Introduction to Power Systems-adv

Q. 1 What is the primary unit used for expressing the magnitude of electrical current?
A) Volts
B) Watts
C) Ampere
D) Ohms

Answer: C

In power systems, what is the term used to describe the opposition to the flow of
Q. 2
alternating current (AC)?
A) Voltage
B) Power factor
C) Impedance
D) Conductance

Answer: C

Q. 3 What is the basic unit of measurement for electrical resistance?

A) Ampere
B) Ohm
C) Volt
D) Farad

Answer: B

Which parameter represents the rate of doing work or transferring energy in an

Q. 4
electrical circuit?
A) Voltage
B) Impedance
C) Power
D) Current

Answer: C

What is the term for the electrical property that determines the opposition to the
Q. 5
flow of electric current through a conductor?
A) Voltage
B) Power factor
C) Impedance
D) Conductance
 Answer: C

Q. 6 What is the SI unit of measurement for power?

A) Volt
B) Ampere
C) Ohm
D) Watt

Answer: D

Which parameter measures the voltage drop across a component for a given
Q. 7
current flow?
A) Resistance
B) Reactance
C) Impedance
D) Conductance

Answer: A

What is the term for the combination of resistance and reactance in an AC

Q. 8
circuit?
A) Impedance
B) Power factor
C) Conductance
D) Admittance

Answer: A

What is the measure of how effectively a circuit converts electrical power into
Q. 9
useful work?
A) Conductance
B) Power factor
C) Impedance
D) Admittance

Answer: B

What is the property of an electrical circuit that opposes changes in current or

Q. 10
voltage?
A) Reactance
B) Impedance
C) Conductance
D) Power factor

Answer: A
 What is the term for the fraction of the total apparent power that is converted into
Q. 11
real power?
A) Power factor
B) Conductance
C) Impedance
D) Reactance

Answer: A

Which parameter represents the ease with which an alternating current flows
Q. 12
through a circuit?
A) Resistance
B) Conductance
C) Reactance
D) Impedance

Answer: B

What is the term for the reciprocal of impedance and is a measure of the ease of
Q. 13
AC current flow?
A) Power factor
B) Conductance
C) Admittance
D) Reactance

Answer: C

What is the mathematical relationship between voltage, current, and impedance

Q. 14
in an AC circuit?
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Ampere’s Law
D) Faraday’s Law

Answer: A

Which parameter represents the opposition to the flow of alternating current due
Q. 15
to the effects of capacitance or inductance?
A) Resistance
B) Conductance
C) Reactance
D) Admittance

Answer: C
 What is the term for the phase difference between voltage and current in an AC
Q. 16
circuit?
A) Power factor
B) Impedance
C) Phase angle
D) Conductance

Answer: C

Which law states that the total current entering a junction in a circuit is equal to
Q. 17
the total current leaving the junction?
A) Ampere’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law
D) Ohm’s Law

Answer: B

What is the measure of a circuit’s ability to store electrical energy in an electric

Q. 18
field?
A) Impedance
B) Inductance
C) Capacitance
D) Reactance

Answer: C

Which parameter represents the opposition to the flow of alternating current due
Q. 19
to the effects of inductance?
A) Resistance
B) Conductance
C) Reactance
D) Admittance

Answer: C

What is the term for the opposition that a circuit offers to the flow of AC due to
Q. 20
capacitance or inductance?
A) Impedance
B) Conductance
C) Admittance
D) Reactance

Answer: D
 Which law states that the electromotive force (EMF) induced in any closed
Q. 21
circuit is equal to the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit?
A) Ampere’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law
D) Ohm’s Law

Answer: C

What is the term for the total opposition that a circuit offers to the flow of
Q. 22
alternating current, including both resistance and reactance?
A) Impedance
B) Conductance
C) Power factor
D) Admittance

Answer: A

Which law states that the line integral of the magnetic field around a closed path
Q. 23
is proportional to the current enclosed by the path?
A) Ampere’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law
D) Ohm’s Law

Answer: A

What is the term for the electrical property that measures the ease of an AC
Q. 24
current flowing through a circuit due to capacitance?
A) Resistance
B) Conductance
C) Capacitance
D) Reactance

Answer: D

Which parameter represents the reciprocal of impedance and is a measure of the

Q. 25
ease of AC current flow?
A) Power factor
B) Conductance
C) Admittance
D) Reactance

Answer: C
 What is the measure of a circuit’s ability to store electrical energy in a magnetic
Q. 26
field?
A) Impedance
B) Inductance
C) Capacitance
D) Reactance

Answer: B

Which law states that the sum of the electromotive forces (EMFs) in any closed
Q. 27
loop is equal to the sum of the potential drops across the circuit?
A) Ampere’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law
D) Ohm’s Law

Answer: B

What is the term for the electrical property that measures the ease of an AC
Q. 28
current flowing through a circuit due to inductance?
A) Resistance
B) Conductance
C) Inductance
D) Reactance

Answer: D

Which parameter represents the rate at which energy is consumed or produced in

Q. 29
an electrical circuit?
A) Voltage
B) Power
C) Impedance
D) Current

Answer: B

What is the term for the process by which an alternating current in one coil
Q. 30
induces an electromotive force (EMF) in another nearby coil?
A) Induction
B) Impedance
C) Admittance
D) Capacitance

Answer: A
 Which law states that the electromotive force (EMF) induced in any closed loop
Q. 31
is proportional to the negative rate of change of magnetic flux through the loop?
A) Ampere’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Law
C) Faraday’s Law
D) Ohm’s Law

Answer: C

What is the term for the electrical property that measures the ability of a
Q. 32
capacitor to store electrical charge?
A) Resistance
B) Capacitance
C) Inductance
D) Conductance

Answer: B

Which parameter represents the opposition to the flow of alternating current due
Q. 33
to the effects of inductance and capacitance?
A) Resistance
B) Conductance
C) Impedance
D) Reactance

Answer: C

What is the term for the electrical property that measures the ability of an
Q. 34
inductor to store magnetic energy?
A) Resistance
B) Inductance
C) Capacitance
D) Conductance

Answer: B

Q. 35 What is the primary function of a power system in an electrical network?

A) To generate electricity
B) To distribute electricity
C) To store electricity
D) To convert electricity

Answer: B

Why is three-phase AC commonly used in power systems for electricity

Q. 36
transmission?
 A) It is easier to generate
B) It is less expensive
C) It provides balanced power transfer
D) It is safer for users

Answer: C

Q. 37 What is the primary reason for using transformers in power systems?

A) To store electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To convert AC to DC
D) To generate electricity

Answer: B

Why are transmission lines typically operated at higher voltage levels in power
Q. 38
systems?
A) To reduce losses
B) To increase safety
C) To lower generation costs
D) To improve power factor

Answer: A

Q. 39 What is the significance of the “per-unit” system in power system analysis?

A) It simplifies complex calculations
B) It uses imaginary units for analysis
C) It eliminates the need for voltage regulation
D) It measures power in alternate units

Answer: A

Why is reactive power important in power systems, even though it doesn’t

Q. 40
perform useful work?
A) It balances active power
B) It reduces transmission losses
C) It generates electricity
D) It provides voltage stability

Answer: D

What is the primary factor that determines the choice of transmission line voltage
Q. 41
level in a power system?
A) Frequency of the power system
B) Geographic location of the system
C) Economic considerations
 D) Transformer capacity

Answer: C

Q. 42 In power system modeling, what does the term “load” refer to?
A) Voltage regulation
B) Power generation
C) Power consumption
D) Transformer capacity

Answer: C

Why are synchronous generators commonly used for power generation in large
Q. 43
power systems?
A) They are lightweight
B) They are less expensive
C) They provide constant frequency
D) They generate DC power

Answer: C

Q. 44 What is the purpose of a circuit breaker in a power system?

A) To regulate voltage
B) To convert DC to AC
C) To generate electricity
D) To interrupt faulty currents

Answer: D

Why are power system components like generators, transformers, and

Q. 45
transmission lines represented as per-unit quantities in analysis?
A) To simplify calculations and avoid very large numbers
B) To standardize international power systems
C) To convert AC power to DC power
D) To improve system efficiency

Answer: A

Q. 46 What is the primary role of a substation in a power system?

A) To generate electricity
B) To convert power from AC to DC
C) To distribute electricity to consumers
D) To control and regulate voltage levels

Answer: D
 Why are power transformers often equipped with tap changers in a power
Q. 47
system?
A) To reduce losses
B) To regulate frequency
C) To adjust the voltage ratio
D) To increase power factor

Answer: C

Q. 48 What is the primary purpose of a transmission line in a power system?

A) To regulate voltage
B) To convert DC to AC
C) To generate electricity
D) To transmit power over long distances

Answer: D

Q. 49 Why is power factor correction important in a power system?

A) To generate reactive power
B) To increase active power generation
C) To reduce transmission losses
D) To lower transformer capacity

Answer: C

Q. 50 What is the role of a capacitor bank in a power system?

A) To store electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To convert DC to AC
D) To improve power factor

Answer: D

Q. 51 Why do power system operators perform load flow analysis?

A) To regulate voltage
B) To generate electricity
C) To analyze power system stability
D) To optimize power generation

Answer: C

Q. 52 What is the purpose of a surge arrester in a power system?

A) To generate electricity
B) To convert DC to AC
C) To protect equipment from voltage surges
D) To regulate power factor
 Answer: C

Q. 53 Why is power system stability crucial in ensuring reliable power supply?

A) To generate reactive power
B) To reduce transmission losses
C) To avoid voltage regulation
D) To prevent blackouts or system failures

Answer: D

Q. 54 What is the primary purpose of a transmission tower in a power system?

A) To regulate voltage
B) To convert power from AC to DC
C) To distribute electricity to consumers
D) To support transmission lines

Answer: D

Q. 55 Why are power system operators concerned about voltage regulation?

A) To generate electricity
B) To ensure safe working conditions
C) To prevent power theft
D) To provide consistent power supply

Answer: D

Q. 56 What is the significance of a relay in a power system?

A) To regulate voltage
B) To convert DC to AC
C) To generate electricity
D) To protect equipment from faults

