control acute symptoms or to prevent kullanılması ve gerekli güvenlik önlemlerinin takip
exercise-induced attacks edilmesi kaydıyla etkili bir haşere kontrol yöntemi
olabilir.

E) Kimyasal sulama, düzgün tasarlanan ve iyi işletilen

bir sistemin yanı sıra gerekli güvenlik önlemlerinin
takip edilmesiyle etkili bir haşere kontrol yöntemi
olarak kullanılabilir.
24. Antik Yunan'daki insanlar doğaüstü güçlerin
varlığına inansalar da dönemin filozofları dünyayı
gözlem ve mantığa dayanarak açıklamaya
çalışmışlardır.

A) Whereas the philosophers of ancient Greece tried

to explain the world based on observation and reason,
the people of the time believed in the existence of
supernatural forces.

B) Although the people in ancient Greece believed in

the existence of supernatural forces, the philosophers
of the time tried to explain the world based on
observation and reason.

C) Unlike the people of ancient Greece who believed

in the existence of supernatural forces, the
philosophers of the time made use of observation and
reason to explain the world.

D) While ancient Greeks believed in the existence of

supernatural forces, the philosophers of the time tried
to explain the world by making observations based on
reason.

E) Philosophers in ancient Greece explained the world

through their observations and reasoning; however,
the people of the time believed in the existence of
supernatural forces.
Human malaria is caused by different species of a 26.Which of the following can be inferred from the
parasite belonging to genus plasmodium. Many passage about malaria?
animals can get malaria, but human malaria does not
permeate to animals. In turn, animal malaria does not A) Physicians can diagnose malaria upon the
spread to humans. A person gets malaria when bitten examination of the liver in the human body.
by a female mosquito seeking a blood meal that is B) Symptoms of malaria are not apparent until the
infected with the malaria parasite. The parasites enter infection spreads throughout the body in the
the blood stream and travel to the liver, where they bloodstream.
multiply. When they re-emerge into the blood,
symptoms appear. The parasites reproduce very C) Transmission of malaria among people is
rapidly, clogging blood vessels and rupturing blood impossible without mosquitos carrying infected blood.
cells, without providing the patient with early
D) Malaria is rather dangerous as countless cases of
indications. Malaria cannot be casually transmitted
this disease have been seen among people travelling
directly from one person to another. Instead, a
by air.
mosquito bites an infected person and then passes
the infection on to the next human it bites. It is also E) One of the most common sources of infection in
possible to spread malaria via contaminated needles malaria is infected medical equipment.
or in blood transfusions. This is why all blood donors
are carefully screened with questionnaires for
possible exposure to malaria. It is possible to contract
malaria in non-endemic areas, although such cases
are rare. Nevertheless, at least 89 cases of so-called 27. Which of the following can replace the underlined
airport malaria, in which travellers contract malaria verb ‘permeate’ in the passage?
while passing through crowded airport terminals,
have been identified since 1969. A) penetrate

B) maintain

25.The author clearly states that malaria ---. C) spread

A) is hardly transmitted among animals, yet it can pass D) occur

from one human to another
E) stimulate
B) is easy to contract in crowded areas due to lack of
social distance

C) does not pose a threat to humans during blood

transfusions 28.What can be the best title for this passage?

D) occurs when parasites are passed on to the human A) How to Avoid Malaria
body by specific agents
B) Malaria: Prevention and Cure
E) is only infectious in endemic areas where certain
mosquitos are amply found C) Conventional Treatments for Malaria

