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Topic-III

80x86 Addressing Modes

T1. Barry B Brey, The Intel Microprocessors. Pearson, Eight Ed. 2009. Chapter 3, 4

Lecture 6

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Types of Instructions

• Data Transfer Instructions

• Arithmetic Instructions

• Logical Instructions

• Branch and Program control Instructions

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Addressing Modes

Instruction = Opcode, Operand

Opcode/ Operation Field - the type of operation which

is to be performed by processor

Operand – the data on which the operation is going to

be performed

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Addressing Modes

• Register Addressing
• Immediate Addressing
• Direct Addressing
• Register Indirect Addressing
• Base-plus-index Addressing
• Register Relative Addressing
• Base relative -plus-indexed Addressing
• Scaled Indexed Addressing

These data-addressing modes are found with all versions of the

Intel microprocessor. except for the scaled-index-addressing
mode, found only in 80386 through Core2
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MOV Instruction

• MOV destination, source

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Data Transfer Instructions

• MOV DST, SRC

 Copies the content of source to destination

 No Flags Affected
 Size of source and destination must be the same

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Different MOV options

R ←M

M←R

R ←R

M← I

R ← I
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Addressing Modes

• Register Addressing
• Immediate Addressing
• Direct Addressing
• Register Indirect Addressing
• Base-plus-index Addressing
• Register Relative Addressing
• Base relative -plus-indexed Addressing
• Scaled Indexed Addressing

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Addressing Modes

• Register Addressing
 MOV AX, BX

• Immediate Addressing
 MOV AX, 1420H

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Addressing Modes

• Direct Addressing
 MOV AX, [2340H]

• Register Indirect Addressing

 MOV AX, [BX]

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Addressing Modes

• Base-plus-index Addressing
 MOV AX, [BX+SI]

• Register Relative Addressing

 MOV AX, [BX+40]

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Addressing Modes

• Base relative-plus-indexed Addressing

 MOV AX, [BX+SI+10]

• Scaled Indexed Addressing

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Addressing Modes
• The microprocessor contains these 8-bit register names
used with register addressing: AH, AL, BH, BL, CH, CL,
DH, and DL.

• 16-bit register names: AX, BX, CX, DX, SP, BP, SI, and DI.

• In 80386 & above, extended 32-bit register names are:

EAX, EBX, ECX, EDX, ESP, EBP, EDI, and ESI.

• 64-bit mode register names are: RAX, RBX, RCX, RDX,

RSP, RBP, RDI, RSI, and R8 through R15.

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• Important for instructions

If hexadecimal data begin with a letter, the assembler requires the

data start with a 0.
– to represent a hexadecimal F2, 0F2H is used
in assembly language

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• The source register’s contents do not change.

• the destination register’s contents do change

• The contents of the destination register or destination memory

location change for all instructions except the CMP and TEST
instructions.

• The MOV BL, CL instruction does not affect the leftmost 8 bits of
register BX.

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• In some cases, indirect addressing requires specifying the size of

the data by the special assembler directive BYTE PTR, WORD
PTR, DWORD PTR, or QWORD PTR.

– these directives indicate the size of the memory data

addressed by the memory pointer (PTR)

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Encoding of 8086 Instructions

 8086 Instructions are represented as binary numbers.

 In 8086, Instructions size can be in between 1 to 6 bytes

This is the general instruction format used by the majority of 2-operand

instructions
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Addressing Modes in 8086

D=0 (Direction from Register)

D=1 (Direction to Register)

W=0 (Data-byte)
W=1 (Data-word)

MOD+ R/M - Addressing Modes

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Addressing Mode Byte 1

W (word/byte)

W (word/byte) specifies operand size

W = 1 data is word.

W = 0 data is byte.
W (word/byte) in 80386 (32 bit processor)

W (word/byte) specifies operand size

W = 1 data is 32 bit.

W = 0 data is byte.
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Addressing Mode Byte 2

Contains three fields

Mod 2 Bits (mode; determines how R/M field is interpreted)

Reg 3 Bits (register) or SREG (Seg register)

R/M 3 Bits (register/memory)

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Addressing Mode Byte 2

MOD (2 bits)

MOD = 00 Memory operand with no displacement

MOD = 01 Memory operand with 8 bit displacement

MOD = 10 Memory operand with 16 bit displacement

MOD = 11 Register operand
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MOD with R/M (16 BITS)

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MOD with R/M (32 BITS)

11
MOD
(R/M) 00 01 10 W=0 W=1

000 EAX EAX +D8 EAX +D32 AL EAX

001 ECX ECX +D8 ECX +D32 CL ECX

010 EDX EDX +D8 EDX +D32 DL EDX

EBX +D8 EBX +D32
011 EBX BL EBX
SCALED SCALED
SCALED INDEX+D8 INDEX+D32
100 INDEX AH ESP

101 D32 EBP+D8 EBP+D32 CH EBP

110 ESI ESI+D8 ESI+D32 DH ESI

111 EDI EDI+D8 EDI+D32 BH EDI

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Registers

EAX/AX/AL 000 ESP/SP/AH 100

EBX/BX/BL 011 EBP/BP/CH 101
ECX/CX/CL 001 ESI/SI/DH 110
EDX/DX/DL 010 EDI/DI/BH 111

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End of Lecture 6

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