Serie2 Suite

Year 2023/2024 National Polytechnic School
Octobre 2023 Preparatory cycle
Series of exercises 2 (Analyse Maths I)
1 Numericals seauences
Exercice 1
Let (un ) be a numerical sequence defined defined by un = f (un−1 , n ∈ N such that f : R −→ R is
an increqsing map. Study the monotony of the two subsequences (u2n ) et (u2n+1 ).
Exercice 2
Let (un ) and (vn ) two numerical subsequences converging to l, l0 with l < l0 . Show that from a
certain rank un < vn .
Exercice 3
Let a, b ∈ R, (un ) and (vn ) two numerical subsequences such that
1. n ∈ N, un ≤ a and vn ≤ b and
2. un + vn −→ a + b.
Show that (un ) converges to a and (vn ) converges to b.
Exercice 4
Show that if (un ) ⊂ Z, then (un ) converges, if and only if , (un ) is stationary.
Exercice 5
Let (un ) and (vn ) two numerical subsequences such that (un + vn )n and (un − vn )n converge. Show
that (un ) and (vn ) converge.
Exercice 6
Let (un )n a numerical sequence. What do you think of the following proposals? :
1. If (un )n converges to a real Number l then (u2n )n and (u2n+1 )n converge to l.

2. If (u2n )n and (u2n+1 )n converge, then (un )n converges.
3. If (u2n )n and (u2n+1 )n converge to the same limit l, it is the same with (un )n .
Exercice 7
un u2n
Let (un )n two numerical sequences defined by : u0 ∈]0, 1] and un+1 = 2 + 4 .
1. Show that : for all n ∈ N, 0 < un ≤ 1.
2. Show that the sequence is monotone. Deduce the convergence of the sequence.
3. Compute the limit of (un )n .
Exercice 8
Determine the limit of the sequence (un )n whose general term is defined by :
√ √
2n + 4n2 + 1 2n − 4n2 + 1 1 1 1
un = √ , un = √ , un = (2n + 1) + + · · · + ?
n + n2 + 1 n − n2 + 1 3n2 + 1 3n2 + 2 3n2 + n
n
X 1 1 × 2 × · · · × (2n + 1) p p
un = , un = , un = n2 + n + 1 − n2 − n + 1.
k(k + 1) 3 × 6 × · · · × (3n + 3)
k=1
1
Exercice 9
Prove the following formulas:
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
12 + 22 + · · · + n2 = .
6
n2 (n + 1)2
13 + 23 + · · · + n3 = .
4
Deduce
12 + 22 + · · · + n2
lim
n−→+∞ 13 + 23 + · · · + n3
Exercice 10
1 1 1
Let un = 1 + + ... + and vn = un + .
2! n! n!
Show that (un ) and (vn ) converge to the same limit. Show that this limit is an element of R \ Q.
Exercice 11
Let (un ) be a numerical sequence defined by u0 and un+1 = u2n − 2 for all n in N.
√
1. If u0 = 2 calculate u1 , u2 , u3 .
2. Determine u4 . Deduce the nature of the sequence (un ).
3. Examine the nature of the sequence (un ) if u0 = 2
4. Find another value of u0 for which the sequence (un ) is constant.
√
5−1
Study the nature of the sequence (un ) if u0 = 1 or u0 = 3 and in the case of u0 = 2 .
Exercice 12
3
Let the numerical sequence (un ) defined by u0 and un+1 = u2n + 16 for all n in N.
1. Show that 1/4 ≤ un ≤ 3/4 for all n in N.
2. Is the sequence monotone? Deduce its nature.
3. Determine inf{un , n ∈ N} and sup{un , n ∈ N}.
Exercice 13
1. Let (un ), (vn ), (wn ) three numerical sequences, show that:

if un ≤ vn ≤ wn for all n ∈ N and if lim un = lim wn = l then lim vn = l.
n−→+∞ n−→+∞ n−→+∞
2. Show that : Z p+1 Z p

dx 1 dx
≤ ≤ , p ∈ N∗ , p > 1.
p x p p−1 x
Pn 1
3. Deduce Sn = k=1 for all n ∈ N∗ then calculate lim Sn .
k+n n−→+∞
Pn (−1)k−1
4. Put Sn0 = k=1
0
. Show that S2n = Sn .
k
0 0
5. Show that (S2n ) and (S2n+1 ) converge.
6. Deduce the convergence of (Sn0 ).
Exercice 14
Consider the numerical sequence (un ) which converges to 0. Define the sequence (vn ) by its general
term :
n
1 X
vn = 2 kuk .
n
k=1
Show that (vn ) converges to 0.
2
Exercice 15
Study the convergence of the sequence whose general term is :
1 + 2! + 3! + ... + n!
un = .
n!
Exercice 16
Let (un ) be a sequence whose general term is : un = (1 + a)(1 + a2 ) + ... + (1 + an ), 0 < a < 1.
1. Study variations of this sequence.
2. Prove the following inequality : for all x ∈ R : 1 + x ≤ ex .

3. Deduce that (un ) converges.
Exercice 17
Consider a sequence of integers qn strictly increasing with q0 ≥ 1. Define (un ) the sequence whose
general term is
n Yk
X 1
un = .
q
j=0 j
k=0
Show that (un ) converges.

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Year 2023/2024 National Polytechnic School

Octobre 2023 Preparatory cycle

Series of exercises 2 (Analyse Maths I)

1. If (un )n converges to a real Number l then (u2n )n and (u2n+1 )n converge to l.

1. Show that : for all n ∈ N, 0 < un ≤ 1.

1. Let (un ), (vn ), (wn ) three numerical sequences, show that:

2. Show that : Z p+1 Z p

Show that (vn ) converges to 0.

1. Study variations of this sequence.

2. Prove the following inequality : for all x ∈ R : 1 + x ≤ ex .

Show that (un ) converges.

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