D) Malaria: Causes and Symptoms

E) Diagnosis of a Deadly Disease

Film was introduced into China by Westerners in the 30. Which is not true about foreign films pouring into
late 19th century. Since then, China's film market had Chinese market in early 20th century?
been dominated by foreign films until 1950, when the
Chinese government adopted a policy that opposed A) The interest in Western movies in China started
Western cultural influence fearing that it would with dramas featuring romantic elements.
corrupt the society. Although domestic film B) Chinese people living in towns and cities started to
production began as early as 1905, the chronic learn about foreign film actors.
shortage of capital, technical personnel and political
instability prevented the domestic film industry from C) One of the very first categories to amuse Chinese
being competitive in the market. Hence, imported viewers was films involving crime stories.
foreign films flooded China's big cities. In the 1900s-
D) Chinese audience preferred watching different film
20s, three types of Western films came to China in
genres over time.
tandem. First, it was the detective films and thrillers
that attracted Chinese audiences during the 1910s. E) Some genres gained significance following historical
Then, with the end of World War I, war films and films events.
about the military prowess of the Western countries
became the box-office attractions in the 1920s.
Finally, the human drama of love and romance gained
unrivalled popularity among the Chinese audience
from the mid-1920s. Stars such as Charlie Chaplin, 31. Which could be the best title for the passage?
Harold Lloyd, Douglas Fairbanks and Lilian Gish
became familiar household names to many urban A) The Impact of WWWI on Chinese Film Industry
Chinese.
B) The Influences of Western Films on Chinese Culture

C) The History of Domestic Film Production in China

29. It is clear from the passage that Chinese
D) Chinese Audience's Admiration for Western Movie
government ------.
Stars
A) encouraged European film-making companies to
E) The Introduction of Western Films to China
invest in China

B) worried that their social values might be adversely

affected by foreign films

C) wanted to improve their citizens' general 32. Which of the following best describes the author's
knowledge through film industry attitude toward such stars as Charlie Chaplin, Harold
Lloyd, Douglas Fairbanks and Lilian Gish?
D) entered the film market with the aim of becoming
the forerunner of the industry A) indifferent

E) funded local film-making companies to promote B) satirical

their ideology
C) impartial

D) appreciating

E) disappointed
33. 34.

Journalist: Richard:

- So, your company has set up a system that offers - I saw a video the other day on the Internet about a
online clinical-counselling, and you're the chief polyglot.
operating officer. Do you think e-therapy is more
effective for certain people? Lucy:

Psychologist: - A polyglot? What's that?

- Of course, for any therapy to be effective, it has to Richard:

meet the individual needs of patients. Etherapy may - A polyglot is a person who speaks several different
appeal to people looking for convenience, flexibility languages. The person in the video I saw speaks eight
and privacy, in particular. College students and worker languages including Portuguese and Chinese.
with not much time usually opt for our online
services. Lucy:

Journalist: - ----

- ---- Richard:

Psychologist: - There are some methods used. For example,

allocating a few hours a day for a language until
- People have a tendency to think that because you're mastering it, including intense listening and speaking
using an online service, it must be impersonal and activities.
can't have the same effect. But it's not true. The
difference in results between e-therapy and a face-to- A) Why aren’t there more people who can speak
face one is quite minimal. many languages like this?

A) How do you talk tech-challenged people into e- B) What’s the minimum number of languages needed
therapy? to describe someone as a polyglot?

B) Why do you think e-therapy will overtake face-to- C) Do you think he’s completely fluent in all eight of
face therapy? those languages?

C) What is the biggest myth about e-therapy? D) How do you think such people manage to learn so
many languages?
D) How does an e-therapy session work?
E) How many more languages do you think he can add
E) How does e-therapy help people with a serious to his repertoire?
mental illness?
35 -Despite the overwhelming prevalence of mental 36. Because dark matter is invisible, it can only be
health conditions, a large proportion of people detected through indirect means, primarily by
affected do not have access to treatment. analysing its effect on visible material.

A) Even though mental health conditions have A) Analysis of its effect on observable material is one
become more widespread, the number of those who of the numerous ways of detecting dark matter, which
undergo treatment has not increased. is otherwise non-observable.

