Code: 15A04602 R15

B.Tech III Year II Semester (R15) Supplementary Examinations December/January 2018/19

ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
PART – A
(Compulsory Question)
*****
1 Answer the following: (10 X 02 = 20 Marks)
(a) Define resolution and sensitivity of an instrument.
(b) What is Ohm meter?
(c) What are passive probes?
(d) What is principle of sampling?
(e) Compare fixed and variable signal generators.
(f) What is harmonic distortion?
(g) Draw the circuit of Anderson bridge.
(h) Define EMI and EMC.
(i) Compare sensor and transducer.
(j) Write about strain gauges.

PART – B
(Answer all five units, 5 X 10 = 50 Marks)
UNIT – I
2 (a) State the three types of systematic errors and explain how to minimize these errors in measurement.
(b) A resistor has a nominal value of 100Ω±1%. A voltage is applied across the resistor and the power consumed
2
in the resistor is calculated in two ways from: (i) P = VI. (ii) P = V /R. Calculate the uncertainty in the power
determination in each case when the measured values of V and I are V = 100V±2% and I = 1A±2%.
OR
3 (a) Explain the construction and working of a thermocouple measuring instrument. Why is it classified as an RF
instrument? What are its limitations?
(b) List out salient features of AC voltmeters using rectifiers and true RMS responding voltmeter.
UNIT – II
4 (a) Give the block diagram of a CRO and explain the function of each block.
(b) What is a current probe? Explain its action.
OR
5 (a) With the help of a block diagram, explain the working of a digital storage oscilloscope.
(b) The Lissajous pattern on CRO is stationary and has 6 horizontal & 2 vertical tangencies. The frequency of the
horizontal input is 3 kHz. Determine the frequency of vertical input.
UNIT – III
6 What are arbitrary waveform generators and discuss about their standards.
OR
7 (a) What is the difference between a wave analyzer and a harmonic distortion analyzer?
(b) Draw the circuit diagram and explain the working of a heterodyne type wave analyzer.
UNIT – IV
8 Explain how inductance can be measured using Maxwell’s bridge with the help of neat sketch.
OR
9 (a) Describe giving the necessary theory, how you would determine the reactance of small capacitors using
Q-meter.
(b) A coil was tested using a Q-meter and the following readings are obtained.
At a frequency of 3 MHz, the value of capacitance to give maximum voltage across the variable capacitor was
25 pF while at 6 MHz frequency it was 50 pF. Calculate the self capacitance of the coil.
UNIT – V
10 What are Piezoelectric transducers and explain how they will be used to measure pressure?
OR
11 (a) Explain the role of thermistors in the measurement of temperature.
(b) Write about signal conditioning circuits.
*****
 Code: 15A04602 R15
B.Tech III Year II Semester (R15) Supplementary Examinations December/January 2018/19
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
PART – A
(Compulsory Question)
*****
1 Answer the following: (10 X 02 = 20 Marks)
(a) Define resolution and sensitivity of an instrument.
(b) What is Ohm meter?
(c) What are passive probes?
(d) What is principle of sampling?
(e) Compare fixed and variable signal generators.
(f) What is harmonic distortion?
(g) Draw the circuit of Anderson bridge.
(h) Define EMI and EMC.
(i) Compare sensor and transducer.
(j) Write about strain gauges.