Answer: D

Q. 57 Why are power system models necessary for analysis and simulation?
A) To regulate voltage
B) To generate electricity
C) To optimize power generation
D) To understand system behavior and make informed decisions

Answer: D

Q. 58 What is the role of a shunt reactor in a power system?

A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
 C) To convert DC to AC
D) To control reactive power and voltage levels

Answer: D

Q. 59 Why is power flow analysis important in a power system?

A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To analyze power system behavior under different conditions
D) To convert power from AC to DC

Answer: C

Q. 60 What is the primary function of a power system controller?

A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To convert DC to AC
D) To adjust system parameters for optimal operation

Answer: D

Q. 61 Why are synchronous condensers used in power systems?

A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To convert DC to AC
D) To provide reactive power support and voltage stability

Answer: D

Q. 62 What is the purpose of a power system stabilizer?

A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To convert DC to AC
D) To improve power system stability and damping of oscillations

Answer: D

Why is a power system control center essential for the operation of a complex
Q. 63
power network?
A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To monitor and control power system operations in real-time
D) To convert power from AC to DC

Answer: C
Q. 64 What is the role of a circuit switcher in a power system?
A) To regulate voltage
B) To convert DC to AC
C) To interrupt the flow of current during maintenance
D) To generate electricity

Answer: C

Why are power system interconnections established between regions or

Q. 65
countries?
A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To facilitate efficient exchange of power and enhance system reliability
D) To convert power from AC to DC

Answer: C

What is the purpose of a load shedding mechanism in a power system?A) To

Q. 66
generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To reduce excessive power demand during emergencies
D) To convert DC to AC

Answer: C

Q. 67 Why is a fault analysis essential in a power system?

A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To identify and mitigate faults that can disrupt the system
D) To convert power from AC to DC

Answer: C

Q. 68 What is the significance of a power system reliability assessment?

A) To generate electricity
B) To regulate voltage
C) To ensure a stable and dependable power supply
D) To convert power from AC to DC

Answer: C

Given a power system network with multiple generators, what analysis is

Q. 69 performed to determine the power flow through transmission lines and buses
under steady-state conditions?
A) Fault analysis
 B) Transient stability analysis
C) Load flow analysis
D) Frequency analysis

Answer: C

If a transmission line is modeled as a series combination of resistance (R) and

Q. 70
reactance (X), which parameter is used to represent the line’s impedance?
A) Z = R + X
B) Z = R – X
C) Z = R * X
D) Z = R / X

Answer: A

In a power system, if the load demand exceeds the generation capacity, what
Q. 71
potential issue can arise, and what analysis helps identify this problem?
A) Voltage instability; Load flow analysis
B) Overcurrent protection; Fault analysis
C) Voltage regulation; Frequency analysis
D) Transient stability; Transient analysis

Answer: A

Which type of analysis is performed to study the behavior of a power system

Q. 72 network under dynamic conditions following a disturbance, such as a fault or
generator trip?
A) Load flow analysis
B) Transient stability analysis
C) Fault analysis
D) Frequency analysis

Answer: B

When analyzing a power system’s load flow, what equation is used to relate real
Q. 73
power (P), reactive power (Q), voltage (V), and impedance (Z)?
A) P = V^2 / Z
B) P = V^2 * Z
C) Q = V^2 / Z
D) Q = V^2 * Z

Answer: A

Which parameter characterizes the angle difference between voltage and current
Q. 74
in an AC circuit and is used in the analysis of power systems?
A) Voltage magnitude
 B) Power factor
C) Impedance angle
D) Phase angle

Answer: D

During load flow analysis, if the voltage magnitude at a bus becomes excessively
Q. 75
low, what potential problem does this indicate, and what action may be needed?
A) Overgeneration; Reduce load demand
B) Voltage instability; Implement voltage control measures
C) Underfrequency; Increase generator output
D) Fault occurrence; Initiate fault analysis

Answer: B

When modeling transformers in power systems, what factors are typically taken
Q. 76
into account to accurately represent the transformer’s behavior?
A) Voltage magnitude and power factor
B) Resistance and impedance angle
C) Turns ratio and magnetizing reactance
D) Frequency and power rating

Answer: C

In power system analysis, what is the purpose of introducing the concept of per-
Q. 77
unit values for quantities such as voltage, current, and power?
A) To simplify calculations and make them more manageable
B) To convert DC values to AC values
C) To model nonlinear behavior of components
D) To represent quantities in scientific notation

Answer: A

When analyzing transient stability, what is the primary concern regarding the
Q. 78
power system’s behavior?
A) Long-term load flow
B) Frequency stability
C) Voltage instability
D) Short-term stability after disturbances

Answer: D

In power system analysis, what does the term “load shedding” refer to, and when
Q. 79
is it typically applied?
A) Adding additional load during peak demand
B) Reducing load demand during emergencies to prevent system collapse
 C) Increasing load demand to improve generator efficiency
D) Implementing voltage control measures to maintain stability

Answer: B

In a power system, if a generator is suddenly disconnected due to a fault, what

Q. 80 type of analysis is required to assess the system’s ability to recover and stabilize
afterward?
A) Load flow analysis
B) Fault analysis
C) Transient stability analysis
D) Frequency analysis

Answer: C

During load flow analysis, if a bus has a negative real power generation value,
Q. 81
what does this indicate about that particular bus?
A) It is importing power
B) It is a load bus
C) It is a generator bus
D) It is experiencing a fault

Answer: B

When modeling transmission lines, why is the concept of line charging

Q. 82
capacitance considered in power system analysis?
A) To account for reactive power generation
B) To represent the charging and discharging of capacitors
C) To model the capacitance between conductors
D) To improve fault analysis accuracy

Answer: C

During fault analysis in a power system, why is the fault location crucial in
Q. 83
understanding the impact of the fault on the network’s behavior?
A) To estimate the power generation capacity
B) To identify the fault type (short circuit or open circuit)
C) To calculate the fault impedance
D) To determine the fault’s effect on bus voltages and currents

Answer: D

What type of analysis focuses on the long-term behavior of a power system,

Q. 84
considering economic factors, load growth, and expansion planning?
A) Transient stability analysis
B) Load flow analysis
 C) Steady-state analysis
D) Economic dispatch analysis

Answer: D

When analyzing the transient stability of a power system, what is the primary
Q. 85
goal?
A) To ensure load flow balance
B) To maintain a stable frequency
C) To prevent voltage instability
D) To assess the system’s ability to withstand disturbances and return to
equilibrium

Answer: D

In load flow analysis, if the reactive power generation of a generator is increased,

Q. 86
how does this affect the power system’s voltage profile?
A) It increases voltage magnitude
B) It decreases voltage magnitude
C) It has no effect on voltage magnitude
D) It leads to voltage instability

Answer: A

When modeling a synchronous generator, what parameters are crucial for

Q. 87
accurate representation in power system analysis?
A) Resistance and voltage magnitude
B) Power factor and frequency
C) Reactance and power rating
D) Turns ratio and impedance angle

Answer: C

During fault analysis, what role does the concept of “symmetrical components”
Q. 88
play in understanding fault currents and voltages in an unbalanced system?
A) It simplifies complex calculations
B) It models the effects of harmonics
C) It represents the phase difference between current and voltage
D) It adjusts power factor during faults

Answer: A

When performing load flow analysis, what parameter helps determine the
Q. 89
direction of power flow in transmission lines?
A) Voltage magnitude
B) Power factor
 C) Reactive power
D) Impedance angle

Answer: B

In power system modeling, why is the concept of “base power” used in per-unit
Q. 90
calculations?
A) To simplify the analysis of non-sinusoidal waveforms
B) To convert DC values to AC values
C) To represent quantities in exponential form
D) To scale quantities to a common reference value for calculations

Answer: D

When analyzing power system stability, why is the concept of “critical clearing
Q. 91
time” important?
A) To determine the fault impedance
B) To assess the system’s ability to recover after a fault
C) To calculate power factor during faults
D) To estimate fault currents and voltages

Answer: B

In load flow analysis, what does a “voltage collapse” refer to, and what factors
Q. 92
can contribute to this phenomenon?
A) A sudden drop in voltage magnitude; High load demand and inadequate
reactive power support
B) A rapid increase in voltage magnitude; Overgeneration and excessive reactive
power support
C) A gradual increase in frequency; Low load demand and excessive generator
output
D) A fluctuation in frequency; High load demand and proper voltage control

Answer: A

During fault analysis, why is the concept of “fault impedance” considered

Q. 93
important in assessing the severity of the fault?
A) To estimate the fault location
B) To calculate fault currents and voltages
C) To assess the impact on reactive power
D) To determine power factor during faults

Answer: B

In power system modeling, how does the inclusion of capacitor banks influence
Q. 94
the power flow and voltage profile in the network?
 A) It reduces reactive power consumption and increases voltage magnitude
B) It increases active power generation and reduces voltage magnitude
C) It has no effect on power flow and voltage profile
D) It increases reactive power consumption and decreases voltage magnitude

Answer: A

When analyzing the transient stability of a power system, what is the primary
Q. 95
objective of simulating various scenarios?
A) To determine the fault impedance
B) To assess the impact of different load levels
C) To estimate fault currents and voltages
D) To predict the system’s response to disturbances and ensure stability

Answer: D

In power system analysis, what parameter characterizes the relationship between

Q. 96
real power and reactive power and helps optimize system operation?
A) Voltage magnitude
B) Power factor
C) Impedance angle
D) Frequency

Answer: B

When analyzing transient stability, how does the concept of “critical clearing
Q. 97
angle” relate to the system’s stability limit?
A) It indicates the fault impedance
B) It determines fault currents and voltages
C) It defines the maximum angle beyond which the system becomes unstable
D) It calculates power factor during faults

Answer: C

When analyzing power system stability, why is the concept of “swing equation”
Q. 98
used in modeling synchronous generators?
A) To calculate fault currents and voltages
B) To assess the impact of reactive power on stability
C) To predict the dynamic behavior of generators and maintain stability
D) To estimate the fault location

Answer: C

In power system analysis, what is the primary focus of transient stability analysis
Q. 99
after a disturbance occurs?
A) To restore voltage magnitude to nominal levels
 B) To prevent fault currents from circulating
C) To assess the system’s ability to recover and return to equilibrium
D) To analyze the steady-state behavior of the system

