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    62aa5acd 1624863536316

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    5 views25 pages

    62aa5acd 1624863536316

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    of 25

    Fibre to Fabric

    CONTENTS
    ▪History and importance of clothing
    ▪Fibre and its classification
    ▪Making fabric from fibre
    ▪Natural Fibre : Cotton
    Basic necessities of humans:

    Importance of
    clothes
    ➢Clothes guard our body from external environment. They protect us from
    insect bite, and they make us look good.
    ➢Depending on the climate of the place people wear different clothes.
    Clothes are made of different types of materials.
    For example: Cotton sari is made of cotton, leather jacket is made of
    leather, sweater is made of wool, etc.
    In the beginning of civilization, people used bark, leaves and
    animal fur as clothes.

    When people settled down as farmers, they used woven vines


    and animal fleece as clothes.

    In the next stage, flax and cotton were woven into clothes. In History of
    those times, people just wrapped the fabric to cover themselves.
    clothing
    People started wearing stitched clothes only after the needle
    was invented.

    Even today, in older cultures like India, you see people wearing
    unstitched garments like turbans, saris and dhotis.
    Fibres are thin strands of thread ,
    that are woven to make fabric.
    Clothes are made mostly from fibres .
    Fibre
    For example , cotton fibre , silk fibre
    etc.
    Classification of
    fibres
    ❑Natural fibres
    ❑Synthetic fibres

    Video on Types of fibre: https://youtu.be/PQ_8lZS56qQ


    Poll Questions
    Q1 ) Which is a natural fibre?
    (a) Silk
    (b) Nylon
    (c) Rayon
    (d) All of these
    Q2)Silk is obtained from plant fibre.
    (a) True (b) False
    Making of
    Fabrics
    The Fabrics are made from
    fibres in the following two
    steps :

    ❖Fibres are first converted


    to yarn by the process of
    spinning.
    ❖ Fabric is made from
    yarn by the process of
    weaving or knitting.
    Making of Yarn from fibres
    Yarn is a kind of long , twisted thread. It is
    made from fibres by the process of
    spinning.
    In the process of spinning, fibres from a
    mass of cotton are drawn out and twisted.
    This brings the tiny fibres together to form
    long and twisted thread called ‘yarn’.
    Thus, spinning converts fibres into yarn.
    Video on spinning: https://youtu.be/k2GKVG-2qeM
    Yarn can be made
    from fibres by using
    three devices:

    ❑Hand spindle (Takli)


    ❑Spinning Wheel
    (Charkha)
    ❑Spinning Machines
    Poll Questions
    Q1)Which one is spinning device?
    a) Takli
    b) Loom
    c) Charkha
    d) Both (a) and (c)
    Q2) The process by which the fibres are drawn out and twisted is called :
    a)weaving
    b)spinning
    c)knitting
    Making Fabric From Yarn

    Fabric are made from ‘yarn’ by two main processes :


    ❖Weaving
    ❖ Knitting
    Weaving
    ▪The process of making a fabric by arranging yarns passing in
    one direction with other yarns at right angle to them is
    called weaving.
    ▪The weaving of yarn to make fabrics is done by using
    looms.
    ▪Types of loom:-
    ✓Handloom
    ✓Powerloom
    Video on weaving : (2640) Fibre to Fabric Class 6 Science - Yarn to Fabric - Weaving - YouTube
    Knitting

    The process of making a fabric by


    interlocking loops of single yarn with
    knitting needles or machines is called
    knitting.

    Video on knitting : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-WUHbiUSPg


    Natural Fibres
    ▪ ANIMAL FIBRE
    ▪ PLANT FIBRE
    Cotton Fibres
    ➢Cotton fibre is obtained from cotton
    plants that grow in black soil in a warm
    Plant Fibre climate.
    ➢In India, cotton is grown in Gujarat,
    Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab,
    Haryana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu,
    Rajasthan, Orissa and Madhya Pradesh.
    Cotton Plant
    ➢The cotton plant is a
    shrub. It grows well in black
    soil and warm climate. It
    needs moderate rainfall.
    ➢The cotton plant bears
    fruits about the size of a
    lemon, called cotton bolls.
    ➢The bolls are full of seeds
    and cotton fibre.
    Cotton Plant
    The cotton bolls burst open when they are ripe.

    The cotton fibres are collected by hand from the ripe cotton bolls. This process
    is called picking.

    Next, the cotton fibres are separated from the seeds by combing them. This is
    known as ginning.

    Earlier, ginning was done by hand, but nowadays, a machine is used.


    Video on cotton fibres : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ystM8evK6HE
    Uses of Cotton

    Cotton fabric is used Cotton is also used for The wicks of lamps are Towels, bed sheets,
    for making clothes , filling pillows also made of cotton. curtains
    dresses and jeans, etc. ,mattresses and quilts.
    Poll Questions
    1) Separation of fibres of cotton from its seeds is known as
    a) weaving
    b) spinning
    c) knitting
    d) ginning
    2)Cotton plants grow in
    a)red soil
    b)black soil
    c)laterite soil

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