PART – B
(Answer all five units, 5 X 10 = 50 Marks)
UNIT – I
2 (a) State the three types of systematic errors and explain how to minimize these errors in measurement.
(b) A resistor has a nominal value of 100Ω±1%. A voltage is applied across the resistor and the power consumed
2
in the resistor is calculated in two ways from: (i) P = VI. (ii) P = V /R. Calculate the uncertainty in the power
determination in each case when the measured values of V and I are V = 100V±2% and I = 1A±2%.
OR
3 (a) Explain the construction and working of a thermocouple measuring instrument. Why is it classified as an RF
instrument? What are its limitations?
(b) List out salient features of AC voltmeters using rectifiers and true RMS responding voltmeter.
UNIT – II
4 (a) Give the block diagram of a CRO and explain the function of each block.
(b) What is a current probe? Explain its action.
OR
5 (a) With the help of a block diagram, explain the working of a digital storage oscilloscope.
(b) The Lissajous pattern on CRO is stationary and has 6 horizontal & 2 vertical tangencies. The frequency of the
horizontal input is 3 kHz. Determine the frequency of vertical input.
UNIT – III
6 What are arbitrary waveform generators and discuss about their standards.
OR
7 (a) What is the difference between a wave analyzer and a harmonic distortion analyzer?
(b) Draw the circuit diagram and explain the working of a heterodyne type wave analyzer.
UNIT – IV
8 Explain how inductance can be measured using Maxwell’s bridge with the help of neat sketch.
OR
9 (a) Describe giving the necessary theory, how you would determine the reactance of small capacitors using
Q-meter.
(b) A coil was tested using a Q-meter and the following readings are obtained.
At a frequency of 3 MHz, the value of capacitance to give maximum voltage across the variable capacitor was
25 pF while at 6 MHz frequency it was 50 pF. Calculate the self capacitance of the coil.
UNIT – V
10 What are Piezoelectric transducers and explain how they will be used to measure pressure?
OR
11 (a) Explain the role of thermistors in the measurement of temperature.
(b) Write about signal conditioning circuits.
*****
 Code: 15A04602 R15
B.Tech III Year II Semester (R15) Regular Examinations May/June 2018
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
PART – A
(Compulsory Question)
*****
1 Answer the following: (10 X 02 = 20 Marks)
(a) What are dynamic characteristics of instruments?
(b) What are differential voltmeters?
(c) What is sync selector circuit?
(d) What are active probes?
(e) What is logic analyzer?
(f) What is random noise in signal generators?
(g) List all precautions in using bridges.
(h) Draw the circuit diagram of Kelvin bridge.
(i) What is signal conditioning circuit?
(j) Compare active and passive transducers.

PART – B
(Answer all five units, 5 X 10 = 50 Marks)
UNIT – I
2 (a) Explain different types of errors along with their sources and precautions to minimize them.
(b) The accuracy of five digital voltmeters is checked by using each of them to measure a standard 1.0000 V
from a calibration in instrument. The voltmeter readings are as follows:
V1 = 1.001 v, V2 = 1.002 v, V3 = 0.999 v, V4 = 0.998v and V5 = 1.0000v.
Calculate the average measured voltage and the average deviation.
OR
3 (a) Explain the basic principle of a shunt type ohmmeter.
(b) Calculate the maximum percentage error in the sum and difference of two voltage measurements when
V1 = 100v±1% and V2 = 80v±5%.
UNIT – II
4 (a) Derive an expression for electrostatic deflection sensitivity of a CRO.
(b) A sinusoidal voltage of 83.3 kHz from a standard signal generator gave nine free waves on the screen
starting from the X-axis when connected to ‘y’-terminal of a CRO, while the tenth wave was slightly short
of being a full wave, the end of the trace being at a position that was half the amplitude away from X-axis.
If the time base is internally synchronized, determine the rise and decay time of the saw tooth time base
voltage.
OR
5 (a) Explain the measurement of frequency, time and phase difference using CRO.
(b) An electro statically deflected CRT has plates which are 2.5 cm long and 0.5 cm apart and the distance
from their centre to the screen is 20 cm. The electron beam is accelerated by a potential difference of
2500 volts and is projected centrally between the plates. Calculate the deflecting voltage required to
cause the beam to strike a deflecting voltage and find the corresponding deflection of the screen.
Contd. in page 2

Page 1 of 2
 Code: 15A04602 R15

UNIT – III
6 Draw the block diagram of function generator and explain its operation.
OR
7 (a) With a neat sketch of the block diagram, explain the principle of operation of Heterodyne wave analyzer.
Explain what makes its performance better than a resonant type wave analyzer.
(b) What is the minimum detectable signal (MDS) of a spectrum analyzer with a (i) N.F of 25 dB using/KHz
3-dB filter? (ii) If N.F is increased to 40 dB using same filter as above, estimate MDS and write the
inference from the above two cases.
UNIT – IV
8 Draw the circuit Wheatstone bridge and explain its operation. Also write about errors occur in DC
bridges.
OR
9 (a) Explain the working principle of a Q-meter and state the factors that causes errors during
Q measurement.
(b) What is interference and discuss about its reduction techniques.
UNIT – V
10 Explain any two methods to measure displacement using suitable circuit diagrams.
OR
11 Write about:
(a) pH measurement.
(b) Velocity measurement.