Answer: C

When modeling a power system’s transmission lines, how does the inclusion of
Q. 100
shunt capacitance impact the line’s behavior?
A) It increases line resistance
B) It improves voltage regulation
C) It has no effect on line behavior
D) It increases line reactance

Answer: B

In load flow analysis, how does an increase in load demand affect the voltage
Q. 101
profile of a power system?
A) It increases voltage magnitude
B) It decreases voltage magnitude
C) It has no effect on voltage magnitude
D) It leads to voltage instability

Answer: B

When analyzing power system stability, why is the concept of “swing equation”
Q. 102
used in modeling synchronous generators?
A) To calculate fault currents and voltages
B) To assess the impact of reactive power on stability
C) To predict the dynamic behavior of generators and maintain stability
D) To estimate the fault location

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of a transmission line, what parameter

Q. 103 characterizes the ability of the line to transmit power efficiently without
excessive losses?
A) Impedance
B) Voltage
C) Power factor
D) Conductance

Answer: A

In transmission line analysis, what factor is considered to determine whether a

Q. 104
line is categorized as short, medium, or long transmission line?
A) Voltage level
 B) Length of the line compared to the wavelength
C) Impedance value
D) Power factor

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, what potential

Q. 105
issue can arise due to corona discharge, and how is it mitigated?
A) Excessive line losses; By using larger conductors
B) Voltage instability; By reducing the line length
C) Radio frequency interference; By using fiber optic cables
D) Loss of power factor; By installing surge arresters

Answer: A

In the analysis of overhead transmission lines, what type of insulators are

Q. 106 commonly used to support the conductors and prevent current leakage to the
ground?
A) Semiconductor insulators
B) Fiber optic insulators
C) Composite insulators
D) Superconducting insulators

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, what advantage do they

Q. 107 offer over overhead lines in terms of minimizing interference and environmental
impact?
A) They are cheaper to install
B) They emit lower radio frequency interference
C) They require less maintenance
D) They have higher power carrying capacity

Answer: B

In the analysis of underground cables, what factor contributes to the “thermal

Q. 108
rating” of a cable and its ability to handle current without overheating?
A) Voltage level
B) Conductor material
C) Length of the cable
D) Surrounding soil type

Answer: B
 When analyzing the performance of overhead line insulators, what factor is
Q. 109 crucial to prevent flashovers and ensure proper insulation under various weather
conditions?
A) Conductor size
B) Insulator color
C) Material dielectric strength
D) Wind speed

Answer: C

In overhead line analysis, what is the purpose of using bundled conductors

Q. 110
instead of single conductors?
A) To reduce corona effects
B) To increase conductor resistance
C) To minimize transmission losses
D) To improve power factor

Answer: A

When analyzing transmission line performance, what is the primary advantage of

Q. 111
using bundled conductors in terms of power transmission capacity?
A) Reduced line losses
B) Higher power factor
C) Increased voltage stability
D) Enhanced current carrying capability

Answer: D

In overhead line insulator design, what material is commonly used to create

Q. 112 insulators that can withstand high mechanical loads and prevent tracking and
erosion?
A) Glass
B) Rubber
C) Ceramic
D) Plastic

Answer: C

When analyzing cable performance, what type of cable is specifically designed

Q. 113 for high-voltage applications, where the insulation thickness and voltage
gradients are carefully considered?
A) Twisted pair cable
B) Coaxial cable
C) Power cable
D) Fiber optic cable
 Answer: C

In overhead line analysis, why is it essential to account for the effect of wind on
Q. 114
transmission line conductors?
A) Wind affects the power factor
B) Wind can cause mechanical stress and induce vibrations
C) Wind reduces conductor impedance
D) Wind improves voltage regulation

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, what potential issue can
Q. 115
arise due to the resistive losses of the cable’s conductor material?
A) Radio frequency interference
B) Corrosion of the conductor
C) Excessive heating and power losses
D) Insulation breakdown

Answer: C

In cable analysis, what is the primary factor that determines the capacitance of a
Q. 116
cable and influences its ability to carry high-frequency signals?
A) Conductor material
B) Cable length
C) Insulation thickness
D) Surrounding soil type

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of overhead line insulators, what phenomenon

Q. 117 can occur due to pollution accumulation on insulator surfaces, leading to
flashovers and reduced insulation efficiency?
A) Corona discharge
B) Voltage instability
C) Creepage effect
D) Pollution flashover

Answer: D

In the analysis of cable performance, what type of cable is specifically designed

Q. 118 for transmitting high-frequency signals with minimal signal loss and
interference?
A) Power cable
B) Coaxial cable
C) Twisted pair cable
D) Fiber optic cable
 Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, what is the

Q. 119 primary reason for including bundled conductors in areas prone to high levels of
lightning strikes?
A) To reduce corona discharge
B) To enhance power factor
C) To improve voltage regulation
D) To increase lightning protection

Answer: D

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, what is the significance of “creepage

Q. 120
distance” in preventing surface flashovers and maintaining proper insulation?
A) It influences conductor resistance
B) It determines the cable’s current-carrying capacity
C) It defines the distance along the insulator’s surface to prevent leakage currents
D) It affects the cable’s impedance

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, what characteristic of

Q. 121 the cable’s insulation material helps prevent leakage currents to the surrounding
soil?
A) High thermal conductivity
B) High dielectric strength
C) High resistance to UV radiation
D) High magnetic permeability

Answer: B

In overhead line analysis, what is the primary purpose of including vibration

Q. 122
dampers along the transmission line conductors?
A) To reduce corona effects
B) To prevent mechanical stress and vibration-induced fatigue
C) To enhance voltage regulation
D) To increase power factor

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of overhead line insulators, what factor is

Q. 123 crucial to prevent the formation of ice on insulator surfaces and maintain proper
insulation?
A) Conductor size
B) Material dielectric strength
 C) Temperature
D) Wind speed

Answer: C

In cable analysis, what factor is considered in designing cables for underground

Q. 124 installation to ensure the cable’s insulation is not compromised by the
surrounding soil conditions?
A) Dielectric strength of the soil
B) Thermal conductivity of the soil
C) Soil pH level
D) Soil compaction

Answer: B

When analyzing transmission line performance, what role do surge arresters play
Q. 125
in protecting the line from overvoltages caused by lightning or switching events?
A) They increase conductor resistance
B) They enhance power factor
C) They reduce corona effects
D) They divert excess voltage to ground

Answer: D

In cable analysis, what is the purpose of the metallic shielding layer often found
Q. 126
in power cables?
A) To improve radio frequency interference
B) To enhance thermal conductivity
C) To prevent moisture ingress and provide grounding
D) To increase power factor

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, how does the
Q. 127 inclusion of spacer dampers between conductors impact the line’s behavior
during wind-induced vibrations?
A) It reduces the power factor
B) It increases conductor resistance
C) It enhances voltage regulation
D) It prevents galloping and reduces line fatigue

Answer: D

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, what is the primary function of a

Q. 128
grading ring attached to the insulator’s surface?
A) To increase the power factor
 B) To enhance voltage regulation
C) To reduce corona discharge
D) To provide a smooth surface for radio frequency signals

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, why is the concept of

Q. 129 “capacitance charging current” important in determining the cable’s reactive
power demand?
A) It reduces the power factor
B) It influences conductor resistance
C) It leads to voltage instability
D) It represents the charging and discharging of cable capacitance

Answer: D

In cable analysis, what factor is critical in determining the maximum permissible

Q. 130
current a cable can carry without exceeding its temperature limits?
A) Surrounding soil type
B) Cable length
C) Conductor material and size
D) Soil pH level

Answer: C

When analyzing transmission line performance, what is the purpose of including

Q. 131
series compensation devices along the line, such as capacitors?
A) To reduce the power factor
B) To increase conductor resistance
C) To enhance voltage regulation
D) To improve power transfer capacity and voltage profile

Answer: D

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, why is it crucial to maintain a

Q. 132
minimum distance between insulator strings and the tower structure?
A) To prevent electrical corona discharge
B) To improve the power factor
C) To reduce mechanical stress
D) To enhance radio frequency interference

Answer: A

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, why is the concept of

Q. 133 “skin effect” important in determining the distribution of current within the
conductor cross-section?
 A) It influences conductor resistance
B) It increases the power factor
C) It leads to excessive heating
D) It enhances voltage stability

Answer: A

In cable analysis, what parameter characterizes the ability of a cable to transmit

Q. 134
high-frequency signals without significant signal degradation?
A) Dielectric constant
B) Conductor resistance
C) Insulation thickness
D) Skin depth

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, why is the

Q. 135 concept of “inductive reactance” important in determining the line’s impedance
and behavior under different conditions?
A) It influences conductor resistance
B) It affects voltage regulation
C) It leads to excessive heating
D) It determines the line’s inductive characteristics

Answer: D

In overhead line analysis, how does the inclusion of surge impedance loading
Q. 136 (SIL) information contribute to understanding the power transmission capability
of a transmission line?
A) It increases conductor resistance
B) It enhances power factor
C) It influences voltage stability
D) It indicates the maximum power transfer without overloading the line

Answer: D

In the analysis of transmission lines, what key parameters influence the value of
Q. 137
line impedance, and how do they impact the power transfer capability of the line?
A) Voltage and current; Higher values increase power transfer
B) Resistance and reactance; Higher values decrease power transfer
C) Power factor and voltage; Higher values increase power transfer
D) Inductance and capacitance; Higher values improve power transfer

Answer: B
 When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, how does the
Q. 138 line’s length in comparison to the wavelength affect the propagation of signals
and power transfer?
A) Longer lines increase signal distortion
B) Short lines increase power losses
C) Longer lines improve power factor
D) Short lines decrease voltage stability

Answer: A

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the dielectric strength of the
Q. 139 insulation material influence the cable’s ability to handle high voltages without
breakdown?
A) Higher dielectric strength reduces power factor
B) Lower dielectric strength leads to excessive heating
C) Higher dielectric strength improves voltage regulation
D) Lower dielectric strength limits cable’s voltage withstand capability

