Obstacle Avoiding Remote

Control Ultrasonic Sensor

Car

Sahil
Department of Electronics & Communication Mukul Rohilla
Engineering, ADGIPS, Shastri Park, Department of Electronics & Communication
Delhi-110053, India Engineering, ADGIPS, Shastri Park,
[email protected] Delhi-110053, India
m [email protected]
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Rishabh Kashyap Manish Sharma

Department of Electronics & Communication Department of Electronics & Communication
Engineering, ADGIPS, Shastri Park, Engineering, ADGIPS, Shastri Park,
Delhi-110053, India Delhi-110053, India
[email protected] [email protected]
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Abstract—Introduces the design and implementation of in the advancement of humankind. In the course of time, robots
an autonomous obstacle -avoiding robot car using took many forms, based on its application and its size varied
ultrasonic wave sensor in this thesis. By sending pulses, from a giant 51 feet
the obstacle avoidance distance can be measured. At the
same time, we can control steering gear to realise the
obstacle avoidance function. The robot car uses front axle
steering, rear wheel drive arrangement. Two drive tires
are driven by two DC motors with gear reduction
mechanisms. Using the Arduino MCU chip as the control
core of the Robot car.
Through the design of the hardware and software
system, we build the robot car platform and obtain a
good experimental effect.
Keywords— Robot , Arduino , ultrasonic sensor ,
microcontroller

I. INTRODUCTION
An obstacle avoiding robot is an intelligent device, which can
automatically sense and overcome obstacles on its path.
Obstacle Avoidance is a robotic discipline with the objective
of moving vehicles on the basis of the sensorial information.
The use of these methods in front of classic methods (path
planning) is a natural alternative when the scenario is
dynamic with unpredictable behaviour. In these cases, the
surroundings do not remain invariable, and thus the sensory
information is used to detect the changes consequently
adapting moving. will automatically scan the surroundings for
further paths.From its initiation in the 1950s, modern robots
have come a long way and rooted itself as an immutable aid
 to microscopic level. The latter algorithms are more
complex, since they involve detection of an obstacle as well
as some kind of quantitative measurements concerning the
obstacle's dimensions. Once these have been determined,
the obstacle avoidance algorithm needs to steer the robot
around the obstacle and resume motion toward the original
target. In the course of technological developments of
robots, one aspect remained instrumental to their function
and that is mobility.

Figure 1 Model of Project 1

The goal of the project is to create a robotic vehicle that can avoid
obstacles by employing ultrasonic sensors to guide it. In order to
carry out the requested operation, an Arduino Uno is used. A
machine that can complete tasks autonomously is a robot. The
obstacle avoidance is an autonomous robot which is used for
detecting the presence of an object or an obstacle and avoiding the
collision that makes both the robot and the environment safe
 II. LITERATURE REVIEW
A number of researchers had worked on the similar topic, here
follows a brief review of the same & the base papers used for
the work.
In the paper “Line follower and obstacle avoidance robot
using Arduino '' has been designed and developed to create an
autonomous robot which intelligently detects the obstacle in its
path and navigates according to the actions that user set for it.
So, this system provides an alternate way to the existing
system by replacing skilled labour with robotic machinery,
which in turn can handle more patients in less time with better
accuracy and a lower per capita cost. In the paper, “Obstacle-
avoiding robot with IR and PIR motion Sensors”has proposed
that the developed robot platform was not designed for a
specific task but as a general wheeled autonomous platform
The design of such a robot is very flexible and various
methods can be adapted for another implementation. It shows
that PIR sensors are more sensitive compared to IR sensors
while detecting human being

III. METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

In this project, the vehicle uses the ultrasonic sensor to detect
objects. Initially the system starts with one sensor i.e
ultrasonic, but as cars have some blind spots in it’s left and
right direction that is why two additional sensors were added
to overcome the blind spot and limiting its chances of Figure 3. Flow chart of project
collision. Robot is designed in such a way that it detects the
obstacle inside a particular range. Suppose there is
something inside the range, then that is referenced as an
obstacle the smart vehicle avoids it and changes it’s direction

IV. HARDWARE & SOFTWARE

IMPLEMENTATION Hardware

Hardware is a broad term that refers to all the physical parts

that make up a computer. The internal hardware devices
that make up the computer and ensure that it is functional
are called components, while external hardware devices that
are not essential to a computer’s functions are called
peripherals The hardware that is used for the mini-project
work is
Figure 2 . Block Diagram of project
 • Arduino UNO board Stage 4: It then moves the other way where we want it to
• L293D motor driver
move
• Ultrasonic sensor
• Bluetooth module
• Servo motor
• Gear motor
• Robot wheel
• Li-ion battery holder
• Li-ion battery
• Jumper wires