*****

Page 2 of 2
Code: 15A04602 R15
B.Tech III Year II Semester (R15) Regular & Supplementary Examinations May/June 2019
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
PART – A
(Compulsory Question)
*****
1 Answer the following: (10 X 02 = 20 Marks)
(a) The capacitance is specified as 20 F ± 5%. Determine the limits of capacitance that it is guaranteed.
(b) What are the factors to be considered in the selection of voltmeter?
(c) How can you operate a CRO?
(d) Determine the velocity of the electron beam of an oscilloscope when the voltage applied is 2500 V.
(e) What is Harmonic distortion? Define PIV and TUF for rectifiers.
(f) Draw the block diagram of a pulse generator.
(g) What is the significance of bridge circuit measurements over direct meter measurements?
(h) Compare AC and DC bridges.
(i) Give the construction details of thermocouples.
(j) What are the various laws of thermocouples?

PART – B
(Answer all five units, 5 X 10 = 50 Marks)
UNIT – I
2 (a) Three resistors R1, R2 and R3 have the following values. R1 = 200Ω ± 5%, R2 = 100Ω ± 5%,
R3 = 50 Ω ± 5%. Determine the relative error, if the resistors are: (i) Connected in series.
(ii) Connected in parallel.
(b) Explain the principle of thermocouple RF Ammeter.
OR
3 (a) The following readings are obtained in the measurement of an inductor: 1.003, 0.998, 1.001, 0.991,
1.009, 0.986, 1.005, 0.997, 1.008 and 0.994. Determine: (i) Arithmetic mean. (ii) Average deviation.
(iii) Standard deviation.
(b) Explain in detail about static characteristics of an instrument.
UNIT – II
4 What are the major blocks of the oscilloscope and what does each do?
OR
5 (a) How much voltage is required across two deflection plates separated by 1 cm to deflect an electron
beam 10, if the effective length of the deflection plates is 2 cm and the accelerating potential
is 1000 V?
(b) Compare and contrast digital storage oscilloscope and conventional storage oscilloscope.
UNIT – III
6 Draw and explain laboratory square wave and pulse generator.
OR
7 Discuss about harmonic distortion analyzers.
UNIT – IV
8 Draw the circuit of Kelvin double bridge and explain its operation and importance.
OR
9 Identify the bridge used for inductance measurement and explain its construction and operation.
UNIT – V
10 With a neat diagram, explain operation advantages and limitations of LVDT?
OR
11 Write short note on strain gauges and signal conditioning circuits.
*****
Code: 15A04602 R15
B.Tech III Year II Semester (R15) Regular & Supplementary Examinations October/November 2020
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
PART – A
(Compulsory Question)
*****
1 Answer the following: (10 X 02 = 20 Marks)
(a) Define the term sensitivity.
(b) Define the term resolution.
(c) Discuss the sync selector circuit.
(d) What are the advantages of dual beam for multiple trace oscilloscopes?
(e) Describe the sweep generator related to signal generator.
(f) What are signal sources?
(g) Write the limitations of Wheatstone bridge.
(h) Write the merits of bridge Maxwell`s.
(i) What are the uses of capacitive transducers?
(j) Write the main advantages and disadvantages of strain gauge.

PART – B
(Answer all five units, 5 X 10 = 50 Marks)
UNIT – I
2 (a) What are the types of performance characteristics of an instrument? Write short notes on accuracy
and precision.
(b) Draw the basic circuit of an A.C voltmeter and explain.
OR
3 (a) With neat sketch, explain the operation of series type ohmmeter. Also explain how it is calibrated.
(b) Discuss about thermocouple type RF ammeter in detail.
UNIT – II
4 (a) Draw the block diagram of vertical amplifier and explain its working.
(b) Draw the block diagram of a basic oscilloscope and explain the function of each block.
OR
5 (a) Write short notes on delay line construction techniques.
(b) With a block diagram, explain the operation of a sampling oscilloscope.
UNIT – III
6 (a) Draw the block diagram of a function generator and explain its operation.
(b) Explain with the help of block diagram the working of a harmonic distortion analyzer.
OR
7 (a) With a block diagram, explain the operation of a random noise generator.
(b) Explain the operation of arbitrary waveform generator.
UNIT – IV
8 (a) Draw the circuit diagram of Anderson bridge and derive conditions of balance.
(b) With a neat sketch, explain how unknown inductance is measured by means of Maxwell’s bridge.
OR
9 (a) Draw the circuit of a Wien bridge and derive an expression for the frequency.
(b) Explain the principle and working of Q meter.
UNIT – V
10 (a) What is transducer? Write the classification of transducers.
(b) Draw the different forms of metal foil strain gauges and explain their principles of operation.
OR
11 (a) Where are Piezo-electric transducer mainly used and why?
(b) Explain in detail about thermocouple.
*****