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of overhead line insulators, how does the
Q. 140 presence of pollution or contaminants on the insulator surface impact the
insulator’s performance?
A) It reduces corona discharge
B) It increases the power factor
C) It promotes uniform electric field distribution
D) It may lead to flashovers and reduced insulation efficiency

Answer: D

In transmission line analysis, explain how the concept of “surge impedance” is

Q. 141
related to the reflection of signals and power at the line’s terminals.
A) Lower surge impedance results in higher signal reflection
B) Higher surge impedance leads to reduced power transfer
C) Surge impedance is not related to signal reflection
D) Surge impedance determines signal frequency

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, how does the “skin
Q. 142 effect” impact the distribution of current within the conductor’s cross-section and
contribute to power losses?
A) It increases the power factor
B) It leads to excessive heating
C) It reduces cable capacitance
D) It enhances voltage regulation
 Answer: B

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the insulator’s geometry and
Q. 143 grading influence the electric field distribution along the surface, particularly
during high-voltage conditions?
A) Geometry has no impact on electric field distribution
B) Larger insulator size increases corona discharge
C) Proper grading enhances uniform electric field distribution
D) Grading reduces the power factor

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the inclusion
Q. 144 of shunt capacitors along the line can improve voltage regulation and power
transfer.
A) Shunt capacitors increase line losses
B) Shunt capacitors improve power factor
C) Shunt capacitors decrease line impedance
D) Shunt capacitors compensate for reactive power and enhance voltage profile

Answer: D

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the concept of “capacitance

Q. 145 charging current” relate to the cable’s reactive power demand and voltage
stability?
A) Capacitance charging current reduces voltage stability
B) Capacitance charging current leads to excessive heating
C) Capacitance charging current compensates for reactive power demand
D) Capacitance charging current increases cable resistance

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how

Q. 146 bundle conductors affect the line’s impedance, corona discharge, and power
transfer capability.
A) Bundle conductors increase line impedance and corona discharge
B) Bundle conductors decrease line impedance and improve power transfer
C) Bundle conductors have no impact on line behavior
D) Bundle conductors increase line losses and reduce power factor

Answer: B

In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the inclusion of series reactance
Q. 147
and resistance affect the line’s impedance and voltage profile?
A) Series reactance improves voltage stability
 B) Series resistance reduces power factor
C) Series reactance and resistance increase line losses
D) Series resistance compensates for reactive power demand

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how cable

Q. 148 capacitance and inductance influence the cable’s power factor and ability to
transmit high-frequency signals.
A) Higher cable capacitance improves power factor
B) Higher cable inductance reduces signal distortion
C) Cable capacitance has no impact on signal transmission
D) Cable inductance enhances voltage regulation

Answer: B

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the voltage gradient along
Q. 149 the insulator’s surface relate to the likelihood of flashovers and insulation
breakdown?
A) Higher voltage gradient decreases flashover risk
B) Lower voltage gradient enhances voltage stability
C) Higher voltage gradient increases flashover risk
D) Voltage gradient has no impact on insulator performance

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the concept
Q. 150 of “skin effect” in conductors influences the distribution of current within the
conductor’s cross-section.
A) Skin effect increases current concentration at the conductor’s center
B) Skin effect results in uniform current distribution
C) Skin effect reduces conductor resistance
D) Skin effect enhances voltage regulation

Answer: A

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the dielectric loss factor of the
Q. 151
insulation material impact the cable’s power factor and efficiency?
A) Higher dielectric loss factor improves power factor
B) Higher dielectric loss factor reduces cable efficiency
C) Dielectric loss factor has no impact on cable performance
D) Lower dielectric loss factor increases cable resistance

Answer: B
 When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q. 152 corona discharge phenomenon affects power losses and radio frequency
interference.
A) Corona discharge reduces power losses and increases interference
B) Corona discharge increases power losses and reduces interference
C) Corona discharge improves power factor and reduces interference
D) Corona discharge has no impact on power losses or interference

Answer: B

In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the inclusion of parallel shunt
Q. 153
reactors influence the line’s reactive power compensation and voltage stability?
A) Shunt reactors decrease voltage stability
B) Shunt reactors improve power factor
C) Shunt reactors compensate for reactive power demand and enhance voltage
stability
D) Shunt reactors increase line impedance

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how the

Q. 154 concept of “dielectric constant” of the insulation material affects the cable’s
capacitance and ability to store electric charge.
A) Higher dielectric constant reduces cable capacitance
B) Higher dielectric constant increases cable inductance
C) Dielectric constant has no impact on cable behavior
D) Higher dielectric constant increases cable capacitance

Answer: D

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the inclusion of corona rings
Q. 155 and grading rings impact the electric field distribution and the likelihood of
corona discharge?
A) Corona rings enhance corona discharge
B) Grading rings reduce corona discharge
C) Corona rings have no impact on electric field distribution
D) Grading rings have no impact on corona discharge

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the concept
Q. 156 of “standing waves” in the line is related to impedance mismatch and signal
reflection.
A) Standing waves result from voltage instability
B) Impedance mismatch leads to reduced power losses
C) Standing waves are unrelated to signal reflection
 D) Impedance mismatch causes signal reflection and standing waves

Answer: D

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the insulation material’s thermal
Q. 157 conductivity impact the cable’s ability to dissipate heat generated by current flow
and maintain safe operating temperatures?
A) Higher thermal conductivity reduces cable efficiency
B) Higher thermal conductivity improves voltage stability
C) Insulation material’s thermal conductivity has no impact on cable behavior
D) Higher thermal conductivity enhances heat dissipation and efficiency

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q. 158 line’s inductance and capacitance affect its ability to transmit high-frequency
signals and attenuate harmonics.
A) Inductance enhances signal transmission and capacitance attenuates
harmonics
B) Inductance attenuates harmonics and capacitance enhances power factor
C) Inductance has no impact on signal transmission and capacitance enhances
voltage stability
D) Inductance reduces power losses and capacitance attenuates signal
transmission

Answer: A

In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the concept of “propagation

Q. 159 constant” relate to the line’s impedance and the phase shift of signals along the
line’s length?
A) Propagation constant determines line length
B) Propagation constant is unrelated to impedance and phase shift
C) Higher propagation constant increases line losses
D) Propagation constant influences impedance and phase shift of signals

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how the

Q. 160 concept of “charging current” due to cable capacitance affects the cable’s power
factor and current distribution.
A) Charging current enhances power factor and current distribution
B) Charging current reduces cable efficiency
C) Charging current has no impact on cable behavior
D) Charging current leads to excessive heating and current imbalance

Answer: A
 In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the insulator’s geometry and
Q. 161 design influence its ability to withstand mechanical and electrical stresses under
various environmental conditions?
A) Insulator geometry has no impact on its performance
B) Larger insulator size reduces mechanical stress
C) Proper geometry and design enhance insulator’s performance
D) Insulator design has no impact on electrical stresses

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the concept
Q. 162 of “voltage regulation” is related to maintaining stable voltage levels under
varying load conditions.
A) Voltage regulation affects signal transmission
B) Voltage regulation ensures constant power factor
C) Voltage regulation maintains stable voltage levels despite load variations
D) Voltage regulation improves power losses

Answer: C

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the inclusion of metallic

Q. 163 shielding impact the cable’s ability to withstand external electromagnetic
interference and protect signals from attenuation?
A) Metallic shielding reduces cable efficiency
B) Metallic shielding enhances cable’s attenuation
C) Metallic shielding has no impact on cable behavior
D) Metallic shielding protects signals from attenuation and external interference

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q.164 inclusion of insulator strings and spacers can mitigate the effects of galloping due
to wind-induced vibrations.
A) Insulator strings increase galloping effect
B) Spacers decrease power factor
C) Insulator strings and spacers reduce galloping and mechanical stress
D) Spacers enhance voltage stability

Answer: C

In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the concept of “transposition”

Q. 165 impact the mitigation of electromagnetic interference and voltage imbalance
among bundled conductors?
A) Transposition increases voltage imbalance
B) Transposition has no impact on interference
 C) Transposition improves voltage stability and reduces interference
D) Transposition increases electromagnetic interference

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how the cable’s
Q. 166 conductor material and size impact its resistance and ability to handle current
without significant losses.
A) Conductor material and size have no impact on cable resistance
B) Conductor material affects cable capacitance
C) Conductor material and size influence cable resistance and power losses
D) Conductor material enhances voltage stability

Answer: C

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the inclusion of “line surge
Q. 167 arresters” help protect the insulators and prevent flashovers during lightning
strikes or overvoltages?
A) Line surge arresters reduce insulator resistance
B) Line surge arresters enhance power factor
C) Line surge arresters increase insulator capacitance
D) Line surge arresters divert excess voltage and protect insulators

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the inclusion
Q. 168 of “line capacitance” affects the line’s ability to transmit high-frequency signals
and the propagation of power system disturbances.
A) Line capacitance reduces signal transmission
B) Line capacitance improves power factor
C) Line capacitance has no impact on signal transmission or disturbances
D) Line capacitance enhances signal transmission and influences power system
dynamics

Answer: D

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the cable’s insulation thickness
Q. 169
influence the cable’s capacitance and ability to store electric charge?
A) Thicker insulation increases cable capacitance
B) Thicker insulation reduces cable efficiency
C) Insulation thickness has no impact on cable behavior
D) Thicker insulation improves voltage stability

Answer: A
 When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q. 170 phenomenon of “galloping” due to wind-induced vibrations affects mechanical
stress and conductor fatigue.
A) Galloping has no impact on mechanical stress
B) Galloping increases conductor resistance
C) Galloping decreases mechanical stress and conductor fatigue
D) Galloping increases mechanical stress and may lead to conductor fatigue

Answer: D

In the analysis of transmission lines, what key parameters influence the value of
Q. 171
line impedance, and how do they impact the power transfer capability of the line?
A) Voltage and current; Higher values increase power transfer
B) Resistance and reactance; Higher values decrease power transfer
C) Power factor and voltage; Higher values increase power transfer
D) Inductance and capacitance; Higher values improve power transfer