B) Although most people who have been suffering B) As dark matter is not observable, only indirect
from mental health conditions know that they must methods can be used in detecting it, mainly through
be treated, they may be unwilling to seek professional analysis of its effect on material which is visible.
help.
C) Detection of dark matter, which is non-observable,
C) Mental health conditions are causing trouble for has been made possible only by analysing its effect on
more and more people, but there are not so many visible material, though some other indirect methods
treatment options for patients. have been used and failed.

D) While mental health conditions are extremely D) Although dark matter cannot be observed directly,
common, medical care does not reach a huge amount scientists have developed an indirect method in which
of people who suffer from them. they analyse its effect on visible material.

E) Mental health conditions have become increasingly E) Were it not for indirect methods such as analysing
pervasive; however, very few people recognise the its effect on visible material, we might not have been
need for treatment. able to be aware of the invisible dark matter.
37. Populations depend on resources, including space, 38. The mechanism by which fermentation occurs was
food, and opportunities to escape from predators. The the subject of extensive discussion in the early 1800s.
amount of a resource potentially available to a It was a key issue among those arguing over the
population is generally thought of as being a property concept of vitalism, the notion that living organisms
of the environment. -- Thus, individuals are said to are in some way inherently different from non-living
compete for them. Larger populations result in a objects. One aspect in this debate centred on the role
smaller share of resources per person, which may lead of so-called ‘ferments’ in the conversion of sugars and
to reduced survival and reproduction. Dense starches to alcohol. Vitalists argued that ferments are
populations also attract predators and provide inextricably linked to a living cell. ---- However, an
conditions for rapid transmission of contagious experiment carried out by the German chemist
diseases, which generate pressure to reduce Eduard Buchner in 1896 found out that the ferments
population size. themselves, distinct from any living organism, could
cause fermentation.
A ) Factors influencing the survival and reproductive
success of individuals form the basis for
understanding population processes.
A) Temperature plays a significant role in changing the
B) The probability of extinction decreases with texture of the fermented material.
increasing population size and increasing excess of
B) One of the most successful commercıal applications
births over deaths.
of fermentation has been the production of ethyl
C) As individuals consume resources they reduce alcohol.
theavailability of these resources to others in the
C) According to their point of view, if a cell is
population.
destroyed, ferments can no longer cause
D) Populations exist in dynamic relationship to their fermentation.
environments and these relationships may cause
ecological systems to vary dramatically. D) The sort of Container that is used during
fermentation is of high importance
E) In the absence of severe effects of overcrowding,
E) Antibiotics and other drugs can be prepared by
all populations have an immense capacity to prosper.
fermentation if no other commercially effıcient
method is available.
39. (I) There are several different versions of
feminism, but most share a number of features in
common. (II) Like Marxists, feminists tend to see
society as divided into different social groups. (III)
Unlike Marxists, however, feminists see the major
division as being between men and women. (IV) For
example, feminists have argued that men have most
of the power in families, that they tend to be
employed in better-paid and higher-status jobs than
women. (V) Marxist theory also has its roots in Hegel’s
dialectic worldview.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

40. (I) Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic test in

which amniotic fluid is extracted via a long thin needle
inserted through the maternal abdomen into the
uterus and the amniotic sac. (II) The procedure is
usually performed between the fifteenth and
eighteenth week of gestation and results can be
obtained nine to fourteen days later. (III) Some major
medical centres now use a procedure called
Fluorescence in Situ Hybridisation to obtain results
within twenty-four hours. (IV) It is recommended for
women over age thirty-five and those having risk
factors for genetic abnormalities. (V) That is why,
genetic screening methods cannot be applied after
the baby's gender is revealed.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
YDS MİNİ DENEME 1 CEVAP ANAHTARI

1. C
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. C
9. C
10. A
11. A
12. A
13. A
14. A
15. A
16. D
17. C
18. B
19. E
20. C
21. B
22. C
23. D
24. B
25. D
26. B
27. C
28. D
29. B
30. A
31. E
32. D
33. C
34. D
35. D
36. B
37. C
38. C
39. E
40. E