DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

District of Minglanilla I
Tungkop National High School

SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject SCIENCE Grade 9 Q4 WEEK 1 SHLT NO. 1

TOPIC:
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MOTIONS OF A PROJECTILE

This module helps you describe the horizontal and vertical dimension
of Uniformly Accelerated Motion (UAM) quantitatively and qualitatively. You
will also learn to solve mathematical problems dealing with two-dimensional
motion as in projectile motion and propose ways to enhance basic sports such
as volleyball, basketball, badminton, table tennis and sepak takraw.

What is Uniformly Accelerated Motion?

Uniformly Accelerated Motion means motion with constant

acceleration. The simplest kind of accelerated motion is straight-line motion
with constant acceleration. In this case the velocity changes at the same rate
throughout the motion. As an example, a falling body has a constant
acceleration if the effects of the air are not important. Another example is a
body sliding on an incline or along a rough horizontal surface. Other examples
are a ball dropped from a ladder, a bicycle on which you have applied the brakes
and an airplane on a runaway before take-off or during landing.

There are three types of uniformly accelerated motion. First, the

horizontal motion where a body maintains a constant change in its velocity
in a given time interval along a straight line. Second, is the free-fall where a
body falling unaffected by air resistance constantly accelerate at 9.8 m/s 2 (the
acceleration due to Earth’s gravity at sea level). Lastly, the projectile motion
is a motion with two dimensions. A projectile moves horizontally with constant
velocity while being accelerated vertically. The result is a motion in a curved
path.

A. Uniformly Accelerated Motion – Horizontal Motion

If a body maintains a constant change in its velocity in a given time
interval along a straight line, then the body is said to have a uniform
acceleration.
Consider an airplane on a runway preparing for take-off. Positions taken
at equal time intervals are indicated in the figure below.

A B C D
Figure 1. An airplane preparing for take-off.
 The change in an airplane’s position for each time interval is increasing
as shown in Figure 1, thus, it is moving faster and faster. This means that the
plane is accelerating.

Let us try to solve another problem involving horizontal motion.

Examine the equations below before trying to understand the sample problem.

The equations of Motion for Uniform Accelerated Motion-Horizontal Motion:

1. vf = vi + at
2. vavg = ½ (vf +vi)
3. d = ½ (vf + vi) t
4. d = vit + ½ at2
5. vf2 = vi2 + 2ad
6. d is the displacement (or Δd) and assume that ti=0
Sample Problem 1:
A speed boat from Seahorse Tourist Inn is travelling to Fantastic Island with
initial velocity of +6.0 m/s. The speed boat is accelerating uniformly at 2.0
m/s2, what is the final velocity and displacement of the boat after 8.0
seconds?
t = 8.0 s vi = +6.0m/s vf = ?

First step: Identify the given of the

problem.
initial velocity, vi = +6.0 m/s , elapsed time, t =
8.0 seconds
acceleration (constant), a = +2.0 m/s2

Second step: Identify the unknown or what is being asked.

Unknown: final velocity (at time t), vf
Displacement, d

Third step: Study the given equations and analyze what equation is
applicable based on the problem.
In this problem, the appropriate equation to be used in solving the
final velocity is:vf = vi+ at
To solve for the displacement, the equation to be used is:
d =vit + at2

Fourth Step: Substitute the given values to the equation. Note:

Always include the units.
vf = +6.0 m/s + [(+2.0 m/s2)(8.0 s)]
Do the mathematical calculation.
vf = +22 m/s Note: The positive sign indicates the speedboat is
 going forward.

Substitute the given values and then solve the value of d:

d = [(+6.0m/s) (8.0s)] + ½ [(+2.0 m/s2) (8.0 s)2]

Do the mathematical calculation.

B. Uniformly Accelerated Motion – Free Fall What

is free fall?

What happens when you drop a crumpled

paper together with clean sheet of paper in an air-
filled tube? In an air-filled tube, as shown in figure
2, there is air resistance that can affect the
acceleration of objects with greater surface area
(i.e., paper, feather), thus, a crumpled paper will
be touched down on the bottom first than the
feather. How about when you drop them together
in a vacuum (evacuated tube)? In a vacuum, there
is absence of air resistance, thus both the
crumpled paper and the clean sheet of paper will
be touched down simultaneously on the bottom.

Let us solve another problem involving free-falling bodies. Below are the
equations to be used in solving problems involving free fall.
1. vf = vi + gt
2. vavg = ½ (vf +vi)
3. h = ½ (vf + vi) t
4. h = vit + ½ gt2
5. vf2 = vi2 + 2gh

 h is the height of fall

 Assume that ti=0
C. Uniformly Accelerated Motion – Projectile Motion What is a

projectile motion?

Projectile motion refers to the

motion of an object that is thrown or
projected into the air at an angle.
The motion of a projectile is
determined only by the object’s
initial velocity and gravity. There are
three types of projectile as shown in
figure 3.
Figure 3. Types of projectiles
 In addition to, projectile motion is a combination of horizontal
motion and vertical motion. The horizontal motion of a projectile is
constant because no gravitational force acts horizontally. The vertical
motion of a projectile is nothing more than free fall with a constant
downward acceleration due to gravity. The vertical motion of a projected
object is independent of its horizontal motion.
A projectile moves horizontally with
constant velocity while being accelerated
vertically. The result is a motion in a curved
path. The path of a projectile is called its
trajectory. The trajectory of a projectile in
free fall is a parabola.
Furthermore, a projectile that is once
projected, continues in motion by its own
inertia and is influenced only by the
downward force of gravity.
An object as shown in figure 4
projected horizontally will reach the
ground at the same time as an object
dropped vertically. No matter how large
the horizontal
velocity is, the downward pull of gravity is Figure 4. Free fall object vs. Horizontally
always the same. projected object
Assessment
Directions: Solve what is being asked from the given situation. COPY
AND ANSWER ON A 1 WHOLE SHEET OF PAPER.

1. A projectile is launched vertically at 100 m/s. If air

resistance can be neglected, at what speed does it return to
its initial level?
2. The acceleration of gravity on the moon is 1.62 m/s2. If a
ball is dropped on the moon from a height of 1.50 m.
Determine the time of the ball to fall to the surface of the
moon.

MULTIPLE CHOICE (4 items)

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter that corresponds
to the correct answer. COPY AND ANSWER ON A 1 WHOLE SHEET OF
PAPER.
1. A sepak takraw that is kicked from a height of two meters
follows a path that is .
A. Circular B. Hyperbolic C. Linear D. Parabolic
2. A small cart is rolling at constant velocity on a flat track. It
fires a ball straight up into the air as it moves. After it is fired,
what happens to the ball?
A. it remains at rest
B. it falls behind the cart
C. it falls in front of the cart
D. it falls right back into the cart
E. it depends on how fast the cart is moving
3. Two metal balls are of the same size, but one weighs twice as
much as the other. The balls are dropped from the roof of a
single-story building at the same time. The time it takes the
balls to reach the ground below is:
A. about the same for both balls.
B. about half as long for the heavier ball as for the lighter one.
C. about half as long for the lighter ball as for the heavier one.
D. considerably less for the lighter ball but not necessarily half as long.
E. considerably less for the heavier ball but not necessarily half as long.
4. When can you say that a moving object is uniformly accelerating?
A. The velocity of the moving object is constant.
B. The acceleration of the moving object is constant.
C. The acceleration of the moving object is changing.
D. The distance travelled of the moving object is not too far.