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, how does the
Q. 172 line’s length in comparison to the wavelength affect the propagation of signals
and power transfer?
A) Longer lines increase signal distortion
B) Short lines increase power losses
C) Longer lines improve power factor
D) Short lines decrease voltage stability

Answer: A

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the dielectric strength of the
Q. 173 insulation material influence the cable’s ability to handle high voltages without
breakdown?
A) Higher dielectric strength reduces power factor
B) Lower dielectric strength leads to excessive heating
C) Higher dielectric strength improves voltage regulation
D) Lower dielectric strength limits cable’s voltage withstand capability

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of overhead line insulators, how does the
Q. 174 presence of pollution or contaminants on the insulator surface impact the
insulator’s performance?
A) It reduces corona discharge
B) It increases the power factor
C) It promotes uniform electric field distribution
D) It may lead to flashovers and reduced insulation efficiency
 Answer: D

In transmission line analysis, explain how the concept of “surge impedance” is

Q. 175
related to the reflection of signals and power at the line’s terminals.
A) Lower surge impedance results in higher signal reflection
B) Higher surge impedance leads to reduced power transfer
C) Surge impedance is not related to signal reflection
D) Surge impedance determines signal frequency

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, how does the “skin
Q. 176 effect” impact the distribution of current within the conductor’s cross-section and
contribute to power losses?
A) It increases the power factor
B) It leads to excessive heating
C) It reduces cable capacitance
D) It enhances voltage regulation

Answer: B

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the insulator’s geometry and
Q. 177 grading influence the electric field distribution along the surface, particularly
during high-voltage conditions?
A) Geometry has no impact on electric field distribution
B) Larger insulator size increases corona discharge
C) Proper grading enhances uniform electric field distribution
D) Grading reduces the power factor

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the inclusion
Q. 178 of shunt capacitors along the line can improve voltage regulation and power
transfer.
A) Shunt capacitors increase line losses
B) Shunt capacitors improve power factor
C) Shunt capacitors decrease line impedance
D) Shunt capacitors compensate for reactive power and enhance voltage profile

Answer: D

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the concept of “capacitance

Q. 179 charging current” relate to the cable’s reactive power demand and voltage
stability?
A) Capacitance charging current reduces voltage stability
 B) Capacitance charging current leads to excessive heating
C) Capacitance charging current compensates for reactive power demand
D) Capacitance charging current increases cable resistance

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how

Q. 180 bundle conductors affect the line’s impedance, corona discharge, and power
transfer capability.
A) Bundle conductors increase line impedance and corona discharge
B) Bundle conductors decrease line impedance and improve power transfer
C) Bundle conductors have no impact on line behavior
D) Bundle conductors increase line losses and reduce power factor

Answer: B

In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the inclusion of series reactance
Q. 181
and resistance affect the line’s impedance and voltage profile?
A) Series reactance improves voltage stability
B) Series resistance reduces power factor
C) Series reactance and resistance increase line losses
D) Series resistance compensates for reactive power demand

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how cable

Q. 182 capacitance and inductance influence the cable’s power factor and ability to
transmit high-frequency signals.
A) Higher cable capacitance improves power factor
B) Higher cable inductance reduces signal distortion
C) Cable capacitance has no impact on signal transmission
D) Cable inductance enhances voltage regulation

Answer: B

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the voltage gradient along
Q. 183 the insulator’s surface relate to the likelihood of flashovers and insulation
breakdown?
A) Higher voltage gradient decreases flashover risk
B) Lower voltage gradient enhances voltage stability
C) Higher voltage gradient increases flashover risk
D) Voltage gradient has no impact on insulator performance

Answer: C
 When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the concept
Q. 184 of “skin effect” in conductors influences the distribution of current within the
conductor’s cross-section.
A) Skin effect increases current concentration at the conductor’s center
B) Skin effect results in uniform current distribution
C) Skin effect reduces conductor resistance
D) Skin effect enhances voltage regulation

Answer: A

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the dielectric loss factor of the
Q. 185
insulation material impact the cable’s power factor and efficiency?
A) Higher dielectric loss factor improves power factor
B) Higher dielectric loss factor reduces cable efficiency
C) Dielectric loss factor has no impact on cable performance
D) Lower dielectric loss factor increases cable resistance

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q. 186 corona discharge phenomenon affects power losses and radio frequency
interference.
A) Corona discharge reduces power losses and increases interference
B) Corona discharge increases power losses and reduces interference
C) Corona discharge improves power factor and reduces interference
D) Corona discharge has no impact on power losses or interference

Answer: B

In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the inclusion of parallel shunt
Q. 187
reactors influence the line’s reactive power compensation and voltage stability?
A) Shunt reactors decrease voltage stability
B) Shunt reactors improve power factor
C) Shunt reactors compensate for reactive power demand and enhance voltage
stability
D) Shunt reactors increase line impedance

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how the

Q. 188 concept of “dielectric constant” of the insulation material affects the cable’s
capacitance and ability to store electric charge.
A) Higher dielectric constant reduces cable capacitance
B) Higher dielectric constant increases cable inductance
C) Dielectric constant has no impact on cable behavior
D) Higher dielectric constant increases cable capacitance
 Answer: D

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the inclusion of corona rings
Q. 189 and grading rings impact the electric field distribution and the likelihood of
corona discharge?
A) Corona rings enhance corona discharge
B) Grading rings reduce corona discharge
C) Corona rings have no impact on electric field distribution
D) Grading rings have no impact on corona discharge

Answer: B

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the concept
Q. 190 of “standing waves” in the line is related to impedance mismatch and signal
reflection.
A) Standing waves result from voltage instability
B) Impedance mismatch leads to reduced power losses
C) Standing waves are unrelated to signal reflection
D) Impedance mismatch causes signal reflection and standing waves

Answer: D

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the insulation material’s thermal
Q. 191 conductivity impact the cable’s ability to dissipate heat generated by current flow
and maintain safe operating temperatures?
A) Higher thermal conductivity reduces cable efficiency
B) Higher thermal conductivity improves voltage stability
C) Insulation material’s thermal conductivity has no impact on cable behavior
D) Higher thermal conductivity enhances heat dissipation and efficiency

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q. 192 line’s inductance and capacitance affect its ability to transmit high-frequency
signals and attenuate harmonics.
A) Inductance enhances signal transmission and capacitance attenuates
harmonics
B) Inductance attenuates harmonics and capacitance enhances power factor
C) Inductance has no impact on signal transmission and capacitance enhances
voltage stability
D) Inductance reduces power losses and capacitance attenuates signal
transmission

Answer: A
 In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the concept of “propagation
Q. 193 constant” relate to the line’s impedance and the phase shift of signals along the
line’s length?
A) Propagation constant determines line length
B) Propagation constant is unrelated to impedance and phase shift
C) Higher propagation constant increases line losses
D) Propagation constant influences impedance and phase shift of signals

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how the

Q. 194 concept of “charging current” due to cable capacitance affects the cable’s power
factor and current distribution.
A) Charging current enhances power factor and current distribution
B) Charging current reduces cable efficiency
C) Charging current has no impact on cable behavior
D) Charging current leads to excessive heating and current imbalance

Answer: A

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the insulator’s geometry and
Q. 195 design influence its ability to withstand mechanical and electrical stresses under
various environmental conditions?
A) Insulator geometry has no impact on its performance
B) Larger insulator size reduces mechanical stress
C) Proper geometry and design enhance insulator’s performance
D) Insulator design has no impact on electrical stresses

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the concept
Q. 196 of “voltage regulation” is related to maintaining stable voltage levels under
varying load conditions.
A) Voltage regulation affects signal transmission
B) Voltage regulation ensures constant power factor
C) Voltage regulation maintains stable voltage levels despite load variations
D) Voltage regulation improves power losses

Answer: C

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the inclusion of metallic

Q. 197 shielding impact the cable’s ability to withstand external electromagnetic
interference and protect signals from attenuation?
A) Metallic shielding reduces cable efficiency
B) Metallic shielding enhances cable’s attenuation
C) Metallic shielding has no impact on cable behavior
 D) Metallic shielding protects signals from attenuation and external interference

Answer: D

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q. 198 inclusion of insulator strings and spacers can mitigate the effects of galloping due
to wind-induced vibrations.
A) Insulator strings increase galloping effect
B) Spacers decrease power factor
C) Insulator strings and spacers reduce galloping and mechanical stress
D) Spacers enhance voltage stability

Answer: C

In the analysis of transmission lines, how does the concept of “transposition”

Q. 199 impact the mitigation of electromagnetic interference and voltage imbalance
among bundled conductors?
A) Transposition increases voltage imbalance
B) Transposition has no impact on interference
C) Transposition improves voltage stability and reduces interference
D) Transposition increases electromagnetic interference

Answer: C

When analyzing the performance of underground cables, explain how the cable’s
Q. 200 conductor material and size impact its resistance and ability to handle current
without significant losses.
A) Conductor material and size have no impact on cable resistance
B) Conductor material affects cable capacitance
C) Conductor material and size influence cable resistance and power losses
D) Conductor material enhances voltage stability

Answer: C

In the analysis of overhead line insulators, how does the inclusion of “line surge
Q. 201 arresters” help protect the insulators and prevent flashovers during lightning
strikes or overvoltages?
A) Line surge arresters reduce insulator resistance
B) Line surge arresters enhance power factor
C) Line surge arresters increase insulator capacitance
D) Line surge arresters divert excess voltage and protect insulators

Answer: D
 When analyzing the performance of transmission lines, explain how the inclusion
Q. 202 of “line capacitance” affects the line’s ability to transmit high-frequency signals
and the propagation of power system disturbances.
A) Line capacitance reduces signal transmission
B) Line capacitance improves power factor
C) Line capacitance has no impact on signal transmission or disturbances
D) Line capacitance enhances signal transmission and influences power system
dynamics

Answer: D

In the analysis of underground cables, how does the cable’s insulation thickness
Q. 203
influence the cable’s capacitance and ability to store electric charge?
A) Thicker insulation increases cable capacitance
B) Thicker insulation reduces cable efficiency
C) Insulation thickness has no impact on cable behavior
D) Thicker insulation improves voltage stability