Figure. 5 Model of RC Car 2

Figure 4. Circuit Diagram

Software VI . RESULT

Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to

operate computers and execute specific tasks. It is the
opposite of hardware, which describes the physical aspects of • The results or the outcome of the mini-project work could
a computer. Software is a generic term used to refer to be summarised as follows…
applications, scripts and programs that run on a device. The
software tool used for the mini-project work is • The designed smartphone-controlled pick and place model.
• Arduino IDE All the sensors are interfaced with Arduino board and fitted
• Arduino Blue Control in the chassis using jumper wires.
• Bluetooth RC controller
• The gripper is attached at the top as shown. The
The Bluetooth module (HC-05) which is connected to the simulation of the project is performed in Proteus Isis
Arduino. As Arduino is programmable, so it have to be Professional Simulation software. The image of the
programmed using C, Java language. Hence it is easy to simulation in the software along with the virtual window.
connect android application (AMR voice) and Bluetooth
module (HC-05) using Bluetooth link. • The vehicle is controlled with instructions given by the
user. Shows the controls used to give commands to the
vehicle in the Cayenne software. Cayenne is an online IOT
V. WORKING OF PROJECT dashboard.
• The screen shows forward, backward, right, and left options
Stage 1: We connect the car to the Bluetooth or voice to control the vehicle. Also, fire, temperature and gas symbols
software app. are there which indicates, if any of these are detected or not by
Stage 2:Once it is activated, we can now drive the car the way the sensors in the vehicle.
we want it to move.
VII. CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK
Stage 3:The ultrasonic sensor detects the obstacle and stops
itself from moving forward. Almost all navigation robots demand some sort of obstacle
detection, hence obstacle avoidance strategy is of most
importance. Obstacle Avoidance Robot has a vast field of
application. They can be used as service robots, for the
specific reason.
 VIII. REFEREANCES
exploration and emergency rescue, there may be places that
are dangerous for humans or even impossible for humans to
reach directly, then we should use robots to help us. In those [1] T.L. Chien H. Guo, K.L. Su and S.V. Shiau, “Develop a
Multiple Interface Based Fire Fighting Robot”, 2007 IEEE
challenging environments, the robots need to gather International Conference on Mechatronics, Changchun,
information about their surroundings to avoid obstacles. The Jilin, 2007, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ICMECH.2007.4280040,
integration of voice reorganisation systems into robotics 2007.
vehicles help disabled people. The speech control system,
[2] S. Mandal, S.K. Saw, S. Maji, V. Das, S.K. Ramakuri and
though quite simple, shows the ability to apply speech
S. Kumar, “Low cost arduino wifi bluetooth integrated path
reorganisation techniques to control the application. The following robotic vehicle with wireless GUI remote control”,
method provides real-time operation, in this system android 2016 International Conference on Information Communication
application is used to recognize human voice and is converted and Embedded Systems (ICICES), Chennai, pp. 1-5, 2016.
to text, the text is further processed and used to control
[3] H. Rissanen, J. Mahonen, K. Haataja, M. Johansson, J.
robotics movements. During the project, the complete
Mielikainen and P. Toivanen, “Designing and implementing
working of Arduino UNO and a variety of sensors is executed an intelligent Bluetooth enabled robot car”, 2009 IFIP
and understood. Coding and designing skills form the base International Conference on Wireless and Optical
and are utilised in the project. The project gives profound Communications Networks, Cairo, pp. 1-6, 2009.
knowledge into different advancements and devices for
[4] Zhao Wang, Eng Gee Lim, Weiwei Wang, M. Leach
improvement of the venture. Exposure to various software
and Ka Lok Man, “"Design of an arduino- based smart
such as Arduino IDE and Proteus widened the knowledge in a car”, International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC), Jeju,
broad aspect. pp. 175-176, 2014.
There is much scope of improvement in the communication
[5] N. Firthous Begum, P. Vignesh, “Design and
range and considerable reduction in processing time
Implementation of Pick and Place Robot with
Wireless
Charging Applications”, International Journal of Science and
Research (IJSR), ISSN (Online): 2319-7064, vol. 6, no. 7,
pp. 56-67, 2013.
[6] Zhenjun He, Jiang Zhang, Peng Xu, Jiaheng Qin and
Yunkai Zhu, “Mine detecting robot based on wireless
communication with multisensor,” 2013 IEEE 4th
International Conference on Electronics Information and
Emergency Communication, Beijing, pp. 117- 120,
2013
.[7] Y. Zhang, B. K. Chen, X. Liu and Y. Sun, “"Autonomous
Robotic Pickand-Place of Microobjects”, IEEE Transactions
on Robotics, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 200-207, 2010
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