Answer: A

When analyzing the performance of overhead transmission lines, explain how the
Q. 204 phenomenon of “galloping” due to wind-induced vibrations affects mechanical
stress and conductor fatigue.
A) Galloping has no impact on mechanical stress
B) Galloping increases conductor resistance
C) Galloping decreases mechanical stress and conductor fatigue
D) Galloping increases mechanical stress and may lead to conductor fatigue

Answer: D

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, what is the primary

Q. 205
function of “insulation materials” used in power equipment?
A) Increase power losses
B) Enhance corona discharge
C) Provide electrical isolation and prevent flashovers
D) Reduce power factor

Answer: C

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 206 consider the effects of “creepage distance” and “clearance distance” in insulator
design?
A) These factors have no impact on insulator design
B) Creepage and clearance distances enhance corona discharge
C) Creepage and clearance distances ensure proper insulation and prevent
flashovers
 D) Creepage and clearance distances influence power losses

Answer: C

When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 207
evaluate the “dielectric strength” of insulation materials?
A) Dielectric strength has no impact on insulation materials
B) Higher dielectric strength reduces flashover risks
C) Dielectric strength enhances power transfer capability
D) Dielectric strength improves corona discharge

Answer: B

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 208 consider the impact of “corona rings” on reducing the effects of corona discharge
and radio interference?
A) Corona rings have no impact on corona discharge
B) Corona rings enhance corona discharge
C) Corona rings reduce the risk of corona discharge and radio interference
D) Corona rings improve power factor

Answer: C

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 209 consider the impact of “shielding” on reducing the effects of electric and
magnetic fields on nearby equipment and personnel?
A) Shielding has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Shielding enhances corona discharge
C) Shielding increases electric and magnetic field effects
D) Shielding reduces the impact of electric and magnetic fields on equipment and
personnel

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 210 consider the effects of “grading” on reducing the electric field intensity around
power equipment?
A) Grading has no impact on electric fields
B) Grading enhances power transfer capability
C) Grading increases electric field intensity
D) Grading reduces the risk of corona discharge and flashovers

Answer: D
 When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to
Q. 211 evaluate the “breaking capacity” of circuit breakers and switches used for
interruption of fault currents?
A) Breaking capacity has no impact on circuit breakers
B) Higher breaking capacity reduces power losses
C) Breaking capacity ensures proper interruption of fault currents and prevents
damage
D) Breaking capacity enhances power factor

Answer: C

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 212 consider the effects of “arc quenching” mechanisms in circuit breakers for safe
interruption of fault currents?
A) Arc quenching mechanisms have no impact on circuit breakers
B) Arc quenching mechanisms enhance corona discharge
C) Arc quenching mechanisms increase arc duration
D) Arc quenching mechanisms ensure rapid and safe interruption of fault
currents

Answer: D

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 213 consider the “insulating gases” used in gas-insulated equipment and their effects
on electrical insulation and environmental impact?
A) Insulating gases have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulating gases enhance corona discharge
C) Insulating gases reduce electrical insulation
D) Selection of appropriate insulating gases is crucial for maintaining electrical
insulation and minimizing environmental impact

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 214 consider the effects of “partial discharge” in insulation materials and their
potential to lead to insulation breakdown?
A) Partial discharge has no impact on insulation materials
B) Partial discharge enhances corona discharge
C) Partial discharge reduces insulation breakdown risks
D) Partial discharge improves power transfer capability

Answer: C

When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 215 evaluate the “temperature rise” of equipment due to electrical losses and its
impact on insulation life and safe operation?
 A) Temperature rise has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Temperature rise enhances corona discharge
C) Temperature rise increases insulation life
D) Temperature rise affects insulation life and safe equipment operation

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 216 consider the effects of “surge arresters” in protecting equipment from
overvoltage surges caused by lightning or switching events?
A) Surge arresters have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Surge arresters enhance corona discharge
C) Surge arresters increase overvoltage risks
D) Surge arresters divert excessive voltage and protect equipment from
overvoltage surges

Answer: D

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 217 consider the “voltage withstand capability” of surge arresters for effective
protection against overvoltage events?
A) Voltage withstand capability has no impact on surge arresters
B) Voltage withstand capability enhances corona discharge
C) Higher voltage withstand capability reduces surge arrester efficiency
D) Proper voltage withstand capability ensures effective protection against
overvoltage events

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 218 consider the impact of “grounding” on providing a safe path for fault currents
and protecting personnel and equipment?
A) Grounding has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Grounding enhances corona discharge
C) Grounding increases the risk of electrical faults
D) Grounding provides a safe path for fault currents and protects personnel and
equipment

Answer: D

When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

evaluate the “insulation coordination” of power equipment to ensure proper
Q. 219
insulation levels and safe operation under various transient and steady-state
conditions?
A) Insulation coordination has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulation coordination enhances power transfer capability
 C) Insulation coordination reduces insulation life
D) Insulation coordination ensures proper insulation levels and safe operation
under various conditions

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 220 consider the effects of “transformer insulation” on the ability to withstand high
voltage stresses and prevent insulation breakdown?
A) Transformer insulation has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Transformer insulation enhances corona discharge
C) Transformer insulation increases insulation breakdown risks
D) Proper transformer insulation is crucial for preventing insulation breakdown
and ensuring safe operation

Answer: D

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 221 consider the effects of “resistive voltage dividers” for measurement and
monitoring of high voltages in power systems?
A) Resistive voltage dividers have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Resistive voltage dividers enhance corona discharge
C) Resistive voltage dividers improve power factor
D) Resistive voltage dividers provide accurate measurement and monitoring of
high voltages

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 222 consider the impact of “capacitive voltage dividers” for accurate measurement of
AC high voltages in power systems?
A) Capacitive voltage dividers have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Capacitive voltage dividers enhance corona discharge
C) Capacitive voltage dividers reduce measurement accuracy
D) Capacitive voltage dividers provide accurate measurement of AC high
voltages

Answer: D

When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 223 evaluate the “corona rings” used in high voltage equipment to control the effects
of corona discharge and radio interference?
A) Corona rings have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Corona rings enhance corona discharge
C) Corona rings reduce corona discharge effects and radio interference
D) Corona rings improve power transfer capability
 Answer: C

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 224 consider the effects of “impulse voltage dividers” for accurate measurement and
testing of lightning and switching impulse voltages?
A) Impulse voltage dividers have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Impulse voltage dividers enhance corona discharge
C) Impulse voltage dividers reduce measurement accuracy
D) Impulse voltage dividers provide accurate measurement and testing of
impulse voltages

Answer: D

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 225 consider the “insulation coordination” of power equipment to ensure safe
operation during lightning and overvoltage events?
A) Insulation coordination has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulation coordination enhances power factor
C) Insulation coordination reduces insulation life
D) Insulation coordination ensures safe operation during lightning and
overvoltage events

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 226 consider the effects of “corona” and its potential to lead to power losses and
radio interference in high voltage equipment?
A) Corona has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Corona enhances power factor
C) Corona reduces power losses and radio interference
D) Corona improves power transfer capability

Answer: C

When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 227 evaluate the “voltage grading” of insulating materials used in power equipment
to ensure smooth voltage distribution and prevent local stress concentrations?
A) Voltage grading has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Voltage grading enhances corona discharge
C) Voltage grading increases local stress concentrations
D) Voltage grading ensures smooth voltage distribution and prevents local stress
concentrations

Answer: D
 In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to
Q. 228 consider the effects of “insulator pollution” on flashover risks and insulation
performance in outdoor environments?
A) Insulator pollution has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulator pollution enhances power transfer capability
C) Insulator pollution reduces flashover risks and insulation performance
D) Insulator pollution improves corona discharge

Answer: C

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 229 consider the “insulating oils” used in transformers and their impact on electrical
insulation, cooling, and overall transformer performance?
A) Insulating oils have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulating oils enhance corona discharge
C) Insulating oils reduce transformer efficiency
D) Proper selection of insulating oils is crucial for electrical insulation, cooling,
and overall transformer performance

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 230 consider the impact of “power frequency withstand voltage” in assessing the
insulation strength of power equipment for safe and reliable operation?
A) Power frequency withstand voltage has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Power frequency withstand voltage enhances power factor
C) Higher power frequency withstand voltage increases insulation breakdown
risks
D) Proper power frequency withstand voltage ensures safe and reliable operation
of power equipment

Answer: D

When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 231 evaluate the “insulation resistance” of materials used in power equipment to
ensure proper electrical insulation and prevent leakage currents?
A) Insulation resistance has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulation resistance enhances power transfer capability
C) Insulation resistance reduces insulation life
D) Proper insulation resistance ensures proper electrical insulation and prevents
leakage currents

Answer: D
 In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to
Q. 232 consider the effects of “corona cages” or “corona rings” used in high voltage
equipment for controlling corona discharge effects?
A) Corona cages have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Corona cages enhance corona discharge
C) Corona cages reduce corona discharge effects
D) Corona cages improve power transfer capability

Answer: C

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 233 consider the impact of “instrument transformers” for accurate measurement of
high currents and voltages in power systems?
A) Instrument transformers have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Instrument transformers enhance power transfer capability
C) Instrument transformers reduce measurement accuracy
D) Instrument transformers provide accurate measurement of high currents and
voltages

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 234 consider the effects of “corona rings” used in high voltage cables to control
electric field intensities and reduce corona discharge?
A) Corona rings have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Corona rings enhance corona discharge
C) Corona rings reduce electric field intensities and corona discharge
D) Corona rings improve power factor

Answer: C

When assessing high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 235 evaluate the “insulation coordination” of power equipment for maintaining safe
and reliable operation during system faults and transient conditions?
A) Insulation coordination has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulation coordination enhances power transfer capability
C) Insulation coordination reduces insulation life
D) Insulation coordination ensures safe and reliable operation during system
faults and transient conditions

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 236 consider the impact of “gas-insulated switchgear (GIS)” in reducing the footprint
and improving the performance of high voltage substations?
A) GIS has no impact on high voltage equipment
 B) GIS enhances corona discharge
C) GIS increases the footprint of substations
D) GIS reduces the footprint and improves the performance of substations

Answer: D

When evaluating high voltage engineering components, why is it important to

Q. 237 consider the effects of “resistive grading” in high voltage cables for maintaining
uniform electric field distribution and preventing voltage concentration?
A) Resistive grading has no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Resistive grading enhances corona discharge
C) Resistive grading increases voltage concentration
D) Resistive grading maintains uniform electric field distribution and prevents
voltage concentration

Answer: D

In the evaluation of high voltage engineering components, why is it crucial to

Q. 238 consider the impact of “insulating tapes and coatings” for enhancing the
electrical insulation of components and preventing surface discharges?
A) Insulating tapes and coatings have no impact on high voltage equipment
B) Insulating tapes and coatings enhance power transfer capability
C) Insulating tapes and coatings reduce insulation life
D) Insulating tapes and coatings enhance electrical insulation and prevent surface
discharges

Answer: D

Imagine you are designing an insulation system for a high voltage transformer.
Q. 239
What factors would you consider to select appropriate insulation materials?
A) Color and aesthetics
B) Weight and size
C) Electrical insulation properties and dielectric strength
D) Temperature and humidity

Answer: C

You are tasked with designing a transmission line insulator for an outdoor
Q. 240 environment. How would you ensure that the insulator can withstand pollution
and contaminants?
A) Increase the insulator length
B) Choose a darker color for the insulator
C) Apply a hydrophobic coating to repel contaminants
D) Decrease the insulator diameter

Answer: C
 Suppose you need to design a corona ring for a high voltage cable termination.
Q. 241
How would you position the corona ring to reduce corona discharge effects?
A) Place the corona ring closer to the cable insulation
B) Position the corona ring away from the cable insulation
C) Rotate the corona ring to face the cable conductor
D) Remove the corona ring to enhance corona discharge

Answer: B

You’re designing an overhead transmission line that crosses a residential area.

Q. 242
How would you minimize the electromagnetic field effects on nearby homes?
A) Increase the transmission line voltage
B) Install larger conductors
C) Implement proper shielding and grounding techniques
D) Use higher frequency AC power

Answer: C

You’re tasked with selecting an appropriate insulating oil for a power

Q. 243 transformer. What properties would you look for in the oil to ensure optimal
transformer performance?
A) Low viscosity and high acidity
B) High water content and low flash point
C) High dielectric strength and low moisture content
D) High flammability and strong odor

Answer: C

Imagine you’re designing an impulse voltage divider for testing high voltage
Q. 244 equipment. What factors would you consider to ensure accurate measurement of
lightning and switching impulse voltages?
A) Use a longer divider with larger dimensions
B) Choose materials with high conductivity
C) Incorporate resistive and capacitive components to match the voltage
waveform
D) Increase the number of turns in the divider winding

Answer: C

You’re responsible for designing an effective grounding system for a high

Q. 245 voltage substation. What elements would you include in the grounding system to
ensure safety during fault conditions?
A) Disconnect all equipment from the ground
B) Install grounding rods without considering their depth
C) Use a combination of grounding rods and conductive mesh
 D) Reduce the number of ground connections to minimize cost

Answer: C

You’re designing a gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) for a compact substation.

Q. 246
How would you ensure the effective insulation and space-saving benefits of GIS?
A) Increase the size of the switchgear to improve insulation
B) Use traditional air-insulated switchgear instead
C) Implement insulating barriers using insulating tapes
D) Enclose the switchgear components in sealed compartments filled with
insulating gases

Answer: D

Suppose you need to design a voltage grading system for a high voltage cable.
Q. 247 How would you design the system to ensure uniform electric field distribution
along the cable insulation?
A) Apply a higher voltage to the cable core
B) Increase the cable diameter
C) Incorporate resistive layers along the cable insulation
D) Reduce the insulation thickness to concentrate the electric field

Answer: C

You’re tasked with developing a surge arrester selection strategy for a substation
Q. 248 to protect equipment from overvoltage surges. How would you choose the
appropriate surge arrester ratings?
A) Select the highest rated surge arresters available
B) Match the surge arrester voltage ratings with the rated system voltage
C) Choose surge arresters with lower voltage ratings than the system voltage
D) Use surge arresters with different voltage ratings for aesthetic variety

Answer: B

Imagine you’re designing an insulator for a high voltage bushing. What design
Q. 249 features would you incorporate to ensure effective electrical insulation and
prevent flashovers?
A) Decrease the insulator length to minimize insulation material usage
B) Increase the insulator diameter to enhance mechanical strength
C) Add shedding to create longer leakage paths
D) Remove the insulator sheddings to improve aesthetics

Answer: C
 You’re tasked with developing an insulation coordination plan for a power
Q. 250 substation. How would you determine the appropriate insulation levels for
various equipment in the substation?
A) Use the same insulation level for all equipment to simplify the plan
B) Consult manufacturers’ recommendations for insulation levels
C) Reduce insulation levels to save costs
D) Apply the highest insulation level for all equipment to ensure safety

Answer: B

Suppose you’re designing a high voltage laboratory for conducting insulation

Q. 251 tests. How would you ensure the safety of personnel working with high voltages
in the lab?
A) Avoid using safety equipment to enhance awareness of risks
B) Implement proper grounding and equip personnel with safety gear
C) Use higher voltage levels for faster testing
D) Encourage working alone to minimize distractions

Answer: B

You’re responsible for selecting insulators for a high voltage transmission line
Q. 252 that spans across a coastal area with high pollution levels. How would you
choose insulators that can withstand pollution and contaminants effectively?
A) Select insulators made of non-porous materials to prevent pollution
accumulation
B) Choose insulators with the smallest possible creepage and clearance distances
C) Opt for insulators with hydrophobic coatings to repel contaminants
D) Use insulators with minimal shedding to reduce pollution buildup

Answer: C

Imagine you’re designing a corona cage for a high voltage laboratory

Q. 253 experiment. What features would you include in the cage design to control and
study corona discharge effects?
A) Use a cage with large openings to enhance corona discharge
B) Incorporate sharp edges on the cage surface to increase corona effects
C) Construct the cage using insulating materials to isolate corona effects
D) Design the cage with rounded shapes and smooth surfaces to reduce corona
discharge

Answer: D

You’re tasked with designing an insulating tape for use on high voltage
equipment. How would you select the appropriate material and features for the
Q. 254
tape to ensure effective electrical insulation and prevention of surface
discharges?
 A) Choose a conducting material to enhance electrical conduction
B) Use a transparent material to allow visual inspection of equipment
C) Opt for a material with low dielectric strength to allow partial discharges
D) Select a non-conductive material with high dielectric strength and a smooth
surface for effective electrical insulation

Answer: D

Suppose you need to design a grounding system for a high voltage substation
Q. 255 located in an area prone to lightning strikes. How would you ensure that the
grounding system effectively dissipates lightning-induced currents?
A) Increase the number of grounding rods without considering their placement
B) Implement a grounding system using non-conductive materials to reduce the
risk of electrical shocks
C) Install a combination of grounding rods and conductive mesh to provide
multiple paths for current dissipation
D) Use larger grounding rods to enhance aesthetic appearance

Answer: C

You’re designing an overhead transmission line in an area with high wind speeds
Q. 256 and ice accumulation during winter. How would you design the insulators to
prevent ice-related flashovers and ensure reliable operation?
A) Choose insulators with minimal shedding to prevent ice accumulation
B) Increase the insulator diameter to enhance mechanical strength
C) Design insulators with long leakage paths and sheds to shed ice accumulation
D) Decrease the distance between insulator strings to reduce the risk of ice-
related flashovers

Answer: C

Imagine you’re designing an insulating material for use in a high voltage

Q. 257 capacitor. What properties would you look for in the material to ensure optimal
capacitor performance and electrical insulation?
A) High water content and low dielectric strength
B) Low melting point and high flammability
C) High dielectric constant and low electrical resistivity
D) High dielectric strength and low dielectric loss

Answer: D

You’re responsible for designing a cable termination for a high voltage cable.
Q. 258 How would you ensure effective insulation and prevention of partial discharge at
the cable termination point?
A) Increase the cable diameter to accommodate more insulation material
B) Extend the cable insulation beyond the termination point
 C) Incorporate stress control components and use proper insulating materials
D) Remove the cable insulation to enhance partial discharge effects

Answer: C

You’re tasked with selecting an insulating material for use in a high voltage
Q. 259 laboratory environment. How would you choose the material to ensure safety,
effective insulation, and prevention of electrical breakdown?
A) Opt for a material with high electrical conductivity to prevent insulation
breakdown
B) Choose a material with high thermal conductivity to dissipate heat generated
during testing
C) Select a non-conductive material with high dielectric strength to ensure
effective insulation and prevention of electrical breakdown
D) Use a material with low dielectric strength to study the effects of insulation
breakdown

Answer: C

Suppose you’re designing a voltage grading system for a high voltage cable joint.
Q. 260 How would you design the system to ensure uniform electric field distribution
and prevent voltage concentration at the joint?
A) Decrease the insulation thickness to concentrate the electric field
B) Apply higher voltage levels to create a stronger electric field
C) Use materials with low dielectric strength to enhance voltage concentration
D) Incorporate resistive layers to create a gradual voltage transition and prevent
concentration

Answer: D

You’re responsible for designing surge arresters for a high voltage substation.
Q. 261 How would you design the surge arresters to provide effective protection against
overvoltage surges caused by lightning or switching events?
A) Increase the surge arrester voltage ratings beyond the system voltage
B) Choose surge arresters with low voltage ratings to reduce protection
effectiveness
C) Install surge arresters with larger dimensions for enhanced protection
D) Match the surge arrester voltage ratings with the rated system voltage for
effective protection

Answer: D

Imagine you’re designing a corona cage for laboratory experiments to study the
Q. 262 effects of corona discharge. What factors would you consider to control and
manipulate the intensity of corona discharge in the cage?
A) Use conducting cage materials to enhance corona discharge
 B) Design the cage with smooth surfaces to minimize corona effects
C) Vary the gap distance between cage components to control corona intensity
D) Eliminate the use of cage components to prevent corona discharge

Answer: C

You’re tasked with designing insulating coatings for use on high voltage
Q. 263 insulators. How would you ensure that the coatings effectively prevent surface
discharges and provide reliable insulation in outdoor environments?
A) Choose coatings with rough textures to enhance surface discharges
B) Apply coatings with low dielectric strength to encourage discharges
C) Select coatings with high dielectric strength and smooth surfaces to prevent
surface discharges
D) Use coatings with high electrical conductivity to improve electrical
conduction

Answer: C

Suppose you need to design a grounding system for a high voltage substation
located near a body of water. How would you ensure the effectiveness of the
Q. 264
grounding system in dissipating fault currents while considering the presence of
water?
A) Install grounding rods without considering soil resistivity
B) Increase the number of ground connections near the water to enhance safety
C) Optimize grounding rod placement based on soil resistivity and moisture
conditions
D) Avoid grounding near water bodies to prevent potential electrical hazards

Answer: C

You’re designing insulators for a high voltage transmission line in an area prone
Q. 265 to heavy rain and humidity. How would you design the insulators to prevent
surface flashovers and ensure reliable operation under wet conditions?
A) Choose insulators with a smooth surface to prevent water accumulation
B) Increase the distance between insulator strings to reduce wet leakage currents
C) Incorporate hydrophobic coatings on the insulator surface to repel water
D) Use insulators with minimal shedding to prevent water droplet accumulation

Answer: C

Imagine you’re designing a corona ring for a high voltage cable termination in an
area with high pollution levels. How would you design the corona ring to
Q. 266
effectively reduce corona discharge effects while considering the pollution
environment?
A) Select a corona ring with a sharp-edged design to enhance corona discharge
B) Choose a corona ring made of conducting materials to intensify corona effects
 C) Design the corona ring with smooth surfaces and rounded shapes to minimize
corona discharge effects in the presence of pollution
D) Remove the corona ring to enhance corona discharge effects

Answer: C

You’re responsible for designing an impulse voltage divider for high voltage
testing. How would you design the divider to accurately measure lightning and
Q. 267
switching impulse voltages while considering the transient nature of the
impulses?
A) Use a long divider with large dimensions for accurate measurements
B) Choose conducting divider components for fast impulse signal transmission
C) Incorporate resistive and capacitive components to match the transient
waveform of the impulses
D) Reduce the number of divider components to simplify the design

Answer: C

Suppose you need to design an insulating material for use in a high voltage
capacitor bank. How would you design the material to provide effective
Q. 268
insulation, low dielectric loss, and high dielectric strength for capacitor
performance?
A) Opt for a material with high dielectric loss and low dielectric strength to
enhance energy dissipation
B) Choose a material with low dielectric strength and high thermal conductivity
to minimize heating effects
C) Select a material with high dielectric strength and low dielectric loss for
effective insulation and optimal capacitor performance
D) Use a material with high dielectric strength and high dielectric loss to enhance
energy storage

Answer: C

You’re tasked with designing insulating materials for use in a high voltage
Q. 269 laboratory environment. How would you design the materials to ensure safety,
effective electrical insulation, and prevention of partial discharge during testing?
A) Opt for materials with high dielectric loss to encourage partial discharges
B) Choose materials with low dielectric strength to enhance electrical breakdown
C) Select non-conductive materials with high dielectric strength to ensure
effective insulation and prevention of partial discharge
D) Use materials with high electrical conductivity to facilitate partial discharge
measurements

Answer: C
 Imagine you’re designing an insulating tape for use on high voltage equipment.
How would you incorporate features in the tape design to ensure effective
Q. 270
electrical insulation, prevention of surface discharges, and durability in outdoor
environments?
A) Choose a tape material with high electrical conductivity to enhance surface
discharges
B) Opt for a tape material with low dielectric strength to encourage insulation
breakdown
C) Select a non-conductive tape material with high dielectric strength and
resistance to environmental factors for effective electrical insulation, prevention
of surface discharges, and durability
D) Use a transparent tape material to allow visual inspection of equipment
components

Answer: C

You’re responsible for designing surge arresters for a high voltage substation
located in an area with frequent lightning strikes. How would you design the
Q. 271
surge arresters to effectively handle high energy surges while ensuring reliable
protection of equipment?
A) Opt for surge arresters with low voltage ratings to reduce energy absorption
B) Increase the number of surge arresters without considering their energy
absorption capabilities
C) Choose surge arresters with appropriate voltage ratings and energy absorption
capabilities for reliable protection of equipment
D) Install surge arresters without considering their placement and energy
absorption capabilities

Answer: C

Suppose you’re designing a corona cage for laboratory experiments to study the
Q. 272 effects of corona discharge. How would you design the cage to accurately
replicate the corona effects that occur in practical high voltage equipment?
A) Use conducting materials to minimize corona discharge effects
B) Design the cage with smooth surfaces to prevent corona discharge
C) Incorporate components with varying gap distances to accurately replicate
corona effects
D) Eliminate cage components to prevent corona discharge

Answer: C

Q. 273 Real Power (P) is measured in:

a) Watts
b) Volts
c) Ohms
d) Amperes
 Answer: a) Watts

Q. 274 In the power triangle, reactive power is represented by:

a) Horizontal side
b) Vertical side
c) Hypotenuse
d) None of the above

Answer: b) Vertical side

Q. 275 What is the primary purpose of a transformer in power systems?

a) Change the current
b) Change the voltage
c) Store energy
d) Convert AC to DC

Answer: b) Change the voltage

Q. 276 The transmission lines are modeled as:

a) Resistors only
b) Capacitors only
c) Inductors only
d) Combination of resistance, inductance, and capacitance

Answer: d) Combination of resistance, inductance, and capacitance

Q. 277 Per unit system is used in power systems for:

a) Reducing complexity
b) Making system analysis independent of voltage levels
c) Standardizing calculations
d) Both a and b

Answer: d) Both a and b

Q. 278 Which component primarily causes reactive power in power systems?

a) Resistors
b) Transformers
c) Inductors
d) Capacitors

Answer: c) Inductors

Q. 279 In a symmetrical three-phase system, the sum of three phases is:

a) 0
b) Maximum
 c) Minimum
d) Undefined

Answer: a) 0

The phenomenon where voltage at the receiving end of a transmission line

Q. 280
exceeds the sending end voltage is called:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Ferranti effect
d) Skin effect

Answer: c) Ferranti effect

Q. 281 The short transmission line is modeled as:

a) Series resistance
b) Series inductance
c) Shunt capacitance
d) Series resistance with shunt capacitance

Answer: a) Series resistance

Q. 282 The most commonly used method for fault analysis in power systems is:
a) Node analysis
b) Mesh analysis
c) Symmetrical components method
d) Laplace transforms

Answer: c) Symmetrical components method

Q. 283 The power factor can be improved using:

a) Resistors
b) Capacitors
c) Inductors
d) Transformers

Answer: b) Capacitors

Q. 284 Which type of fault is most common in power systems?

a) Single line-to-ground
b) Double line-to-ground
c) Line-to-line
d) Three-phase fault

Answer: a) Single line-to-ground

Q. 285 What does a Load Flow Study primarily determine?
a) Fault locations
b) Power factor correction
c) Voltage profile and active-reactive power flows
d) Transformer efficiency

Answer: c) Voltage profile and active-reactive power flows

Q. 286 The “skin effect” in transmission lines results in:

a) Reduced resistance at high frequencies
b) Reduced inductance at high frequencies
c) Increased resistance at high frequencies
d) Increased capacitance at high frequencies

Answer: c) Increased resistance at high frequencies

Q. 287 Synchronous generators in power systems operate on the principle of:

a) Electromagnetic induction
b) Faraday’s law
c) Mutual induction
d) Both a and b

Answer: d) Both a and b

Q. 288 An ideal transformer has:

a) Zero core loss
b) Zero copper loss
c) Unity power factor
d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Which component of a power system restricts fault current and maintains system
Q. 289
voltage?
a) Transformer
b) Reactor
c) Capacitor
d) Generator

Answer: b) Reactor

Q. 290 In the context of power systems, VAR stands for:

a) Variable Alternating Resistor
b) Voltage Ampere Reactive
c) Variable Ampere Resistor
d) Voltage Alternating Resistor
 Answer: b) Voltage Ampere Reactive

Q. 291 Which of the following devices is used to measure power in a power system?
a) Ammeter
b) Voltmeter
c) Wattmeter
d) Ohmmeter

Answer: c) Wattmeter

Q. 292 What is the primary advantage of HVDC transmission over HVAC transmission?
a) Reduced power losses
b) Less expensive equipment
c) Simplified grid synchronization
d) Both a and c

Answer: d) Both a and c

Q. 293 The phenomenon of resonance in power systems can lead to:

a) Reduced system losses
b) Improved power factor
c) Voltage amplification causing system instability
d) Increased system efficiency

Answer: c) Voltage amplification causing system instability

Q. 294 Surge impedance loading (SIL) of a transmission line represents:

a) Maximum power transfer
b) No power transfer
c) Optimum loading condition
d) None of the above

Answer: c) Optimum loading condition

Which of the following devices compensates for voltage drop in long

Q. 295
transmission lines?
a) Series capacitor
b) Shunt inductor
c) Shunt resistor
d) Series inductor

Answer: a) Series capacitor

Q. 296 Which of the following represents active power in a phasor diagram?

a) Projection on the real axis
 b) Projection on the imaginary axis
c) Angle between voltage and current
d) Length of the phasor

Answer: a) Projection on the real axis

Q. 297 Bundled conductors in transmission lines are used to:

a) Increase the current capacity
b) Reduce corona discharge
c) Improve mechanical strength
d) Both b and c

Answer: d) Both b and c

Q. 298 A system with lagging power factor implies:

a) Current lags voltage
b) Voltage lags current
c) Current is in phase with voltage
d) None of the above

Answer: a) Current lags voltage

Q. 299 The primary reason for the use of high voltages in transmission lines is to:
a) Increase power transfer capacity
b) Reduce line losses
c) Increase safety
d) Reduce the cost of transformers

Answer: b) Reduce line losses

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a three-phase system over a

Q. 300
single-phase system?
a) Higher power transfer
b) Simpler machine design
c) Less complex protection systems
d) Constant power transfer

Answer: c) Less complex protection systems

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Exit Exam for Electrical and Computer Engineering-
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